Pub Date : 2022-05-30DOI: 10.1177/03769836221096282
Nalini Singh
This study is based on an interesting debate between the British authorities and the Indian nationalists over the issues of frequent famines during the colonial period in India. The British officials largely emphasised the role of deficient rainfall behind the occurrence of famines. But the Indian nationalists saw these famines as an impact of the colonial policies like unequal redistribution of the food-grains available in the local markets as a trade item which led to the rise in prices of food grains and made it beyond the reach of the masses. In the nationalist approach, the man-made scarcity of food grains and the price rise of the same were the main reasons behind the famines. However, some British surveyors argued that the unplanned destruction and conservation of the forests for the capital accumulation not only led to irregular rainfall pattern which gradually affected agricultural output but also deprived the local masses from the benefits of forests especially during the famine period. Thus, the present article takes up some of the issues like rainfall pattern, deforestation, food grain production and grain trade to understand the occurrence of famines in the region of Awadh soon after the direct British rule over India since 1858, mainly using the official data of nineteenth century along with the secondary works.
{"title":"Grain Trade, Climate Change and Famines: A Study of Awadh from c. 1858–1900","authors":"Nalini Singh","doi":"10.1177/03769836221096282","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836221096282","url":null,"abstract":"This study is based on an interesting debate between the British authorities and the Indian nationalists over the issues of frequent famines during the colonial period in India. The British officials largely emphasised the role of deficient rainfall behind the occurrence of famines. But the Indian nationalists saw these famines as an impact of the colonial policies like unequal redistribution of the food-grains available in the local markets as a trade item which led to the rise in prices of food grains and made it beyond the reach of the masses. In the nationalist approach, the man-made scarcity of food grains and the price rise of the same were the main reasons behind the famines. However, some British surveyors argued that the unplanned destruction and conservation of the forests for the capital accumulation not only led to irregular rainfall pattern which gradually affected agricultural output but also deprived the local masses from the benefits of forests especially during the famine period. Thus, the present article takes up some of the issues like rainfall pattern, deforestation, food grain production and grain trade to understand the occurrence of famines in the region of Awadh soon after the direct British rule over India since 1858, mainly using the official data of nineteenth century along with the secondary works.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"24 1","pages":"122 - 142"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74787227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-27DOI: 10.1177/03769836221096230
Nagendra Rao
The village communities of Goa, like their counterparts in Karnataka, performed an important function. They provided the spiritual and material bases for the process of state formation. The kings selected the Brahmanas as the spiritual and secular beneficiaries and gave land grants to them. On the one hand, they went a long a way in legitimising the position of the king and creating a material basis essential for state formation, a continuous process that involved not only political but also socio-economic processes. Land grants to the Brahmanas ensured social stability and order as the Brahmanas could provide the spiritual strength to the king and encourage the Sudra peasants to respect the state orders. On the other hand, they ensured agricultural production and maintenance of the irrigational projects. Interestingly, the Portuguese continued the policy of the Hindu kings by establishing a close relationship with the Brahmanas, at least in the initial years of their rule. This article shows the spiritual and material bases of the village communities of Goa. It contends that along with the process of state formation in Goa, there was an increase in the number of village communities.
{"title":"The State, Village Communities and the Brahmanas in Goa (1000–1600 ce)","authors":"Nagendra Rao","doi":"10.1177/03769836221096230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836221096230","url":null,"abstract":"The village communities of Goa, like their counterparts in Karnataka, performed an important function. They provided the spiritual and material bases for the process of state formation. The kings selected the Brahmanas as the spiritual and secular beneficiaries and gave land grants to them. On the one hand, they went a long a way in legitimising the position of the king and creating a material basis essential for state formation, a continuous process that involved not only political but also socio-economic processes. Land grants to the Brahmanas ensured social stability and order as the Brahmanas could provide the spiritual strength to the king and encourage the Sudra peasants to respect the state orders. On the other hand, they ensured agricultural production and maintenance of the irrigational projects. Interestingly, the Portuguese continued the policy of the Hindu kings by establishing a close relationship with the Brahmanas, at least in the initial years of their rule. This article shows the spiritual and material bases of the village communities of Goa. It contends that along with the process of state formation in Goa, there was an increase in the number of village communities.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"94 1","pages":"51 - 68"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89898256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-27DOI: 10.1177/03769836221097195
Ramakant Mishra
After discovery of the Pāḍariyā pillar inscription in 1896, it has been generally believed that the spot of Buddha’s birth was situated very close to the location of that inscribed pillar. It is because the inscription contains the words, ‘here was born Buddha, the Sakyamuni’. Furthermore, it has been believed that this inscription was meant to record the pilgrimage of King Aśoka to Lumbinī. Actually, these beliefs are the result of wrong interpretation of the inscription. Moreover, Pāḍariyā differs in respect of many vital points from the narratives of Lumbinī’s location, which are found in the travel accounts of the Chinese Pilgrims and in Buddhist scriptures. These clearly indicate that the identification of Pāḍariyā with Lumbinī was a mistake. Śrāvastī district or Kośala has been described by Fa-hien as a country of Mid-India. This means that Kapilavastu, situated about 100 miles southeast of śrāvastī, should also be in Mid-India. Many Buddhist texts too describe Kapilavastu as being situated in Kośala and in Mid-India. If Kapilavastu was situated in Mid-India and at the same time was situated in the country of Kośala, then it means that it was situated in the Kośala of Mid-India. Out of the two Kośalas which existed in the past, North and South, it is South-Kośala which was situated in Mid-India. This forms the basis of the hypothesis that Kapilavastu should have been situated in South-Kośala region. This South-Kośala hypothesis leads to entirely new places, Kapilabhata and Limpara, being proposed to be identified with Kapilavastu and Lumbinī.
{"title":"The True Location of Kapilavastu","authors":"Ramakant Mishra","doi":"10.1177/03769836221097195","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836221097195","url":null,"abstract":"After discovery of the Pāḍariyā pillar inscription in 1896, it has been generally believed that the spot of Buddha’s birth was situated very close to the location of that inscribed pillar. It is because the inscription contains the words, ‘here was born Buddha, the Sakyamuni’. Furthermore, it has been believed that this inscription was meant to record the pilgrimage of King Aśoka to Lumbinī. Actually, these beliefs are the result of wrong interpretation of the inscription. Moreover, Pāḍariyā differs in respect of many vital points from the narratives of Lumbinī’s location, which are found in the travel accounts of the Chinese Pilgrims and in Buddhist scriptures. These clearly indicate that the identification of Pāḍariyā with Lumbinī was a mistake. Śrāvastī district or Kośala has been described by Fa-hien as a country of Mid-India. This means that Kapilavastu, situated about 100 miles southeast of śrāvastī, should also be in Mid-India. Many Buddhist texts too describe Kapilavastu as being situated in Kośala and in Mid-India. If Kapilavastu was situated in Mid-India and at the same time was situated in the country of Kośala, then it means that it was situated in the Kośala of Mid-India. Out of the two Kośalas which existed in the past, North and South, it is South-Kośala which was situated in Mid-India. This forms the basis of the hypothesis that Kapilavastu should have been situated in South-Kośala region. This South-Kośala hypothesis leads to entirely new places, Kapilabhata and Limpara, being proposed to be identified with Kapilavastu and Lumbinī.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"235 1","pages":"7 - 25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75939362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-22DOI: 10.1177/03769836221096222
Mahesh Sharma
The sultans of Gujarat tried to transform the landscape by planting native and exotic trees and introducing gardens on the perceived Central-Asian Khorasan style to underpin their control over the acquired or conquered territory and its nature-landscape. After the founding of Ahmedabad, gardens within the religious and secular architecture came up all over the city. The foliage and gardens were hugely admired by the travellers passing by the city. Perusing their travelogues, we navigate the changing landscape and the green spaces of Ahmedabad over a period of time. While constructing the history of gardens in Ahmedabad, this article reflects on the future sustainability of the city if the culture of nature and environment-sensitive values are not inculcated and promoted.
{"title":"Shrinking Greens: Travellers’ Account of the Heritage Gardens of Ahmedabad—1400–2016","authors":"Mahesh Sharma","doi":"10.1177/03769836221096222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836221096222","url":null,"abstract":"The sultans of Gujarat tried to transform the landscape by planting native and exotic trees and introducing gardens on the perceived Central-Asian Khorasan style to underpin their control over the acquired or conquered territory and its nature-landscape. After the founding of Ahmedabad, gardens within the religious and secular architecture came up all over the city. The foliage and gardens were hugely admired by the travellers passing by the city. Perusing their travelogues, we navigate the changing landscape and the green spaces of Ahmedabad over a period of time. While constructing the history of gardens in Ahmedabad, this article reflects on the future sustainability of the city if the culture of nature and environment-sensitive values are not inculcated and promoted.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"34 1","pages":"69 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88859723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.1177/03769836211052092
Manorama Upadhyaya
Sabita Singh, The Politics of Marriage in Medieval India: Gender and Alliance in Rajasthan, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, xiii + 292 pp., ₹1,195, ISBN: 9780199491453.
{"title":"Book review: Sabita Singh, The Politics of Marriage in Medieval India: Gender and Alliance in Rajasthan","authors":"Manorama Upadhyaya","doi":"10.1177/03769836211052092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211052092","url":null,"abstract":"Sabita Singh, The Politics of Marriage in Medieval India: Gender and Alliance in Rajasthan, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, xiii + 292 pp., ₹1,195, ISBN: 9780199491453.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"10 1","pages":"353 - 356"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81921348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.1177/03769836211052086
Dhrub Kumar Singh
Pankaj Jha, Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, 304 pp., ₹1,095, ISBN: 9780199489558.
{"title":"Book review: Pankaj Jha, Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century","authors":"Dhrub Kumar Singh","doi":"10.1177/03769836211052086","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211052086","url":null,"abstract":"Pankaj Jha, Political History of Literature: Vidyapati and the Fifteenth Century, Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2019, 304 pp., ₹1,095, ISBN: 9780199489558.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"573 1","pages":"351 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77079042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.1177/03769836211013589
H. Thakur
Urbanisation has been studied almost from the middle of twentieth century by historians, archaeologists, anthropologists, sociologists and city planners who have interpreted it variously. An urban centre would engage with specific functions particularly with regard to the hinterland. In urbanisation comparatively small settlements and simple communities develop into specialised centres and complex societies. As the process of urbanisation is examined from an archaeological or historical viewpoint, the major parameters frequently applied to situate urbanisation are location and size of settlements, large structures, art, writing and standardised medium of exchange. The issue of urbanisation has been studied in detail with respect to Northern India as compared to Deccan and particularly Karnataka. Sannati (Taluk Chittapur, district Gulbarga) in North Karnataka is the main site of investigation. It is a Maurya-Satavahana settlement with some remains belonging to the megalithic Iron Age. Sannati and the nearby settlements of Kanaganahalli are rich in Buddhist structures, sculptures and other antiquities. The author has made an effort to understand if the early historic material culture showed maturity when compared with the antecedent cultures. How did the external powers, such as Mauryas and the Satavahanas influence local development? Did the socio-political order meet the benchmarks of urbanisation? The author in this study has tried to locate urban contours in North Karnataka, especially at Sannati even when compared with other urban landscapes in northern India and the Deccan.
{"title":"Urbanisation at Sannati (c. 300 bc–c. 300 ad): An Early Historic Buddhist Settlement in North Karnataka, India. A Comparative Perspective","authors":"H. Thakur","doi":"10.1177/03769836211013589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211013589","url":null,"abstract":"Urbanisation has been studied almost from the middle of twentieth century by historians, archaeologists, anthropologists, sociologists and city planners who have interpreted it variously. An urban centre would engage with specific functions particularly with regard to the hinterland. In urbanisation comparatively small settlements and simple communities develop into specialised centres and complex societies. As the process of urbanisation is examined from an archaeological or historical viewpoint, the major parameters frequently applied to situate urbanisation are location and size of settlements, large structures, art, writing and standardised medium of exchange. The issue of urbanisation has been studied in detail with respect to Northern India as compared to Deccan and particularly Karnataka. Sannati (Taluk Chittapur, district Gulbarga) in North Karnataka is the main site of investigation. It is a Maurya-Satavahana settlement with some remains belonging to the megalithic Iron Age. Sannati and the nearby settlements of Kanaganahalli are rich in Buddhist structures, sculptures and other antiquities. The author has made an effort to understand if the early historic material culture showed maturity when compared with the antecedent cultures. How did the external powers, such as Mauryas and the Satavahanas influence local development? Did the socio-political order meet the benchmarks of urbanisation? The author in this study has tried to locate urban contours in North Karnataka, especially at Sannati even when compared with other urban landscapes in northern India and the Deccan.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"20 1","pages":"292 - 305"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81714744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Book review: Pandit Sunder Lal, British Rule in India","authors":"K. Tuteja","doi":"10.1177/03769836211051646","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211051646","url":null,"abstract":"Pandit Sunder Lal, British Rule in India, New Delhi: SAGE Publications, 2018, ix + 536 pp., ₹395, ISBN: 9789352808021.","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"92 1","pages":"344 - 346"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80435811","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.1177/03769836211052085
B. P. Sahu
Rupendra Kumar Chattopadhyay, The Archaeology of Coastal Bengal, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2018, xix + 338 pp., ₹1250, ISBN: 9780199481687 (Hardback).
{"title":"Book review: Rupendra Kumar Chattopadhyay, The Archaeology of Coastal Bengal","authors":"B. P. Sahu","doi":"10.1177/03769836211052085","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211052085","url":null,"abstract":"Rupendra Kumar Chattopadhyay, The Archaeology of Coastal Bengal, New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 2018, xix + 338 pp., ₹1250, ISBN: 9780199481687 (Hardback).","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"14 2 1","pages":"349 - 351"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85248079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.1177/03769836211052094
R. Upadhyay
Annamaria Motrescu-Mayes and Marcus Banks (eds.), Visual Histories of South Asia (Forward by Christopher Pinney), Delhi: Primus Books, 2018, xxviii + 314 pp., ₹1,495, ISBN: 9789386552440 (Hardback).
{"title":"Book review: Annamaria Motrescu-Mayes and Marcus Banks (eds.), Visual Histories of South Asia","authors":"R. Upadhyay","doi":"10.1177/03769836211052094","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/03769836211052094","url":null,"abstract":"Annamaria Motrescu-Mayes and Marcus Banks (eds.), Visual Histories of South Asia (Forward by Christopher Pinney), Delhi: Primus Books, 2018, xxviii + 314 pp., ₹1,495, ISBN: 9789386552440 (Hardback).","PeriodicalId":41945,"journal":{"name":"Indian Historical Review","volume":"1 1","pages":"356 - 358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90193617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：