Summary This paper deals with the question of why some human service organizations are more innovative in their use of computers than others, particularly in the area of strategic planning. Rather than focus upon the technology, per se, it explores the propensity for and context within which human service managers apply computers to matters of strategic importance. It begins with a summary of the two dominant theoretical traditions within which organizational behavior has been viewed. These contrasting perspectives are then applied to the extensive body of empirical findings related to organizational innovation. The result is a discernment of key variables or variable clusters, which provide the basis for alternative accounts of innovative behavior. The emergent use of computers for strategic planning serves as the focus of the study.
{"title":"Innovative use of computers for planning in human service organizations","authors":"A. Matheson","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N03_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N03_20","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper deals with the question of why some human service organizations are more innovative in their use of computers than others, particularly in the area of strategic planning. Rather than focus upon the technology, per se, it explores the propensity for and context within which human service managers apply computers to matters of strategic importance. It begins with a summary of the two dominant theoretical traditions within which organizational behavior has been viewed. These contrasting perspectives are then applied to the extensive body of empirical findings related to organizational innovation. The result is a discernment of key variables or variable clusters, which provide the basis for alternative accounts of innovative behavior. The emergent use of computers for strategic planning serves as the focus of the study.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128169835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Human service organizations are beginning to utilize computerized information systems for a variety of purposes. This new information technology is expected to have a major impact on human service organizations. However, work to date has explored the impact of information systems designed for administrative and managerial tasks while clinical information systems focusing on direct practice have yet to be studied systematically. In this paper, is described the impact of a clinical information system on the work of line workers and the HSO as a whole. Five stages in the problem solving process are identified: Information collection, information processing, professional judgment, decision making, and action. They are viewed as stages in a feedback loop such that die action sequence of one cycle leads to an information collection stage in the subsequent cycle and so on. The possible impact of a CIS on practitioners at all levels from line worker to HSO clinical leadership is analyzed at each of these ...
{"title":"The impact of clinical information systems on human organizations","authors":"D. Oyserman, R. Benbenishty","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N03_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N03_23","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Human service organizations are beginning to utilize computerized information systems for a variety of purposes. This new information technology is expected to have a major impact on human service organizations. However, work to date has explored the impact of information systems designed for administrative and managerial tasks while clinical information systems focusing on direct practice have yet to be studied systematically. In this paper, is described the impact of a clinical information system on the work of line workers and the HSO as a whole. Five stages in the problem solving process are identified: Information collection, information processing, professional judgment, decision making, and action. They are viewed as stages in a feedback loop such that die action sequence of one cycle leads to an information collection stage in the subsequent cycle and so on. The possible impact of a CIS on practitioners at all levels from line worker to HSO clinical leadership is analyzed at each of these ...","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114373261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This paper examines issues related to applying information technology in behalf of mental health service delivery systems. Each of these issues has an impact on how well information technology has been able to serve the mental health system. These are not primarily information technology issues. They are concerns that have to do with the structure of the mental health system; the way management might use an information system; and the role of money and power in the mental health system. How these issues are resolved will have a major impact on how well the promise inherent in information technology is realized in the coming decade.
{"title":"Information Systems and Mental Health Services","authors":"Paul R. Bintier","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_08","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper examines issues related to applying information technology in behalf of mental health service delivery systems. Each of these issues has an impact on how well information technology has been able to serve the mental health system. These are not primarily information technology issues. They are concerns that have to do with the structure of the mental health system; the way management might use an information system; and the role of money and power in the mental health system. How these issues are resolved will have a major impact on how well the promise inherent in information technology is realized in the coming decade.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131394203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This paper describes the use of computers to manage the Connecticut Clearinghouse, a resource center on alcohol and other drugs. Software packages were used to manage information on resources; to develop a database for monitoring client activities; to create a mailing list; and to publish a newsletter. The paper addresses the selection process, equipment requirements and technical support for computer software. It focuses on introducing computer technology to a small staff, including staff resistance and techniques to overcome barriers to implementation. Discussion centers on the role for supervisors in providing support and making training available to staff to facilitate computerization.
{"title":"Computer Management in a Substance Abuse Resource Center","authors":"Judith E. Bloch Msw","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_19","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper describes the use of computers to manage the Connecticut Clearinghouse, a resource center on alcohol and other drugs. Software packages were used to manage information on resources; to develop a database for monitoring client activities; to create a mailing list; and to publish a newsletter. The paper addresses the selection process, equipment requirements and technical support for computer software. It focuses on introducing computer technology to a small staff, including staff resistance and techniques to overcome barriers to implementation. Discussion centers on the role for supervisors in providing support and making training available to staff to facilitate computerization.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125330874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"CCVC: an innovation in successful coordination","authors":"Joseph Junior Scaria","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124635056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary The requirements for management information systems in human services are conceptually little different from those of many other programs or industry sectors. Yet numerous attempts to develop effective systems for casework services and programs have been unsuccessful. There is ready recognition of the potential for the utilization of information technology but little awareness of the pitfalls inherent in its implementation. A pilot project revealed that critical determinants of success are a function of die quality, extent and nature of the collaboration between agency practitioners, managers at all levels, and system designers. It was found that the technical expertise of the information technology specialist contracted to develop the system was less important. Although there were many interesting technical challenges and components of the project this paper focuses primarily on the model underpinning the system and its implementation within pilot agencies.
{"title":"Bridging the gap between information technology and human services","authors":"P. Briggs, P. Kindler","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_23","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The requirements for management information systems in human services are conceptually little different from those of many other programs or industry sectors. Yet numerous attempts to develop effective systems for casework services and programs have been unsuccessful. There is ready recognition of the potential for the utilization of information technology but little awareness of the pitfalls inherent in its implementation. A pilot project revealed that critical determinants of success are a function of die quality, extent and nature of the collaboration between agency practitioners, managers at all levels, and system designers. It was found that the technical expertise of the information technology specialist contracted to develop the system was less important. Although there were many interesting technical challenges and components of the project this paper focuses primarily on the model underpinning the system and its implementation within pilot agencies.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115322695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary With the increase in specialization of our health care delivery system has come the increased demand for accountability and information. SwdB(c), a tailor-made data base application, is designed to assist the hospital social work director in managing daily operations, planning and tracking resource utilization, monitoring the impact made by social workers, and meeting hospital social work accountability requirements. Both patient data and worker productivity data are included with reports individually prepared to suit the needs of the particular hospital administration. Implications for how such a program can modify social work management information systems as well as (he impact such programs can have on social work practice are discussed.
{"title":"Implementing a data base management information system for hospital social work directors","authors":"P. Raffoul, J. T. Burns","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_10","url":null,"abstract":"Summary With the increase in specialization of our health care delivery system has come the increased demand for accountability and information. SwdB(c), a tailor-made data base application, is designed to assist the hospital social work director in managing daily operations, planning and tracking resource utilization, monitoring the impact made by social workers, and meeting hospital social work accountability requirements. Both patient data and worker productivity data are included with reports individually prepared to suit the needs of the particular hospital administration. Implications for how such a program can modify social work management information systems as well as (he impact such programs can have on social work practice are discussed.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125330896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary This paper reports on a two-year project which developed a computerized multiagency database of respite service users. The project's primary aim was to make seven non-profit respite programs technologically self-sufficient in terms of clinical information. The outcomes of computerization for these agencies are discussed, as well as modifications during the post-project period.
{"title":"The maturation of a multiagency computerization effort for Alzheimer's respite services","authors":"W. Looman, G. Deimling","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_13","url":null,"abstract":"Summary This paper reports on a two-year project which developed a computerized multiagency database of respite service users. The project's primary aim was to make seven non-profit respite programs technologically self-sufficient in terms of clinical information. The outcomes of computerization for these agencies are discussed, as well as modifications during the post-project period.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"356 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122759404","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Excerpts from “Reflections, perspectives and challenges from the south on computer technology and human services in the 1990's: a feminist position”","authors":"M. Benavides","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_04","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121771050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Summary Allocative efficiency in community-based long-term care focuses on using purchased in-home supportive-type services to maximize the expected days of stay in the community of program clients. The paper discusses a DSS to assist case managers to best accomplish this objective. Exposition includes: the optimization principles; a demonstration that the requisite necessary and sufficient conditions of optimization hold; an implementation of the principles in a computational non-intensive algorithm based on a model of community-based long-term care in California that accounts for program priorities. The decision support system that informs case managers about best practice is demonstrated. The gains from its use are evaluated. A 15.4% increase in the community days stay attributable to program is expected from its use.
{"title":"The optimum allocation of in-home supportive-type services in the multipurpose senior services program","authors":"L. Miller","doi":"10.1300/J407V09N01_14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V09N01_14","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Allocative efficiency in community-based long-term care focuses on using purchased in-home supportive-type services to maximize the expected days of stay in the community of program clients. The paper discusses a DSS to assist case managers to best accomplish this objective. Exposition includes: the optimization principles; a demonstration that the requisite necessary and sufficient conditions of optimization hold; an implementation of the principles in a computational non-intensive algorithm based on a model of community-based long-term care in California that accounts for program priorities. The decision support system that informs case managers about best practice is demonstrated. The gains from its use are evaluated. A 15.4% increase in the community days stay attributable to program is expected from its use.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1993-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133681156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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