Scripta Materialia最新文献

英文中文

Measuring the elastic properties of the Gibeon meteorite using laser ultrasound

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116666

Wenqi Li, Matt Clark, Richard J. Smith

Meteorites provide access to information on the formation and evolution of planetary bodies which is otherwise difficult to study. The unique nature of these samples and their relative scarcity means that non-destructive analysis techniques are needed to study their properties.

This paper uses the laser ultrasound technique spatially resolved acoustic spectroscopy to non-destructively determine both the crystal orientation and the single crystal elastic constants (

C_{i j}

) of a sample of the Gibeon meteorite. There are no published values to directly compare the results of this study, as non-destructive measurements of the single crystal elasticity on granular material have not been possible. Therefore, comparisons with theoretical values for man-made iron-nickel alloys are given showing the

C_{i j}

values are in the expected range. There are studies providing bulk elastic properties of meteorites, and so calculated bulk properties derived from the single crystal elasticity measurements are compared and also agree well.

陨石提供了有关行星体形成和演变的信息，而这些信息是很难研究的。本文利用激光超声技术空间分辨声学光谱法，非破坏性地测定了吉比翁陨石样本的晶体取向和单晶体弹性常数（Cij）。由于无法对颗粒材料的单晶体弹性进行非破坏性测量，因此没有公开发表的数值可直接与本研究的结果进行比较。因此，与人造铁镍合金的理论值比较显示 Cij 值在预期范围内。有研究提供了陨石的块体弹性特性，因此对根据单晶弹性测量得出的计算块体特性进行了比较，结果也非常吻合。

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引用次数: 0

Theoretical ab initio predictions of L12-Al3Zr structure stabilization by vacancy incorporation on the Zr sublattice

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116661

Flemming J.H. Ehlers , Qingkun Tian , Lipeng Ding , Zhihong Jia

This work studies the effect of Zr sublattice vacancy (V_Zr) incorporation on the L1₂-Al₃Zr structure stabilization by first-principles calculations. It is revealed that incorporation of such vacancies in the metastable L1₂ phase is thermodynamically favored, with the energetically most preferred L1₂-Al₃Zr_(1-x)(V_Zr)_x configuration significantly reducing the L1₂ → D0₂₃ transformation driving force at experimentally relevant temperatures. The absence of experimental observation of any significant V_Zr concentration in L1₂ is proposed to result from an unfavorable Zr sublattice vacancy incorporation at the dispersoid-matrix interface, coupled with restrictive diffusion paths of Zr in the precipitate, with calculations providing potential support for this hypothesis. The present findings suggest that a circumvention of this dispersoid-matrix interface barrier to V_Zr incorporation may notably increase the thermal stability of L1₂, representing an important feature on an alternative route to the development of castable Al alloys with superior thermal stability.

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引用次数: 0

Revisiting the phase transformations of wüstite scale formed on low carbon steel

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116657

Cheng-Hung Shih , Liuwen Chang , Wei-Lin Wang , Kuang-Kuo Wang

This work used x-ray diffraction, electron backscatter diffraction and transmission electron microscopy to explore phase transformations of wüstite formed on the surface of a low carbon steel. Wüstite scale soaked at 450°C first transformed into magnetite through heterogeneous nucleation and growth at the magnetite-wüstite interface, followed by the formation of topotactically transformed magnetite with the same orientation as that of the parent wüstite at both the magnetite-wüstite and wüstite-substrate interfaces. Finally, the residual wüstite was exhausted by eutectoid decomposition. The topotactic magnetite grains possessed rugged semicoherent boundaries and occasionally contained untransformed wüstite islands in their interior. In addition, the surrounding parent wüstite exhibited an ordered defect structure which resulted in weak <110> type diffraction spots in electron diffraction patterns. This study explored the potential origins of topotactic transformation.

引用次数: 0

Growth of F-doped BaBiO3 thin films via flow-limited field-injection electrostatic spraying toward experimental realization of wide bandgap topological insulator

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116656

Riley Vesto , Hyungsoo Choi , Kyekyoon Kim

F-doped BaBiO₃ (BBOF), an oxide perovskite predicted theoretically as a wide bandgap topological insulator, is produced in solution phase via flow-limited field-injection electrostatic spraying. BBOF demonstrates insulative properties in optical measurements. Raman spectra indicate the suppression of breathing distortion in BBO due to the electron donation from the substituted fluorine. The F content (α) in the BaBiO_3-αF_α films measured by X-ray photoemission spectroscopy is 0.86. The high F substitution realized in this study contributes to a significant Fermi-level shift, transforming BBO from a high absorption to a transparent phase.

引用次数: 0

Strain partitioning-induced anisotropy in thermomechanically processed magnesium alloys comprised of earth-abundant elements

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116659

Jishnu J. Bhattacharyya , Seth Faberman , Aaron Sullivan , Mainak Saha , Taisuke Sasaki , Sean R. Agnew

Dilute Mg alloys based upon earth-abundant elements, e.g., Al, Ca, and Zn have attractive combinations of strength, ductility, and workability. Even higher strength can be obtained in work-hardened material without the heat treatments required to induce Guinier-Preston zone strengthening of previously studied versions of these alloys. This stems from a slightly stronger crystallographic texture than is present after solutionizing, a high dislocation density, and to a lesser degree, a fine distribution of globular Zn-rich precipitates. The anisotropic plastic response of sheet material is described using an elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent (EVPSC) polycrystal model. Strain partitioning between grains during rolling-induced strain hardening is held responsible for the yield strength, ductility, and especially, strain hardening anisotropy. Texture-induced plastic anisotropy is well-known, but the effect of strong partitioning of strain between variously oriented grains is critical to explain what may be classified as a sort of strain path change (generalized Bauschinger) effect.

{"title":"Strain partitioning-induced anisotropy in thermomechanically processed magnesium alloys comprised of earth-abundant elements","authors":"Jishnu J. Bhattacharyya , Seth Faberman , Aaron Sullivan , Mainak Saha , Taisuke Sasaki , Sean R. Agnew","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116659","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116659","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dilute Mg alloys based upon earth-abundant elements, e.g., Al, Ca, and Zn have attractive combinations of strength, ductility, and workability. Even higher strength can be obtained in work-hardened material without the heat treatments required to induce Guinier-Preston zone strengthening of previously studied versions of these alloys. This stems from a slightly stronger crystallographic texture than is present after solutionizing, a high dislocation density, and to a lesser degree, a fine distribution of globular Zn-rich precipitates. The anisotropic plastic response of sheet material is described using an elasto-viscoplastic self-consistent (EVPSC) polycrystal model. Strain partitioning between grains during rolling-induced strain hardening is held responsible for the yield strength, ductility, and especially, strain hardening anisotropy. Texture-induced plastic anisotropy is well-known, but the effect of strong partitioning of strain between variously oriented grains is critical to explain what may be classified as a sort of strain path change (generalized Bauschinger) effect.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 116659"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exchange bias phenomena in Pr-doped MnBi magnets at low temperatures

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116658

Wei Li , Yuhua Hou , Wenyan Yu , Zhiqiang Shi , Xiaoyan Cheng , Huiyong Yang , Dunhui Wang , Youlin Huang

MnBi magnets hold significant potential for the development of high-performance non-rare-earth permanent magnets. The exchange bias phenomenon plays a crucial role in enhancing their coercivity. Pr-doped MnBi alloys exhibits a pronounced exchange bias effect at low temperatures. The exchange bias field initially increases with Pr doping, reaching a maximum of 9.37 kOe, and then decreases at higher doping levels, while the coercivity peaks at 17.59 kOe. The exchange bias field diminishes with rising temperature, applied magnetic field, and repeated magnetic cycling, highlighting its sensitivity to these factors. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that the exchange bias arises from strong interfacial coupling between the ferromagnetic MnBi phase and an amorphous antiferromagnetic phase. The simulations also reproduce the training effect, demonstrating a gradual reduction in net magnetization at the antiferromagnetic interface with repeated cycling. This study advances the understanding of exchange bias phenomena and contributes to the development of high-performance MnBi magnets.

{"title":"Exchange bias phenomena in Pr-doped MnBi magnets at low temperatures","authors":"Wei Li , Yuhua Hou , Wenyan Yu , Zhiqiang Shi , Xiaoyan Cheng , Huiyong Yang , Dunhui Wang , Youlin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116658","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116658","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>MnBi magnets hold significant potential for the development of high-performance non-rare-earth permanent magnets. The exchange bias phenomenon plays a crucial role in enhancing their coercivity. Pr-doped MnBi alloys exhibits a pronounced exchange bias effect at low temperatures. The exchange bias field initially increases with Pr doping, reaching a maximum of 9.37 kOe, and then decreases at higher doping levels, while the coercivity peaks at 17.59 kOe. The exchange bias field diminishes with rising temperature, applied magnetic field, and repeated magnetic cycling, highlighting its sensitivity to these factors. Micromagnetic simulations reveal that the exchange bias arises from strong interfacial coupling between the ferromagnetic MnBi phase and an amorphous antiferromagnetic phase. The simulations also reproduce the training effect, demonstrating a gradual reduction in net magnetization at the antiferromagnetic interface with repeated cycling. This study advances the understanding of exchange bias phenomena and contributes to the development of high-performance MnBi magnets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 116658"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

First-principles investigation of alloying effects on stacking fault energies and lattice constants of γ′′-Ni3Nb: A comprehensive study

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116653

Amir Hasan, Sankalp Biswal, Debalay Chakrabarti, Manas Paliwal

The impact of solute elements on the stacking fault energies (SFE) in γ′′-Ni₃Nb is imperative to ascertain to design of new Ni-based superalloys. Although few experimental studies are available that determine the SFE in Ni alloys, a comprehensive and systematic study on the effect of solute elements on γ′′-Ni₃Nb is unknown. In this study, first-principles calculations based on density functional theory were employed to investigate the effect of solutes. All the relevant d-block elements were evaluated. Substitutions at Ni and Nb sites were examined to assess their effects on intrinsic stacking fault (ISF), superlattice intrinsic stacking fault (SISF), and anti-phase boundary (APB-I) energies. The study elucidated that Ti, V, Co, and Fe are expected to inhibit the formation of detrimental delta phase and improve the mechanical properties. These findings offer insights into optimizing γ′′-strengthened Ni-based superalloys through tailored alloying strategies for enhancing the application of these alloys.

溶质元素对γ′′-Ni3Nb 中堆叠断层能（SFE）的影响对于确定新型镍基超合金的设计至关重要。虽然确定镍合金中 SFE 的实验研究很少，但关于溶质元素对γ′′-Ni3Nb 影响的全面系统研究尚属未知。本研究采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理计算来研究溶质的影响。对所有相关的 d 块元素都进行了评估。对镍和铌位点的取代进行了研究，以评估它们对本征堆积断层（ISF）、超晶格本征堆积断层（SISF）和反相界（APB-I）能量的影响。研究阐明，钛、钒、钴和铁有望抑制有害三角相的形成，并改善机械性能。这些发现为通过量身定制的合金策略优化γ′′-强化镍基超级合金以提高这些合金的应用提供了启示。

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引用次数: 0

From impurity ingress to high-performance doping: A perspective on atom probe tomography in energy materials

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116648

Baptiste Gault , Leonardo Shoji Aota , Mathias Krämer , Se-Ho Kim

In this perspective article, we illustrate how advanced characterization, particularly atom probe tomography (APT), is crucial for detecting trace impurities, which can significantly affect a material's true properties. Drawing examples from studies focused on nanoelectrocatalysts, we show how contaminants can instead be turned into dopants to tune functionality. We then showcase how these concepts extend into other materials systems, including bulk thermoelectrics and 2D materials. Quantifying the distribution of impurities is critical for advancing the rational design of sustainable, next-generation materials, particularly as recycled, impurity-rich feedstocks will become the norm in a circular materials economy.

引用次数: 0

Convolutional neural network for automated quantitative analysis of non-destructively acquired three-dimensional corrosion pit morphology data

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116660

Kasturi Narasimha Sasidhar, Rohan Ahuja, Carson Lukas, Kumar Sridharan

We have trained an autoencoder-decoder type convolutional neural network for automated quantitative analysis of three-dimensional corrosion-pit morphology data. We have used pit morphology data, acquired non-destructively using scanning white light interferometry from AISI 304 stainless steel specimens subjected to different surface modification treatments, followed by potentiodynamic polarization corrosion testing. The autoencoder was designed to compress the high-dimensional input pit morphology data into a latent space of two variables, from which the decoder produces reconstructions of the input data. Analysis of the compressed data in the latent space led to the identification of a unique vector which encompassed most of the data points. Application of the model to artificially constructed semi-ellipsoidal pits with independently quantifiable morphological characteristics showed that the vector was analogous to ‘effective sharpness’ of pits, helping define a ‘sharpness/bluntness’ metric for arbitrarily shaped corrosion pits, that can be linked to their propensity to transition into stress corrosion cracks.

{"title":"Convolutional neural network for automated quantitative analysis of non-destructively acquired three-dimensional corrosion pit morphology data","authors":"Kasturi Narasimha Sasidhar, Rohan Ahuja, Carson Lukas, Kumar Sridharan","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116660","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116660","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We have trained an autoencoder-decoder type convolutional neural network for automated quantitative analysis of three-dimensional corrosion-pit morphology data. We have used pit morphology data, acquired non-destructively using scanning white light interferometry from AISI 304 stainless steel specimens subjected to different surface modification treatments, followed by potentiodynamic polarization corrosion testing. The autoencoder was designed to compress the high-dimensional input pit morphology data into a latent space of two variables, from which the decoder produces reconstructions of the input data. Analysis of the compressed data in the latent space led to the identification of a unique vector which encompassed most of the data points. Application of the model to artificially constructed semi-ellipsoidal pits with independently quantifiable morphological characteristics showed that the vector was analogous to ‘effective sharpness’ of pits, helping define a ‘sharpness/bluntness’ metric for arbitrarily shaped corrosion pits, that can be linked to their propensity to transition into stress corrosion cracks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 116660"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143643594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reactive synthesis and ultrafast sintering of refractory compositionally complex alloy-carbide composites

IF 5.3 2区材料科学 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Scripta Materialia

Pub Date : 2025-03-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116654

Sashank Shivakumar , Jingjing Yang , Jian Luo

Refractory compositionally complex alloy (RCCA) NbMoTaW with a well-dispersed compositionally complex carbide (CCC) reinforcing secondary phase is made through high-energy ball milling (HEBM) and ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS). Stearic acid is used as a process control agent (PCA) for HEBM and a carbon source to form a controllable fraction (∼2–20 vol%) of CCC in-situ via reactive synthesis. Ultrahigh heating rates of ∼100 °C/s enable sintering of dense (∼92–95 % relative densities) bulk compacts of RCCA-CCC composites at ∼1850 °C in ∼70 s. With the addition of 0.1–0.75 wt% PCA, ultrafast sintering enables the formation of a favorable P

\bar{3}

m1 subcarbide CCC phase, (Nb_0.37Mo_0.11Ta_0.39W_0.13)₂C. A thermodynamic model is developed to explain the observed Nb and Ta enrichments in (Nb_0.37Mo_0.11Ta_0.39W_0.13)₂C. An additional rock-salt monocarbide CCC phase forms with more carbon source addition (1 wt% PCA). The well-dispersed and fine-grained CCC precipitates result in grain size refinement and a corresponding increase in hardness.

{"title":"Reactive synthesis and ultrafast sintering of refractory compositionally complex alloy-carbide composites","authors":"Sashank Shivakumar , Jingjing Yang , Jian Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116654","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116654","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refractory compositionally complex alloy (RCCA) NbMoTaW with a well-dispersed compositionally complex carbide (CCC) reinforcing secondary phase is made through high-energy ball milling (HEBM) and ultrafast high-temperature sintering (UHS). Stearic acid is used as a process control agent (PCA) for HEBM and a carbon source to form a controllable fraction (∼2–20 vol%) of CCC in-situ via reactive synthesis. Ultrahigh heating rates of ∼100 °C/s enable sintering of dense (∼92–95 % relative densities) bulk compacts of RCCA-CCC composites at ∼1850 °C in ∼70 s. With the addition of 0.1–0.75 wt% PCA, ultrafast sintering enables the formation of a favorable P<span><math><mover><mn>3</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover></math></span>m1 subcarbide CCC phase, (Nb<sub>0.37</sub>Mo<sub>0.11</sub>Ta<sub>0.39</sub>W<sub>0.13</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C. A thermodynamic model is developed to explain the observed Nb and Ta enrichments in (Nb<sub>0.37</sub>Mo<sub>0.11</sub>Ta<sub>0.39</sub>W<sub>0.13</sub>)<sub>2</sub>C. An additional rock-salt monocarbide CCC phase forms with more carbon source addition (1 wt% PCA). The well-dispersed and fine-grained CCC precipitates result in grain size refinement and a corresponding increase in hardness.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"262 ","pages":"Article 116654"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143682416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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