Pub Date : 2022-03-27DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.27-36
A. Ahmad, Silvia Wagustina, C. M. Dwiriani, Wiwit Estuti, Teuku Salfiyadi, Arnisam Arnisam, Eva Fitrianingsih
This study aimed to analyze the effects of nutrition education on anemia and upper arm circumference in pregnant women. It was a cluster-randomized control study involving 110 pregnant women. The nutrition education interventions, was a combination of offline and online sessions, conducted by trained Nutrition education staffs with a 1:5 ratio to pregnant women. Twelve education sessions were conducted for three months utilizing a nutrition booklet for pregnant women, food monitoring cards, and flyers shared on a social media WhatsApp group. The socio-demographic data were obtained through an interview method. The nutritional status collected, by measuring Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), and anemia was determined through a diagnosis by the family doctor. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the paired and independent t-tests, the confidence interval was set at 95%. Hemoglobin levels in the intervention group experienced a higher increase than in the control group. The MUAC in the intervention group increased by 0.8 cm while in the control group it was decreased by -2.7 cm. However, the Difference in Difference (DID) analysis did not show significant different for both parameters (p=0.198 and p=0.274). Chi square analysis showed that the prevalence of anemia at the end line point in the intervention group (3.6%) was significantly lower compared to the control group (14.5%) (p=0.047). The prevalence of the Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) measured by MUAC decreased by 9% in the intervention group, and 1.8% in the control group. However, the difference in prevalence of CED was not statistically significant (p=0.696). The nutrition education within three months did not significantly increase the mean hemoglobin and MUAC. But considering the trend in decreasing anemia and CED prevalence in the intervention group, structured and routine nutrition education can be implemented as part of nutritional intervention in pregnant women to prevent anemia and CED to observe effects in a longer-term intervention.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Nutrition Education on Anemia and Upper Arm Circumference among Pregnant Women in Aceh Besar District of Indonesia during the Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"A. Ahmad, Silvia Wagustina, C. M. Dwiriani, Wiwit Estuti, Teuku Salfiyadi, Arnisam Arnisam, Eva Fitrianingsih","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.27-36","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.27-36","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the effects of nutrition education on anemia and upper arm circumference in pregnant women. It was a cluster-randomized control study involving 110 pregnant women. The nutrition education interventions, was a combination of offline and online sessions, conducted by trained Nutrition education staffs with a 1:5 ratio to pregnant women. Twelve education sessions were conducted for three months utilizing a nutrition booklet for pregnant women, food monitoring cards, and flyers shared on a social media WhatsApp group. The socio-demographic data were obtained through an interview method. The nutritional status collected, by measuring Mid Upper Arm Circumference (MUAC), and anemia was determined through a diagnosis by the family doctor. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and the paired and independent t-tests, the confidence interval was set at 95%. Hemoglobin levels in the intervention group experienced a higher increase than in the control group. The MUAC in the intervention group increased by 0.8 cm while in the control group it was decreased by -2.7 cm. However, the Difference in Difference (DID) analysis did not show significant different for both parameters (p=0.198 and p=0.274). Chi square analysis showed that the prevalence of anemia at the end line point in the intervention group (3.6%) was significantly lower compared to the control group (14.5%) (p=0.047). The prevalence of the Chronic Energy Deficiency (CED) measured by MUAC decreased by 9% in the intervention group, and 1.8% in the control group. However, the difference in prevalence of CED was not statistically significant (p=0.696). The nutrition education within three months did not significantly increase the mean hemoglobin and MUAC. But considering the trend in decreasing anemia and CED prevalence in the intervention group, structured and routine nutrition education can be implemented as part of nutritional intervention in pregnant women to prevent anemia and CED to observe effects in a longer-term intervention.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41391596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-01DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.11-18
Rose Haniza Mohamad, Bibi Nabihah Abdul Hakim, Amal K Mitra, Mohd Razif Shahril, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Marissa Burgermaster, Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the determinants of underweight among preschool children. A total of 218 preschool children were enrolled. Their sociodemographic data were collected using self-reported questionnaires whilst body weight and height were measured, recorded and the BMI for-age z-score was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software. Of all preschool children participants, 47.7% were male and 53.3% were female. Most of them were Malays (99.5%), aged 4 to <5 years (40.8%) and came from low-income household (92.7%). Overall, the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight and obese was 17.9%, 73.8%, 4.6% and 3.7% respectively. The underweight prevalence was higher than the national prevalence (13.7%). Of all parent participants, 12.4% were male and 87.6% were female. Most of them aged 30-39 years (55.5%) and did not hold a degree (89.4%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that parental age and their level of education were the determinants of childhood underweight. The risk of being underweight increased with the age of parents (p=0.033) and lower level of education of parents (p=0.042). In conclusion, this study found that underweight among preschool children was mainly associated with parental factors. Hence, designing a special nutritional intervention program involving older parents and lower education levels could overcome this problem.
{"title":"Higher Parental Age and Lower Educational Level are Associated with Underweight among Preschool Children in Terengganu, Malaysia.","authors":"Rose Haniza Mohamad, Bibi Nabihah Abdul Hakim, Amal K Mitra, Mohd Razif Shahril, Wan Mohd Izani Wan Mohamed, Sharifah Wajihah Wafa Syed Saadun Tarek Wafa, Marissa Burgermaster, Hamid Jan Jan Mohamed","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.11-18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2022.17.1.11-18","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the determinants of underweight among preschool children. A total of 218 preschool children were enrolled. Their sociodemographic data were collected using self-reported questionnaires whilst body weight and height were measured, recorded and the BMI for-age z-score was calculated using WHO AnthroPlus software. Of all preschool children participants, 47.7% were male and 53.3% were female. Most of them were Malays (99.5%), aged 4 to <5 years (40.8%) and came from low-income household (92.7%). Overall, the prevalence of underweight, normal, overweight and obese was 17.9%, 73.8%, 4.6% and 3.7% respectively. The underweight prevalence was higher than the national prevalence (13.7%). Of all parent participants, 12.4% were male and 87.6% were female. Most of them aged 30-39 years (55.5%) and did not hold a degree (89.4%). Multivariate logistic regression showed that parental age and their level of education were the determinants of childhood underweight. The risk of being underweight increased with the age of parents (p=0.033) and lower level of education of parents (p=0.042). In conclusion, this study found that underweight among preschool children was mainly associated with parental factors. Hence, designing a special nutritional intervention program involving older parents and lower education levels could overcome this problem.</p>","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":"17 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10409626/pdf/nihms-1912352.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9996635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.139-148
S. Christy, H. Khusun, D. Chandra, D. Sunardi
{"title":"Nutrition Fact Panel Use and its Association to Diet Quality among University Students in Universitas Indonesia","authors":"S. Christy, H. Khusun, D. Chandra, D. Sunardi","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.139-148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.139-148","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47183595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.149-158
Yuni Nurwati, H. Hardinsyah, S. Marliyati, M. Fahrudin
This study aims to evaluate calcium bioavailability through serum calcium level in pregnant rats treated with two Milk-Based Drinks (MBD) containing Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), i.e Lactobacillus Casei Shirota Strain (LcS) drink, and Four Strains Bacteria (FS) ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophiles ). It was a completely randomized experimental study using 24 Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were divided into one negative control group with a normal nutritional status (A0) and three undernourished groups. The undernourished groups were divided into one positive control group (A1), one group receiving MBD containing LcS group (A2), and another group receiving MBD containing FS (A3). All rats received high protein diets during pregnancy. The intervention was started in early pregnancy (D0) until 19 days of pregnancy (D19). Blood samples were collected at the D0 and D19. No significant differences in food intake were found among the rats in all groups. Administration of MBD containing LAB in A2 and A3 showed significant (p<0.05) increment of calcium bioavailability (30.79±6.88%; 20.44±9.04%). Both MBDs treatment containing LAB showed no significant difference in serum calcium bioavailability (p>0.05). The results suggest that MBDs containing LAB are useful in enhancing calcium bioavailability.
{"title":"Calcium Bioavailability and Serum Calcium Level in Pregnant Rats After Administration of Milk-Based Drinks Containing Lactic Acid Bacteria","authors":"Yuni Nurwati, H. Hardinsyah, S. Marliyati, M. Fahrudin","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.149-158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.149-158","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to evaluate calcium bioavailability through serum calcium level in pregnant rats treated with two Milk-Based Drinks (MBD) containing Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB), i.e Lactobacillus Casei Shirota Strain (LcS) drink, and Four Strains Bacteria (FS) ( Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus delbrueckii subp. bulgaricus, Streptococcus thermophiles ). It was a completely randomized experimental study using 24 Sprague Dawley rats. Rats were divided into one negative control group with a normal nutritional status (A0) and three undernourished groups. The undernourished groups were divided into one positive control group (A1), one group receiving MBD containing LcS group (A2), and another group receiving MBD containing FS (A3). All rats received high protein diets during pregnancy. The intervention was started in early pregnancy (D0) until 19 days of pregnancy (D19). Blood samples were collected at the D0 and D19. No significant differences in food intake were found among the rats in all groups. Administration of MBD containing LAB in A2 and A3 showed significant (p<0.05) increment of calcium bioavailability (30.79±6.88%; 20.44±9.04%). Both MBDs treatment containing LAB showed no significant difference in serum calcium bioavailability (p>0.05). The results suggest that MBDs containing LAB are useful in enhancing calcium bioavailability.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42719650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.169-178
Dini Rizkiani Putri, C. M. Dwiriani, D. Briawan
The objective of this study was to analyze differences in physical activity, quality of food consumption and breakfast between elementary school children with normal and overweight nutritional status in Bogor City of Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a cross sectional study carried out from September 2020 to January 2021 in nine elementary schools in Bogor City. This research was conducted when school from home had been running for about six months. Survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire filled by the subject's parents via google form and Microsoft word and then interviewing via whatsapp. Physical activity measured using the Physical Activity Level (PAL) method and food consumption quality using the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Breakfast quality based on the intake and contribution of energy and protein at breakfast. Result showed that 70% of male and 30% of female subjects were classified as overweight. There was a significant difference in the PAL value between subjects with normal weight and overweight (2.02 vs 1.63, p 0.05). There were no significant differences in IDDS of normal weight and overweight students in both weekday and weekend (p<0.05). However, IDDS scores of students with normal nutritional status was higher (7.08 and 8.60) compared to (6.80 and 6.78) in overweight students during the weekday and weekend respectively. In contrast, the energy and protein intake consumed during breakfast for overweight students was higher (617 kcal/day and 21 g/day) than students with normal nutritional status (477 kcal/day and 18.2 g/day) (p<0.05). This study has shown the importance to educate parents of overweight subjects to increase their children's physical activity as the students with normal nutrition status do as well as to provide breakfast with a more diverse menu.
本研究的目的是分析2019冠状病毒病大流行期间印度尼西亚茂物市营养状况正常和超重的小学生在身体活动、食物消费质量和早餐方面的差异。这是一项横断面研究，于2020年9月至2021年1月在茂物市的9所小学进行。这项研究是在家庭学校开办大约六个月后进行的。调查采用结构化问卷进行，由受试者的父母通过谷歌表格和微软word填写，然后通过whatsapp进行访谈。使用身体活动水平(PAL)法测量身体活动，使用个人饮食多样性评分(IDDS)测量食物消费质量。早餐的质量取决于早餐中能量和蛋白质的摄入和贡献。结果显示，70%的男性和30%的女性被归类为超重。正常体重组与超重组的PAL值差异有统计学意义(2.02 vs 1.63, p 0.05)。正常体重学生与超重学生在工作日和周末的IDDS差异无统计学意义(p<0.05)。营养状况正常的学生在平日和周末的IDDS得分分别为7.08和8.60，而营养状况超重的学生的IDDS得分分别为6.80和6.78。相比之下，超重学生的早餐能量和蛋白质摄入量(617 kcal/day和21 g/day)高于营养状况正常学生(477 kcal/day和18.2 g/day) (p<0.05)。这项研究表明，教育超重学生的父母像营养状况正常的学生一样增加孩子的身体活动以及提供更多样化的早餐菜单的重要性。
{"title":"Physical Activity, Food Consumption, and Breakfast among Normal and Overweight Elementary School Children in Bogor during Covid-19 Pandemic","authors":"Dini Rizkiani Putri, C. M. Dwiriani, D. Briawan","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.169-178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.169-178","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to analyze differences in physical activity, quality of food consumption and breakfast between elementary school children with normal and overweight nutritional status in Bogor City of Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic. This was a cross sectional study carried out from September 2020 to January 2021 in nine elementary schools in Bogor City. This research was conducted when school from home had been running for about six months. Survey was conducted using a structured questionnaire filled by the subject's parents via google form and Microsoft word and then interviewing via whatsapp. Physical activity measured using the Physical Activity Level (PAL) method and food consumption quality using the Individual Dietary Diversity Score (IDDS). Breakfast quality based on the intake and contribution of energy and protein at breakfast. Result showed that 70% of male and 30% of female subjects were classified as overweight. There was a significant difference in the PAL value between subjects with normal weight and overweight (2.02 vs 1.63, p 0.05). There were no significant differences in IDDS of normal weight and overweight students in both weekday and weekend (p<0.05). However, IDDS scores of students with normal nutritional status was higher (7.08 and 8.60) compared to (6.80 and 6.78) in overweight students during the weekday and weekend respectively. In contrast, the energy and protein intake consumed during breakfast for overweight students was higher (617 kcal/day and 21 g/day) than students with normal nutritional status (477 kcal/day and 18.2 g/day) (p<0.05). This study has shown the importance to educate parents of overweight subjects to increase their children's physical activity as the students with normal nutrition status do as well as to provide breakfast with a more diverse menu.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69255223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.129-138
Nurani Istiqomah, M. Astawan, N. Palupi
This study was conducted to identify the sodium content in processed food and determine the proportion of products that meet the World Health Organization (WHO) global sodium benchmark criteria. Spesific concern was placed for sodium content in instant noodles. A comparative analysis was conducted to determine the relevance between the WHO and Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (Indonesian FDA) benchmarks in limiting sodium in instant noodles. Data on sodium levels (mg/100 g) of processed food was obtained from the register in the Indonesian FDA, Directorate of Processed Food Registration for 2019 to 2020. There were 3,850 products, consisting of 3,036 Local Products (LP) and 814 Imported Products (IP). These products were grouped into seven food categories and 18 types of food. The highest sodium content was found in chili sauce at 2,254,06 mg/100 g, and the lowest was in wafers at 218.64 mg/100 g. Overall, 2,538 of all products (66.56%) did not meet the sodium criteria based on the WHO benchmark. While for instant noodles, only 14.2% of the products met the sodium criteria based on the Indonesian FDA regulations and only 7.4% comply to the WHO sodium benchmark. The Cohen’s Kappa test showed a strong agreement (K=0.650; 95% CI; p=0.00, strong) between the two regulations in limiting sodium levels in instant noodles. This study provides an overview of sodium levels in processed food in Indonesia. The sodium content in most products including instant noodles, as one of the most frequently consumed products, are still above the recommended value. Therefore, it is necessary to develop sodium benchmark of wider range of food categories in national level that might contribute to sodium intake, as well as for instant noodles. In order to achieve this goal, involvement of multi stakeholder among government, food industry and expert are also needed to deliver effective policies regarding sodium intake concerns.
{"title":"Assessment of Sodium Content of Processed Food Available in Indonesia","authors":"Nurani Istiqomah, M. Astawan, N. Palupi","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.129-138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.129-138","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to identify the sodium content in processed food and determine the proportion of products that meet the World Health Organization (WHO) global sodium benchmark criteria. Spesific concern was placed for sodium content in instant noodles. A comparative analysis was conducted to determine the relevance between the WHO and Indonesian Food and Drug Authority (Indonesian FDA) benchmarks in limiting sodium in instant noodles. Data on sodium levels (mg/100 g) of processed food was obtained from the register in the Indonesian FDA, Directorate of Processed Food Registration for 2019 to 2020. There were 3,850 products, consisting of 3,036 Local Products (LP) and 814 Imported Products (IP). These products were grouped into seven food categories and 18 types of food. The highest sodium content was found in chili sauce at 2,254,06 mg/100 g, and the lowest was in wafers at 218.64 mg/100 g. Overall, 2,538 of all products (66.56%) did not meet the sodium criteria based on the WHO benchmark. While for instant noodles, only 14.2% of the products met the sodium criteria based on the Indonesian FDA regulations and only 7.4% comply to the WHO sodium benchmark. The Cohen’s Kappa test showed a strong agreement (K=0.650; 95% CI; p=0.00, strong) between the two regulations in limiting sodium levels in instant noodles. This study provides an overview of sodium levels in processed food in Indonesia. The sodium content in most products including instant noodles, as one of the most frequently consumed products, are still above the recommended value. Therefore, it is necessary to develop sodium benchmark of wider range of food categories in national level that might contribute to sodium intake, as well as for instant noodles. In order to achieve this goal, involvement of multi stakeholder among government, food industry and expert are also needed to deliver effective policies regarding sodium intake concerns.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46573244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.189-198
N. H. Rosli, Asma' Ali, Khairil Shazmin Kamarudin, Y. Hamzah, H. Yusof
This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the correlation between nutritional status, cognitive function and daytime sleepiness of schoolchildren in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. It involved 85 schoolchildren aged 9 to 12 years. Nutritional status was determined through anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyses for hemoglobin, urinalysis and urinary iodine concentration (UIC). While cognitive performance was tested using Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (R-CPM). The daytime sleepiness of the respondents was assessed using the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). It was found that 16.5% of the respondents were stunted while 4.7%, 12.9% and 17.7% were obese, overweight and wasted, respectively. In addition, 37.7% of the respondents were anemic and the median UIC was 177.0 µg/l, which was categorized as normal for children. The majority (37.6%) of the respondents had an average cognitive level. Furthermore, the mean for daytime sleepiness based on PDSS score for overall respondents was categorized under an average level that was 14.1 score. In the present research, results found that all of the factors examined in this study were not correlated with respondents’ cognitive function. As the majority of the children had average to low levels of cognitive functions, it is recommended to investigate further factors associated with cognitive functions and, subsequently, to design and deliver appropriate intervention.
{"title":"Correlation Between Nutritional Status, Cognitive Function and Daytime Sleepiness of Schoolchildren in Terengganu, Malaysia","authors":"N. H. Rosli, Asma' Ali, Khairil Shazmin Kamarudin, Y. Hamzah, H. Yusof","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.189-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.3.189-198","url":null,"abstract":"This cross-sectional study aimed to determine the correlation between nutritional status, cognitive function and daytime sleepiness of schoolchildren in Kuala Nerus, Terengganu. It involved 85 schoolchildren aged 9 to 12 years. Nutritional status was determined through anthropometric measurements, biochemical analyses for hemoglobin, urinalysis and urinary iodine concentration (UIC). While cognitive performance was tested using Raven’s Colored Progressive Matrices (R-CPM). The daytime sleepiness of the respondents was assessed using the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). It was found that 16.5% of the respondents were stunted while 4.7%, 12.9% and 17.7% were obese, overweight and wasted, respectively. In addition, 37.7% of the respondents were anemic and the median UIC was 177.0 µg/l, which was categorized as normal for children. The majority (37.6%) of the respondents had an average cognitive level. Furthermore, the mean for daytime sleepiness based on PDSS score for overall respondents was categorized under an average level that was 14.1 score. In the present research, results found that all of the factors examined in this study were not correlated with respondents’ cognitive function. As the majority of the children had average to low levels of cognitive functions, it is recommended to investigate further factors associated with cognitive functions and, subsequently, to design and deliver appropriate intervention.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43652275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.91-100
Badriah Aisyah Bahtiar, Asma' Ali, H. Yusof, Khairil Shazmin Kamarudin
This study aims to determine child development, nutritional status and the association between child development and nutritional status. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 fishermen’s children under five years old in selected districts in Terengganu. All respondents were assisted by their mothers during the assessment. Child development was evaluated through the Denver II Development Screening Test. Nutritional status was determined via the anthropometry assessment (BMI-for-age and height-for-age). Preponderantly, the prevalence of suspected development delay of children under-five in Terengganu was 31.7%. The prevalence of suspected delay for language, fine motor-adaptive, and personal-social skills were 15.0%, 1.7%, and 16.7%, respectively. BMI-for-age z-score and height for age z-score of these children were -1.62±1.23 and -0.27±1.41, respectively, indicating a normal range; nonetheless, there were still children that were wasted (23.3%), severely wasted (13.3%), stunted (5.0%), severely stunted (1.7%), and at risk of being overweight (1.7%). However, the chi square test showed there was no association found between child development and nutritional status, BMI-for-age and height-for-age (p>0.001), among fishermen’s children under-five in this study. The nutritional status had no effect on the development of these fishermen's children, but may have been influenced by other factors such as stimulating surroundings, parenting abilities, and culture.
{"title":"Child Development and Nutritional Status of Children Under Five: A Cross-Sectional Study of a Fishermen Community in Terengganu, Malaysia","authors":"Badriah Aisyah Bahtiar, Asma' Ali, H. Yusof, Khairil Shazmin Kamarudin","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.91-100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.91-100","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine child development, nutritional status and the association between child development and nutritional status. This cross-sectional study was conducted among 60 fishermen’s children under five years old in selected districts in Terengganu. All respondents were assisted by their mothers during the assessment. Child development was evaluated through the Denver II Development Screening Test. Nutritional status was determined via the anthropometry assessment (BMI-for-age and height-for-age). Preponderantly, the prevalence of suspected development delay of children under-five in Terengganu was 31.7%. The prevalence of suspected delay for language, fine motor-adaptive, and personal-social skills were 15.0%, 1.7%, and 16.7%, respectively. BMI-for-age z-score and height for age z-score of these children were -1.62±1.23 and -0.27±1.41, respectively, indicating a normal range; nonetheless, there were still children that were wasted (23.3%), severely wasted (13.3%), stunted (5.0%), severely stunted (1.7%), and at risk of being overweight (1.7%). However, the chi square test showed there was no association found between child development and nutritional status, BMI-for-age and height-for-age (p>0.001), among fishermen’s children under-five in this study. The nutritional status had no effect on the development of these fishermen's children, but may have been influenced by other factors such as stimulating surroundings, parenting abilities, and culture.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44417409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.71-80
Leila S. Africa, N. Tandang, M. Talavera, N. Querijero, W. B. Carada, Kristine V. Montecillo, A. Bustos, A. Juras, Mayo Grace C. Amit, Hygeia Ceres Catalina B. Gawe, Jasmine Anne F. Tandingan
The field trial was conducted to establish the reliability in producing similar results between evaluators of the proposed new tools for Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the nutrition plans and programs in the Local Government Units (LGUs). To do this, orientation activities were conducted to familiarize the 46 M&E team (MET) members evaluating the provincial, municipal, city, and barangay levels in two regions with the proposed tools during the field trial. After the event, the perceptions of the MET members of the tools were gathered by asking them to rate the tools through a self-administered questionnaire, and by noting their written and verbal commentaries about the proposed system. During the field trial, each MET member, as well as the member of the Project Team (PT), individually evaluated the LGUs usingthe tools. Secondary data on the LGUs performance scores using the old system were also gathered. The MET members’ perception was examined based on the median rank of their ratings and content analysis of their insights about the tools, whereas the reliability of the tools was assessed based on the interrater reliability of the MET members’ scores for the LGUs analyzed through paired samples t-Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, and technical error of measurement. The weighted scores of the MET and PT members were also compared. Moreover, the difference in the generated scores between the old and the new system was determined. The findings revealed that the MET members generally have a positive perception of the new system but raised some issues and concerns. Although the reliability of the tools was generally observed, actions are warranted for improvement. The tools generated statistically different scores when used by MET and PT members, and when compared to the existing system. Steps should be taken to improve the reliability of the proposed tools.
{"title":"Field Trial of Local Nutrition Plans and Programs Monitoring and Evaluation Protocol in the Philippines","authors":"Leila S. Africa, N. Tandang, M. Talavera, N. Querijero, W. B. Carada, Kristine V. Montecillo, A. Bustos, A. Juras, Mayo Grace C. Amit, Hygeia Ceres Catalina B. Gawe, Jasmine Anne F. Tandingan","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.71-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.71-80","url":null,"abstract":"The field trial was conducted to establish the reliability in producing similar results between evaluators of the proposed new tools for Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) of the nutrition plans and programs in the Local Government Units (LGUs). To do this, orientation activities were conducted to familiarize the 46 M&E team (MET) members evaluating the provincial, municipal, city, and barangay levels in two regions with the proposed tools during the field trial. After the event, the perceptions of the MET members of the tools were gathered by asking them to rate the tools through a self-administered questionnaire, and by noting their written and verbal commentaries about the proposed system. During the field trial, each MET member, as well as the member of the Project Team (PT), individually evaluated the LGUs usingthe tools. Secondary data on the LGUs performance scores using the old system were also gathered. The MET members’ perception was examined based on the median rank of their ratings and content analysis of their insights about the tools, whereas the reliability of the tools was assessed based on the interrater reliability of the MET members’ scores for the LGUs analyzed through paired samples t-Test, Pearson correlation coefficient, intraclass correlation coefficient, and technical error of measurement. The weighted scores of the MET and PT members were also compared. Moreover, the difference in the generated scores between the old and the new system was determined. The findings revealed that the MET members generally have a positive perception of the new system but raised some issues and concerns. Although the reliability of the tools was generally observed, actions are warranted for improvement. The tools generated statistically different scores when used by MET and PT members, and when compared to the existing system. Steps should be taken to improve the reliability of the proposed tools.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47889163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-29DOI: 10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.109-118
Widya Agustinah, Joshua Yuandi
The objectives of this study were to develop a functional beverage containing Germinated Red Rice (GRR) and tempeh powders and analyze the total soluble phenolic content, phenolics profile, in vitro antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation. A mixture of GRR and tempeh powder at 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 w/w ratios were mixed with water at 6% w/v concentration. The total soluble phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of the samples increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increasing level of GRR powder and the decreasing level of tempeh powder, whereas 2:1 w/w ratio of GRR and tempeh powder showed the highest total soluble phenolic content (79.79±12.10 ig/ml GAE) and in vitro antioxidant activity (68.84±1.56%). However, a control beverage containing only GRR powder and only tempeh powder had the highest and lowest total soluble phenolic content and antioxidant activity, respectively. Ferulic acid was detected in all samples containing GRR, while daidzein was not detected and genistein was only detected in 1:2 and 1:1 sample ratios. All formulated samples in lemongrass sugar solution were accepted by the panelists (score 5 out of 7). In conclusion, GRR was responsible to increase the total soluble phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the beverage. A loss of isoflavone in the tempeh-containing beverage samples suggested that optimizing the dose and processing method were important to achieve the optimum health benefits of the ingredients.
{"title":"Development of Functional Beverage with Antioxidant Properties using Germinated Red Rice and Tempeh Powder Mixture","authors":"Widya Agustinah, Joshua Yuandi","doi":"10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.109-118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25182/jgp.2021.16.2.109-118","url":null,"abstract":"The objectives of this study were to develop a functional beverage containing Germinated Red Rice (GRR) and tempeh powders and analyze the total soluble phenolic content, phenolics profile, in vitro antioxidant activity, and sensory evaluation. A mixture of GRR and tempeh powder at 1:2, 1:1, and 2:1 w/w ratios were mixed with water at 6% w/v concentration. The total soluble phenolic content and the antioxidant activity of the samples increased significantly (p<0.05) with the increasing level of GRR powder and the decreasing level of tempeh powder, whereas 2:1 w/w ratio of GRR and tempeh powder showed the highest total soluble phenolic content (79.79±12.10 ig/ml GAE) and in vitro antioxidant activity (68.84±1.56%). However, a control beverage containing only GRR powder and only tempeh powder had the highest and lowest total soluble phenolic content and antioxidant activity, respectively. Ferulic acid was detected in all samples containing GRR, while daidzein was not detected and genistein was only detected in 1:2 and 1:1 sample ratios. All formulated samples in lemongrass sugar solution were accepted by the panelists (score 5 out of 7). In conclusion, GRR was responsible to increase the total soluble phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the beverage. A loss of isoflavone in the tempeh-containing beverage samples suggested that optimizing the dose and processing method were important to achieve the optimum health benefits of the ingredients.","PeriodicalId":41982,"journal":{"name":"Jurnal Gizi dan Pangan","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-07-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48249951","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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