Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116546
Liang Xia , Jia Huang , Yiheng Chen , Yuxin Liu , Ke Jin , Xujia Wang , Shuan Xia , Hongchang Wang , Ling Li , Jianming Xue , Yugang Wang , Chenxu Wang
The dose rate-dependent microstructure evolution and hardening of FCC-Ni was investigated. Irradiations were conducted using 6 MeV I3+ ions at a temperature of 723 K, across four distinct dose rates. TEM analyses revealed that with increasing dose rate, the size of dislocation loops decreased while their density increased. In contrast, both the size and density of voids exhibited a declining trend. The defect dynamics were considered to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these findings. Nano-indentation test was utilized to evaluate the depth-dependent hardness, revealing a pronounced irradiation hardening effect that diminished as the dose rate increased. A mechanistic model was developed, incorporating the hardening contributions of irradiation-induced voids and loops, along with the role of dislocation networks. The model provided an analysis of microstructure parameters and strengthening coefficients with respect to dose rate, identifying the dominant hardening mechanisms at various depths and highlighting their evolution with dose rate.
{"title":"Microstructure evolution and hardening behavior in FCC Ni under ion irradiation: Influence of dose rate","authors":"Liang Xia , Jia Huang , Yiheng Chen , Yuxin Liu , Ke Jin , Xujia Wang , Shuan Xia , Hongchang Wang , Ling Li , Jianming Xue , Yugang Wang , Chenxu Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116546","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116546","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dose rate-dependent microstructure evolution and hardening of FCC-Ni was investigated. Irradiations were conducted using 6 MeV I<sup>3+</sup> ions at a temperature of 723 K, across four distinct dose rates. TEM analyses revealed that with increasing dose rate, the size of dislocation loops decreased while their density increased. In contrast, both the size and density of voids exhibited a declining trend. The defect dynamics were considered to elucidate the underlying mechanisms of these findings. Nano-indentation test was utilized to evaluate the depth-dependent hardness, revealing a pronounced irradiation hardening effect that diminished as the dose rate increased. A mechanistic model was developed, incorporating the hardening contributions of irradiation-induced voids and loops, along with the role of dislocation networks. The model provided an analysis of microstructure parameters and strengthening coefficients with respect to dose rate, identifying the dominant hardening mechanisms at various depths and highlighting their evolution with dose rate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116546"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116537
Nikita Polin , Alexander M. Gabay , Chaoya Han , Christopher Chan , Se-Ho Kim , Chaoyang Ni , Oliver Gutfleisch , George C. Hadjipanayis , Baptiste Gault
ThMn12-type (Sm,Zr)1(Fe,Co,Ti)12 compounds show great potential for permanent magnets. Magnetically hard anisotropic powders prepared via reduction-diffusion exhibit a significant increase in coercivity from 0.45 T to 1.26 T as the processing temperature is raised from 990 °C to 1220 °C. Structural and microchemical analyses at high-resolution reveal that high-temperature processing annihilates grain boundaries (GBs) and reduces the density of twin boundaries (TBs), which are defects acting as weak links limiting the coercivity in the 1:12 system. Ostwald ripening is proposed as the mechanism behind the reduction of GB and TB densities at higher temperature, driven by the reduction in interfacial energy and enhancing atomic structural uniformity.
{"title":"Understanding high coercivity in ThMn12-type Sm–Zr–Fe–Co–Ti permanent magnet powders through nanoscale analysis","authors":"Nikita Polin , Alexander M. Gabay , Chaoya Han , Christopher Chan , Se-Ho Kim , Chaoyang Ni , Oliver Gutfleisch , George C. Hadjipanayis , Baptiste Gault","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>ThMn<sub>12</sub>-type (Sm,Zr)<sub>1</sub>(Fe,Co,Ti)<sub>12</sub> compounds show great potential for permanent magnets. Magnetically hard anisotropic powders prepared via reduction-diffusion exhibit a significant increase in coercivity from 0.45 T to 1.26 T as the processing temperature is raised from 990 °C to 1220 °C. Structural and microchemical analyses at high-resolution reveal that high-temperature processing annihilates grain boundaries (GBs) and reduces the density of twin boundaries (TBs), which are defects acting as weak links limiting the coercivity in the 1:12 system. Ostwald ripening is proposed as the mechanism behind the reduction of GB and TB densities at higher temperature, driven by the reduction in interfacial energy and enhancing atomic structural uniformity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116537"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116541
Jungho Shin, Matt Pharr
Zinc is a multivalent metal that holds significant promise as an anode material in rechargeable batteries owing to its high capacity. Likewise, zinc-based batteries’ compatibility with aqueous electrolytes enhances their safety by minimizing the risk of thermal runaway, a common concern in alkali-metal-based batteries. Bulk-scale mechanical properties of Zn have been well-studied. However, electrodeposits that form during electrochemical cycling often initiate at the nano-scale and grow to bulk-scales; as such, herein we investigated the mechanical properties of Zn metal across length-scales, from nano to bulk, utilizing various mechanical testing techniques. Our findings revealed that Zn exhibits a comparably moderate ‘size effect’ of hardness between the nano and bulk scales but that its mechanical properties are significantly sensitive to strain rate. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings in the context of secondary battery applications.
{"title":"Exploring the mechanical properties of zinc metal across various length scales and strain rates for battery applications","authors":"Jungho Shin, Matt Pharr","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Zinc is a multivalent metal that holds significant promise as an anode material in rechargeable batteries owing to its high capacity. Likewise, zinc-based batteries’ compatibility with aqueous electrolytes enhances their safety by minimizing the risk of thermal runaway, a common concern in alkali-metal-based batteries. Bulk-scale mechanical properties of Zn have been well-studied. However, electrodeposits that form during electrochemical cycling often <u>initiate at the nano-scale</u> and <u>grow to bulk-scales</u>; as such, herein we investigated the mechanical properties of Zn metal across length-scales, from nano to bulk, utilizing various mechanical testing techniques. Our findings revealed that Zn exhibits a comparably moderate ‘size effect’ of hardness between the nano and bulk scales but that its mechanical properties are significantly sensitive to strain rate. We conclude by discussing the implications of these findings in the context of secondary battery applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116541"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116562
Z.H. Cao , W.L. Zhao , M.J. Kai , Z.Y. Cheng , Y.J. Ma , X.T. Wang , J. Cheng , Y.Y. Hu , T.R. Xu , X.Y. Song , S. Wu
Refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) have a high melting point and strength, exhibiting great potential for high-temperature applications. In this work, a novel single-phase Ti60(AlVCr)28Mo12 RHEA with a low density of 5.3 g/cm3 is reported, exhibiting a high strength and plasticity at room and elevated temperatures. The single-phase RHEA has a high yield strength of 760 MPa with a significant strain hardening capability at 600 °C and remains 530 MPa as the temperature increases to 800 °C, which is twice as high as dual-phase Ti60(AlVCr)40 RHEA. Mo element has effectively stabilized the high-entropy BCC solid solution phase, inhibiting the formation of ordered precipitates in the matrix phase. The severe lattice distortion increases the dislocation movement barrier and thereby promotes the dislocation multiplication during high-temperature plastic deformation, resulting in significant strain hardening. The strong solid solution strengthening originating from large modulus mismatch is mainly responsible for the enhanced high-temperature softening resistance.
{"title":"Superior high-temperature strength induced by solid solution strengthening in light-weight refractory high entropy alloy","authors":"Z.H. Cao , W.L. Zhao , M.J. Kai , Z.Y. Cheng , Y.J. Ma , X.T. Wang , J. Cheng , Y.Y. Hu , T.R. Xu , X.Y. Song , S. Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116562","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116562","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) have a high melting point and strength, exhibiting great potential for high-temperature applications. In this work, a novel single-phase Ti<sub>60</sub>(AlVCr)<sub>28</sub>Mo<sub>12</sub> RHEA with a low density of 5.3 g/cm<sup>3</sup> is reported, exhibiting a high strength and plasticity at room and elevated temperatures. The single-phase RHEA has a high yield strength of 760 MPa with a significant strain hardening capability at 600 °C and remains 530 MPa as the temperature increases to 800 °C, which is twice as high as dual-phase Ti<sub>60</sub>(AlVCr)<sub>40</sub> RHEA. Mo element has effectively stabilized the high-entropy BCC solid solution phase, inhibiting the formation of ordered precipitates in the matrix phase. The severe lattice distortion increases the dislocation movement barrier and thereby promotes the dislocation multiplication during high-temperature plastic deformation, resulting in significant strain hardening. The strong solid solution strengthening originating from large modulus mismatch is mainly responsible for the enhanced high-temperature softening resistance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116562"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116560
Ning Xu , Lingyu Wang , Jun Hu , Yuxiang Wu , Xiaolu Wei , Weilin Xue , Zhisong Chai , Jinliang Wang , Yizhuang Li , Wei Xu
Fabricating quenching and partitioning (Q&P) steels with less mechanical heterogeneity among phases is crucial for achieving balanced strength and formability. In the present study, we demonstrate a strategy for fine-tuning the microstructural inheritance effect to optimize the final microstructure. This approach involves a rapid cooling and tempering step after hot rolling to template an initial microstructure with uniformly distributed ferrite laths. The final microstructure contains a higher volume fraction of primary martensite and stable retained austenite, leading to enhancement in both strength and ductility. The templating method also eliminates bulky ferrite and significantly reduces strain localization, as demonstrated by microscopic digital image correlation (μ-DIC). The templated final microstructure not only achieves higher yield strength compared to existing Q&P980 steels, but also exhibits simultaneous improvement in elongation and stretch-flangeability. Our findings suggest that it is essential to consider and leverage the inheritance effect to optimize products with long processing chains.
{"title":"Enabling strong and formable advanced high-strength steels through inherited homogeneous microstructure","authors":"Ning Xu , Lingyu Wang , Jun Hu , Yuxiang Wu , Xiaolu Wei , Weilin Xue , Zhisong Chai , Jinliang Wang , Yizhuang Li , Wei Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116560","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fabricating quenching and partitioning (Q&P) steels with less mechanical heterogeneity among phases is crucial for achieving balanced strength and formability. In the present study, we demonstrate a strategy for fine-tuning the microstructural inheritance effect to optimize the final microstructure. This approach involves a rapid cooling and tempering step after hot rolling to template an initial microstructure with uniformly distributed ferrite laths. The final microstructure contains a higher volume fraction of primary martensite and stable retained austenite, leading to enhancement in both strength and ductility. The templating method also eliminates bulky ferrite and significantly reduces strain localization, as demonstrated by microscopic digital image correlation (μ-DIC). The templated final microstructure not only achieves higher yield strength compared to existing Q&P980 steels, but also exhibits simultaneous improvement in elongation and stretch-flangeability. Our findings suggest that it is essential to consider and leverage the inheritance effect to optimize products with long processing chains.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116560"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170001","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116547
Yu Liu , Zhuang Liu , Chaoqun Zhu , Haichen Wu , Yang Yang , Yaowen Li , Dongliang Tan , Rui Xia , Shiheng Zhang , Lvyuan Hao , Renjie Chen , Aru Yan
As a diffusion channel for Cu, the lamellar phase significantly influences the magnetic properties of Sm2Co17-type magnets, but its formation process remains unclear. In this paper, the impact of Lu substitution on Sm2Co17-type magnets was investigated. The inclusion of Lu was observed to significantly facilitate an increase in the 2:17R' phase within the solid solution. The increased 2:17R' phase leads to a rapid precipitation of the lamellar phase during aging treatment, as the ABBA-type atomic layer stacking structure promotes the formation of a 1:3R phase. Furthermore, the premature formation of the 1:3R phase inhibits subsequent continuous precipitation of the cell boundary phase, leading to a decrease in coercivity. However, the Cu content in cell boundary phase increases, optimizing the coercivity temperature coefficient from -0.17 %/ °C to -0.15 %/ °C between RT and 823 K. Our elucidation of the lamellar phase formation provides novel insights for optimizing the high-temperature magnetic performance of Sm2Co17-type magnets.
{"title":"The evolution of lamellar phase and its effect on high temperature magnetic properties in Lu-doped Sm2Co17-type magnets","authors":"Yu Liu , Zhuang Liu , Chaoqun Zhu , Haichen Wu , Yang Yang , Yaowen Li , Dongliang Tan , Rui Xia , Shiheng Zhang , Lvyuan Hao , Renjie Chen , Aru Yan","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116547","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116547","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As a diffusion channel for Cu, the lamellar phase significantly influences the magnetic properties of Sm<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>17</sub>-type magnets, but its formation process remains unclear. In this paper, the impact of Lu substitution on Sm<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>17</sub>-type magnets was investigated. The inclusion of Lu was observed to significantly facilitate an increase in the 2:17R' phase within the solid solution. The increased 2:17R' phase leads to a rapid precipitation of the lamellar phase during aging treatment, as the ABBA-type atomic layer stacking structure promotes the formation of a 1:3R phase. Furthermore, the premature formation of the 1:3R phase inhibits subsequent continuous precipitation of the cell boundary phase, leading to a decrease in coercivity. However, the Cu content in cell boundary phase increases, optimizing the coercivity temperature coefficient from -0.17 %/ °C to -0.15 %/ °C between RT and 823 K. Our elucidation of the lamellar phase formation provides novel insights for optimizing the high-temperature magnetic performance of Sm<sub>2</sub>Co<sub>17</sub>-type magnets.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116547"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116557
Yi-Ting Hsu , Nian-Hu Lu , Yuta Kimura , Ryosuke Kainuma , Chih-Hsuan Chen
This study utilized the melt-spinning technique to suppress the formation of coarse Ti2Ni-type second phases. The amorphous as-spun ribbon was treated at 1000 °C for 3 min and fully crystallized with B2 matrix and nano-scale Ti2Ni-type second phase. The Ti2Ni-type second phase was evenly dispersed in the B2 matrix, with its diameter limited to below 325 nm. By reducing the size of the Ti2Ni-type second phase from micro-scale to nano-scale, the crystallized ribbon showed excellent ductility under tensile deformation. The ribbon exhibited superelasticity at a wide temperature range between 20 and 200 °C with a maximum recoverable strain of 4 %. Furthermore, the ribbon delivered a promising shape memory effect with a recoverable strain of 5.3 %. The melt-spinning technique conquered the brittleness problem of TiNi-based high entropy shape memory alloys, enabling TiNi-based high entropy shape memory alloys to be designed and applied for versatile applications.
{"title":"Improving ductility and functional properties of (TiZrHf)50Ni25Co10Cu15 high entropy shape memory by melt-spinning technique","authors":"Yi-Ting Hsu , Nian-Hu Lu , Yuta Kimura , Ryosuke Kainuma , Chih-Hsuan Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116557","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116557","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilized the melt-spinning technique to suppress the formation of coarse Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni-type second phases. The amorphous as-spun ribbon was treated at 1000 °C for 3 min and fully crystallized with B2 matrix and nano-scale Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni-type second phase. The Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni-type second phase was evenly dispersed in the B2 matrix, with its diameter limited to below 325 nm. By reducing the size of the Ti<sub>2</sub>Ni-type second phase from micro-scale to nano-scale, the crystallized ribbon showed excellent ductility under tensile deformation. The ribbon exhibited superelasticity at a wide temperature range between 20 and 200 °C with a maximum recoverable strain of 4 %. Furthermore, the ribbon delivered a promising shape memory effect with a recoverable strain of 5.3 %. The melt-spinning technique conquered the brittleness problem of TiNi-based high entropy shape memory alloys, enabling TiNi-based high entropy shape memory alloys to be designed and applied for versatile applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116557"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-13DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116539
Wenqian Wu , Shenlan Yang , Jian-Feng Nie , Amit Misra , Jian Wang
Atomistic simulations, crystallographic analysis and experimental HAADF-STEM images were used to elucidate the dislocation mechanisms of shearing Ω phase (Al2Cu) nano-plates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Slip transmission across the Ω phase was found to be associated with the ¼ slip system because of a higher geometric compatibility factor and a lower residual dislocation magnitude associated with this slip system as compared to others. This study highlights the role of nano-plate size, shape and geometry on the impeding effect on dislocation motion and the plastic co-deformation capability associated with slip transmission.
{"title":"Slip transmission across plate-shaped Ω nano-precipitates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys","authors":"Wenqian Wu , Shenlan Yang , Jian-Feng Nie , Amit Misra , Jian Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Atomistic simulations, crystallographic analysis and experimental HAADF-STEM images were used to elucidate the dislocation mechanisms of shearing Ω phase (Al<sub>2</sub>Cu) nano-plates in Al-Cu-Mg-Ag alloys. Slip transmission across the Ω phase was found to be associated with the ¼<span><math><mrow><mrow><mo>[</mo><mrow><mover><mn>1</mn><mo>¯</mo></mover><mn>01</mn></mrow><mo>]</mo></mrow><msub><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>101</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mstyle><mi>Ω</mi></mstyle></msub></mrow></math></span> slip system because of a higher geometric compatibility factor and a lower residual dislocation magnitude associated with this slip system as compared to others. This study highlights the role of nano-plate size, shape and geometry on the impeding effect on dislocation motion and the plastic co-deformation capability associated with slip transmission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116539"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169998","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Understanding transport properties in ion conductive solids is key to supporting the development of devices for energy conversion, e.g., solid oxide electrochemical cells. Because of the complex nanostructured nature of such materials they have numerous types of grain boundaries and the prediction of the percolation path becomes challenging. We employ, for the first time, a combination of 3D orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy to map crystal orientation and doping concentration with nm-precision to predict 3D ion percolation paths in state-of-the-art electrospun (Ce0.9Gd0.1O1.95) nanofibres. The results show that the conductivity of CGO nanofibres are affected by grain- and diameter size. Furthermore, we show that 3D-OMiTEM is a powerful non-destructive tool for determining 3D ion percolation paths with nm-precision of complex nanostructures.
{"title":"3D Ion percolation path in gadolinium doped ceria nanofibres for solid oxide electrochemical cells","authors":"Sofie Colding-Fagerholt , Søren Bredmose Simonsen , Peter Stanley Jørgensen , Wenjing Zhang , Xiaoxu Huang , Søren Schmidt , Luise Theil Kuhn","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116545","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116545","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding transport properties in ion conductive solids is key to supporting the development of devices for energy conversion, e.g., solid oxide electrochemical cells. Because of the complex nanostructured nature of such materials they have numerous types of grain boundaries and the prediction of the percolation path becomes challenging. We employ, for the first time, a combination of 3D orientation mapping in the transmission electron microscope and energy filtered transmission electron microscopy to map crystal orientation and doping concentration with nm-precision to predict 3D ion percolation paths in state-of-the-art electrospun (Ce<sub>0.9</sub>Gd<sub>0.1</sub>O<sub>1.95</sub>) nanofibres. The results show that the conductivity of CGO nanofibres are affected by grain- and diameter size. Furthermore, we show that 3D-OMiTEM is a powerful non-destructive tool for determining 3D ion percolation paths with nm-precision of complex nanostructures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116545"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143169999","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116542
Mei-Xuan Li , Ying-Bin Jiao , Yi-Jia Li , Wei-Jiang Guo , Zhen-Ming Hua , Yipeng Gao , Hailong Jia , Peng Chen , Hui-Yuan Wang
Increasing dislocation density is conducive to improving strength of Mg alloys, while the corrosion resistance would be considerably compromised because high-energy dislocations preferentially suffer severe corrosion. Herein, an appreciable flow stress increment of ∼43 MPa (from ∼191 MPa to ∼234 MPa) with no sacrifice of corrosion resistance could be achieved in solutioned Mg-2Zn-1Sn-0.5Ca (wt.%, ZTX210) alloy after 2 % pre-stretch and aging treatment. Even though introducing higher density of dislocations after 5 % pre-stretch, the aged alloy does not show deterioration in corrosion resistance compared to the solutioned counterpart. The reduced elastic strain energy around basal 〈a〉 dislocation cores by co-segregation of Zn, Ca and Sn atoms accounts for the inhibited adverse effect of dislocations on corrosion resistance. The solute co-segregation could also pin dislocation motion, thereby endowing alloy with excellent bake-hardenability. This work would provide new insights to fabricate strong and anti-corrosive Mg alloys.
{"title":"A bake-hardenable Mg-Zn-Sn-Ca alloy addressing strength-corrosion trade-off via solute segregation to dislocations","authors":"Mei-Xuan Li , Ying-Bin Jiao , Yi-Jia Li , Wei-Jiang Guo , Zhen-Ming Hua , Yipeng Gao , Hailong Jia , Peng Chen , Hui-Yuan Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.scriptamat.2025.116542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Increasing dislocation density is conducive to improving strength of Mg alloys, while the corrosion resistance would be considerably compromised because high-energy dislocations preferentially suffer severe corrosion. Herein, an appreciable flow stress increment of ∼43 MPa (from ∼191 MPa to ∼234 MPa) with no sacrifice of corrosion resistance could be achieved in solutioned Mg-2Zn-1Sn-0.5Ca (wt.%, ZTX210) alloy after 2 % pre-stretch and aging treatment. Even though introducing higher density of dislocations after 5 % pre-stretch, the aged alloy does not show deterioration in corrosion resistance compared to the solutioned counterpart. The reduced elastic strain energy around basal 〈a〉 dislocation cores by co-segregation of Zn, Ca and Sn atoms accounts for the inhibited adverse effect of dislocations on corrosion resistance. The solute co-segregation could also pin dislocation motion, thereby endowing alloy with excellent bake-hardenability. This work would provide new insights to fabricate strong and anti-corrosive Mg alloys.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":423,"journal":{"name":"Scripta Materialia","volume":"259 ","pages":"Article 116542"},"PeriodicalIF":5.3,"publicationDate":"2025-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"材料科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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