Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1330
Maribel Lozano-Cortés, Juan Carlos Solano-Lucas
Labor flexibility and the reduction of State participation have had negative effects on the well-being of the population, and more on youth people, because they maintain unstable and insecure jobs, with low salaries and no social benefits. The objective of this work was to analyze the variables that determine the process of labor exclusion of youth people in the countries of Spain and Mexico between 2005 and 2017, in order to compare the situation in both countries. For this purpose, the Labor Exclusion Index was developed. The methodology used was the Principal Component Factor Analysis with time series. According to the results, it was observed that youth people are at risk of labor exclusion in both countries. In Spain, youth people maintain involuntary part-time jobs, while in Mexico, they have even more severe informal labor conditions. Youth people in both countries have been included in jobs where they do not have social security or job certainty in order to avoid excluding them from the labor market.
{"title":"Exclusión laboral en los jóvenes de España y México, 2005 a 2017","authors":"Maribel Lozano-Cortés, Juan Carlos Solano-Lucas","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1330","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1330","url":null,"abstract":"Labor flexibility and the reduction of State participation have had negative effects on the well-being of the population, and more on youth people, because they maintain unstable and insecure jobs, with low salaries and no social benefits. The objective of this work was to analyze the variables that determine the process of labor exclusion of youth people in the countries of Spain and Mexico between 2005 and 2017, in order to compare the situation in both countries. For this purpose, the Labor Exclusion Index was developed. The methodology used was the Principal Component Factor Analysis with time series. According to the results, it was observed that youth people are at risk of labor exclusion in both countries. In Spain, youth people maintain involuntary part-time jobs, while in Mexico, they have even more severe informal labor conditions. Youth people in both countries have been included in jobs where they do not have social security or job certainty in order to avoid excluding them from the labor market.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44202368","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I1.1386
R. León-Hernández, Erika Berenice Mártir-Hernández, Yulissa Guadalupe Torres-Compeán, Karen Adyadeth Sánchez-Garcés, T. Gutiérrez-Gómez
There are various problems that affect a caregiver’s health and performance. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify the relationship between depression symptoms of the informal primary caregivers and the dependency that they perceive in the person who is being taken care of. The study design was non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational. The sample was intentional non-probabilistic of 259 informal caregivers. Three data-collection instruments were used: the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Depression Scale (PHQ-8), and the Barthel Scale, which is used for measuring the capacity of a person to carry out 10 basic everyday activities. The average age of the caregivers in this study was 49.6 years, with a predominance of the female sex (82.6 %), and most of the patients’ caregivers were their daughters (38.2 %). The caregivers’ perceived percentage of dependence was placed in the moderate dependence category, with 32.4 %. Results show a small but significant correlation (r = - 0.159, P = 0.010) between dependence and symptoms of depression. The group of caregivers of people with severe dependence showed greater depressive symptoms than their caregiver peers of people with moderate dependence (P = 0.014). Informal primary caregivers reported greater depressive symptoms when they perceived more dependence in their relatives with chronic illnesses.
有各种各样的问题会影响照顾者的健康和表现。因此，本研究的目的是确定非正式主要照顾者的抑郁症状与他们对被照顾者的依赖性之间的关系。研究设计是非实验性的、横断面的和相关的。样本为259名非正式照顾者的故意非概率。使用了三种数据收集工具:患者健康问卷、抑郁量表(PHQ-8)和Barthel量表(用于测量一个人进行10项基本日常活动的能力)。护理人员的平均年龄为49.6岁，以女性居多(82.6%)，以其女儿居多(38.2%)。照顾者的感知依赖百分比被置于中度依赖类别，为32.4%。结果显示，依赖性与抑郁症状之间存在较小但显著的相关性(r = - 0.159, P = 0.010)。重度依赖者的照顾者比中度依赖者的照顾者表现出更大的抑郁症状(P = 0.014)。非正式的初级照护者报告说，当他们感到对患有慢性疾病的亲属更依赖时，他们的抑郁症状更严重。
{"title":"Dependencia percibida y síntomas depresivos en cuidadores primarios informales de personas con enfermedades no transmisibles","authors":"R. León-Hernández, Erika Berenice Mártir-Hernández, Yulissa Guadalupe Torres-Compeán, Karen Adyadeth Sánchez-Garcés, T. Gutiérrez-Gómez","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I1.1386","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I1.1386","url":null,"abstract":"There are various problems that affect a caregiver’s health and performance. Therefore, the objective of the study was to identify the relationship between depression symptoms of the informal primary caregivers and the dependency that they perceive in the person who is being taken care of. The study design was non-experimental, cross-sectional and correlational. The sample was intentional non-probabilistic of 259 informal caregivers. Three data-collection instruments were used: the Patient Health Questionnaire, the Depression Scale (PHQ-8), and the Barthel Scale, which is used for measuring the capacity of a person to carry out 10 basic everyday activities. The average age of the caregivers in this study was 49.6 years, with a predominance of the female sex (82.6 %), and most of the patients’ caregivers were their daughters (38.2 %). The caregivers’ perceived percentage of dependence was placed in the moderate dependence category, with 32.4 %. Results show a small but significant correlation (r = - 0.159, P = 0.010) between dependence and symptoms of depression. The group of caregivers of people with severe dependence showed greater depressive symptoms than their caregiver peers of people with moderate dependence (P = 0.014). Informal primary caregivers reported greater depressive symptoms when they perceived more dependence in their relatives with chronic illnesses.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46938420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-08-01DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1383
José Moral-de-la-Rubia
Marital infidelity is relatively frequent despite its consequences. The aim of the study was to develop a predictive model of sexual infidelity behavior among married persons through the analysis of seven variables related to the infidelity construct. A sample of 790 married persons (53.4 % women and 47.6 % men) was collected in Monterrey, Mexico, using random route sampling. The Relationship Assessment Scale, Sexual Satisfaction Index, Attitude toward Marital Exclusivity Scale, Unfaithful Behavior Scales, Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, and Marital Aggrandizement Scale were applied. A model with 2 correlated exogenous variables (sexual sensation seeking and marital aggrandizement) and 5 endogenous variables (attitude towards infidelity, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, desire for sexual infidelity, and sexual infidelity behavior) was specified. Six out of 100 participants were dissatisfied with their marriage and 13 with sexual relations with their partner; 20 saw more defects than virtues in their partners. In addition, 83 informed not engaging in sexual infidelity behaviors, 60 indicated total rejection towards own sexual infidelity; 72 showed no desire for sexual infidelity; and 51 reported not seeking sexual sensations. The model showed a large effect on the sexual infidelity behavior, explaining 70.8 % of its variance, and had a close fit: X2(7) = 11.93, P-value = 0.10, RMSEA = 0.03, and SRMR = 0.01. It is concluded that the most critical variable in the model is the desire for sexual infidelity, whose most important determinant was the sexual sensation seeking. The negative correlation between this last variable and marital aggrandizement indicates that these 2 variables can be modulated one to the other. Furthermore, the model highlights aspects of marital and sexual dissatisfaction.
{"title":"Modelo predictivo de conducta de infidelidad sexual entre personas casadas","authors":"José Moral-de-la-Rubia","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v15i1.1383","url":null,"abstract":"Marital infidelity is relatively frequent despite its consequences. The aim of the study was to develop a predictive model of sexual infidelity behavior among married persons through the analysis of seven variables related to the infidelity construct. A sample of 790 married persons (53.4 % women and 47.6 % men) was collected in Monterrey, Mexico, using random route sampling. The Relationship Assessment Scale, Sexual Satisfaction Index, Attitude toward Marital Exclusivity Scale, Unfaithful Behavior Scales, Sexual Sensation Seeking Scale, and Marital Aggrandizement Scale were applied. A model with 2 correlated exogenous variables (sexual sensation seeking and marital aggrandizement) and 5 endogenous variables (attitude towards infidelity, marital satisfaction, sexual satisfaction, desire for sexual infidelity, and sexual infidelity behavior) was specified. Six out of 100 participants were dissatisfied with their marriage and 13 with sexual relations with their partner; 20 saw more defects than virtues in their partners. In addition, 83 informed not engaging in sexual infidelity behaviors, 60 indicated total rejection towards own sexual infidelity; 72 showed no desire for sexual infidelity; and 51 reported not seeking sexual sensations. The model showed a large effect on the sexual infidelity behavior, explaining 70.8 % of its variance, and had a close fit: X2(7) = 11.93, P-value = 0.10, RMSEA = 0.03, and SRMR = 0.01. It is concluded that the most critical variable in the model is the desire for sexual infidelity, whose most important determinant was the sexual sensation seeking. The negative correlation between this last variable and marital aggrandizement indicates that these 2 variables can be modulated one to the other. Furthermore, the model highlights aspects of marital and sexual dissatisfaction.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42358671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1296
Guadalupe Jiménez-Flores, Jesús Flores-Tlalpa, A. Ruiz-Tagle, Claudy Lorena Villagrán-Padilla
of reproductive age. The diagnosis can be ma de by applying clinical criteria or by the eva-luation of bacterial morphotypes present in Gram stain performed to vaginal secretion or by microbiological procedures, which were deve loped as an alternative to clinical diagnosis, gradually replacing it. The objective of this work was to determine the effectiveness of the Amsel and Ison-Hay methods, used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis using the Nugent method as a standard. In this study, 3 05 samples of vaginal discharge from pa tients of the ISSSTE Puebla Regional Hospital were analyzed. The samples were processed and analyzed for the diagnosis of BV following the recommendations of the Amsel, Nugent and Ison-Hay methods. The analysis of the results indicated 12.8 % by Nugent, 31.1 % of BV by the Amsel method and 36.7 % by Ison-Hay; suggesting that both techniques show a high rate of false positives. The sensitivity for the Amsel and Ison-Hay method was 97.44 %, the specificity was 78.57 % and 72.18 % for Amsel and Ison-Hay, respectively. In conclusion, given the results obtained and the minimal differences between the analyzed methods, it is recommended to perform the Amsel criteria, followed by the observation of Gram staining of the vaginal flow for the assessment of the microbiota by the Ison-Hay method, to have a better diagnosis of BV, when the Nugent method is not used.
{"title":"Evaluación de los métodos utilizados para el diagnóstico de vaginosis bacteriana en el Hospital Regional ISSSTE Puebla","authors":"Guadalupe Jiménez-Flores, Jesús Flores-Tlalpa, A. Ruiz-Tagle, Claudy Lorena Villagrán-Padilla","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1296","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1296","url":null,"abstract":"of reproductive age. The diagnosis can be ma de by applying clinical criteria or by the eva-luation of bacterial morphotypes present in Gram stain performed to vaginal secretion or by microbiological procedures, which were deve loped as an alternative to clinical diagnosis, gradually replacing it. The objective of this work was to determine the effectiveness of the Amsel and Ison-Hay methods, used for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis using the Nugent method as a standard. In this study, 3 05 samples of vaginal discharge from pa tients of the ISSSTE Puebla Regional Hospital were analyzed. The samples were processed and analyzed for the diagnosis of BV following the recommendations of the Amsel, Nugent and Ison-Hay methods. The analysis of the results indicated 12.8 % by Nugent, 31.1 % of BV by the Amsel method and 36.7 % by Ison-Hay; suggesting that both techniques show a high rate of false positives. The sensitivity for the Amsel and Ison-Hay method was 97.44 %, the specificity was 78.57 % and 72.18 % for Amsel and Ison-Hay, respectively. In conclusion, given the results obtained and the minimal differences between the analyzed methods, it is recommended to perform the Amsel criteria, followed by the observation of Gram staining of the vaginal flow for the assessment of the microbiota by the Ison-Hay method, to have a better diagnosis of BV, when the Nugent method is not used.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41998897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1267
Oscar Ruiz-Barrera, Jesús López-Morones, J. Salinas-Chavira, Y. Castillo-Castillo
Probiotics assist in the development of beneficial microorganisms in the rumen that increase digestibility of nutrients and improves the productive performance of ruminants; it also has the possibility of using ingredients as corn stover of relatively low nutritional value, but available in some places at low prices. Saccharomyces yeasts are conventionally used as probiotics and there are reports that use native strains such as Candida norvegensis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the probiotic of Candida norvegensis on the in situ ruminal dry matter degradability of corn stover and on the productive performance of growing lambs. In the first experiment, the yeast Candida norvegensis (strain Levazoot 15) [0 g (T1)] and 5 g (T2) was used to determine the in situ ruminal dry matter degradation (RDMD) of the corn stover in 3 cows with cannulas in the rumen, which was determined by the polyester bag technique. There was no effect of yeast (P > 0.05) on fraction (a), (b) and (a+b). However, the effective degradability at 1 %/h and 5 %/h of ruminal turnover was higher in T2 (P < 0.05). In the second experiment, 32 lambs were randomly assigned to individual pens for 105 d to evaluate 4 diets that differed in the proportion of concentrate: forage: T1 = 75: 25, T2 = 75:25; T3 = 50: 50, and T4 = 25: 75. With the exception of T1, the diets were supplemented with Candida norvegensis at 15 mL/kg of live weight, equivalent to 5 g/d of yeast in dry matter basis. The lambs in the diet with 75 % of concentrate plus the yeast (T2) showed greater weight gain and best feed conversion (P < 0.05). It is concluded that Candida norvegensis showed beneficial effects on ruminal degradability and on the growth of lambs.
{"title":"Efecto de Candida norvegensis sobre la degradabilidad ruminal de rastrojo de maíz y el crecimiento de corderos","authors":"Oscar Ruiz-Barrera, Jesús López-Morones, J. Salinas-Chavira, Y. Castillo-Castillo","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1267","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1267","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics assist in the development of beneficial microorganisms in the rumen that increase digestibility of nutrients and improves the productive performance of ruminants; it also has the possibility of using ingredients as corn stover of relatively low nutritional value, but available in some places at low prices. Saccharomyces yeasts are conventionally used as probiotics and there are reports that use native strains such as Candida norvegensis. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the probiotic of Candida norvegensis on the in situ ruminal dry matter degradability of corn stover and on the productive performance of growing lambs. In the first experiment, the yeast Candida norvegensis (strain Levazoot 15) [0 g (T1)] and 5 g (T2) was used to determine the in situ ruminal dry matter degradation (RDMD) of the corn stover in 3 cows with cannulas in the rumen, which was determined by the polyester bag technique. There was no effect of yeast (P > 0.05) on fraction (a), (b) and (a+b). However, the effective degradability at 1 %/h and 5 %/h of ruminal turnover was higher in T2 (P < 0.05). In the second experiment, 32 lambs were randomly assigned to individual pens for 105 d to evaluate 4 diets that differed in the proportion of concentrate: forage: T1 = 75: 25, T2 = 75:25; T3 = 50: 50, and T4 = 25: 75. With the exception of T1, the diets were supplemented with Candida norvegensis at 15 mL/kg of live weight, equivalent to 5 g/d of yeast in dry matter basis. The lambs in the diet with 75 % of concentrate plus the yeast (T2) showed greater weight gain and best feed conversion (P < 0.05). It is concluded that Candida norvegensis showed beneficial effects on ruminal degradability and on the growth of lambs.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49374930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1237
Evelia Reséndiz-Balderas
Children develop mathematical skills in school and non-school settings from an early age. The objectives of this study were to analyze: the discourse during teaching-learning processes in which number sense was included and the role of ITC to develop this sense. The research method was a qualitative ethnography where the school discourse employed during the teaching of number sense was analyzed. Piaget and Vygotsky´s constructs were used as a theoretical framework since children undergo diverse and specific development stages according to their skills and intellect, and they similarly learn through social interaction. Three teaching principles were identified that favored logical mathematical thinking and number sense: the creation of all types of relationships, the quantification of objects, and social interaction with classmates and teachers. These principles lead to the development of a shared understanding of number sense and the use of mathematics, culturally situated in everyday settings.
{"title":"Análisis del discurso y desarrollo de la noción de número en preescolar y el uso de las TIC","authors":"Evelia Reséndiz-Balderas","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1237","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1237","url":null,"abstract":"Children develop mathematical skills in school and non-school settings from an early age. The objectives of this study were to analyze: the discourse during teaching-learning processes in which number sense was included and the role of ITC to develop this sense. The research method was a qualitative ethnography where the school discourse employed during the teaching of number sense was analyzed. Piaget and Vygotsky´s constructs were used as a theoretical framework since children undergo diverse and specific development stages according to their skills and intellect, and they similarly learn through social interaction. Three teaching principles were identified that favored logical mathematical thinking and number sense: the creation of all types of relationships, the quantification of objects, and social interaction with classmates and teachers. These principles lead to the development of a shared understanding of number sense and the use of mathematics, culturally situated in everyday settings.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42063974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1308
E. Suárez-Domínguez, Arturo Palacio-Pérez, J. F. Pérez-Sánchez, Elena Izquierdo-Kulich
The description of the behavior of a biphasic flow through porous beds by means of models based on the equations of transport phenomena is made difficult due to the geometric irregularity of the channels that are formed between the solid particles that make up the bed. Deterministic models developed for single-phase flows require the adjustment of empirical constants and cannot be extrapolated to biphasic flows, where the flow pattern generated in the system significantly influences the behavior of the total flow and the frictional pressure losses. Therefore, in this paper, we present a model to describe the behavior of the biphasic flow in relation to the flow pattern and the morphology, dimensions, and operating conditions of the porous bed, whose obtainment was based on a hierarchy that used the equations for conservation of momentum, fractal geometry and fractional differential calculus jointly. The model predicts that, for the same composition of the biphasic flow, the flow pattern significantly influences friction pressure losses, with an increase when one of the phases is dispersed within the other. On the other hand, the increase in the fractal dimension of the pores, in turn, causes an increase in pressure loss due to friction. The model has limitations associated with the considerations established during its collection, since it is only valid when the effects of surface tension are more significant than the gravitational effects, the effects of the latter being disregarded on the flow pattern, as well as for the stationary state.
{"title":"Efecto del patrón de flujo sobre las pérdidas de presión para flujo bifásico a través de lechos porosos bajo perspectiva fractal","authors":"E. Suárez-Domínguez, Arturo Palacio-Pérez, J. F. Pérez-Sánchez, Elena Izquierdo-Kulich","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1308","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1308","url":null,"abstract":"The description of the behavior of a biphasic flow through porous beds by means of models based on the equations of transport phenomena is made difficult due to the geometric irregularity of the channels that are formed between the solid particles that make up the bed. Deterministic models developed for single-phase flows require the adjustment of empirical constants and cannot be extrapolated to biphasic flows, where the flow pattern generated in the system significantly influences the behavior of the total flow and the frictional pressure losses. Therefore, in this paper, we present a model to describe the behavior of the biphasic flow in relation to the flow pattern and the morphology, dimensions, and operating conditions of the porous bed, whose obtainment was based on a hierarchy that used the equations for conservation of momentum, fractal geometry and fractional differential calculus jointly. The model predicts that, for the same composition of the biphasic flow, the flow pattern significantly influences friction pressure losses, with an increase when one of the phases is dispersed within the other. On the other hand, the increase in the fractal dimension of the pores, in turn, causes an increase in pressure loss due to friction. The model has limitations associated with the considerations established during its collection, since it is only valid when the effects of surface tension are more significant than the gravitational effects, the effects of the latter being disregarded on the flow pattern, as well as for the stationary state.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46389620","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1359
María Consuelo Lemus-Pool, César Bárcenas-Curtis, José Alberto Gómez-Issasi
In Mexico, several studies exist about what young people do on the web and how they interact in these environments; however, concerning southern Tamaulipas, there are no specific studies that address the characteristics of these practices. The objective of this work is to present a diagnosis of the uses and appro priations of digital platforms among young people in the southern region of Tamaulipas, Mexico, among high school and college students. The methodology is quantitative, based on a descriptive non-experimental design. A statistically representative sample from the municipalities of Tampico, Ciudad Madero, and Altamira, was designed with a 95 % accuracy and a margin of error of +/- 2 %. A questionnaire was developed and administered to a sample of 1 222 young students, in which the intensity of use and navigation profile of various digital platforms was evaluated. These platforms include general information pages, information or product exchange, digital social networks, educational and learning sites, as well as entertainment. The findings show that two fundamental elements mediate the processes of use and appropriation of digital platforms: a technical component, related to the interactivity resources provided by the platform itself, and a socio cultural component that relates to the life story, social and cultural capital, personality and expressive capacity, as well as the digital skills and intrinsic motivations of young people. In conclusion, this study allows us to problematize the phenomenon of the appropriation of digital platforms from the local level and to propose intervention routes that take advantage of the identified potential of digital skills, collaboration and content production.
{"title":"Jóvenes y tecnologías digitales. Diagnóstico del uso y apropiación de plataformas digitales en la zona conurbada del sur de Tamaulipas","authors":"María Consuelo Lemus-Pool, César Bárcenas-Curtis, José Alberto Gómez-Issasi","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1359","url":null,"abstract":"In Mexico, several studies exist about what young people do on the web and how they interact in these environments; however, concerning southern Tamaulipas, there are no specific studies that address the characteristics of these practices. The objective of this work is to present a diagnosis of the uses and appro priations of digital platforms among young people in the southern region of Tamaulipas, Mexico, among high school and college students. The methodology is quantitative, based on a descriptive non-experimental design. A statistically representative sample from the municipalities of Tampico, Ciudad Madero, and Altamira, was designed with a 95 % accuracy and a margin of error of +/- 2 %. A questionnaire was developed and administered to a sample of 1 222 young students, in which the intensity of use and navigation profile of various digital platforms was evaluated. These platforms include general information pages, information or product exchange, digital social networks, educational and learning sites, as well as entertainment. The findings show that two fundamental elements mediate the processes of use and appropriation of digital platforms: a technical component, related to the interactivity resources provided by the platform itself, and a socio cultural component that relates to the life story, social and cultural capital, personality and expressive capacity, as well as the digital skills and intrinsic motivations of young people. In conclusion, this study allows us to problematize the phenomenon of the appropriation of digital platforms from the local level and to propose intervention routes that take advantage of the identified potential of digital skills, collaboration and content production.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48919424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1298
Wilver Enrique Salinas-Castillo, Marijose Terrazas-Ruiz, A. Mora-Olivo, Cutberto Uriel Paredes-Hernández
Land Use Change (LUC) tends to have a negative effect on global atmospheric and climate processes. The objective of this paper was to assess the LUC for the San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico municipality, during the period comprehended between 1987 and 2017. The classification by segmentation method was applied to satellite images obtained from 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017, which allowed for a reduction in the noise that is characteristic of pixel-based classification. However, it was necessary to edit the results in order to recover human settlements, eliminate clouds and shadows, and reduce the confusion between vegetation cover and cultivated agricultural land in order to avoid introducing artificial LUC in the statistics produced. The multitemporal analysis showed a clear trend in the reduction of vegetation cover (- 6.53 %) and of areas devoid of vegetation (- 1.71 %). Likewise, the results also highlight a significant increase of agricultural land (+ 7.61 %), which seems to be unassociated with the increase of human settlements (+ 0.08 %). The developed methodology seems to be appropriate and of easy implementation to carry out the LUC analysis in other regions of interest.
{"title":"Análisis multitemporal de cambios de uso de la tierra en San Fernando, Tamaulipas, durante el periodo 1987 a 2017","authors":"Wilver Enrique Salinas-Castillo, Marijose Terrazas-Ruiz, A. Mora-Olivo, Cutberto Uriel Paredes-Hernández","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1298","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1298","url":null,"abstract":"Land Use Change (LUC) tends to have a negative effect on global atmospheric and climate processes. The objective of this paper was to assess the LUC for the San Fernando, Tamaulipas, Mexico municipality, during the period comprehended between 1987 and 2017. The classification by segmentation method was applied to satellite images obtained from 1987, 1997, 2007 and 2017, which allowed for a reduction in the noise that is characteristic of pixel-based classification. However, it was necessary to edit the results in order to recover human settlements, eliminate clouds and shadows, and reduce the confusion between vegetation cover and cultivated agricultural land in order to avoid introducing artificial LUC in the statistics produced. The multitemporal analysis showed a clear trend in the reduction of vegetation cover (- 6.53 %) and of areas devoid of vegetation (- 1.71 %). Likewise, the results also highlight a significant increase of agricultural land (+ 7.61 %), which seems to be unassociated with the increase of human settlements (+ 0.08 %). The developed methodology seems to be appropriate and of easy implementation to carry out the LUC analysis in other regions of interest.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44450137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-31DOI: 10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1248
J. M. Mata-Balderas, Silvino Eduardo Hernández-Cárdenas, E. Alanís-Rodríguez, A. Mora-Olivo
Riparian vegetation constitutes a key element for the maintenance of fluvial ecosystems, especially for those that are surrounded by urban zones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and variation of riparian vegetation in a stretch of the Santa Catarina river, over two cities of the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. For the analysis of the vegetation, sampling transects were established in a section of 15.65 km. The high stratum (shrub and tree plants) was analyzed using a Bray-Curtis ordering model and a dominance-diversity plot. The Jaccard similarity coefficient was used for the low stratum (herbaceous plants). In the high stratum, 16 families belonging to 25 genera and 28 species were recorded. The species with the highest number of individuals were Salix nigra , Leu caena leucocephala , Ricinus communis and Parkinsonia aculeata . The composition of the vegetation has a similarity level of intermediate to high, because the groups vary between 60 % to 71.53 %. In thelow stratum, 25 families, 53 genera and 60 species were recorded with a similarity level of low to intermediate, because the groups vary between 23 to 47 %. The species that were mostly registered in the low stratum were Cyperus involucratus in 7 sites, and Eragros tis mexicana , Heliantus annuus, Melinis repens , Polygonum pensylvanicum and Typha domingensis in six sites each one. The composition of the vegetation is in a secondary successional state, because the species with greater presence are exotic or invasive, such as Leucaena leucocephala and Ricinus communis for the high stratum and Cyperus involucratus, Typha domingensis and Melinis repens for the low stratum.
{"title":"Riqueza, composición y abundancia de especies en una comunidad vegetal ribereña en el río Santa Catarina, Monterrey, Nuevo León","authors":"J. M. Mata-Balderas, Silvino Eduardo Hernández-Cárdenas, E. Alanís-Rodríguez, A. Mora-Olivo","doi":"10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/cienciauat.v14i2.1248","url":null,"abstract":"Riparian vegetation constitutes a key element for the maintenance of fluvial ecosystems, especially for those that are surrounded by urban zones. The aim of this study was to evaluate the composition and variation of riparian vegetation in a stretch of the Santa Catarina river, over two cities of the Monterrey Metropolitan Area. For the analysis of the vegetation, sampling transects were established in a section of 15.65 km. The high stratum (shrub and tree plants) was analyzed using a Bray-Curtis ordering model and a dominance-diversity plot. The Jaccard similarity coefficient was used for the low stratum (herbaceous plants). In the high stratum, 16 families belonging to 25 genera and 28 species were recorded. The species with the highest number of individuals were Salix nigra , Leu caena leucocephala , Ricinus communis and Parkinsonia aculeata . The composition of the vegetation has a similarity level of intermediate to high, because the groups vary between 60 % to 71.53 %. In thelow stratum, 25 families, 53 genera and 60 species were recorded with a similarity level of low to intermediate, because the groups vary between 23 to 47 %. The species that were mostly registered in the low stratum were Cyperus involucratus in 7 sites, and Eragros tis mexicana , Heliantus annuus, Melinis repens , Polygonum pensylvanicum and Typha domingensis in six sites each one. The composition of the vegetation is in a secondary successional state, because the species with greater presence are exotic or invasive, such as Leucaena leucocephala and Ricinus communis for the high stratum and Cyperus involucratus, Typha domingensis and Melinis repens for the low stratum.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2020-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47642939","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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