European Oral Research最新文献

Purpose: This survey aimed to investigate quality of communicating design features for the construction of cobalt chromium removable partial dentures (RPDs) among dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Materials and methods: A survey of nine commercial dental laboratories located in Riyadh was carried out. In each visit, master casts for cobalt chromium RPDs and dentists' prescriptions were examined. A quality score for the provided instructions was developed and ranged from 0 to 4. A zero score means that no instructions were sent from the dentist for the design of the RPD. A score of 4 means that instructions were provided for the design of four main elements of the RPD, i.e., shape of major connector, type of direct retainers, position of direct retainers, position of dental rests.

Results: 162 dentists' prescriptions for RPDs and related casts were assessed. The majority of RPD cases were designed by the dental technician alone (64.2%). Shape of the major connector was the most frequent element in dentists' prescriptions (35.8%). The mean quality score of dentists' instructions was 0.96 (sd=1.54). 18% of the provided instructions achieved quality score equal to 4. Prescriptions for Kennedy Class III cases achieved significantly higher mean quality score compared to Kennedy Class II cases (p<0.05). 16.7% of the evaluated casts had clearly defined rest seat preparation.

Conclusion: The results of this survey indicate inadequate quality of communicating the design features of cobalt chromium RPDs among practicing dentists in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The reliance on the dental technician to design the cast RPDs seems to be high.

Purpose: This study was done to analyse the influence of fixed dental prosthesis (FDP) on brain function by analysing power spectral density of partially edentulous patients.

Materials and methods: The study included unilateral missing mandibular molar replacement patients. The patients were restored with three-unit metal ceramic FDP restorations. The cognitive function was analysed with a mental state questionnaire. Power spectral density (PSD) analysis of EEG alpha waves was made pre- treatment, post treatment and 3 months after FDP treatment to analyse the brain function. The data in various phases were obtained before and after chewing. The results were statistically analysed.

Results: The mean pre and post treatment PSD was 0.0175 (SD ±0.0132) and 0.0178 (SD ±0.0135). The mean post treatment PSD after three months was 0.024 (SD± 0.019). The results were analysed with repeated ANOVA and were statistically significant. (p<0.01).

Conclusion: The study displayed improvement in brain function of partially edentulous patients with FDP rehabilitation.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate clinical success rate of resin-based fissure sealants applied at Istanbul University, Department of Pediatric Dentistry after 1 year of application.

Materials and methods: Children with at least one pair of caries-free permanent first molars with deep pits and fissures were included in the study. The ages of children ranged from 7-13 (mean age: 9.2±1.22). Resin-based fissure sealant was applied to the 322 fissures of the first permanent molars in 100 children. 12 months after the application, children were recalled for examination. Recall examinations were carried out by the same dentist. Fissure sealants were evaluated at 12th month by using Ryge criteria: Retention (R), precence of caries (PC), marginal adaptation (MA), marginal discoloration (MD) and cracking (C).

Results: 12 months after the application, all of the children were recalled and fissure sealants were examinated. Our findigs are: R: Alpha 95 (29.5%), Bravo: 143 (44.4%), Charlie: 84 (26%); PC: Alpha 274, Bravo 48 (14.9%); MD: Alpha 322; MA: Alpha 279, Bravo 43 (13.3%); C: Alpha 321, Bravo 1 (0.3%).

Conclusion: The preventive effects of the sealant are only maintained as long as it remains completely intact and bonded in place. After applying fissure sealants, patients must be recalled and sealants must be checked to provide retention and marginal adaptation.

Purpose: To evaluate the association between third molar (M3) agenesis and hypodontia and oligodontia in pediatric patients by using panoramic radiography.

Materials and methods: Panoramic radiographs of 1,471 patients (899 females; 572 males) and 5,884 teeth were retrospectively evaluated. The age and gender of the patients were recorded. Patients ages 9-15 years old were included in the study. The mean age was 12.76. The agenesis of M3 teeth and the relationship between M3 agenesis and hypodontia and oligodontia were recorded according to findings from the upper and lower jaw, in both the right and left locations, along with the number of M3 with agenesis. Data were analyzed using chi-square and McNemar tests (p<0.05).

Results: A total of 1,319 (89.7%) patients had all M3 teeth present in the mouth, while the other 152 (10.3%) had congenital agenesis in one or more teeth. The number of teeth in which M3 agenesis was seen, in order of the number of missing M3 teeth, the percentages were 2.6% for one, 2.4% for two, 1.0% for three and 4.3% for four missing teeth.Hypodontia was detected in 37 patients and oligodontia was detected in 3 patients.

Conclusion: The prevalence of M3 agenesis varies from one population to another. Two of the dental anomalies associated with M3 agenesis are hypodontia and oligodontia. In this study, M3 agenesis varied in terms of region and gender; hypodontia was also significantly higher in patients with missing mandibular M3.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of pain intensity levels and clinical symptoms on the treatment preferences of patients with endodontically involved teeth in a local Turkish population.

Subjects and methods: A total of 30 patients with symptomatic teeth requiring non-surgical root canal treatment were included in the study. The patients' demographic (age, gender, and education level) and diagnostic data (tooth type, pain intensity, response to percussion and palpation, presence of referred pain, and diagnosis) were analyzed. Data on the patients' explicit preferences (requested treatment, whether they are willing to accept a proposed extraction, choice of treatment if an anterior tooth was involved, and choice of treatment if the pain was not severe) as well as previous root canal treatment experiences were also analyzed. Pain intensity levels were evaluated using the Visual Analog Scale.

Results: Pain intensity levels had a significant effect on the treatment requested by the patient (p=0.001). Among the patients who requested extraction upon referral to the clinic, the rate of those who reported that they would not accept extraction if the pain was located in an anterior tooth was significantly lower than that of patients stating that they would refuse (p=0.039). The presence of referred pain also had a significant effect on the requested treatment (p=0.001).

Conclusion: The intensity of pain and the presence of referred pain influence patients' treatment preferences.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the effect of the Er:YAG laser on the clinical success of a hydrophilic fissure sealant over 12 months.

Subject and methods: This study was conducted on 132 permanent first molars from 44 (19 girls and 25 boys) patients aged 7-11 years. The teeth were divided into three groups. The first group (Group A-control) of teeth were etched with phosphoric acid, the second group of teeth (Group L) were etched with an Er:YAG laser, and the third group of teeth (Group A+L) were etched with both the Er:YAG laser and phosphoric acid. Clinical evaluations were performed at baseline and at 3-, 6-, 9- and 12-month follow-up visits. The data were analyzed with Pearson chi-square tests, Cochran Q tests and Kaplan-Meier analysis.

Results: At the end of the 12 months, total retention rates were 72.7%, 59.1%, and 65.9% in the acid group, the laser group and the laser and acid group, respectively. Although there was no statistically significant difference between group retention rates (p>0.05), the lowest retention rate was found in the laser group at the end of the 12-month follow-up period. No new caries were observed in any group during the study period.

Conclusion: Etching with the Er:YAG laser, phosphoric acid or a combination of both methods provided similar results for the clinical success of hydrophilic based fissure sealant.

Purpose: The boron and fluoride mainly accumulate in the bones and teeth of the human body. The purpose of this study is to determine boron or fluoride levels in the whole tooth, to evaluate the correlation between their levels and to compare these levels in primary/permanent, carious, and non-carious groups.

Materials and methods: The boron and fluoride levels of thirty-six teeth, separated such as primary carious (n=9) and non-carious (n=9), permanent carious (n=9) and non-carious (n=9), were determined by ICP-MS and ion-selective electrode, respectively.

Results: While boron levels were between 0.001 and 5.88 ppm, the fluoride levels were between 21.24 and 449.22 ppm. The boron level of non-carious teeth was higher than those of carious teeth in primary and permanent tooth groups. However, this difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). The fluoride level of non-carious teeth was higher than those of carious teeth in primary (p=0.062) and permanent teeth groups (p=0.046). Negative correlation, found between boron and fluoride in all groups, was significant only in non-carious teeth group (r=-0.488, p=0.040).

Conclusion: The results of our study proved the importance of fluoride as a protective factor for dental caries once more. The boron levels in non-carious teeth were also higher than carious teeth. However, it was not significant. Moreover, there was negative correlation between teeth boron and fluoride levels. Therefore, it is necessary to conduct more detailed studies on the tooth boron level and its relation with caries formation and with fluoride levels.

Purpose: To evaluate the effects of surface coating and one-year water storage on the flexural strength of fluoride-releasing restorative materials.

Materials and methods: Forty specimens were prepared from each material; GCP Glass Fill (GCP), Amalgomer CR (AHL), Zirconomer (Shofu), Fuji IX GP Capsule (GC), Beautifil II (Shofu), Estelite Σ Quick (Tokuyama) and reliaFIL LC (AHL). The specimens were randomly divided into two groups; surface coated with G-Coat Plus (GC) and uncoated. Each group was subdivided into two groups stored in distilled water at 37◦C for 24 h and 1 year before testing (n=10). The flexural strength was evaluated using three-point bending test according to the ISO 4049:2009 standard using a universal testing machine. After flexural strength test, a cross-section of the coated specimens was evaluated with scanning electron microscopy (SEM).

Results: A significant increase was observed on the flexural strength of Amalgomer CR, Zirconomer and Fuji IX GP after 24 h when G-Coat Plus was applied (p<0.05). This significant increase was observed on the flexural strength of only Amalgomer CR and Zirconomer after 1 year (p<0.05). The highest flexural strength was obtained with Beautifil II, Estelite Σ Quick and reliaFIL LC after 24 h and 1 year (p<0.05). After 1 year, there was decrease on the flexural strength of the other materials except Beautifil II, Estelite Σ Quick and reliaFIL LC.

Conclusion: The resin coating improved the flexural strength of some glass ionomer-based materials but the water aging decreased the same physical properties.

Purpose: The aim of the study is to present a photogrammetric technique using standardized occlusal photographs to perform Bolton's analysis and assess reliability of this new method with plaster study casts.

Materials and methods: The study was conducted on 16 subjects (8 males, 8 females), aged 18-25 years. Standardized occlusal photographs and plaster study casts were obtained. The occlusal photographs were calibrated in Nemoceph® software. Mesio-distal dimensions of all teeth up to first molars were calculated and Bolton's analysis was performed. Similarly, a digital calliper with 0.1 mm sensitivity was used to measure mesio-distal dimensions of all teeth on plaster study casts to perform Bolton's analysis. 28 parameters were measured on study models and corresponding occlusal photographs. Paired t test and intraclass correlation tests were carried out to test validity and reliability of the photogrammetric method. An intraclass correlation test was calculated for 4 derived parameters to test reliability of Bolton's analysis measurements obtained from occlusal photographs as compared to study models.

Results: All 28 parameters showed a statistically significant and excellent correlation (r>.80) in the Intra Class Correlation test. 4 variables used to calculate Bolton's analysis showed statistically significant correlation (r>.96) in the intraclass correlation test.

Conclusion: Photogrammetry is a reliable tool to measure mesio-distal tooth size. Bolton's analysis from standardized occlusal photographs using the described photogrammetric technique can be used as an effective clinical tool.

From December 12, 2019, a pandemic of acute respiratory syndrome, the novel human coronavirus disease (COVID-19), caused by a novel β-coronavirus (2019- nCoV) began to grow globally by person-to-person transmission. The production of airborne material during aerosol generating dental procedures would expose dental team and patients to remarkable risk of transmission concerning the faceto- face communication and splattered saliva, blood, and other body fluids. Dental professionals can be a substantial help in preventing the transmission of COVID-19. This study has reviewed relevant current evidences in literature that has addressed the role of saliva and the threats that may be inherent in transmission of the disease during dental procedures. The study also offers feasible proactive and preventive measures for dental practice during the outbreak to block possible person-toperson or indirect transmission in dental settings.