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Origen y evolución del modelo técnico-cultural en la enseñanza del periodismo en España (1887-1975) 西班牙新闻教学技术文化模式的起源与演变(1887-1975)
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02origen
María Alcalá-Santaella, Fernando Bonete Vizcaíno
For much of the 20th century, journalism education in Spain has progressively moved towards its current university status. Traditionally, it has been thought that the model of higher education for Spanish journalists had a mixed character, combining subjects of a cultural nature with purely technical ones. The aim of this research is to research with scientific systematicity the origin and evolution process of this technical-cultural model in the higher education of journalism in Spain through the presentation of the pioneering nonformal or artisanal initiatives –from 1887 to 1926– and the analysis of the cultural and technical subjects contained in the study plans, from its earliest days until journalism is officially considered a university discipline. This retrospective longitudinal and descriptive study covers eight decades of the history of journalism education in Spain (1887-1975), and a total of fourteen syllabuses from seven educational institutions. The research empirically confirms that all the stages of journalism education in Spain have common grounds: the mixed nature of curricula.
在20世纪的大部分时间里,西班牙的新闻教育逐渐向现在的大学地位迈进。传统上,人们一直认为西班牙新闻工作者的高等教育模式具有混合的特征,将文化性质的科目与纯粹的技术科目相结合。本研究的目的是科学系统地研究西班牙高等新闻教育中这种技术文化模式的起源和演变过程,通过介绍从1887年到1926年开创性的非正式或手工活动,并分析研究计划中包含的文化和技术主题,从早期到新闻学被正式认为是一门大学学科。这项回顾性的纵向和描述性研究涵盖了西班牙新闻教育史的八十年(1887-1975),以及来自七所教育机构的十四个教学大纲。实证研究证实,西班牙新闻教育的各个阶段都有一个共同点:课程的混合性。
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引用次数: 0
Incitación al consumo de juguetes a través de ‘youtubers’ infantiles. Estudio de caso 通过儿童“youtuber”鼓励玩具消费。案例研究
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02incita
Alba López Bolás, Paula Neira Placer, Ana Visiers Elizaincín, Beatriz Feijoó Fernández
When the content of youtubers focusses on an excessive consumption of toys in a private environment such as the home, and they transmit positive emotions related to their use, it generates strong empathy especially when it addresses an audience as vulnerable as children. If the commercial interest of these videos is not identified, the ability to influence the children is even greater. This makes the contact of children between the ages of three and six with influencers on YouTube one of the main challenges faced by society. In this case study, all the content published on Vlad and Niki, one of the most popular infant youtuber channels in the world, from its opening in 2018 to 2021, has been analyzed. The results show that children naturally introduce a disproportionate number of toy brands in their videos without disclaiming that it is an advertising agreement. These child influencers encourage the consumption of toys by using them in everyday situations in an entertaining way. After the conclusions have reached, preventive measures are proposed so that the advertising of toys does not promote an excessive desire to obtain and accumulate new products by this audience.
当youtuber的内容专注于在家庭等私人环境中过度消费玩具,并传达与使用玩具相关的积极情绪时,它会产生强烈的同理心,特别是当它针对像儿童这样脆弱的受众时。如果不确定这些视频的商业利益,影响儿童的能力就会更大。这使得3到6岁的儿童与YouTube上有影响力的人接触成为社会面临的主要挑战之一。本案例分析了全球最受欢迎的婴儿youtube频道之一Vlad and Niki从2018年开通到2021年发布的所有内容。结果表明,孩子们在视频中自然地介绍了不成比例的玩具品牌,而不否认这是一项广告协议。这些儿童影响者通过在日常生活中以娱乐的方式使用玩具来鼓励玩具的消费。在得出结论后,提出预防措施,使玩具广告不会促进这一受众过度获取和积累新产品的欲望。
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引用次数: 1
Contenidos audiovisuales educativos y métodos de innovación en la enseñanza técnica universitaria 高校技术教育中的教育视听内容与创新方法
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02conten
Ernesto Taborda-Hernández
The creation of educational audiovisual content has become a necessity in technical subjects in Audiovisual Communication degrees at University. Firstly, due to the definitive implementation of audiovisual technologies on educational platforms and, on the other hand, as a consequence of the pandemic. This article reflects on the use of said contents and its application in university teaching in subjects of a technical or practical nature, to help students gain a better technical understanding of the devices and their application in audiovisual creative processes. The aim of this article is to propose useful and active methodologies that help students to better understand the techniques and processes, motivating a greater involvement of students based on directed practices with PBL and the dynamics of learning by doing. A camera subject has been used as a model where technical knowledge and its creative application provide students with tools to better express themselves in their audiovisual communication projects and with the language used.
教育视听内容的创作已成为高校视听传播专业技术学科的必修课。首先,由于视听技术在教育平台上的最终实施,另一方面,由于大流行的结果。本文对上述内容的使用及其在大学技术性或实践性学科教学中的应用进行了反思,以帮助学生更好地从技术上理解这些设备及其在视听创作过程中的应用。本文的目的是提出有用和积极的方法,帮助学生更好地理解技术和过程,基于PBL的指导实践和实践学习的动态,激励学生更多地参与。摄影学科被用作一个模型,其中技术知识及其创造性应用为学生提供了工具,以便在他们的视听交流项目中更好地表达自己和使用的语言。
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引用次数: 1
De ‘youtubers’ a ‘cultubers’: un fenómeno de divulgación académica, cultural y científica en YouTube 从“youtubers”到“cultubers”:YouTube上学术、文化和科学传播的现象
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02deyout
Á. Buitrago, Alberto Martín García, A. Beltrán-Flandoli
The term youtuber label has sometimes been associated with pejorative considerations when it has been reduced only to define YouTube creators linked to the video game and entertainment sector. Parallel to the quantitative success of this type of youtubers, communicators from practically all academic, cultural and scientific fields have emerged on YouTube in recent years. Cultube is a digital community conceived within the Spanish-speaking digital reality that brings together this kind of creators and promotes this increasing model of science communication on the most popular video social media. Based on a grounded theory methodological orientation, this article presents the results of a semiotic-discursive analysis applied to interviews and ethnographic data collected from the three editions of Cultube held to date: 2018, 2019 and 2021. This case study helps to understand the global and growing phenomenon of cultural and science communicators on YouTube, their role in the global democratization of learning and their potential for the future.
当youtuber标签被简化为只定义与电子游戏和娱乐领域相关的YouTube创作者时,它有时会被与贬义的考虑联系在一起。近年来,几乎所有学术、文化和科学领域的传播者都出现在YouTube上,与这类youtuber数量上的成功并行。Cultube是一个以西班牙语为背景的数字社区,汇集了这类创作者,并在最受欢迎的视频社交媒体上推广这种日益增长的科学传播模式。基于扎根理论的方法论取向,本文介绍了符号学话语分析的结果,该分析应用于访谈和从迄今为止举行的三个版本Cultube(2018年、2019年和2021年)收集的人种志数据。
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引用次数: 1
Nuevos formatos del vídeo electoral en redes. La estrategia multiplataforma de los partidos españoles en las elecciones de 2019 网络选举视频的新格式。西班牙各政党在2019年选举中的多平台战略
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02nuevos
Maite Plazas-Olmedo, Pablo López-Rabadán
After decades of television influence, image and audiovisual language have become central elements of political communication. The irruption of social media has further invigorated the strategic use of video, by allowing the autonomous dissemination of content and a closer approach to citizens. Our objective is to analyze the management of video on social networks as an electoral tool from a novel multiplatform approach. Based on a model of content analysis, the format and degree of spectacularization of the videos are reviewed, and partisan strategies are compared. The sample is made up of 2,566 campaign videos published on the Twitter, Instagram, Facebook and YouTube accounts of the five most voted state parties in the general elections of November 2019: PSOE, PP, VOX, Podemos and Ciudadanos. The results show the appearance of new formats such as the digital spot and a strategic diffusion differentiated by platforms. Spectacularization is manifested, above all, in the bet on the personalization of the leader, to whom professional attributes are assigned.
经过几十年的电视影响,图像和视听语言已经成为政治传播的核心要素。社交媒体的入侵,通过允许内容的自主传播和更接近公民,进一步激发了视频的战略使用。我们的目标是从一种新颖的多平台方法分析社交网络上视频作为选举工具的管理。在内容分析模型的基础上,回顾了视频的格式和奇观化程度,并比较了党派策略。该样本由2019年11月大选中五个得票最多的州政党的推特、Instagram、Facebook和YouTube账户上发布的2566个竞选视频组成:PSOE、PP、VOX、Podemos和Ciudadanos。结果表明,数字点播和平台差异化战略扩散等新业态出现。最重要的是,奇观化体现在对领导者个性化的押注上,他们被赋予了专业属性。
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引用次数: 2
La política a la que jugamos. Cultura, videojuegos y ludoficción política en la plataforma steam 我们玩的政治。steam平台上的文化、电子游戏和政治游戏小说
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02lapoli
S. Gómez-García, Mar Chicharro-Merayo, Mireya Vicent-Ibáñez, Patricia Durántez-Stolle
This research is based on the well-known influence of the media in the political sphere and discourse, as well as the popularity of the Steam platform in the distribution of computer video games. In this way, we propose an analysis of the message of the game cards of games with political content in this medium of content distribution. The selection of the sample is based on a series of keywords (Politics, Political and Political Sim) to identify a representative set of games (n=64) that develop some aspect of contemporary politics (representations, ideologies or models of government). To do so, we combine quantitative and qualitative content analysis of the paratexts of these games (specifically, the contents present in the game card of each of them). The exploration of these contents highlights a pragmatic and normative reading of political activity, influenced by its context of production and certain ideological vectors of the contemporary scene, such as neoliberal ideology.
这项研究是基于媒体在政治领域和话语中的众所周知的影响,以及Steam平台在电脑视频游戏分发中的普及。通过这种方式,我们提出了一种分析带有政治内容的游戏纸牌在这种内容传播媒介中的信息。样本的选择是基于一系列关键词(政治,政治和政治模拟),以确定一组具有代表性的游戏(n=64),这些游戏发展了当代政治的某些方面(代表,意识形态或政府模式)。为此,我们将对这些游戏的文本进行定量和定性的内容分析(具体来说,就是对每款游戏的游戏卡片中的内容进行分析)。对这些内容的探索强调了对政治活动的实用主义和规范性解读,受到其生产背景和当代场景的某些意识形态向量(如新自由主义意识形态)的影响。
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引用次数: 3
Instagram como herramienta motivacional docente: Estudio de caso Instagram作为教学激励工具:案例研究
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-07-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/02instag
Victoria Mora de la Torre, Marta González Caballero
Teaching involves constant training in and adaptation to new technologies and tools for learning. The use of social media in teaching-learning processes is an increasingly widespread practice, although its application in terms of motivation and communication, as a tool to promote greater engagement with students, is still pending. The present proposal contextualizes the use of Instagram as a useful tool that allows the establishment of bonds of trust amongst the members of the training process, allowing the acquisition of knowledge, as well as the transversal competences associated with the degree of Higher Level Training Cycles in Audiovisual Projects, taught at the European University of Madrid. For this purpose, the publications made in an educational account managed by the teacher between 2017-2021 are analyzed in order to validate their use and impact. This analysis shows that students demand this type of initiatives, being especially useful in the context of practical work, in relation to information and communication of activities to be developed, as well as in relation to the visibility of their projects and the strengthening of motivation towards the contents of the degree course.
教学包括对学习新技术和新工具的不断训练和适应。在教学过程中使用社交媒体是一种越来越普遍的做法,尽管它在动机和沟通方面的应用,作为一种促进学生更多参与的工具,仍有待解决。本提案将Instagram的使用作为一种有用的工具,可以在培训过程的成员之间建立信任纽带,从而获得知识,以及与马德里欧洲大学教授的视听项目高级培训周期学位相关的横向能力。为此,分析了该教师在2017-2021年间管理的教育帐户中发表的出版物,以验证其使用和影响。这一分析表明,学生需要这种类型的主动性,这在实际工作的背景下特别有用,与要开发的活动的信息和交流有关,也与他们的项目的可见性有关,并加强对学位课程内容的动机。
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引用次数: 0
Repensando la tecnopolítica desde los procesos electorales 2012 y 2018 en México 对2012年和2018年墨西哥选举过程中的技术政治的重新思考
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/01repens
Isaac de Jesús Palazuelos Rojo, Alejandro Antonio Corvera Sánchez, Irma Daniela Rentería Díaz
This article proposes the technopolitical concept as a way to reflect on media changes both in expressions of demand as in processes of social domination and the shaping of public opinion. Longitudinal digital ethnography was carried out on the 2012 and 2018 electoral processes in Mexico. It is concluded that technopolitics is an assembly process where actors interact, with differentiated political objectives, who seek to transform a given historicity or aspire to preserve existing political structures through mobilizations, actions in social media, media content production and other technological appropriations.
本文提出了技术政治概念,作为一种反映媒体在社会统治过程中的需求表达和公众舆论塑造方面的变化的方式。对墨西哥2012年和2018年的选举过程进行了纵向数字人种学研究。结论是,技术政治是一个集合过程,参与者以不同的政治目标相互作用,寻求改变给定的历史性或渴望通过动员、社交媒体行动、媒体内容生产和其他技术挪用来保护现有的政治结构。
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引用次数: 2
Sexo, drogas y series de adolescentes: análisis sociales de los adolescentes en las series televisivas 性、毒品与青少年电视剧:电视剧中青少年的社会分析
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/01sexodr
Mayte Donstrup
The aim of this study is to analyze the attitudes and social behaviors of the protagonists of teen series; that is, fiction series produced for teenagers. With this aim, a content analysis has been carried out, a technique that has allowed the identification of the most common behaviors and consequences in said fiction series. The sample is composed of the first season of the seven series best rated by their audience in the first quarter of 2020: Elite (Netflix: 2018- ), Chilling Adventures of Sabrina (Netflix: 2018- ), Sex Education (Netflix: 2019- ), 13 Reasons Why (Netflix: 2017), I Am Not Okay with This (Netflix: 2020- ), Riverdale (The WC: 2017- ) y Euphoria (HBO: 2019- ). The results indicate a high percentage of scenes of unprotected sex and alcohol consumption with hardly any negative consequences.
本研究的目的是分析青少年电视剧主角的态度和社会行为;那就是为青少年制作的小说系列。为了实现这一目标,我们进行了内容分析,这种技术可以识别出上述小说系列中最常见的行为和后果。样本由2020年第一季度观众评价最高的七个系列的第一季组成:精英(Netflix: 2018-),萨布丽娜的寒心冒险(Netflix: 2018-),性教育(Netflix: 2019-), 13个原因(Netflix: 2017),我不同意这个(Netflix: 2020-), Riverdale (WC: 2017-)和Euphoria (HBO: 2019-)。结果表明,无保护的性行为和饮酒几乎没有任何负面影响的场景比例很高。
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引用次数: 2
A AUTOEXPOSIÇÃO DE PRATICANTES DE EXERCÍCIOS FÍSICOS COMUNICADA EM REDES SOCIAIS E SUA RELAÇÃO COM O CONSUMO 体育锻炼从业者在社交网络上的自我暴露及其与消费的关系
IF 0.8 Q3 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-01-15 DOI: 10.33732/ixc/12/01aautoe
Emanuel Bezerra de Oliveira, Nathália de Sousa Pereira, Lia Chagas de Lima, Danielle Miranda de Oliveira Arruda Gomes
This research proposes to understand the relationship between the self-exposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media communication and consumption. To this end, we sought to identify the motivations for selfexposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media; identify the types of products consumed that are related to self-exposure on social media and verify the influence between self-exposure of physical exercise practitioners on social media and consumption. Qualitative research was applied, aided by semistructured interviews and by the projective autodriving technique. Twelve men who practice physical exercises in gyms were interviewed. Three categories emerged from the results: exhibitionism, encouraging healthy living and personal fulfillment as antecedents for the self-exposure of physical activity practitioners on social media, and the consumption of food, electronic, sports clothing, applications, and software products was identified, as a way to help the best image that will be exposed. Through the development of a framework, it was found that the self-exposure of the image influences both self-consumption and the consumption of followers. In addition, the concept of conspicuous consumption was broadened by relating the exposure of the conquest of the fitness body as an acquired good that provides social status.
本研究旨在了解体育锻炼从业者在社交媒体传播中的自我暴露与消费之间的关系。为此,我们试图确定体育锻炼从业者在社交媒体上自我暴露的动机;识别与社交媒体自我暴露相关的消费产品类型,验证体育锻炼从业者社交媒体自我暴露与消费之间的影响。在半结构化访谈和投影自动驾驶技术的辅助下,应用了定性研究。12名在健身房锻炼身体的男性接受了采访。从结果中可以得出三个类别:表现欲、鼓励健康生活和个人成就感是体育锻炼从业者在社交媒体上自我曝光的先决条件,而食品、电子产品、运动服装、应用程序和软件产品的消费被确定为有助于展示最佳形象的一种方式。通过框架的开发,发现图像的自我曝光既影响自我消费,也影响追随者的消费。此外,炫耀性消费的概念被拓宽了,因为它将对健康身体的征服作为一种获得性商品,提供了社会地位。
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引用次数: 0
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