The study investigates the impact of the use of various long term funds on the performance of Nigerian companies. Secondary data were collected from the case study, Unilever Nig. Plc which was picked through purposive sampling method. Analysis of data was done by using multiple regression of the ordinary least square (OLS) method on the data extracted from twelve years financial statements of the company to test for the relationship between its capital mix and its value, measured in terms earnings per share (EPS). The findings show that both long term debt and profit have positive correlation with EPS, while equity is negatively correlated with EPS. The overall result was statistically significant with F-ratio value of 690. Based on the results, the financial managers of corporations are advised to always embark on appropriate financial mix between equity and debt alongside retained earnings that will maximised the returns to shareholders and monitor other market variables that may serve as constraints in achieving the overall goals of their companies.
{"title":"An Assessment of the Impact of Capital Structure on Corporate Performance of Nigerian Manufacturing Companies","authors":"T. D. Ayodele","doi":"10.12816/0044425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0044425","url":null,"abstract":"The study investigates the impact of the use of various long term funds on the performance of Nigerian companies. Secondary data were collected from the case study, Unilever Nig. Plc which was picked through purposive sampling method. Analysis of data was done by using multiple regression of the ordinary least square (OLS) method on the data extracted from twelve years financial statements of the company to test for the relationship between its capital mix and its value, measured in terms earnings per share (EPS). The findings show that both long term debt and profit have positive correlation with EPS, while equity is negatively correlated with EPS. The overall result was statistically significant with F-ratio value of 690. Based on the results, the financial managers of corporations are advised to always embark on appropriate financial mix between equity and debt alongside retained earnings that will maximised the returns to shareholders and monitor other market variables that may serve as constraints in achieving the overall goals of their companies.","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114969490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Larry Chukwuemeka Unachukwu, A. U. Kalu, Oti Ibiam
Kalu, Alexanda Ogbonna Udu Department of Marketing,College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Corresponding E mail: alexkalujournals@gmail.com Unachukwu, Larry Chukwuemeka Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Email: Chukwuemeka.unachukwu@yahoo.com Ibiam, Oti Department of Marketing, College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Email: Prince.ibiam@gmail.com
{"title":"Accessing Secondary Data : A Literature Review","authors":"Larry Chukwuemeka Unachukwu, A. U. Kalu, Oti Ibiam","doi":"10.12816/0048423","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048423","url":null,"abstract":"Kalu, Alexanda Ogbonna Udu Department of Marketing,College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Corresponding E mail: alexkalujournals@gmail.com Unachukwu, Larry Chukwuemeka Department of Industrial Relations and Personnel College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Email: Chukwuemeka.unachukwu@yahoo.com Ibiam, Oti Department of Marketing, College of Management Sciences Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umudike Abia State, Nigeria. Email: Prince.ibiam@gmail.com","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114075297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Relation of the Sport Tourism with Job Creation, Income and Poverty Reduction and Investment in Tehran","authors":"T. Karimi, A. Honarvar","doi":"10.12816/0048622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048622","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121580932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nowadays energy has an important role as a driving sector of economy. Forecasting 150 billion dollars investment in energy sector during the fifth development program in Iran, the banking and financial system require a dynamic and modern economy and financial instruments. Obviously, this approach needs to remove legal barriers and modification of contracts. Financing in the oil industry has faced with serious challenges in recent years. On the other hand, investing in common offshore oil and gas resources is indispensable. In this article we are going to prepare a proposal for the Iran Ministry of Petroleum (MOP) and present a model for pricing the oil Standard Parallel Forward (SPF) contract based on Black and Scholes option pricing model. In order to proper price estimation, a proposal is presented based on empirical research and statistical models. Finally, we have some recommendations to develop the oil SPF contract and also suggest to the other researchers working on pricing the oil SPF contracts according to this model.
{"title":"A New Pricing Model for Crude Oil Pre-Sale Units via SPF (Standard Parallel Forward) in Iran","authors":"G. Nikjou, H. Najafi","doi":"10.12816/0048417","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048417","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays energy has an important role as a driving sector of economy. Forecasting 150 billion dollars investment in energy sector during the fifth development program in Iran, the banking and financial system require a dynamic and modern economy and financial instruments. Obviously, this approach needs to remove legal barriers and modification of contracts. Financing in the oil industry has faced with serious challenges in recent years. On the other hand, investing in common offshore oil and gas resources is indispensable. In this article we are going to prepare a proposal for the Iran Ministry of Petroleum (MOP) and present a model for pricing the oil Standard Parallel Forward (SPF) contract based on Black and Scholes option pricing model. In order to proper price estimation, a proposal is presented based on empirical research and statistical models. Finally, we have some recommendations to develop the oil SPF contract and also suggest to the other researchers working on pricing the oil SPF contracts according to this model.","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"552 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"113982442","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Quality Correlates : An Empirical Assessment","authors":"K. B. Bagshaw, Emmanuel Mitaire Tarurhor","doi":"10.12816/0048626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048626","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133455919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Purpose: The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate that intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours are constructs of the social exchange theory and; intercultural sensitivity can explain the engagement in organizational citizenship behaviours by Uganda hotel staff. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Contrary to current studies on organizational citizenship behaviours, this study adopted a mixed research design and its attendant characteristics so as to examine the extent to which intercultural sensitivity predicts organizational citizenship behaviours of Uganda Hotel staff. Findings: Intercultural sensitivity is a significant predictor of organizational citizenship behaviours of the hotel staff in Uganda Research Limitations/ Implications: Admittedly, the instruments that measured the key variables of the study i.e. organization citizenship behaviour, intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours, were adapted to suit the Uganda hotel environment. The study was entirely cross sectional yet behaviour unfolds gradually. Above all, we adopted a positivistic approach to research yet it is highly structured. Little attention was paid to qualitative responses because; we only needed explanations for the quantitative results. Originality/ Value: The paper proudly domesticates intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours within the social exchange theoretical framework and directly tested for the predictive relationship between intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviors.
{"title":"Intercultural Sensitivity and Organizational Citizenship Behaviours of Uganda Hotel Staff","authors":"Joshua Gukiina, Joseph M. Ntayi, A. Ahiauzu","doi":"10.12816/0048422","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048422","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The purpose of the present paper is to demonstrate that intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours are constructs of the social exchange theory and; intercultural sensitivity can explain the engagement in organizational citizenship behaviours by Uganda hotel staff. Design/ Methodology/ Approach: Contrary to current studies on organizational citizenship behaviours, this study adopted a mixed research design and its attendant characteristics so as to examine the extent to which intercultural sensitivity predicts organizational citizenship behaviours of Uganda Hotel staff. Findings: Intercultural sensitivity is a significant predictor of organizational citizenship behaviours of the hotel staff in Uganda Research Limitations/ Implications: Admittedly, the instruments that measured the key variables of the study i.e. organization citizenship behaviour, intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours, were adapted to suit the Uganda hotel environment. The study was entirely cross sectional yet behaviour unfolds gradually. Above all, we adopted a positivistic approach to research yet it is highly structured. Little attention was paid to qualitative responses because; we only needed explanations for the quantitative results. Originality/ Value: The paper proudly domesticates intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviours within the social exchange theoretical framework and directly tested for the predictive relationship between intercultural sensitivity and organizational citizenship behaviors.","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"42 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114684185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction The importance of Small and Medium Enterprises sector is well recognized from its significant contribution to the socio-economic objectives of the country like generation of employment, output, exports and fostering entrepreneurship. Case description One of the requirements for growth, creativity as well as entrepreneurship within societies is to study their success process. Our sample includes 230 Small and Medium Enterprises that were established during 2004 to 2016 in Fars province. Data was collected through questioners around general “manager/entrepreneur” among all categories of small and medium business. Discussion and Evaluation The purpose of this study is to investigate factors which effect on success entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises sector. The results of this study are helpful to the policy makers to frame suitable entrepreneurship development strategies to develop entrepreneurs. Conclusions Our findings revealed significant difference between the internal and external factors for success of the business. The study revealed that there is a significant difference between internal and external factors on the success of the business. It is concluded that there is high effect of success of units by strong believing of internal factors of the
{"title":"Business Success Factors in Iranian Small and Medium Enterprises Sector (SMES)","authors":"Bita Rafizadeh Banadaki, Zhang Youngan","doi":"10.12816/0048420","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048420","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction The importance of Small and Medium Enterprises sector is well recognized from its significant contribution to the socio-economic objectives of the country like generation of employment, output, exports and fostering entrepreneurship. Case description One of the requirements for growth, creativity as well as entrepreneurship within societies is to study their success process. Our sample includes 230 Small and Medium Enterprises that were established during 2004 to 2016 in Fars province. Data was collected through questioners around general “manager/entrepreneur” among all categories of small and medium business. Discussion and Evaluation The purpose of this study is to investigate factors which effect on success entrepreneurs in Small and Medium Enterprises sector. The results of this study are helpful to the policy makers to frame suitable entrepreneurship development strategies to develop entrepreneurs. Conclusions Our findings revealed significant difference between the internal and external factors for success of the business. The study revealed that there is a significant difference between internal and external factors on the success of the business. It is concluded that there is high effect of success of units by strong believing of internal factors of the","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"53 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134621153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Stability of the Nigerian Money Demand Function (1970 - 2016)","authors":"G. Nwadike, F. M. Emerenini","doi":"10.12816/0048625","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048625","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133876526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize temporary organizing as a practopoietic system. We critically review the current conceptualizations of projects; from the traditional project management perspective, and the temporary organization perspective using a systems approach. By juxtaposing the characteristics of the project with a system, we argue that traditional project management is akin to an autopoietic system while temporary organizations may be conceptualized as an allopoietic system. However, these conceptualizations are inadequate to explain the dynamics of the projectthe internal workings and its interaction with the environment, as well as the complexity associated in such dynamics. Hence, we reiterate the need to consider the emerging conceptualization of projects as temporary organizing. We position temporary organizing as a practopoietic system that sufficiently explains the dynamics of project within itself, and with the environment while considering the complexity associated with such arrangements.
{"title":"Practopoietic Lens to Conceptualize Temporary Organizing","authors":"Ravikiran Dwivedula, C. Bredillet, R. Müller","doi":"10.12816/0048621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048621","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper is to conceptualize temporary organizing as a practopoietic system. We critically review the current conceptualizations of projects; from the traditional project management perspective, and the temporary organization perspective using a systems approach. By juxtaposing the characteristics of the project with a system, we argue that traditional project management is akin to an autopoietic system while temporary organizations may be conceptualized as an allopoietic system. However, these conceptualizations are inadequate to explain the dynamics of the projectthe internal workings and its interaction with the environment, as well as the complexity associated in such dynamics. Hence, we reiterate the need to consider the emerging conceptualization of projects as temporary organizing. We position temporary organizing as a practopoietic system that sufficiently explains the dynamics of project within itself, and with the environment while considering the complexity associated with such arrangements.","PeriodicalId":423908,"journal":{"name":"Singaporean Journal of Business Economics and Management Studies","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128874738","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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