{"title":"Linguistic Variation and Change in the Portuguese of São Tomé","authors":"Marie-Eve Bouchard","doi":"10.5334/JPL.192","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.192","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43711106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The edited volume, Intonation in Romance, comprises eleven chapters: nine content chapters summarise the results of detailed prosodic analysis of intonation patterns across varieties of a particular Romance language, and are framed by an introduction and conclusion by the editors. The languages treated include those whose intonation systems have received much attention (Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish), alongside less-studied languages (Friulian, Occitan, Romanian and Sardinian). All chapters used the same methods of data collection and analysis: parallel data across languages was elicited with a common set of dialogue completion tasks; intonation patterns in the data are analysed on the basis of a shared implementation of the Tone and Break Indices (ToBI) model of prosodic annotation, within the Autosegmental-Metrical framework. These shared methods inform direct comparison of Romance intonation patterns and systems, within and across languages, to identify the scope and potential causes of variation, as well as avenues for future research.
{"title":"Review of Intonation in Romance, by Sónia Frota and Pilar Prieto (Eds.). Oxford: Oxford University Press","authors":"Sam Hellmuth","doi":"10.5334/JPL.194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.194","url":null,"abstract":"The edited volume, Intonation in Romance, comprises eleven chapters: nine content chapters summarise the results of detailed prosodic analysis of intonation patterns across varieties of a particular Romance language, and are framed by an introduction and conclusion by the editors. The languages treated include those whose intonation systems have received much attention (Catalan, French, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish), alongside less-studied languages (Friulian, Occitan, Romanian and Sardinian). All chapters used the same methods of data collection and analysis: parallel data across languages was elicited with a common set of dialogue completion tasks; intonation patterns in the data are analysed on the basis of a shared implementation of the Tone and Break Indices (ToBI) model of prosodic annotation, within the Autosegmental-Metrical framework. These shared methods inform direct comparison of Romance intonation patterns and systems, within and across languages, to identify the scope and potential causes of variation, as well as avenues for future research.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43178133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spanish was classified as a language that only exploits syntactic mechanisms to mark focus. Recent experimental studies, nonetheless, have shown that speakers of different dialects are also able to use prosody to different degrees. This study aims to provide further understanding on the role played by prosody in the realization of focus in Spanish by looking at Asturian Spanish, a dialect in contact with another Romance language, Asturian. The data from a contextualized sentence completion task revealed that a phonological distinction between specific pitch categories (L+
{"title":"The Realization of Focus in Asturian Spanish","authors":"Covadonga Sánchez-Alvarado","doi":"10.5334/JPL.176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.176","url":null,"abstract":"Spanish was classified as a language that only exploits syntactic mechanisms to mark focus. Recent experimental studies, nonetheless, have shown that speakers of different dialects are also able to use prosody to different degrees. This study aims to provide further understanding on the role played by prosody in the realization of focus in Spanish by looking at Asturian Spanish, a dialect in contact with another Romance language, Asturian. The data from a contextualized sentence completion task revealed that a phonological distinction between specific pitch categories (L+","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42481048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Review of Romance Languages and Linguistic Theory 12. Selected Papers from the 45th Linguistic Symposium on Romance Languages (LSRL), Campinas, Brazil, edited by Ruth E. V. Lopes, Juanito Ornelas de Avelar and Sonia M. L. Cyrino (2017). Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company","authors":"Anabela Gonçalves","doi":"10.5334/jpl.210","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/jpl.210","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138529399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study presents the acquisition of the tonic and pre-tonic vowels in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) by three children aged from 1;0 to 3;5, assuming the Contrastive Hierarchy Theory (CHT) (Dresher 2003, 2009). We address three issues regarding acquisition within the CHT: variability, phonological processes and restructuring. Results indicate that children may take different paths in acquiring segmental phonology and restructure their built structure if it does not account for the phonological processes found in the language they are exposed to.
{"title":"The Acquisition of Tonic and Pre-Tonic Vowels in Brazilian Portuguese","authors":"Graziela Pigatto Bohn","doi":"10.5334/JPL.184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.184","url":null,"abstract":"This study presents the acquisition of the tonic and pre-tonic vowels in Brazilian Portuguese (BP) by three children aged from 1;0 to 3;5, assuming the Contrastive Hierarchy Theory (CHT) (Dresher 2003, 2009). We address three issues regarding acquisition within the CHT: variability, phonological processes and restructuring. Results indicate that children may take different paths in acquiring segmental phonology and restructure their built structure if it does not account for the phonological processes found in the language they are exposed to.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43761862","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This volume, part of the series Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax, contains fourteen chapters, in addition to a foreword by the editors. It is devoted to the formal analysis of different aspects of American varieties of Portuguese and Spanish, while presenting their innovations with respect to their European counterparts. The papers collected have been presented at a meeting of the Romania Nova project and represent a wide range of topics in syntax, including null subjects and objects, complex predicates, clitics, and operator-variable constructions, besides one paper on morphology (truncated nominals). They explore these themes according to different theoretical assumptions and methodological tools.
{"title":"Review of The Morphosyntax of Portuguese and Spanish in Latin America, by Mary A. Kato and Francisco Ordóñez (Eds.). New York: Oxford University Press","authors":"Aroldo Leal de Andrade","doi":"10.5334/JPL.186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.186","url":null,"abstract":"This volume, part of the series Oxford Studies in Comparative Syntax, contains fourteen chapters, in addition to a foreword by the editors. It is devoted to the formal analysis of different aspects of American varieties of Portuguese and Spanish, while presenting their innovations with respect to their European counterparts. The papers collected have been presented at a meeting of the Romania Nova project and represent a wide range of topics in syntax, including null subjects and objects, complex predicates, clitics, and operator-variable constructions, besides one paper on morphology (truncated nominals). They explore these themes according to different theoretical assumptions and methodological tools.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44250985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The first part of this article investigates the distribution and emergence of front rounded vowels (FRV) in the Portuguese dialect spoken on the Azorean island of Sao Miguel in light of data taken from the Ethnolinguistic Atlas of the Azores (ALEAc). The analysis confirms previous findings about the distribution of FRV. Additionally, the ALEAc shows that this phenomenon spreads beyond the well-known contexts of stressed positions. FRV also occur in unstressed syllables and the mid-front rounded vowel [o] alternates with its diphthongised counterparts [oj] and [ow]. This alternation calls for a reflection about the historical and articulatory background of [o] in Portuguese dialects. The extensive use of FRV opens up further research perspectives in terms of the sociolinguistic significance of the phenomenon. The second part of this article focuses on the sociohistorical background of the emergence of FRV in Portuguese dialects. The concept of the feature pool provides a framework for the processes of feature selection in a situation of linguistic contacts such as those preceding the settlement period of the Azores and subsequent contact on the islands. A combination of three different concepts of markedness helps understand why a highly unusual feature like FRV emerged and persists until today.
{"title":"Front rounded vowels in Azorean Portuguese: A reappraisal","authors":"P. Krämer","doi":"10.5334/JPL.179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.179","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of this article investigates the distribution and emergence of front rounded vowels (FRV) in the Portuguese dialect spoken on the Azorean island of Sao Miguel in light of data taken from the Ethnolinguistic Atlas of the Azores (ALEAc). The analysis confirms previous findings about the distribution of FRV. Additionally, the ALEAc shows that this phenomenon spreads beyond the well-known contexts of stressed positions. FRV also occur in unstressed syllables and the mid-front rounded vowel [o] alternates with its diphthongised counterparts [oj] and [ow]. This alternation calls for a reflection about the historical and articulatory background of [o] in Portuguese dialects. The extensive use of FRV opens up further research perspectives in terms of the sociolinguistic significance of the phenomenon. The second part of this article focuses on the sociohistorical background of the emergence of FRV in Portuguese dialects. The concept of the feature pool provides a framework for the processes of feature selection in a situation of linguistic contacts such as those preceding the settlement period of the Azores and subsequent contact on the islands. A combination of three different concepts of markedness helps understand why a highly unusual feature like FRV emerged and persists until today.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-07-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46381789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This paper discusses the syntax of relative clauses in European Portuguese (EP) by focussing on the status of the relativizer que in restrictive and appositive relative clauses. We propose a unified account of que in terms of a D-element and discuss the syntactic implications of this assumption for an adequate analysis of relative clauses in EP. We assume that relative que has properties of demonstrative and interrogative determiners. In restrictive object and subject relative clauses, que occurs as a transitive determiner [ DP que [ NP e]], which selects for a nominal complement, whereas in prepositional and appositive relative clauses, [ DP que] is an intransitive determiner parallel to an e-type pronoun. We discuss the position of restrictive relative clauses in the DP containing the modified noun, and propose that they are merged pre-nominally, in the same fashion as demonstratives.
{"title":"The Syntax of Relative Clauses in European Portuguese. Extending the Determiner Hypothesis of Relativizers to Relative que","authors":"E. Rinke, Elisabeth Aßmann","doi":"10.5334/JPL.172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.172","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses the syntax of relative clauses in European Portuguese (EP) by focussing on the status of the relativizer que in restrictive and appositive relative clauses. We propose a unified account of que in terms of a D-element and discuss the syntactic implications of this assumption for an adequate analysis of relative clauses in EP. We assume that relative que has properties of demonstrative and interrogative determiners. In restrictive object and subject relative clauses, que occurs as a transitive determiner [ DP que [ NP e]], which selects for a nominal complement, whereas in prepositional and appositive relative clauses, [ DP que] is an intransitive determiner parallel to an e-type pronoun. We discuss the position of restrictive relative clauses in the DP containing the modified noun, and propose that they are merged pre-nominally, in the same fashion as demonstratives.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48377647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
From Latin to Spanish and Portuguese, the natural class of sonorant consonants – laterals, rhotics, and nasals – often underwent drastic phonological changes. It is noteworthy that the tendency toward dissimilation, in accordance with Dispersion Theory (Flemming 1996; 1997; 2006), effected opposite changes in intervocalic /l/ and /n/. Portuguese favored geminate simplification and singleton lenition (Lief 2006; Malkiel & Alessandri Teixeira 1985), whereas Spanish tended toward geminate palatalization and singleton retention (Lloyd 1987). This study is an expansion of Holt (2007) and presents a diachronic and contrastive analysis of the evolution of intervocalic /l lː n nː/ from Latin to Spanish and Portuguese.
{"title":"An Optimality–theoretic Account of the Evolution of Intervocalic Sonorants from Latin to Spanish and Portuguese","authors":"L. Graham","doi":"10.5334/JPL.175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.175","url":null,"abstract":"From Latin to Spanish and Portuguese, the natural class of sonorant consonants – laterals, rhotics, and nasals – often underwent drastic phonological changes. It is noteworthy that the tendency toward dissimilation, in accordance with Dispersion Theory (Flemming 1996; 1997; 2006), effected opposite changes in intervocalic /l/ and /n/. Portuguese favored geminate simplification and singleton lenition (Lief 2006; Malkiel & Alessandri Teixeira 1985), whereas Spanish tended toward geminate palatalization and singleton retention (Lloyd 1987). This study is an expansion of Holt (2007) and presents a diachronic and contrastive analysis of the evolution of intervocalic /l lː n nː/ from Latin to Spanish and Portuguese.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42649642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impersonal verb custar (lit. ‘cost’) in European Portuguese selects for a dative experiencer argument and an infinitival clause, which may be preceded by the preposition a . Interestingly, a reflexive clitic co-referential with the experiencer argument can be deleted (under conditions to be specified) if it is within the prepositional infinitival complement, but not within its prepositionless counterpart. We argue that the presence of the preposition a preceding the infinitival complement of custar correlates with obligatory control and show how deletion of reflexive clitics within the prepositional infinitivals can be captured under the movement theory of control ( MTC ; see e.g. Hornstein 1991, 2001; Boeckx, Hornstein and Nunes 2010). More specifically, we show that if the infinitival subject is a deleted copy left by the “controller”, this copy can trigger deletion of the reflexive clitic as a way to satisfy a superficial ban on morphologically identical clitics in a local domain.
{"title":"Deletion of Reflexive Clitics with the Verb Custar in European Portuguese: An MTC Account","authors":"A. Martins, Jairo Nunes","doi":"10.5334/JPL.181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5334/JPL.181","url":null,"abstract":"The impersonal verb custar (lit. ‘cost’) in European Portuguese selects for a dative experiencer argument and an infinitival clause, which may be preceded by the preposition a . Interestingly, a reflexive clitic co-referential with the experiencer argument can be deleted (under conditions to be specified) if it is within the prepositional infinitival complement, but not within its prepositionless counterpart. We argue that the presence of the preposition a preceding the infinitival complement of custar correlates with obligatory control and show how deletion of reflexive clitics within the prepositional infinitivals can be captured under the movement theory of control ( MTC ; see e.g. Hornstein 1991, 2001; Boeckx, Hornstein and Nunes 2010). More specifically, we show that if the infinitival subject is a deleted copy left by the “controller”, this copy can trigger deletion of the reflexive clitic as a way to satisfy a superficial ban on morphologically identical clitics in a local domain.","PeriodicalId":41871,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Portuguese Linguistics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2017-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47865637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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