Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales最新文献

{"title":"Estratégias educativas para prevenção de incidentes em unidades intensivas","authors":"Daniella Cristina Julio Lima, Thayana Nascimento dos Santos, Fernanda Silva de Oliveira, Lidiana Fortunato Correa, Luana Ferreira De Almeida, Vanessa Galdino de Paula","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.517971","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.517971","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To map the educational strategies directed to health professionals for the prevention of incidents in intensive care units. Method: Integrative review carried out between April and May 2021 in the databases: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF and CINAHL. Included studies published between 2016 and 2021 in English, Spanish and Portuguese full texts. Excluded abstracts, editorials, theses and dissertations. Used as descriptors: \"health personnel\", \"continuing education\", \"medical error\", patient safety\" and \"intensive care units\" with Boolean operator \"AND\" and \"OR\". The data were organized in a table from the journal, qualis, authors, year of publication, title and educational actions. The contents were compared and grouped by similarity. Results: Educational actions such as training, protocols, classes with interactive discussions, targeted professional support, use of short text messages, videos and playful activity were identified. Conclusion: There was a predominance of educational activities in the traditional way such as training, classes and videos with little interaction of the professional.\u0000 Objetivo: Mapear las estrategias educativas dirigidas a los profesionales de la salud para la prevención de incidentes en unidades de cuidados intensivos. Método: Revisión integradora realizada entre abril y mayo de 2021 en las bases de datos: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF y CINAHL. Se incluyeron estudios publicados entre 2016 y 2021 en textos completos en inglés, español y portugués. Se excluyen resúmenes, editoriales, tesis y disertaciones. Utilizados como descriptores: \"personal de salud\", \"educación continua\", \"error médico\", \"seguridad del paciente\" y \"unidades de cuidados intensivos\" con operador booleano \"AND\" y \"OR\". Los datos se organizaron en una tabla de la revista, qualis, autores, año de publicación, título y acciones educativas. Los contenidos fueron comparados y agrupados por similitud. Resultados: Se identificaron acciones educativas como capacitación, protocolos, clases con discusiones interactivas, apoyo profesional dirigido, uso de mensajes de texto cortos, videos y actividad lúdica. Conclusión: Hubo un predominio de actividades educativas de la manera tradicional como capacitaciones, clases y videos con poca interacción del profesional.\u0000 Objetivo: Mapear as estratégias educativas direcionadas aos profissionais de saúde para a prevenção de incidentes em unidades de terapia intensiva. Método: Revisão integrativa realizada entre abril e maio de 2021 nas bases de dados: LILACS, MEDLINE, BDENF e CINAHL. Incluídos estudos publicados entre 2016 a 2021 nos idiomas inglês, espanhol e português com textos completos. Excluídos resumos, editoriais, teses e dissertações. Utilizados como descritores: “pessoal de saúde”, “educação continuada”, “erro médico”, segurança do paciente”e “unidades de terapia intensiva” com operador booleano “AND” e “OR”. Os dados foram organizados em uma tabela a partir do periódico, qualis, autores, ano de publicação, título ","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41358493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Aplicativo móvel sobre sífilis para adolescentes: validação de aparência e conteúdo","authors":"Nathanael de Souza Maciel, D. S. Ferreira, A. Oliveira, Marks Passos Santos, Camila Chaves Da Costa, Leilane Barbosa De Sousa","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.529961","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.529961","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To validate the appearance and content of an application for the prevention and control of syphilis in adolescents.Method: A methodological study was carried out from January to June 2020. Twenty-two judges with experience in syphilis control participated, with an emphasis on adolescent health promotion, educational technologies, and instrument validation. An instrument with variables related to content, structure, functionality, and relevance was used. The Content Validity Index, Cronbach's Alpha Test, and Flesch's Readability Index were used.Results: In the three dimensions, the average Content Validity Index was greater than 0.80, which validates the contents of the application. The overall Content Validity Index of the application was 0.86, which is satisfactory and makes it possible to consider the application valid in terms of content and appearance. Concerning the total Cronbach's Alpha of the application, a value of 0.94 was obtained, demonstrating excellent homogeneity between the participants' responses. The readability test revealed that the technology is easy for the user to understand.Conclusion: The mobile application proved valid in terms of content and appearance, demonstrating that this is a reliable technological tool that adolescents can use as a health education strategy for syphilis prevention and control.\u0000 Objetivo: Validar el contenido y la apariencia de una aplicación para adolescentes sobre la prevención y el control de la sífilis. Método: Estudio metodológico realizado de enero a junio de 2020. Participaron 22 jueces con experiencia en el área de la sífilis con énfasis en la promoción de la salud de los adolescentes, las tecnologías educativas y la validación de instrumentos. Se utilizó un instrumento que tiene variables relacionadas con el contenido, la estructura, la funcionalidad y la relevancia. Se utilizaron el Índice de Validez de Contenido, la Prueba Alfa de Cronbach y el Índice de Legibilidad de Flesch. Resultados: En las tres dimensiones, la media del Índice de Validez de Contenido fue superior a 0,80, lo que valida los contenidos de la aplicación. El Índice de Validez de Conocimiento global de la aplicación fue de 0,86, resultando satisfactorio y permitiendo considerar la aplicación como validada en cuanto a conocimiento y apariencia. En relación con el Alfa de Cronbach total de la aplicación, se obtuvo un valor de 0,94, lo que demuestra una excelente homogeneidad entre las respuestas de los participantes. La prueba de legibilidad reveló que la tecnología se considera de fácil comprensión para el lector. Conclusión: La aplicación móvil se presenta válida en cuanto al contenido y la apariencia, demostrando que es una herramienta tecnológica fiable para ser utilizada por los adolescentes en la educación para la salud sobre la prevención y el control de la sífilis.\u0000 Objetivo: Validar o conteúdo e a aparência de um aplicativo sobre prevenção e controle da sífilis para adolescentes. Método: Estudo metodol","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44540638","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Percepción de la salud en los pacientes durante la pandemia COVID-19","authors":"Lucía Pérez Fernández, F.M. Escandell Rico, L. Maciá Soler","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.529701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.529701","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: To analyze the perception of health in primary care patients of the health department 21 during the COVID-19 epidemic period.Material and Methods: Cross-sectional observational study. Held in the Department of Health 21 (Alicante-Spain) from February 23, 2021, to May 15, 2021. A total of 243 users participated. A semi- structured interview was used, taking as a reference the information from the Valencian Community Health Survey Adapted. The variable result of the perception of health in patients was considered. The inclusion criteria considered 18-year-olds who were served during the COVID-19 pandemic and who wanted to participate in the study.Results: The ages were comprised between 20 and 94, years with an average of 64.55 years (SD 19.97). In the perception of health, we highlight the group of women who reported having a worse health (69%) during the last 12 months and major problems to walk (59.2%). Our results indicate a significant association in the social resources used for the activities of daily life (p<0.001) and teleassistance (p<0.043).Conclusion: On a practical level, if we have an account of life expectancy in the population, associated comorbidities and health care in the pandemic period, we can decide that the perception of health is worse in women. Despite all these factors, satisfaction with health services during the pandemic is satisfactory.\u0000 Objetivo: Analizar la percepción de la salud en los pacientes de atención primaria del departamento de salud 21 durante el período epidémico de la COVID-19.Material y Métodos: Estudio observacional transversal. Realizado en el Departamento de Salud 21 (Alicante-España) en los meses del 23 de febrero de 2021 al 15 de mayo de 2021. Participaron un total de 243 usuarios. Se utilizó una entrevista semiestructurada, tomando como referencia la información del Cuestionario de Salud de la Comunidad Valenciana Adaptado. Se consideró la variable resultado la percepción de la salud en los pacientes. Los criterios de inclusión tomaron en cuenta a personas mayores de 18 años que fueran atendidas durante la pandemia de COVID-19 y que quisieran participar en el estudio.Resultados: Las edades estuvieron comprendidas entre los 20 y 94, años con una media de 64,55 años (DE 19,97). En la percepción de la salud, destacamos el grupo de las mujeres donde refieren tener una peor salud (69%) durante los últimos 12 meses y mayores problemas para caminar (59,2%). Nuestros resultados indican asociación significativa en los recursos sociales utilizados para las actividades de la vida cotidiana (p<0,001) y la teleasistencia (p<0,043). Conclusión: A nivel práctico, si tenemos en cuenta la esperanza de vida en la población, las comorbilidades asociadas y la asistencia sanitaria en el periodo pandémico, podemos decir que la percepción de la salud es peor en las mujeres. A pesar de todos estos factores, la satisfacción con los servicios sanitarios en periodo pandémico es satisfactoria.","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47084055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enfermedades asociadas a la soledad en la persona mayor: un reto social","authors":"M. Valencia-Contrera, Olivia Sanhueza-Alvarado","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.514761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.514761","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Identify pathologies in the elderly associated with loneliness.\u0000Methodology: Secondary research, integrative review type, structured according to Crossetti’s consensus.\u0000Results: After applying descriptors and search strategies, a total of 4,011 articles were identified, after applying filters, inclusion, and exclusion criteria, 27 articles were selected; from these articles 17 corresponded to WoS, 9 to BVS and 1 to PubMed.\u0000Conclusions: The association between loneliness and cognitive impairment, decreased physical fitness, Alzheimer's disease and cardiovascular events is highlighted. It is necessary to establish public policies to prepare people for their future aging process.\u0000 Objetivo: Identificar las patologías en la persona mayor asociadas a la soledad.Metodología: Investigación secundaria, de tipo revisión integrativa, estructurada según consenso de Crossetti. Resultados: Se identificaron tras la aplicación de descriptores y estrategias de búsqueda un total de 4.011 artículos, posterior a la aplicación de filtros, criterios de inclusión y criterios de exclusión quedaron seleccionados 27 artículos, de los cuales 17 corresponden a WOS, 9 a BVS y 1 a PUBMED. Conclusiones: Se destaca la asociación entre soledad y el deterioro cognitivo, disminución del estado físico, enfermedad de Alzheimer y eventos cardiovasculares. Se hace necesario establecer políticas públicas de preparación a las personas para su futuro proceso de envejecimiento.","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44149078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfil clínico e sociodemográfico de usuários com doenças crônicas na atenção primária à saúde","authors":"Tarcísio Tércio das Neves Júnior, Ana Angélica Rêgo de Queiroz, Eloísa Araújo de Carvalho, Carlos Jordão de Assis Silva, Tatiana Maria Nóbrega Elias, Rejane Maria Paiva de Menezes","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.512211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.512211","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: to describe the clinical and sociodemographic life and health profile of users with chronic non-communicable diseases in Primary Health Care. Method: cross-sectional study with 80 users with chronic diseases in Rio Grande do Norte. A validated form was applied between January 2018 and March 2020. The results were analyzed with relative and absolute frequencies and a 95% confidence interval. Results: female users (87.5%), elderly people (51.3%), brown people (53.8%), informal employment (53.75%), incomplete elementary school (62.6%), income greater than one minimum wage (51.3%) prevailed. They were totally dependent on health care from the Unified Health System (93.85%) and were monitored by the Family Health Strategy (91.2%). As for health, the chronic diseases Hypertension (82.5%) and Diabetes Mellitus (56.3%) stood out; however (68.8%) the participants had no history of hospitalization due to a complication of the chronic disease. Conclusion: aging is an important factor for the presence of chronic diseases, including hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Users had unfavorable socioeconomic characteristics, such as low levels of income and education, which can compromise their quality of life and negatively influence the self-care actions. The total dependence on the public health system draws attention, this should direct health actions and strategies to combat and control chronic diseases.\u0000 Objetivo: Describir el perfil clínico y sociodemográfico de vida y salud de los usuarios con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en la Atención Primaria de Salud. Método: Estudio transversal con 80 usuarios con enfermedades crónicas en Rio Grande do Norte. Se aplicó un formulario validado entre enero de 2018 y marzo de 2020. Los resultados se analizaron con frecuencias relativas y absolutas e intervalo de confianza del 95%. Resultados: Prevalecieron las usuarias (87,5%), adulto mayor (51,3%), moreno (53,8%), empleo informal (53,75%), primaria incompleta (62,6%), ingreso superior a un salario mínimo (51,3%), totalmente dependientes de la asistencia del Sistema Único de Salud (93,85%) y fueron monitoreados por la Estrategia Salud de la Familia (91,2%). En cuanto a la salud, se destacaron las enfermedades crónicas Hipertensión Arterial (82,5%) y Diabetes Mellitus (56,3%), sin embargo, (68,8%) no tenían antecedentes de hospitalización por complicación de la enfermedad crónica.Conclusión: El envejecimiento es un factor importante para la presencia de enfermedades crónicas, entre ellas hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus. Los usuarios presentaban características socioeconómicas desfavorables, como bajos niveles de renta y escolaridad, que pueden comprometer su calidad de vida e influir negativamente en las acciones de autocuidado de estos usuarios. Llama la atención la dependencia total del sistema público de salud, este debe orientar las acciones y estrategias de salud para el combate y control de las enfermedades crónicas.\u0000 Objetivo: Descreve","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45543389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evolución del estigma hacia salud mental en especialistas sanitarios en formación en Asturias","authors":"Carla López López, Ana Freijeiro Llorca, María Esther Arbesú Fernández","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.525701","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.525701","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Several studies have analysed social stigma among medical and nurse students or health care workers towards people with mental disorders. However, there is no evidence of social stigma training in residents during their specialised health training (FSE). Objective: This study aims to evaluate social stigma in residents in clinical specialities, the “anti-stigma” training during their residency, and its influence on the beliefs and attitudes they had in the first and last year of specialisation.Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional descriptive study in a sample of 250 residents of nursing, medicine, and clinical psychology: 141 in the first year of speciality and 109 in the last year, selected by random sampling proportional to the total number of residents in each year. The CAMI-S scale was used to measure social stigma, and a self-made questionnaire was used for sociodemographic variables. Both were created in the FORMS app and sent via email. The mean and standard deviation (SD) were obtained for “integration and contact”, “social distance”, “dangerousness and avoidance”, and overall stigma. Overall score for no stigma was between 80-100.Results: Response rate of 57.6%: 72.2% women, 64.6% 23-28 years old, 54.2% in the first year, 51.4% medical specialisation and 29.9% nursing. Only 20.1% had received “anti-stigma” training. Overall mean stigma of 86.7 (SD=8.5); 87.3 (SD=7.9) in the first year and 86.1 (SD=9.1) in the last year (P=0.398); 90.0 (SD=8.2) if they received training and 86.1 (SD=8.4) if they did not (p=0.027).Conclusions: Overall scores favourable to \"anti-stigma\" were obtained for people both in their first and last year of specialty. When there was \"anti-stigma\" training during residency, the results were even more favourable. It would therefore be beneficial to include content on \"anti-stigma\" in residency training programmes.\u0000 Introducción: Diversos estudios analizaron el estigma en estudiantes o en profesionales sanitarios hacia personas con enfermedades mentales. Sin embargo, no hay evidencia que lo estudie en residentes en Formación Sanitaria Especializada (FSE). Objetivo: Este trabajo pretende evaluar el grado de estigma de residentes en especialidades clínicas, la formación recibida en materia «antiestigma» durante la residencia y su influencia sobre las creencias y actitudes que tenían en el primer y último año de la especialidad. Material y métodos: Diseño descriptivo transversal en una muestra de 250 residentes de enfermería, medicina y psicología clínica: 141 en el primer año de especialidad y 109 en el último, seleccionados por muestreo aleatorio proporcional al total de residentes en cada año. Para medir el estigma se utilizó la escala CAMI-S y para las variables sociodemográficas un cuestionario de elaboración propia. Ambos se crearon en la aplicación FORMS y se enviaron por correo electrónico. Se obtuvo la media y desviación estándar (DE) en «Integración y contacto», «Distancia social», «Peligrosidad","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71331093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Propuesta de diagnóstico de enfermería: riesgo de negativa a la vacunación","authors":"Francisco Puche Louzán, María Lourdes Cantero González","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.529411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.529411","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Vaccination is, nowadays, the best tool for the prevention of diseases in public health, avoiding, thanks to it, around 2 to 3 million deaths annually. However, anti-vaccine movements and their growth put public health at risk, being Nursing one of the most important pieces in the fight against these groups and misinformation. Objective: To elaborate a diagnosis proposal that registers the susceptibility to the appearance of vaccination refusal. Methodology: A bibliographic search was carried out in different databases (LILACS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane and Scopus) to support the creation of the diagnosis on the most recent scientific evidence and with the highest level of quality. Results: We propose the creation of the diagnosis \"Risk of refusal of vaccination\", whose definition is \"susceptible to refuse immunization against communicable and/or fatal diseases, putting the user's health and public health at risk\". Discussion: within Taxonomy II, is included in Domain 11, safety/protection, and in class 5, defensive processes. Conclusions: In the absence of a Nursing diagnosis related to vaccination, a process in which nurses play an active role, and in the face of the threat posed by anti-vaccine movements, the diagnosis Risk of refusal of vaccination represents an important advance in the body of nursing knowledge.\u0000 Introducción: La vacunación es, en la actualidad, la mejor herramienta para la prevención de enfermedades en salud pública, evitándose, gracias a la misma, alrededor de entre 2 y 3 millones de defunciones anualmente. No obstante, los movimientos antivacunas y su crecimiento ponen en riesgo la salud de la comunidad, siendo Enfermería una de las piezas más importantes en la lucha frente a estos movimientos y a la desinformación. Objetivo: Elaborar una propuesta de diagnóstico enfermero que registre la susceptibilidad de aparición del rechazo a la vacunación. Metodología: Se llevó a cabo una búsqueda bibliográfica en diferentes bases de datos (LILACS, ScienceDirect, PubMed, Cochrane y Scopus) para sustentar la propuesta de diagnóstico en la evidencia científica más reciente y con el más alto nivel de calidad. Resultados: Se propone la creación del diagnóstico “Riesgo de negativa a la vacunación”, cuya definición es “susceptible de rechazar la inmunización frente a enfermedades transmisibles y/o mortales, poniendo en riesgo la salud del usuario y la salud pública”. Discusión: Dentro de la Taxonomía II, este diagnóstico quedaría enmarcado en el Dominio 11, seguridad/protección, y a la clase 5, procesos defensivos. Conclusiones: Al no existir un diagnóstico de Enfermería relacionado con la vacunación, proceso en el que las enfermeras desempeñan un papel activo, y ante la amenaza que suponen los movimientos antivacunas, el diagnóstico Riesgo de negativa a la vacunación supone un importante avance en el cuerpo de conocimientos enfermero.","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45179763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluación de la atención primaria durante la pandemia por COVID-19, en una región del Perú","authors":"Bladimir Becerra-Canales","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.521201","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.521201","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Primary care attention is the fundamental pillar of an effective health system; a failure to comply with its essential attributes could contribute to the collapse of the health systems in the event of pandemics.Objective: To evaluate the compliance of the primary attention’s attributes and its associated factors, according to the external user’s perspective in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic in a Peruvian region.Method: Cross-sectional study, which included 1064 randomly selected external users. Also, the sociodemographic and health characteristics were collected using the survey. And the compliance of the primary care attributes was valued using the modified version of the PCAT-A10 instrument. Finally, a descriptive and multivariate analysis was performed using generalized linear models of the Poisson family to evaluate certain factors associated with noncompliance with the attributes of primary care. Results: 76.6% of the participants perceive that the essential basic attributes are not met; likewise, in the first contact (74.7%), continuity (87.7%), coordination (95.7%), globality (88.3%) and cultural competence (75.9%). The student condition (p<0,001), self-perception of regular health (p=0.010), adult from 30 to 59 years old (p<0.001), and the condition of users of Subtanjalla (p=0.001), Parcona (p<0.001) and Guadalupe (p<0.001) health centers were associated with a greater perception of non-compliance with the attributes of primary health care.Conclusions: From the external user’s perspective the essential attributes are met in primary care centers; there are factors associated with a greater probability of perceiving that these attributes are not met.\u0000 Introducción: La atención primaria es el pilar fundamental de un sistema de salud efectivo; el incumplimiento de los atributos esenciales podría contribuir al colapso de los sistemas de salud en eventuales pandemias. Objetivo: Evaluar el cumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria y sus factores asociados, según perspectiva del usuario externo en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19, en una región del Perú. Método: Estudio transversal, que incluyó 1064 usuarios externos, seleccionados aleatoriamente. Utilizando la Encuesta se recogieron características sociodemográficas y de salud. El cumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria fue valorado con la versión modificada del instrumento PCAT-A10. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo y multivariado mediante modelos lineales generalizados de la familia Poisson para evaluar ciertos factores asociados al incumplimiento de los atributos de la atención primaria. Resultados: De los participantes, el 76,6% perciben que los atributos básicos esenciales se incumplen; asimismo, en el primer contacto (74,7%), continuidad (87,8%), coordinación (95,7%), globalidad (88,3%) y competencia cultural (75,9%). La condición de estudiante (p<0,001), autopercepción de salud regular (p=0,010), adulto de 30 a 59 años (p<0,001) y la ","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46661063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Estado nutricional y estrategias de soporte nutricional en cuidado intensivo pediátrico Cali-Colombia","authors":"Luis Alexander Lovera Montilla, Mónica Cáceres Villota","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.512081","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.512081","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hospital malnutrition is the result of the conjugation between nutritional alterations generated by the underlying pathology and nutritional risk factors given by hospitalization. It is one of the main complications and the main cause of increased morbidity and mortality in pediatric intensive care units. Objective: to describe the nutritional status and nutritional support strategies used in a pediatric intensive care unit. Materials and Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out, using convenience sampling in 30 children hospitalized in a pediatric intensive care unit. Univariate and bivariate analysis was performed, based on the theoretical model proposed by the nursing theorist Virginia Henderson. Results: 70% of the children were admitted with pathologies that generate a high risk of malnutrition, 43% were admitted with depleted nutritional status, 97% had nutritional support early, 87% of the children received caloric intake adequate to their needs, 6% of the children presented malnutrition during hospitalization, these results allowed the assessment of the need to eat and drink in children. Conclusions: Biological factors such as admission pathologies, previous nutritional status, and age, represented a negative influence on the satisfaction of the need to eat and drink in the children in the study and, therefore, on the risk of hospital malnutrition.\u0000 Introducción: La desnutrición hospitalaria es el resultado de la conjugación entre las alteraciones nutricionales generadas por la patología de base y los factores de riesgo nutricional dados por la hospitalización. Constituye una de las principales complicaciones y principal causa del aumento de la morbimortalidad en las unidades de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Objetivo: Describir el estado nutricional y las estrategias de soporte nutricional utilizadas en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio de tipo descriptivo con corte transversal, se utilizó un muestreo por conveniencia en 30 niños hospitalizados en una unidad de cuidado intensivo pediátrico. Se realizó un análisis univariado y bivariado, a partir del modelo teórico planteado por la teórica de enfermería Virginia Henderson, Resultados: 70% de los niños ingresaron con patologías que generan alto riesgo de desnutrición, el 43% ingresaron con depleción del estado nutricional, 97% contaban con soporte nutricional temprano, 87% de los niños recibieron aporte calórico adecuado a las necesidades, 6% de los niños presentó desnutrición durante la hospitalización, estos resultados permitieron realizar la valoración de la necesidad de comer y beber en los niños. Conclusiones: Factores biológicos como las patologías de ingreso, el estado nutricional previo y la edad, representaron una influencia negativa sobre la satisfacción de la necesidad de comer y beber en los niños del estudio y, por lo tanto, sobre el riesgo de padecer desnutrición hospitalaria.","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42864204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Occurrence and factors associated with postpartum depression in the urban area of Brazil","authors":"Marciana Fernandes Moll, A. Matos, Giovanna Beirigo Borges, C. Ventura, Fabiana Critina Pires Bernardinelli, Tayná da Silva Martins","doi":"10.6018/eglobal.525191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.525191","url":null,"abstract":"Aiming to track postpartum depression among women followed in Primary Health Care, a sociodemographic questionnaire and the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale were applied to 123 postpartum women between the second week and the sixth month after delivery. The frequency of postpartum depression in the sample was determined, and its association with sociodemographic variables was assessed using the chi-square test. Probable postpartum depression was identified in 19.51% of the participants, and this condition was associated with age group (36 to 44 years), age of the baby (4 or 6 months), marital status (divorced), low income and there was no association with maternal schooling. Thus, postpartum depression needs to be investigated in primary health care, paying attention to sociodemographic and individual aspects. These aspects need to be valued by nurses, who must establish a comprehensive care plan from prenatal care, to prevent this frequent puerperal disorder.\u0000 Con el objetivo de rastrear la depresión pos parto entre las mujeres em Atención Primaria de Salud, se aplicó un cuestionario sociodemográfico y la Escala de Depresión Postnatal de Edimburgo a 123 puérperas entre la segunda semana y el sexto mes después del parto. Se determinó la frecuencia de depresión pos parto en la muestra y se evaluó su asociación con variables sociodemográficas mediante la prueba de chi-cuadrado. Se identifico depresión posparto probable en el 19,51% de las participantes, y esta condición se asoció con el grupo de edad (36 a 44 años), edad del bebé (4 o 6 meses), estado civil (divorciada), bajos ingresos y no había asociación con la escolarización materna. Por lo tanto, la depresión del parto necesita ser investigada en la atención primaria de salud, prestando atención a los aspectos sociodemográficos e individuales. Estos aspectos necesitan ser valorados por las enfermeras, qui deben establecer un plan de cuidados integral desde el prenatal, para prevenir este frecuente trastorno puerperal.\u0000 Com o objetivo de avaliar a ocorrência de depressão pós-parto e alguns fatores sociodemográficos associados, entre mulheres acompanhadas na Atenção Primária à Saúde, um questionário sociodemográfico e a Escala de Depressão Pós-parto de Edimburgo foram aplicados a 123 puérperas entre a segunda semana e o sexto mês após o parto. A frequência de depressão pós-parto na amostra foi determinada e sua associação com variáveis sociodemográficas foi avaliada por meio do teste do qui-quadrado. A provável depressão pós-parto foi identificada em 19,51% das participantes, e essa condição foi associada à faixa etária (36 a 44 anos), idade do bebê (4 ou 6 meses), estado civil (divorciado), baixa renda e não houve associação com a escolaridade materna. Assim, a depressão pós-parto precisa ser investigada na atenção primária à saúde, atentando para os aspectos sociodemográficos e individuais. Esses aspectos precisam ser valorizados pelo enfermeiro, que deve estabelecer um plano assistencial ","PeriodicalId":41803,"journal":{"name":"Areas-Revista Internacional de Ciencias Sociales","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46299336","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}