Richard L. Reinoehl, John Coates, D. Russell, Adam Engst, T. Engst, G. Stosuy
SUMMARY As computer use In health and human service organizations increases, so does the number of workers susceptible to soft tissue and joint dysfunction. These problems can be manifested as low back, cervical, shoulder girdle, and wrist-hand related disorders. Some common, recognizable conditions are Tendinitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and Myofascial Pain Syndrome. An under-uti-lization of ergonomic principles for computer work stations is a primary cause but even strict adherence to ergonomic guidelines can result in disorders. Preventive actions, however, can be taken by introducing relatively simple systemic changes in organizational procedures. Such changes should be part of a broader, more holistic understanding of human relationships within organizations.
{"title":"The computer dilemma: harming the helpers","authors":"Richard L. Reinoehl, John Coates, D. Russell, Adam Engst, T. Engst, G. Stosuy","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N01_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N01_04","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY As computer use In health and human service organizations increases, so does the number of workers susceptible to soft tissue and joint dysfunction. These problems can be manifested as low back, cervical, shoulder girdle, and wrist-hand related disorders. Some common, recognizable conditions are Tendinitis, Carpal Tunnel Syndrome, and Myofascial Pain Syndrome. An under-uti-lization of ergonomic principles for computer work stations is a primary cause but even strict adherence to ergonomic guidelines can result in disorders. Preventive actions, however, can be taken by introducing relatively simple systemic changes in organizational procedures. Such changes should be part of a broader, more holistic understanding of human relationships within organizations.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114632808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY To maximize the accessibility of computers for people with special needs (such as people with handicaps), fundamental changes in the design of the user-computer interface are necessary. The support of user-adapted input devices or techniques and of a multi-sensitive communication embedded in the computer's operating system will be presented. For this, basic models will be shown to describe the user-computer-software system. An analysis of the user's capabilities and the requirements of both software and devices leads to supporting tools that will be implemented by an installation unit. This package of tools will act as an intermediary between the operating system and every application.
{"title":"Computer access for people with special needs","authors":"Harald Weber, G. Zimmermann, K. Zink","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N01_15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N01_15","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY To maximize the accessibility of computers for people with special needs (such as people with handicaps), fundamental changes in the design of the user-computer interface are necessary. The support of user-adapted input devices or techniques and of a multi-sensitive communication embedded in the computer's operating system will be presented. For this, basic models will be shown to describe the user-computer-software system. An analysis of the user's capabilities and the requirements of both software and devices leads to supporting tools that will be implemented by an installation unit. This package of tools will act as an intermediary between the operating system and every application.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133828352","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY The most important skills of the future would be communication skills-that is why communication camps for children and youngsters are implemented. The camp is more than mere media technology, it is a way of living and learning together. At the camp, children take part in five activities: press, video, radio, telecommunications and catering. The theory behind the activities stresses such constructs as interaction, non-hierarchy, cultural change, equal rights, internal luxury and media literacy. The main goal of the camp is to educate children (and adults) to be active builders of the future who work for a tetter interactively-communicative world.
{"title":"Building the future: communication camps—the real utopia!","authors":"Ritva-Sini Härkönen","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N01_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N01_13","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The most important skills of the future would be communication skills-that is why communication camps for children and youngsters are implemented. The camp is more than mere media technology, it is a way of living and learning together. At the camp, children take part in five activities: press, video, radio, telecommunications and catering. The theory behind the activities stresses such constructs as interaction, non-hierarchy, cultural change, equal rights, internal luxury and media literacy. The main goal of the camp is to educate children (and adults) to be active builders of the future who work for a tetter interactively-communicative world.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116636019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
SUMMARY The heightened attention to privacy protection and the enactment of laws to control the flow of personal information is linked to developments in information technology. However, the awesome development in information technology is not the sole reason to give more attention to information control. Citizens have become alert and are more aware of their rights. A key role with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data is taken by the Convention for the Protection of Individuals adopted by the Council of Europe on January 28 1981. The twelve countries of the European Community have signed this treaty and implemented national privacy laws. These laws leave little room for the special requirements of social or epidemiological research. Removing scientific research completely from the scope of privacy laws is not a solution, nor is the full application of rules which were formulated with other problems in mind. The introduction of powerful information technology in scientific research and progress...
{"title":"The legislation on privacy protection and social research","authors":"E. Hove","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N01_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N01_06","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARY The heightened attention to privacy protection and the enactment of laws to control the flow of personal information is linked to developments in information technology. However, the awesome development in information technology is not the sole reason to give more attention to information control. Citizens have become alert and are more aware of their rights. A key role with regard to Automatic Processing of Personal Data is taken by the Convention for the Protection of Individuals adopted by the Council of Europe on January 28 1981. The twelve countries of the European Community have signed this treaty and implemented national privacy laws. These laws leave little room for the special requirements of social or epidemiological research. Removing scientific research completely from the scope of privacy laws is not a solution, nor is the full application of rules which were formulated with other problems in mind. The introduction of powerful information technology in scientific research and progress...","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"66 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116205078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Race equality and information technology in Europe","authors":"K. Bhatti‐Sinclair","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N01_05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N01_05","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127835718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This paper presents a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) for planning and evaluating interventions in the area of vocational rehabilitation of disabled people. On the basis of the conceptual framework of planned, systematic social work? the workers5current practice knowledge was mapped out and a model for planning and evaluating interventions was developed. This model served as the basis for developing the system's prototype. Thissystem has been designed with the full cooperation of the workers., whos following a two-year implementation period, concluded that the system contributes to their professional decision making and interventions.
{"title":"Decision support system for planning and evaluating interventions in vocational rehabilitation services for the disabled","authors":"Dorit Barak, D. Alon, Magi Amara","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N03_04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N03_04","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper presents a Group Decision Support System (GDSS) for planning and evaluating interventions in the area of vocational rehabilitation of disabled people. On the basis of the conceptual framework of planned, systematic social work? the workers5current practice knowledge was mapped out and a model for planning and evaluating interventions was developed. This model served as the basis for developing the system's prototype. Thissystem has been designed with the full cooperation of the workers., whos following a two-year implementation period, concluded that the system contributes to their professional decision making and interventions.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127505360","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT In September 1992, The Netherlands Institute of Care and Welfare (NEW) started development of GIRSTS a computerized information system for the new integrated home care services in The Netherlands. These services integrated home nursing and family care services, with many institutions merging to facilitate the process. Integration of services required reorganization of all of the information processes and new technology provided the opportunity for improvement in their quality. These factors of reorganisation and of new technology opportunities stimulated NIZW to develop GIRST, which is designed as a tool to facilitate provision of care. It is not focused on managerial issues but on the information needs and concerns of those who actually provide care. The process of providing home care can be divided into four stages which correspond with the four modules of GIRST: care coordination-care allocation-care in practice-care evaluation.
{"title":"The development of a computerized information system for integrated home care in The Netherlands","authors":"E. Verkaar","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N03_07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N03_07","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In September 1992, The Netherlands Institute of Care and Welfare (NEW) started development of GIRSTS a computerized information system for the new integrated home care services in The Netherlands. These services integrated home nursing and family care services, with many institutions merging to facilitate the process. Integration of services required reorganization of all of the information processes and new technology provided the opportunity for improvement in their quality. These factors of reorganisation and of new technology opportunities stimulated NIZW to develop GIRST, which is designed as a tool to facilitate provision of care. It is not focused on managerial issues but on the information needs and concerns of those who actually provide care. The process of providing home care can be divided into four stages which correspond with the four modules of GIRST: care coordination-care allocation-care in practice-care evaluation.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114359663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT This paper addresses contemporary problems of unemployment in the Czech Republic (finding optimal alternatives of organizational structures of services of employment agencies). Based on characteristics and knowledge of information flows of the decision making process of claimants of unemployment compensation, a prototype expert system was developed to support this decision making. Results-of this research were evaluated from two points of view-the theoretical and practical benefits.
{"title":"Unemployment in the Czech Republic and development of an expert system for assessing unemployment compensation","authors":"Jana Hančlová","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N03_06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N03_06","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper addresses contemporary problems of unemployment in the Czech Republic (finding optimal alternatives of organizational structures of services of employment agencies). Based on characteristics and knowledge of information flows of the decision making process of claimants of unemployment compensation, a prototype expert system was developed to support this decision making. Results-of this research were evaluated from two points of view-the theoretical and practical benefits.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131594662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT A conceptual framework and methodology to design and implement clinical information systems to support direct practice is described. This article presents an analysis of the information needs of clinicians in human service organizations. Three main uses of information are identified: monitoring/tracking, communicating/ reporting and learning from experience. In order to meet these needs, practitioners have to gather informatioEs store it and process it. The article demonstrates the methodology and conceptual framework with a series of examples of applications.
{"title":"Integrated information systems for human services: a conceptual framework, methodology and technology","authors":"R. Benbenishty, D. Oyserman","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N03_10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N03_10","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT A conceptual framework and methodology to design and implement clinical information systems to support direct practice is described. This article presents an analysis of the information needs of clinicians in human service organizations. Three main uses of information are identified: monitoring/tracking, communicating/ reporting and learning from experience. In order to meet these needs, practitioners have to gather informatioEs store it and process it. The article demonstrates the methodology and conceptual framework with a series of examples of applications.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127996642","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ABSTRACT The history of the Dutch National Databank for Public Social Work began in 1960 in the province of Limburg. Social workers in that province met at a seminar and decided to set up a registration system concerning client characteristics and the counselling process which all the institutes of public social work in Limburg could be required to register in a uniform way. Thirty-three years later Dutch Public Social Work agencies are registering data according to a national system which was wanted, designed and developed by the united local authorities and all the institutes of Public Social Work. As a result, the National Databank for Public Social Work administers the data of all of the 166 institutes in the Netherlands and consequently is privileged to deal with the client characteristics and other specific data of the 250,000 client units that are involved every year with Public Social Work.
{"title":"The Dutch client databank in public social work","authors":"J. Potting","doi":"10.1300/J407V12N03_13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1300/J407V12N03_13","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The history of the Dutch National Databank for Public Social Work began in 1960 in the province of Limburg. Social workers in that province met at a seminar and decided to set up a registration system concerning client characteristics and the counselling process which all the institutes of public social work in Limburg could be required to register in a uniform way. Thirty-three years later Dutch Public Social Work agencies are registering data according to a national system which was wanted, designed and developed by the united local authorities and all the institutes of Public Social Work. As a result, the National Databank for Public Social Work administers the data of all of the 166 institutes in the Netherlands and consequently is privileged to deal with the client characteristics and other specific data of the 250,000 client units that are involved every year with Public Social Work.","PeriodicalId":422385,"journal":{"name":"Computers in Human Services","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1995-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130384007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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