Š. Karolčík, E. Čipková, Slávka Jurčíková, Henrieta Mázorová
In our study, we dealt with the investigation of attitudes of elementary school pupils towards geography taught in schools which is at the lower education level represented by the school subject with the identical title. This research was carried out in years 2017 and 2018 in three elementary schools located in rural areas of Slovakia. The total average value for the examined components of the attitude among pupils attending grades 5 to 9 was 3.41 (SD = 1.43) which represents slightly positive attitudes of pupils towards Geography subject. Pupils reported that the most interesting geography contents were the topics taught in the 5th grade. As the most difficult they regarded the topics taught in the 6th grade (Regional Geography – Africa, Asia) and in the 7th grade (Regional Geography – Europe); by contrast, they think that the least difficult topics are taught in the 9 th grade (Slovakia). They have most problems remembering the names of mountains, lowlands, rivers and countries. In the investigation of differences in attitudes of pupils towards Geography in individual grades of the lower secondary education the highest average scores were observed among 5th graders (x = 3.58). By contrast, the lowest scores were achieved, surprisingly, by 6th graders (x = 3.27). The average scores of Geography assessment by pupils slightly increased in 6th to 9th grades. The statistical analysis confirmed that the differences between individual grades and between genders as to the average score values achieved by the pupils are not statistically significant.
{"title":"Attitudes of Pupils in Lower Secondary Education towards Geography Subject","authors":"Š. Karolčík, E. Čipková, Slávka Jurčíková, Henrieta Mázorová","doi":"10.33542/GC2019-1-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/GC2019-1-03","url":null,"abstract":"In our study, we dealt with the investigation of attitudes of elementary school pupils towards geography taught in schools which is at the lower education level represented by the school subject with the identical title. This research was carried out in years 2017 and 2018 in three elementary schools located in rural areas of Slovakia. The total average value for the examined components of the attitude among pupils attending grades 5 to 9 was 3.41 (SD = 1.43) which represents slightly positive attitudes of pupils towards Geography subject. Pupils reported that the most interesting geography contents were the topics taught in the 5th grade. As the most difficult they regarded the topics taught in the 6th grade (Regional Geography – Africa, Asia) and in the 7th grade (Regional Geography – Europe); by contrast, they think that the least difficult topics are taught in the 9 th grade (Slovakia). They have most problems remembering the names of mountains, lowlands, rivers and countries. In the investigation of differences in attitudes of pupils towards Geography in individual grades of the lower secondary education the highest average scores were observed among 5th graders (x = 3.58). By contrast, the lowest scores were achieved, surprisingly, by 6th graders (x = 3.27). The average scores of Geography assessment by pupils slightly increased in 6th to 9th grades. The statistical analysis confirmed that the differences between individual grades and between genders as to the average score values achieved by the pupils are not statistically significant.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Foreign direct investments (FDIs) are one of the key factors determining the development of the world economy as well as national and regional economies. The paper is focused on the assessment of the distribution of the FDIs in relation to the economic level of the regions. The paper is based on the assumption that the for-eign direct investments are beneficial for regional economies. The aim of the paper is to assess whether FDIs contribute to reduction or increase of differences in the eco-nomic level of the regions in the Czech Republic. The study verifies the hypothesis: "Foreign direct investments are realized over-proportionally in the regions with a higher economic level and so the differences in the economic level of the regions of the Czech Republic are deepening." The impacts of FDIs on the economic development are assessed in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is oriented on the relations of the FDIs and the labour market, the technology transfer, the domestic firms, export potential and other issues. The hypothesis was tested by the concentration analysis. This analysis confirmed that FDIs were realized over-proportionally in the regions with higher eco-nomic level and thus the FDIs were contributing to deepening of the differences in the economic level of the regions. The analysis confirmed over-proportional volume of FDIs in regions with higher gross domestic product and gross value added over the whole reference period from 1999 to 2016 and in the regions with lower unemploy-ment rate in the period from 2009 to 2016.
{"title":"Regionální rozložení přímých zahraničních investic v kontextu ekonomické úrovně krajů České republiky","authors":"Milan Damborský","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-01","url":null,"abstract":"Foreign direct investments (FDIs) are one of the key factors determining the development of the world economy as well as national and regional economies. The paper is focused on the assessment of the distribution of the FDIs in relation to the economic level of the regions. The paper is based on the assumption that the for-eign direct investments are beneficial for regional economies. The aim of the paper is to assess whether FDIs contribute to reduction or increase of differences in the eco-nomic level of the regions in the Czech Republic. The study verifies the hypothesis: \"Foreign direct investments are realized over-proportionally in the regions with a higher economic level and so the differences in the economic level of the regions of the Czech Republic are deepening.\" The impacts of FDIs on the economic development are assessed in the theoretical part. The theoretical part is oriented on the relations of the FDIs and the labour market, the technology transfer, the domestic firms, export potential and other issues. The hypothesis was tested by the concentration analysis. This analysis confirmed that FDIs were realized over-proportionally in the regions with higher eco-nomic level and thus the FDIs were contributing to deepening of the differences in the economic level of the regions. The analysis confirmed over-proportional volume of FDIs in regions with higher gross domestic product and gross value added over the whole reference period from 1999 to 2016 and in the regions with lower unemploy-ment rate in the period from 2009 to 2016.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70423067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The East African Great Lakes Region is an area rich in rare mineral resources and thus represents a great economic potential. Mineral mining in Great Lakes Region is proceeding in a specific way which is known as artisanal and small-scale mining. This mining with no mechanization is mostly expanding in developing countries. In these areas mining represents one of the main sources of income for the local population and creates one of the main pillars of economic development. This paper presents the artisanal and small-scale mining and spatial distribution of mineral deposits in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda where rare minerals are extracted. The aim of this article is to introduce artisanal and small-scale mining to Central Europe discussion where this topic is relatively neglected. Minerals which are extracted by artisanal and small-scale mining are used in electro-technical industry, i.e. mobile phones, computers, tablets, automobiles, aircrafts and other technical products manufacturing, the extracted minerals become significant and direct part of our everyday life.
{"title":"Spatial distribution of mineral deposits extracted by artisanal and small-scale mining in African Great Lakes Region","authors":"J. Macháček, I. Smolová","doi":"10.33542/GC2019-1-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/GC2019-1-01","url":null,"abstract":"The East African Great Lakes Region is an area rich in rare mineral resources and thus represents a great economic potential. Mineral mining in Great Lakes Region is proceeding in a specific way which is known as artisanal and small-scale mining. This mining with no mechanization is mostly expanding in developing countries. In these areas mining represents one of the main sources of income for the local population and creates one of the main pillars of economic development. This paper presents the artisanal and small-scale mining and spatial distribution of mineral deposits in Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, Tanzania and Uganda where rare minerals are extracted. The aim of this article is to introduce artisanal and small-scale mining to Central Europe discussion where this topic is relatively neglected. Minerals which are extracted by artisanal and small-scale mining are used in electro-technical industry, i.e. mobile phones, computers, tablets, automobiles, aircrafts and other technical products manufacturing, the extracted minerals become significant and direct part of our everyday life.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Alena Gessert, V. Straková, L. Palcsu, G. Koltai, M. Braun, E. Heim, A. Czébely
Our study presents the hydrochemical data obtained from seven perennial springs located on the Jasov Plateau – Slovak Karst. It is part of the most heavily karstified area in Slovakia extending into northern Hungary. Monthly observations of discharge, temperature and the calcium content have been carried out on perennial springs for 19 months. Since November 2013 the seasonal changes of the basic hydrochemical parameters (water temperature, electric conductivity, pH and major ions), the stable isotope composition and tritium content have been measured on a regular basis. Except for water temperature, no other parameter showed a clear seasonal signal. Statistically significant relationships were discovered between some springs concerning the fluctuation of the various parameters. The stable isotope analyses of the water samples showed that the springs are of meteoric origin, their stable isotope composition varied between -74.9‰ to -62.1‰ and from -10.5‰ to -9.5‰ for δD and δ18O, respectively. The mean residence time of the water varies between 3.5 and 6 years (tritium concentration).
{"title":"Differences in temporal changes of selected water quality parameters on Jasovská Planina Plateau (Slovak Karst, Slovakia)","authors":"Alena Gessert, V. Straková, L. Palcsu, G. Koltai, M. Braun, E. Heim, A. Czébely","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-1-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-1-02","url":null,"abstract":"Our study presents the hydrochemical data obtained from seven perennial springs located on the Jasov Plateau – Slovak Karst. It is part of the most heavily karstified area in Slovakia extending into northern Hungary. Monthly observations of discharge, temperature and the calcium content have been carried out on perennial springs for 19 months. Since November 2013 the seasonal changes of the basic hydrochemical parameters (water temperature, electric conductivity, pH and major ions), the stable isotope composition and tritium content have been measured on a regular basis. Except for water temperature, no other parameter showed a clear seasonal signal. Statistically significant relationships were discovered between some springs concerning the fluctuation of the various parameters. The stable isotope analyses of the water samples showed that the springs are of meteoric origin, their stable isotope composition varied between -74.9‰ to -62.1‰ and from -10.5‰ to -9.5‰ for δD and δ18O, respectively. The mean residence time of the water varies between 3.5 and 6 years (tritium concentration).","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The quality of life is complex, with human existence closely linked theme. Both scientific and international political organizations have been focusing on this topic in recent decades. This research follows the European Union's challenges to deal with the quality of life as a multi-aspect phenomenon. Firstly, the authors' concept of quality of life, based on key aspects and their respective indicators is introduced. To assess the quality of life not only multidimensionally but also comprehensively, it is necessary to address the issue of data aggregation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and can also be used to construct a synthetic index. In its basic form, this method is designed for non-spatial data and does not take into ac-count the potential spatial relationships. However, geographically weighted PCA can capture these relationships. Simple PCA, robust PCA, simple geographically weighted PCA, and robust geographically weighted PCA were tested on the quality of life data. The results of the paper describe differences in selected methods and the possibilities of their applica-tion in the regional evaluation of the quality of life in Europe. Using the PCA, a synthetic quality of life index was constructed based on the defined quality of life indicators on the pan-European scale at the regional level defined by NUTS 2 classification. The result does not bring innovation in terms of the used methods, but it is a challenge in the interpretative level. Comprehensively analyses the topic in a broad spatial scope and detail, compared to the existing studies.
{"title":"Statistická syntéza indikátorů kvality života – návrh tvorby indexu v evropských regionech","authors":"Karel Macků, Vít Voženílek","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-06","url":null,"abstract":"The quality of life is complex, with human existence closely linked theme. Both scientific and international political organizations have been focusing on this topic in recent decades. This research follows the European Union's challenges to deal with the quality of life as a multi-aspect phenomenon. Firstly, the authors' concept of quality of life, based on key aspects and their respective indicators is introduced. To assess the quality of life not only multidimensionally but also comprehensively, it is necessary to address the issue of data aggregation. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) is a statistical method used to reduce the dimensionality of the data and can also be used to construct a synthetic index. In its basic form, this method is designed for non-spatial data and does not take into ac-count the potential spatial relationships. However, geographically weighted PCA can capture these relationships. Simple PCA, robust PCA, simple geographically weighted PCA, and robust geographically weighted PCA were tested on the quality of life data. The results of the paper describe differences in selected methods and the possibilities of their applica-tion in the regional evaluation of the quality of life in Europe. Using the PCA, a synthetic quality of life index was constructed based on the defined quality of life indicators on the pan-European scale at the regional level defined by NUTS 2 classification. The result does not bring innovation in terms of the used methods, but it is a challenge in the interpretative level. Comprehensively analyses the topic in a broad spatial scope and detail, compared to the existing studies.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
: The overarching goal of this article is introducing to the literature the term geotourism regions as well as set the basic rules for their delimitation and classification according to strictly established criteria. The term “geotourism region” often occurs in the world literature, but it is usually understood as an area where an evaluation of its geotourism potential is carried out. The lack of a definition results in this term being wrongly interpreted and applied inconsistently. In order to systematize current knowledge on geotourism regions literature review concerning defining and hierarchy of spatially distributed geotourism units was carried out. As a result, for the first time, apart from proposal of the setting basic rules for delimitation and classification of geotourism regions, definitions of geotourism regions, geotourism areas and geotour-ism destinations were introduced. Introducing the above mentioned concepts could constitute an important starting point of reference for theoretical discussions and practical applications in the fast-growing geotourism industry. Geotourism regions could also constitute a powerful tool in the regional management of geotourism resources. Limitations of studies are very small number of papers devoted to the main topic of the article.
{"title":"Geotourism regions – delimitation, classification, basic concepts","authors":"E. Gałka","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-05","url":null,"abstract":": The overarching goal of this article is introducing to the literature the term geotourism regions as well as set the basic rules for their delimitation and classification according to strictly established criteria. The term “geotourism region” often occurs in the world literature, but it is usually understood as an area where an evaluation of its geotourism potential is carried out. The lack of a definition results in this term being wrongly interpreted and applied inconsistently. In order to systematize current knowledge on geotourism regions literature review concerning defining and hierarchy of spatially distributed geotourism units was carried out. As a result, for the first time, apart from proposal of the setting basic rules for delimitation and classification of geotourism regions, definitions of geotourism regions, geotourism areas and geotour-ism destinations were introduced. Introducing the above mentioned concepts could constitute an important starting point of reference for theoretical discussions and practical applications in the fast-growing geotourism industry. Geotourism regions could also constitute a powerful tool in the regional management of geotourism resources. Limitations of studies are very small number of papers devoted to the main topic of the article.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Knowing the spatial distribution of individual soil taxonomic units is a key factor in man-aging efficient land use not only for agriculture but also for forestry. The use of a comprehensive soil surveys held in past decades and based on fieldwork created the basis for the initial spatial representation of the soil fund structure. However, the spatial distribution of the soil cover was the result of fieldwork and the experience of the person who drew this map. Often this led to some errors in determining the types of soils and their boundaries. To date, there is a growing need for precise methods of land taxation, based on correct information on soil cover. In countries with a large area, such as Ukraine, field surveys still do not cover the whole territory, often the density of the allocation of soil pits was too low, which in some cases led to an incorrect demarcation of soil boundaries. Since such a problem is very urgent for Ukraine, the search and identification of probable problem soil maps by constructing their predicted versions, their comprehensive analysis and cross-validation is an important task. The conducted investigations revealed that morphometric parameters of the relief and their derivatives obtaining from the analyses of DEM are a reliable basis for the predictive modelling of the spatial distribution of soil cover with sufficiently high accuracy, and the methodology based on 11 types of prognostic algorithms would have a significant prospect in solving scientific and production problems. Very important in this process is the selection of predictors derived from the DEM, as well as the structure and distribution of the training dataset, based on which the model will be built later. An equally important part is the control of results, including on the basis of cross-validation of the models used, as well as a comparison of the results with field studies. The article presents the results of 11 simulations, evaluates the quality of predictive algorithms and the models obtained. As a consequence, several possible ways to check the cartographic and simulation results of the spatial distribution of soil taxonomic units were described, as well as their comparison with those actually existing in nature. The most reliable method of the 11 presented is a direct study of the soil in the field and comparing them with the soil map. It is recommended to use it in case of suspicion of poorly executed maps, although financially it is very expensive. More preferred is a set of modelling methods that is based on the data already collected. With reliable sources, they provide an opportunity to predict the soil in places where the survey was not conducted at all. Verification of the quality of the tested models was carried out on a fragment of the Ukrainian region within the boundaries of the Chernivtsi region, confined to the Prut-Dniester and Prut-Siret interfluves.
{"title":"Methods of verification of soils prediction maps: a case study from Chernivtsi region, Ukraine","authors":"V. Cherlinka, Y. Dmytruk, D. Barabas","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-04","url":null,"abstract":"Knowing the spatial distribution of individual soil taxonomic units is a key factor in man-aging efficient land use not only for agriculture but also for forestry. The use of a comprehensive soil surveys held in past decades and based on fieldwork created the basis for the initial spatial representation of the soil fund structure. However, the spatial distribution of the soil cover was the result of fieldwork and the experience of the person who drew this map. Often this led to some errors in determining the types of soils and their boundaries. To date, there is a growing need for precise methods of land taxation, based on correct information on soil cover. In countries with a large area, such as Ukraine, field surveys still do not cover the whole territory, often the density of the allocation of soil pits was too low, which in some cases led to an incorrect demarcation of soil boundaries. Since such a problem is very urgent for Ukraine, the search and identification of probable problem soil maps by constructing their predicted versions, their comprehensive analysis and cross-validation is an important task. The conducted investigations revealed that morphometric parameters of the relief and their derivatives obtaining from the analyses of DEM are a reliable basis for the predictive modelling of the spatial distribution of soil cover with sufficiently high accuracy, and the methodology based on 11 types of prognostic algorithms would have a significant prospect in solving scientific and production problems. Very important in this process is the selection of predictors derived from the DEM, as well as the structure and distribution of the training dataset, based on which the model will be built later. An equally important part is the control of results, including on the basis of cross-validation of the models used, as well as a comparison of the results with field studies. The article presents the results of 11 simulations, evaluates the quality of predictive algorithms and the models obtained. As a consequence, several possible ways to check the cartographic and simulation results of the spatial distribution of soil taxonomic units were described, as well as their comparison with those actually existing in nature. The most reliable method of the 11 presented is a direct study of the soil in the field and comparing them with the soil map. It is recommended to use it in case of suspicion of poorly executed maps, although financially it is very expensive. More preferred is a set of modelling methods that is based on the data already collected. With reliable sources, they provide an opportunity to predict the soil in places where the survey was not conducted at all. Verification of the quality of the tested models was carried out on a fragment of the Ukrainian region within the boundaries of the Chernivtsi region, confined to the Prut-Dniester and Prut-Siret interfluves.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Many rural primary schools in Czechia are currently struggling with low numbers of pupils. On the other hand, in near hinterlands of Czech cities there are insufficient numbers and capacities of primary schools due to the ongoing residential suburbanisation related to the great increase in the numbers of schoolchildren there. The objective of the article is the creation of general strategies and measures for preserving rural primary schools and increasing suburban primary schools, also through the optimization of spatial arrangement of these schools and school catchment regions. Strategies and measures are tested in the rural and suburban hinterland of city of České Budějovice (South Bohemia) after monitoring and comparing of the territorial distribution of primary schools, their catchment regions, the number of pupils in the classrooms of schools, and the schoolchildren populations in the settlements. In the suburban hinterland, the creation of new incomplete lower primary schools and the transformation of incomplete lower primary schools into complete (lower and upper) primary schools were planned. In the rural hinterland, the expansion of the catchment regions of rural/small town complete primary schools is assumed, as well as the enlargement of single-classroom rural incomplete lower schools by other classrooms.
{"title":"Strategies and measures for preserving rural and increasing suburban primary schools in the district of České Budějovice, Czechia","authors":"J. Kubeš, Tomáš Vokrouhlík","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-1-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-1-05","url":null,"abstract":"Many rural primary schools in Czechia are currently struggling with low numbers of pupils. On the other hand, in near hinterlands of Czech cities there are insufficient numbers and capacities of primary schools due to the ongoing residential suburbanisation related to the great increase in the numbers of schoolchildren there. The objective of the article is the creation of general strategies and measures for preserving rural primary schools and increasing suburban primary schools, also through the optimization of spatial arrangement of these schools and school catchment regions. Strategies and measures are tested in the rural and suburban hinterland of city of České Budějovice (South Bohemia) after monitoring and comparing of the territorial distribution of primary schools, their catchment regions, the number of pupils in the classrooms of schools, and the schoolchildren populations in the settlements. In the suburban hinterland, the creation of new incomplete lower primary schools and the transformation of incomplete lower primary schools into complete (lower and upper) primary schools were planned. In the rural hinterland, the expansion of the catchment regions of rural/small town complete primary schools is assumed, as well as the enlargement of single-classroom rural incomplete lower schools by other classrooms.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70422377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Miroslava Trembošová, A. Dubcová, Michaela Štubňová
The retail network as a variable subsystem of a cultural landscape is an important feature of the settlement system and the inner structure of the settlements. In the urban environment of post-socialist countries under the influence of globalization the retail network belongs to the most dynamic elements. Our goal is to identify the spatial configuration of demographic and retail indicators. Data obtained from field passportization were processed by using statistical-mathematical methods. We also deal with the processes and specifics of the retail network of the city of Žilina, which impact on the modeling of its spatial structure, polycentrism, increase of disparities, and commercial suburbanization. The development of the retail network in the city of Žilina is significantly influenced by the following factors: purchasing power of residents, globalization impacts of supranational retail chains´ entrance, accessibility, synergy effect, development of new retail forms, and self-government policies. The paper is part of a broader research into the retail network of large cities in Slovakia. The research has been carried out with the same methodology as in the two regional cities of Nitra and Trnava. The automotive industry as an important economic factor is the common feature of all of them.
{"title":"The specifics of retail network´s spatial structure in the city of Žilina","authors":"Miroslava Trembošová, A. Dubcová, Michaela Štubňová","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-07","url":null,"abstract":"The retail network as a variable subsystem of a cultural landscape is an important feature of the settlement system and the inner structure of the settlements. In the urban environment of post-socialist countries under the influence of globalization the retail network belongs to the most dynamic elements. Our goal is to identify the spatial configuration of demographic and retail indicators. Data obtained from field passportization were processed by using statistical-mathematical methods. We also deal with the processes and specifics of the retail network of the city of Žilina, which impact on the modeling of its spatial structure, polycentrism, increase of disparities, and commercial suburbanization. The development of the retail network in the city of Žilina is significantly influenced by the following factors: purchasing power of residents, globalization impacts of supranational retail chains´ entrance, accessibility, synergy effect, development of new retail forms, and self-government policies. The paper is part of a broader research into the retail network of large cities in Slovakia. The research has been carried out with the same methodology as in the two regional cities of Nitra and Trnava. The automotive industry as an important economic factor is the common feature of all of them.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70423651","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Recently, within the theoretical and methodological framework of critical human geogra-phy, the main focus of the toponymic research has been redirected from the traditional linguistic and socio-onomastic methods towards a critical analysis of the spatial politics of naming and the studies of the socio-political role of the place names as the components of the symbolic landscape. The toponymic politics of (re)naming the streets and other elements of the urban landscape has been a valuable tool for the political regimes to legitimate their symbolic power. This paper aims to analyze the relationships between the political power, the toponymic practices, and the symbolic landscapes on the example of the eclectic topo-nymic space of the city of Minsk, Belarus, from a semiotic perspective through the prism of the critical place names studies approach and the theoretical concept of toponymic identi-ty. Using cartographic and archival research, on-site urban observations as well as com-parative analysis, the in-depth case study reveals that the toponymic system of the Belarus-ian capital city consists of several elements which connect to an assortment of the symbolic spatial strategies of nation-building adopted by the governing authorities. The findings indicate that the urban toponymic landscape and the toponymic identities of the city of Minsk are symbolically motivated, and the heterogeneity of the contemporary urban topo-nymic system reflects actual political agendas of the past and current political regimes.
{"title":"Toponymic Politics and the Symbolic Landscapes of Minsk, Belarus","authors":"Sergei Basik, Dzmitry Rahautsou","doi":"10.33542/gc2019-2-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.33542/gc2019-2-02","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, within the theoretical and methodological framework of critical human geogra-phy, the main focus of the toponymic research has been redirected from the traditional linguistic and socio-onomastic methods towards a critical analysis of the spatial politics of naming and the studies of the socio-political role of the place names as the components of the symbolic landscape. The toponymic politics of (re)naming the streets and other elements of the urban landscape has been a valuable tool for the political regimes to legitimate their symbolic power. This paper aims to analyze the relationships between the political power, the toponymic practices, and the symbolic landscapes on the example of the eclectic topo-nymic space of the city of Minsk, Belarus, from a semiotic perspective through the prism of the critical place names studies approach and the theoretical concept of toponymic identi-ty. Using cartographic and archival research, on-site urban observations as well as com-parative analysis, the in-depth case study reveals that the toponymic system of the Belarus-ian capital city consists of several elements which connect to an assortment of the symbolic spatial strategies of nation-building adopted by the governing authorities. The findings indicate that the urban toponymic landscape and the toponymic identities of the city of Minsk are symbolically motivated, and the heterogeneity of the contemporary urban topo-nymic system reflects actual political agendas of the past and current political regimes.","PeriodicalId":42446,"journal":{"name":"Geographia Cassoviensis","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70423095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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