Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.575730
P. Alou, O. Suter, J. Cobos, J. Uceda, S. Ollero
Computer and telecommunication systems tend to demand lower supply voltages than 3.3 V. This fact raises the challenge of obtaining high efficiency DC/DC power converters with low output voltage. The authors have implemented a compact power converter with an output voltage of 1.5 V. The output power is 5 W and the power converter has been provided with galvanic isolation between input and output sides. The windings of the magnetic components are directly integrated in the PCB, which allows a reduction in size. Self-driven synchronous rectification allows one to obtain very high efficiency (81.2% at nominal conditions, 85.3% maximum) for such a low output voltage.
{"title":"Design of a 1.5 V output voltage on-board DC/DC converter with magnetic components integrated in a multilayer PCB","authors":"P. Alou, O. Suter, J. Cobos, J. Uceda, S. Ollero","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.575730","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.575730","url":null,"abstract":"Computer and telecommunication systems tend to demand lower supply voltages than 3.3 V. This fact raises the challenge of obtaining high efficiency DC/DC power converters with low output voltage. The authors have implemented a compact power converter with an output voltage of 1.5 V. The output power is 5 W and the power converter has been provided with galvanic isolation between input and output sides. The windings of the magnetic components are directly integrated in the PCB, which allows a reduction in size. Self-driven synchronous rectification allows one to obtain very high efficiency (81.2% at nominal conditions, 85.3% maximum) for such a low output voltage.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120966497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581507
V. Blasko, V. Kaura, W. Niewiadomski
Two new methods for sampling the discontinuous voltage and current signals in a PWM invertor-fed AC motor drive are proposed. The methods are based on sampling the instantaneous values and locally averaged values (over one carrier period) of signals. The analytical expressions for adjustment of digital current regulators and achievable bandwidths with the different sampling methods are derived. The results are experimentally verified.
{"title":"Sampling methods for discontinuous voltage and current signals and their influence on bandwidth of control loops of electrical drives","authors":"V. Blasko, V. Kaura, W. Niewiadomski","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581507","url":null,"abstract":"Two new methods for sampling the discontinuous voltage and current signals in a PWM invertor-fed AC motor drive are proposed. The methods are based on sampling the instantaneous values and locally averaged values (over one carrier period) of signals. The analytical expressions for adjustment of digital current regulators and achievable bandwidths with the different sampling methods are derived. The results are experimentally verified.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132013568","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581476
J.Y. Park, M. Allen
Integrated magnetic components compatible with organic (low-temperature) electronic packaging for miniature DC/DC converters and other power supply applications are investigated. Two inductor types have been fabricated incorporating a polymer/ferrite composite core, deposited and patterned at low temperature. For the fabricated inductors, inductances in the 0.5-1.5 /spl mu/H range and Q-factors of the order of 17 are achieved. In all cases, the incorporation of the polymer filled ferrite improved the characteristics of the integrated inductors.
{"title":"Low temperature fabrication and characterization of integrated packaging-compatible, ferrite-core magnetic devices","authors":"J.Y. Park, M. Allen","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581476","url":null,"abstract":"Integrated magnetic components compatible with organic (low-temperature) electronic packaging for miniature DC/DC converters and other power supply applications are investigated. Two inductor types have been fabricated incorporating a polymer/ferrite composite core, deposited and patterned at low temperature. For the fabricated inductors, inductances in the 0.5-1.5 /spl mu/H range and Q-factors of the order of 17 are achieved. In all cases, the incorporation of the polymer filled ferrite improved the characteristics of the integrated inductors.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"370 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132745750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581458
M. Andersen
Two new and simple methods to make predictions of the differential mode (DM) input filter requirements are presented, one for flyback and one for boost unity power factor converters. They have been verified by measurements. They give the designer the ability to predict the DM input noise filter requirements early in the design.
{"title":"Fast prediction of differential mode noise input filter requirements for flyback and boost unity power factor converters","authors":"M. Andersen","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581458","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581458","url":null,"abstract":"Two new and simple methods to make predictions of the differential mode (DM) input filter requirements are presented, one for flyback and one for boost unity power factor converters. They have been verified by measurements. They give the designer the ability to predict the DM input noise filter requirements early in the design.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":" 2","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133120576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.575742
P. Jain, J. Espinoza
A high performance single-stage UPS system for single-phase AC power supply systems is presented. The topology generates a trapezoidal-shaped load voltage that is synchronized with the AC supply; therefore, a small DC link capacitor is required. These features lead to a high input power factor (0.94 at nominal voltage) and due to the single-stage structure, high efficiency (93% at nominal voltage) and high reliability are achieved. In this paper, the dynamic performance of the UPS system is analyzed under different transient conditions, specifically: (a) supply to battery; (b) battery to supply transition; (c) load transient; and (d) supply/battery voltage transient. The input power factor and efficiency as a function of the load and supply voltage are also included. The dynamic and static evaluations are performed on a 1 kVA UPS system.
{"title":"Transient performance of a single-stage UPS system for single-phase trapezoidal-shaped AC voltage supplies","authors":"P. Jain, J. Espinoza","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.575742","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.575742","url":null,"abstract":"A high performance single-stage UPS system for single-phase AC power supply systems is presented. The topology generates a trapezoidal-shaped load voltage that is synchronized with the AC supply; therefore, a small DC link capacitor is required. These features lead to a high input power factor (0.94 at nominal voltage) and due to the single-stage structure, high efficiency (93% at nominal voltage) and high reliability are achieved. In this paper, the dynamic performance of the UPS system is analyzed under different transient conditions, specifically: (a) supply to battery; (b) battery to supply transition; (c) load transient; and (d) supply/battery voltage transient. The input power factor and efficiency as a function of the load and supply voltage are also included. The dynamic and static evaluations are performed on a 1 kVA UPS system.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129300854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581462
Yim-Shu Lee, K. Siu, B. Lin
Single-stage isolated power-factor-corrected power supplies (SSIPP) have the attractive feature of fast regulation and single control loop. In this paper we further propose to add a very simple regenerative clamping circuit to SSIPP to reduce the voltage stress and to recycle the energy trapped in the leakage inductance of the isolation transformer, thus eliminating the need for a lossy snubber circuit. In addition, this proposed clamping circuit also provides a mechanism to reset the magnetizing current of the output transformer of SSIPP employing a forward converter as the output stage. Simulations and experimental results are reported to verify the operation and performance of the SSIPP with regenerative clamping.
{"title":"Novel single-stage isolated power-factor-corrected power supplies with regenerative clamping","authors":"Yim-Shu Lee, K. Siu, B. Lin","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581462","url":null,"abstract":"Single-stage isolated power-factor-corrected power supplies (SSIPP) have the attractive feature of fast regulation and single control loop. In this paper we further propose to add a very simple regenerative clamping circuit to SSIPP to reduce the voltage stress and to recycle the energy trapped in the leakage inductance of the isolation transformer, thus eliminating the need for a lossy snubber circuit. In addition, this proposed clamping circuit also provides a mechanism to reset the magnetizing current of the output transformer of SSIPP employing a forward converter as the output stage. Simulations and experimental results are reported to verify the operation and performance of the SSIPP with regenerative clamping.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131068857","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581427
R. Frank
Power processes continue to evolve and achieve higher performance levels than previous generations. Market- or application-specific solutions allow a semiconductor manufacturer to meet tough specifications for highly-competitive end products by optimizing production processes for performance and yield. The system designers' challenges in computing, wireless communications, portable equipment, industrial and automotive applications are being answered with a variety of silicon technologies. These technologies include: megahertz and ultrafast rectifiers, power MOSFETs in very low (<30 V), low (30-100 V) medium (100-250 V) and high (>250 V) voltage ratings and IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) (500-2000 V) from a number of suppliers. More advanced technologies such as GaAs (gallium arsenide) are provided by a limited number of suppliers and meet very specific market/application requirements. Also, the addition of on-board circuitry, including smart power levels of integration, continues to provide performance advantages for many applications. With increasing speed and lower power dissipation requirements, packaging is more critical than ever to the successful application of power devices. This paper discusses the advantages and differences between production power technologies in the context of the applications that they are addressing and provides some insight into where they are going in the near future. Packaging is also covered as it relates to performance targets of the applications.
{"title":"A performance update for production power processes","authors":"R. Frank","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581427","url":null,"abstract":"Power processes continue to evolve and achieve higher performance levels than previous generations. Market- or application-specific solutions allow a semiconductor manufacturer to meet tough specifications for highly-competitive end products by optimizing production processes for performance and yield. The system designers' challenges in computing, wireless communications, portable equipment, industrial and automotive applications are being answered with a variety of silicon technologies. These technologies include: megahertz and ultrafast rectifiers, power MOSFETs in very low (<30 V), low (30-100 V) medium (100-250 V) and high (>250 V) voltage ratings and IGBTs (insulated gate bipolar transistors) (500-2000 V) from a number of suppliers. More advanced technologies such as GaAs (gallium arsenide) are provided by a limited number of suppliers and meet very specific market/application requirements. Also, the addition of on-board circuitry, including smart power levels of integration, continues to provide performance advantages for many applications. With increasing speed and lower power dissipation requirements, packaging is more critical than ever to the successful application of power devices. This paper discusses the advantages and differences between production power technologies in the context of the applications that they are addressing and provides some insight into where they are going in the near future. Packaging is also covered as it relates to performance targets of the applications.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124404150","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581481
I. Jitaru, A. Ivascu
This paper presents several topologies that lead to a better utilization of a transformer's magnetic core. In these topologies, the main transformer also becomes a magnetic storage element, reducing the size of the output filter. Quasi-integrated magnetics are presented as an intermediate step between conventional and fully-integrated magnetics underlying their advantages and limitations. The authors also present quasi-integrated magnetic topologies with and without secondary winding taps. Two methods of eliminating the secondary winding taps are suggested, one by using a current-doubler and the second by employing two symmetrical transformers. Two 100 W, 5 V, 20 A experimental power converters were built and evaluated, using quasi-integrated magnetics under two different implementations.
{"title":"Quasi-integrated magnetic an avenue for higher power density and efficiency in power converters","authors":"I. Jitaru, A. Ivascu","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581481","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents several topologies that lead to a better utilization of a transformer's magnetic core. In these topologies, the main transformer also becomes a magnetic storage element, reducing the size of the output filter. Quasi-integrated magnetics are presented as an intermediate step between conventional and fully-integrated magnetics underlying their advantages and limitations. The authors also present quasi-integrated magnetic topologies with and without secondary winding taps. Two methods of eliminating the secondary winding taps are suggested, one by using a current-doubler and the second by employing two symmetrical transformers. Two 100 W, 5 V, 20 A experimental power converters were built and evaluated, using quasi-integrated magnetics under two different implementations.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"328 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123657050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.581506
K. Venkatesan, D. Chéverez-González
A maximum power tracking method for separately excited or permanent magnet DC motors fed from photovoltaic generators through buck power converters is given. Positive feedback of motor speed with a developed control law is employed. Averaged state space equations are used to study the transient performance. Experimental results obtained from an implemented system are given.
{"title":"Matching DC motors to photovoltaic generators for maximum power tracking","authors":"K. Venkatesan, D. Chéverez-González","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.581506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.581506","url":null,"abstract":"A maximum power tracking method for separately excited or permanent magnet DC motors fed from photovoltaic generators through buck power converters is given. Positive feedback of motor speed with a developed control law is employed. Averaged state space equations are used to study the transient performance. Experimental results obtained from an implemented system are given.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128578650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1997-02-23DOI: 10.1109/APEC.1997.575719
T. Aihara, A. Toba, T. Yanase, A. Mashimo, K. Endo
A position and speed sensorless control scheme using the counter EMF of PM motors debases the control performance at low speed. Here, the authors propose a controllable system at full speed, including zero speed, using saliency. At low speed, sensorless control is performed by observing a current ripple at a time when an alternating voltage has been applied to the salient-pole motor. Also, for discriminating the S and N poles of the magnet, magnetic saturation is used. A device has been applied to the motor rotor to allow the magnetic saturation to be brought about easily. Further, at times of high speed, a full speed range drive has been accomplished by switching smoothly over to a sensorless driving system, making use of the counter EMF.
{"title":"Sensor-less torque control of salient-pole synchronous motor at zero speed operation","authors":"T. Aihara, A. Toba, T. Yanase, A. Mashimo, K. Endo","doi":"10.1109/APEC.1997.575719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/APEC.1997.575719","url":null,"abstract":"A position and speed sensorless control scheme using the counter EMF of PM motors debases the control performance at low speed. Here, the authors propose a controllable system at full speed, including zero speed, using saliency. At low speed, sensorless control is performed by observing a current ripple at a time when an alternating voltage has been applied to the salient-pole motor. Also, for discriminating the S and N poles of the magnet, magnetic saturation is used. A device has been applied to the motor rotor to allow the magnetic saturation to be brought about easily. Further, at times of high speed, a full speed range drive has been accomplished by switching smoothly over to a sensorless driving system, making use of the counter EMF.","PeriodicalId":423659,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of APEC 97 - Applied Power Electronics Conference","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1997-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126090765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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