Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1501
J. M. Ezquerra-Brauer, Jesús Enrique Chan-Higuera
Los organismos marinos poseen maravillosos colores que los hacen muy atractivos. Las caracteristicas unicas de los compuestos sintetizados por especies de origen marino van mas alla de su apariencia. Los pigmentos responsables de esos colores son capaces tambien de generar diversas actividades biologicas, como la capacidad antioxidante, la cual puede ocurrir a traves de diversos mecanismos. Esto ha propiciado un aumento de su investigacion, debido a su amplia aplicacion en la biotecnologia, farmaceutica, cosmetica y alimentacion de organismos vivos, expandiendo los estudios tanto in vitro como en ensayos in vivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue compilar y describir diversos estudios recientes, enfocados en demostrar y elucidar los mecanismos de accion de los diferentes compuestos bioquimicos con actividad antioxidante, provenientes de algunos organismos marinos. Para ello, se utilizaron las bases de datos Scopus®, Web of Science™ y Microsoft Academic. Los pigmentos provenientes de organismos marinos representan una alternativa promisoria frente a los antioxidantes y aditivos sinteticos utilizados en la actualidad. El establecimiento y comprension de los mecanismos de accion de los componentes pigmentados bioactivos, aislados de los organismos marinos, permitira determinar con mayor precision su posible aplicacion en la industria.
海洋生物有美妙的颜色，使它们非常吸引人。海洋物种合成的化合物的独特特征不仅仅是它们的外观。负责这些颜色的色素也能够产生各种生物活性，如抗氧化能力，这可以通过各种机制发生。由于其在生物技术、制药、化妆品和生物饲料方面的广泛应用，这导致了研究的增加，扩大了体外和体内试验的研究。本研究的目的是汇编和描述最近的几项研究，重点是证明和阐明来自某些海洋生物的具有抗氧化活性的不同生化化合物的作用机制。为此，我们使用了Scopus®、Web of Science™和Microsoft Academic数据库。来自海洋生物的色素是目前使用的抗氧化剂和合成添加剂的一个很有前途的替代品。建立和了解从海洋生物中分离出来的生物活性色素成分的作用机制，将有助于更准确地确定它们在工业上的潜在应用。
{"title":"Capacidad antioxidante y mecanismo de acción de pigmentos en organismos marinos","authors":"J. M. Ezquerra-Brauer, Jesús Enrique Chan-Higuera","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1501","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1501","url":null,"abstract":"Los organismos marinos poseen maravillosos colores que los hacen muy atractivos. Las caracteristicas unicas de los compuestos sintetizados por especies de origen marino van mas alla de su apariencia. Los pigmentos responsables de esos colores son capaces tambien de generar diversas actividades biologicas, como la capacidad antioxidante, la cual puede ocurrir a traves de diversos mecanismos. Esto ha propiciado un aumento de su investigacion, debido a su amplia aplicacion en la biotecnologia, farmaceutica, cosmetica y alimentacion de organismos vivos, expandiendo los estudios tanto in vitro como en ensayos in vivo. El objetivo de este trabajo fue compilar y describir diversos estudios recientes, enfocados en demostrar y elucidar los mecanismos de accion de los diferentes compuestos bioquimicos con actividad antioxidante, provenientes de algunos organismos marinos. Para ello, se utilizaron las bases de datos Scopus®, Web of Science™ y Microsoft Academic. Los pigmentos provenientes de organismos marinos representan una alternativa promisoria frente a los antioxidantes y aditivos sinteticos utilizados en la actualidad. El establecimiento y comprension de los mecanismos de accion de los componentes pigmentados bioactivos, aislados de los organismos marinos, permitira determinar con mayor precision su posible aplicacion en la industria.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45205289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1462
S. M. Madero-Gómez, Oscar Eliud Ortiz-Mendoza, Eva María Guerra-Leal
Las empresas han integrado estrategias de flexibilidad como parte importante en los procesos de recursos humanos, principalmente como un componente mas de su salario emocional. El objetivo de esta investigacion fue establecer de que manera la flexibilidad laboral se relaciona con la dedicacion, el reto intelectual y el ambiente laboral que perciben las personas en su lugar de trabajo. Se realizo una investigacion de tipo cuantitativo durante el mes de noviembre de 2018, en el que se aplico un cuestionario en linea de 38 reactivos, obteniendo una muestra de 282 trabajadores mexicanos de la ciudad de Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. El 95.4 % de los entrevistados manifestaron interes por al menos una de las variantes de trabajo flexible. La modalidad de trabajo en espacios abiertos fue la opcion menos aceptada, con una preferencia del 7.8 %. Se encontro correlacion positiva entre el ambiente laboral y el balance positivo por trabajo flexible. El ambiente laboral tambien mostro alta correlacion positiva con la dedicacion y el reto intelectual. Lo anterior resulta de interes en el contexto actual para las estrategias de recursos humanos y el ambiente empresarial.
{"title":"Estrategias de flexibilidad y su relación con el ambiente laboral, la dedicación y el reto intelectual","authors":"S. M. Madero-Gómez, Oscar Eliud Ortiz-Mendoza, Eva María Guerra-Leal","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1462","url":null,"abstract":"Las empresas han integrado estrategias de flexibilidad como parte importante en los procesos de recursos humanos, principalmente como un componente mas de su salario emocional. El objetivo de esta investigacion fue establecer de que manera la flexibilidad laboral se relaciona con la dedicacion, el reto intelectual y el ambiente laboral que perciben las personas en su lugar de trabajo. Se realizo una investigacion de tipo cuantitativo durante el mes de noviembre de 2018, en el que se aplico un cuestionario en linea de 38 reactivos, obteniendo una muestra de 282 trabajadores mexicanos de la ciudad de Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, Mexico. El 95.4 % de los entrevistados manifestaron interes por al menos una de las variantes de trabajo flexible. La modalidad de trabajo en espacios abiertos fue la opcion menos aceptada, con una preferencia del 7.8 %. Se encontro correlacion positiva entre el ambiente laboral y el balance positivo por trabajo flexible. El ambiente laboral tambien mostro alta correlacion positiva con la dedicacion y el reto intelectual. Lo anterior resulta de interes en el contexto actual para las estrategias de recursos humanos y el ambiente empresarial.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42098595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1368
Arnoldo Wong-Villarreal, Hipólito Corzo-González, Emanuel Hernández-Núñez, Avel González-Sánchez, G. Giácoman-Vallejos
Chiapas cream cheese is an artisanal product manufactured in different regions of Mexico. The ability of lactic bacteria to produce large amounts of lactic and acetic acid has the effect of decreasing the pH, considered one of the primary factors in the inhibition of undesirable microorganisms such as pathogens and coliform bacteria, in dairy foods. The objective of this work was to isolate lactic acid bacteria and evaluate their antagonistic effect against pathogenic bacteria in vitro, as well as their effect against pathogens that are present in milk when they are added in the preparation of cream cheese. Strains of lactic bacteria were isolated from cream cheese from Chiapas, Mexico. Isolates were identified by API 50CH biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal gene sequences. The bacteria under study were used in pathogen growth inhibition tests. The production of acetic and lactic acid was quantified by gas chromatography coupled to masses in the cheeses at the beginning and 10 d after its elaboration. 203 bacterial strains were isolated, 82 of which had the ability to inhibit the growth of 7 pathogenic bacterial strains. The strains were identified by the partial sequence of the 16S ribosomal gene as belonging to the genus Lactobacillus; The addition of these strains in the elaboration of cream cheese reduces or eliminates coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, molds and yeasts, while in the cheese made with pasteurized milk 290 CFU/mL of molds and yeasts were detected. These results suggest that Lactobacillus strains isolated from Chiapas artisanal cream cheese has the potential to be used as a starter culture with bioconservation activity in this and similar products.
{"title":"Caracterización de bacterias ácido lácticas con actividad antimicrobiana aisladas del queso crema de Chiapas, México","authors":"Arnoldo Wong-Villarreal, Hipólito Corzo-González, Emanuel Hernández-Núñez, Avel González-Sánchez, G. Giácoman-Vallejos","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1368","url":null,"abstract":"Chiapas cream cheese is an artisanal product manufactured in different regions of Mexico. The ability of lactic bacteria to produce large amounts of lactic and acetic acid has the effect of decreasing the pH, considered one of the primary factors in the inhibition of undesirable microorganisms such as pathogens and coliform bacteria, in dairy foods. The objective of this work was to isolate lactic acid bacteria and evaluate their antagonistic effect against pathogenic bacteria in vitro, as well as their effect against pathogens that are present in milk when they are added in the preparation of cream cheese. Strains of lactic bacteria were isolated from cream cheese from Chiapas, Mexico. Isolates were identified by API 50CH biochemical tests and 16S ribosomal gene sequences. The bacteria under study were used in pathogen growth inhibition tests. The production of acetic and lactic acid was quantified by gas chromatography coupled to masses in the cheeses at the beginning and 10 d after its elaboration. 203 bacterial strains were isolated, 82 of which had the ability to inhibit the growth of 7 pathogenic bacterial strains. The strains were identified by the partial sequence of the 16S ribosomal gene as belonging to the genus Lactobacillus; The addition of these strains in the elaboration of cream cheese reduces or eliminates coliforms, Staphylococcus aureus, molds and yeasts, while in the cheese made with pasteurized milk 290 CFU/mL of molds and yeasts were detected. These results suggest that Lactobacillus strains isolated from Chiapas artisanal cream cheese has the potential to be used as a starter culture with bioconservation activity in this and similar products.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45683151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1408
Luisa Álvarez-Cervantes, José Rafael Sáenz-Rangel
El estado de Tamaulipas está ubicado al noreste de México, región geográfica colonizada años más tarde que el centro y el sur del país. Se ha documentado poco del devenir histórico de las primeras instituciones educativas del nivel superior de la entidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar el estado actual que guarda el conocimiento de la historiografía de la educación en Tamaulipas del siglo XIX. Se localizaron 22 obras editadas y publicadas entre 1948 y 2018, que recogieron las memorias y experiencias educativas. Se sometieron a un procedimiento, con base en criterios historiográficos, que permitió ordenarlas en historias, biografías, crónicas o memorias. Se agruparon en correspondencia a espacios y temporalidades, en generales o regionales y por periodos históricos. Se describen las obras que hablan de las dos etapas: la inicial, referente a la fundación de las primeras instituciones por maestros republicanos ilustrados; escritas por sus egresados, historiadores por vocación, autores de las primeras historias de la educación estatal, que trabajaron en un marco ilustrado, liberal, republicano y juarista, promotor de ofrecer al pueblo una educación pública, laica, gratuita y obligatoria, en el que quedó institucionalizada la educación superior del estado. La segunda etapa ocurre en el siglo XX, con la creación de la Universidad de Tamaulipas, que sería después la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, institución que permite formar historiadores de profesión, maestros e historiadores de raigambre decimonónica, que complementan el marco histórico educativo. Este trabajo permite un punto de partida al investigador interesado en continuar con la línea de la historia e historiografía de este tiempo y espacio.
塔毛利帕斯州位于墨西哥东北部，这个地理区域比墨西哥中部和南部晚几年被殖民。关于第一批高等教育机构的历史发展，几乎没有文献记载。这项工作的目的是展示19世纪塔毛利帕斯州教育史学知识的现状。1948年至2018年间编辑出版的22部作品，收集了记忆和教育经历。他们接受了一个程序，根据史学标准，允许他们被分类为历史、传记、编年史或回忆录。它们是根据空间和时间进行分组的，一般的或区域的，以及历史时期。它描述了两个阶段的作品:初始阶段，指的是由开明的共和党大师建立第一个机构;它的毕业生，职业历史学家，第一批国家教育历史的作者，在开明的，自由的，共和的和犹太的框架下工作，促进为人民提供公共的，世俗的，免费的和强制性的教育，在其中国家高等教育制度化。第二阶段发生在20世纪，塔毛利帕斯州大学(university of Tamaulipas)成立，随后是塔毛利帕斯州自治大学(Universidad Autonoma de Tamaulipas)，这是一个允许培养专业历史学家、教师和19世纪历史学家的机构，补充了历史教育框架。这项工作为有兴趣继续研究这个时间和空间的历史和史学的研究者提供了一个起点。
{"title":"Estado del conocimiento de la historiografía de la educación en Tamaulipas siglo XIX","authors":"Luisa Álvarez-Cervantes, José Rafael Sáenz-Rangel","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1408","url":null,"abstract":"El estado de Tamaulipas está ubicado al noreste de México, región geográfica colonizada años más tarde que el centro y el sur del país. Se ha documentado poco del devenir histórico de las primeras instituciones educativas del nivel superior de la entidad. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue presentar el estado actual que guarda el conocimiento de la historiografía de la educación en Tamaulipas del siglo XIX. Se localizaron 22 obras editadas y publicadas entre 1948 y 2018, que recogieron las memorias y experiencias educativas. Se sometieron a un procedimiento, con base en criterios historiográficos, que permitió ordenarlas en historias, biografías, crónicas o memorias. Se agruparon en correspondencia a espacios y temporalidades, en generales o regionales y por periodos históricos. Se describen las obras que hablan de las dos etapas: la inicial, referente a la fundación de las primeras instituciones por maestros republicanos ilustrados; escritas por sus egresados, historiadores por vocación, autores de las primeras historias de la educación estatal, que trabajaron en un marco ilustrado, liberal, republicano y juarista, promotor de ofrecer al pueblo una educación pública, laica, gratuita y obligatoria, en el que quedó institucionalizada la educación superior del estado. La segunda etapa ocurre en el siglo XX, con la creación de la Universidad de Tamaulipas, que sería después la Universidad Autónoma de Tamaulipas, institución que permite formar historiadores de profesión, maestros e historiadores de raigambre decimonónica, que complementan el marco histórico educativo. Este trabajo permite un punto de partida al investigador interesado en continuar con la línea de la historia e historiografía de este tiempo y espacio.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47238004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1395
Daniel López-Velasco, E. Sosa-montes, Arturo Pro-Martínez, Fernando González-Cerón, Artemio Jovanny Vargas-Galicia
Lipid oxidation deteriorates foods; therefore, synthetic antioxidants are used to decrease it. However, excess synthetic antioxidants have carcinogenic effects. Some plants such as oregano, as well as bee honey, contain natural antioxidants which are not harmful to health. No reports were found on the use of bee honey to decrease lipid oxidation in rabbit meat. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of bee honey as antioxidant on raw rabbit loin, refrigerated at 4 °C. The antioxidant activity (AA)of three types of honey was evaluated: dark, amber and clear, to be mixed with rabbit meat. Dark honey was selected for its higher antioxidant effect. 64 samples of 100 g of raw meat were prepared, 32 samples were mixed with 2 g dark honey and the other 32 were left without honey (control). The samples were stored at 4 °C and AA as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were evaluated at 0 d, 3 d, 6 d and 9 d of storage. The AA decreased, and the MDA concentration increased (P < 0.05) with refrigeration time (changes that indicate meat spoilage). After 3 d and 6 d, the raw meat samples with honey showed higher AA (P < 0.05) and after 6 d, they showed lower MDA values (P < 0.05) compared to the control samples (these changes indicate no spoilage of meat). Dark bee honey contains high concentrations of natural antioxidants that protect ground raw rabbit loin against oxidative damage that can occur during refrigeration, therefore, its use is recommended for this purpose.
{"title":"Efecto antioxidante de la miel de abeja sobre la carne de conejo almacenada en refrigeración","authors":"Daniel López-Velasco, E. Sosa-montes, Arturo Pro-Martínez, Fernando González-Cerón, Artemio Jovanny Vargas-Galicia","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1395","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1395","url":null,"abstract":"Lipid oxidation deteriorates foods; therefore, synthetic antioxidants are used to decrease it. However, excess synthetic antioxidants have carcinogenic effects. Some plants such as oregano, as well as bee honey, contain natural antioxidants which are not harmful to health. No reports were found on the use of bee honey to decrease lipid oxidation in rabbit meat. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of bee honey as antioxidant on raw rabbit loin, refrigerated at 4 °C. The antioxidant activity (AA)of three types of honey was evaluated: dark, amber and clear, to be mixed with rabbit meat. Dark honey was selected for its higher antioxidant effect. 64 samples of 100 g of raw meat were prepared, 32 samples were mixed with 2 g dark honey and the other 32 were left without honey (control). The samples were stored at 4 °C and AA as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) concentrations were evaluated at 0 d, 3 d, 6 d and 9 d of storage. The AA decreased, and the MDA concentration increased (P < 0.05) with refrigeration time (changes that indicate meat spoilage). After 3 d and 6 d, the raw meat samples with honey showed higher AA (P < 0.05) and after 6 d, they showed lower MDA values (P < 0.05) compared to the control samples (these changes indicate no spoilage of meat). Dark bee honey contains high concentrations of natural antioxidants that protect ground raw rabbit loin against oxidative damage that can occur during refrigeration, therefore, its use is recommended for this purpose.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42915218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1439
Francisco Javier Sahagún-Sánchez, Marco Antonio Espinoza-Guzmán, Francisco Martín Huerta-Martínez
Knowledge about biodiversity in a natural protected area is essential for the development of actions for its management and conservation. The objective of this work was to determine the richness patterns, endemism categories, as well as the conservation and vulnerability status of birds in the Sierra del Abra Tanchipa Biosphere Reserve, located in the northeastern region of the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. The information generated by the community bird monitoring program and other sampling efforts in the area was included. Fieldwork was carried out based on the census method of counting by points established along transects in the study area. A total of 279 bird species belonging to 23 orders and 54 families were registered, of which the highest percentage are permanent resident species (64.16 %). Of the species recorded, 37 are under some risk category, and 25 species have some endemism category. 54.12 % of the species have a Neotropical affinity, 26.88 % a Nearctic one, and 19 % a Nearctic/Neotropical one. On the other hand, around 22.22 % of the registered birds have a medium to high sensitivity to disturbance, which may increase due to changes in habitats generated by human activities in the reserve’s area of influence. The community allies linked to the monitoring program contributed significantly to the field activities and the dissemination of the actions aimed at bird awareness in the reserve. The obtained data allow the updating of information in the management program of the natural protected area, which will favor the birds’ conservation in the zone.
关于自然保护区生物多样性的知识对于制定管理和保护行动至关重要。这项工作的目的是确定位于墨西哥圣路易斯波托西州东北部的Sierra del Abra Tanchipa生物圈保护区内鸟类的丰富度模式、特有种类别以及保护和脆弱性状况。社区鸟类监测计划和该地区其他采样工作产生的信息也包括在内。实地调查是根据研究区域内沿样带建立的点计数的人口普查方法进行的。登记的鸟类共有279种，隶属于23目54科，其中常驻物种比例最高（64.16%）。在记录的物种中，37种属于某种风险类别，25种属于某种特有性类别。54.12%的物种具有新热带亲缘关系，26.88%具有近北亲缘关系，19%具有近北/新热带亲缘性。另一方面，约22.22%的登记鸟类对干扰具有中等至高度敏感性，这可能会由于保护区影响区内人类活动产生的栖息地变化而增加。与监测计划相关的社区盟友对保护区内的实地活动和旨在提高鸟类意识的行动的传播做出了重大贡献。获得的数据可以更新自然保护区管理计划中的信息，这将有利于保护区内的鸟类。
{"title":"Riqueza de aves en la Reserva de la Biosfera Sierra del Abra Tanchipa en San Luis Potosí, México","authors":"Francisco Javier Sahagún-Sánchez, Marco Antonio Espinoza-Guzmán, Francisco Martín Huerta-Martínez","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1439","url":null,"abstract":"Knowledge about biodiversity in a natural protected area is essential for the development of actions for its management and conservation. The objective of this work was to determine the richness patterns, endemism categories, as well as the conservation and vulnerability status of birds in the Sierra del Abra Tanchipa Biosphere Reserve, located in the northeastern region of the state of San Luis Potosi, Mexico. The information generated by the community bird monitoring program and other sampling efforts in the area was included. Fieldwork was carried out based on the census method of counting by points established along transects in the study area. A total of 279 bird species belonging to 23 orders and 54 families were registered, of which the highest percentage are permanent resident species (64.16 %). Of the species recorded, 37 are under some risk category, and 25 species have some endemism category. 54.12 % of the species have a Neotropical affinity, 26.88 % a Nearctic one, and 19 % a Nearctic/Neotropical one. On the other hand, around 22.22 % of the registered birds have a medium to high sensitivity to disturbance, which may increase due to changes in habitats generated by human activities in the reserve’s area of influence. The community allies linked to the monitoring program contributed significantly to the field activities and the dissemination of the actions aimed at bird awareness in the reserve. The obtained data allow the updating of information in the management program of the natural protected area, which will favor the birds’ conservation in the zone.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42665682","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1445
Patricia Cruz-Bautista, J. Martínez-Dávila, Tania Gómez-Hernández, Lorena Casanova-Pérez
La riqueza de especies existentes en el patio familiar es el resultado de la coincidencia de procesos sociales, economicos, culturales y ambientales, que suceden mas alla de sus limites fisicos. Una teoria aun vigente para comprender estos factores externos es la teoria de polos de desarrollo. El objetivo de la presente investigacion fue conocer la riqueza de especies vegetales comestibles versus ornamentales en patios familiares de 13 comunidades de Paso de Ovejas, Veracruz y la influencia que tiene en ello el polo de desarrollo mas cercano (cabecera municipal). Se aplico una encuesta consistente en 443 cuestionarios, a traves de un muestreo no probabilistico de tipo accidental. En el analisis de los datos se uso estadistica descriptiva e inferencial (componentes principales) y los indices de familiaridad (IF), valor de uso (IVU) y consenso del informante (ICF). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la riqueza de especies ornamentales versus comestibles esta relacionada con la lejania o cercania al polo de desarrollo. La influencia de este polo afecta la dinamica socioeconomica familiar, cuyos miembros, si bien evidencian un alto grado de familiaridad con las especies existentes en sus patios familiares, tambien expresan la generacion de condiciones de posibilidad para que parte de ellas (especies comestibles) puedan ser progresivamente abandonadas en su uso y manejo, como sucede en una comunidad de la ruta 3. Se concluye que, en la determinacion de la riqueza de especies del patio familiar interviene el polo de desarrollo, como un factor exogeno, el cual trastoca la dinamica familiar en las comunidades que lo circundan. Dicha informacion se considera relevante para los tomadores de decisiones en el diseno de estrategias de fortalecimiento de este agroecosistema tradicional.
{"title":"Riqueza vegetal en patios familiares del trópico mexicano: hallazgos desde la teoría de polos de desarrollo","authors":"Patricia Cruz-Bautista, J. Martínez-Dávila, Tania Gómez-Hernández, Lorena Casanova-Pérez","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1445","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1445","url":null,"abstract":"La riqueza de especies existentes en el patio familiar es el resultado de la coincidencia de procesos sociales, economicos, culturales y ambientales, que suceden mas alla de sus limites fisicos. Una teoria aun vigente para comprender estos factores externos es la teoria de polos de desarrollo. El objetivo de la presente investigacion fue conocer la riqueza de especies vegetales comestibles versus ornamentales en patios familiares de 13 comunidades de Paso de Ovejas, Veracruz y la influencia que tiene en ello el polo de desarrollo mas cercano (cabecera municipal). Se aplico una encuesta consistente en 443 cuestionarios, a traves de un muestreo no probabilistico de tipo accidental. En el analisis de los datos se uso estadistica descriptiva e inferencial (componentes principales) y los indices de familiaridad (IF), valor de uso (IVU) y consenso del informante (ICF). Los resultados obtenidos sugieren que la riqueza de especies ornamentales versus comestibles esta relacionada con la lejania o cercania al polo de desarrollo. La influencia de este polo afecta la dinamica socioeconomica familiar, cuyos miembros, si bien evidencian un alto grado de familiaridad con las especies existentes en sus patios familiares, tambien expresan la generacion de condiciones de posibilidad para que parte de ellas (especies comestibles) puedan ser progresivamente abandonadas en su uso y manejo, como sucede en una comunidad de la ruta 3. Se concluye que, en la determinacion de la riqueza de especies del patio familiar interviene el polo de desarrollo, como un factor exogeno, el cual trastoca la dinamica familiar en las comunidades que lo circundan. Dicha informacion se considera relevante para los tomadores de decisiones en el diseno de estrategias de fortalecimiento de este agroecosistema tradicional.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42027020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1369
J. Silva-Treviño, Bárbara A. Macías-Hernández, Edgar Tello-Leal, Jesús Gerardo Delgado-Rivas
Service quality is considered an alternative for companies to obtain a competitive and sustainable advantage in a globalized economic environment. Small and medium-sized enterprises must offer a higher quality of service than large companies, and thus obtain customer preference. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between service quality variable and the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty variables. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used, and a statistical method based on exploratory factor analysis, aiming to extract the maximum variance of the data set within each factor. The results allowed observing a highly significant, positive, and strong correlation, with values of r = 0.820 and r = 0.803, between the variables of service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. An important finding was the association between the tangible aspects dimension with the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty variables, with values of r = 0.910 and r = 0.919, respectively. On the other hand, in the factor analysis, through the explained total variance, it was observed that the eigenvalue is greater than 1 in the first five cases, where the percentage of the variance reaches a maximum value of 54.886 % in its first factor. Then, with five factors, 73.713 % of the variance of all the original data is explained. The study presented the limitation of its application in only one company. It was confirmed that, through better customer care and service, service quality constitutes an excellent tool for the profitability and sustainability of the organization.
{"title":"La relación entre la calidad en el servicio, satisfacción del cliente y lealtad del cliente: un estudio de caso de una empresa comercial en México","authors":"J. Silva-Treviño, Bárbara A. Macías-Hernández, Edgar Tello-Leal, Jesús Gerardo Delgado-Rivas","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1369","url":null,"abstract":"Service quality is considered an alternative for companies to obtain a competitive and sustainable advantage in a globalized economic environment. Small and medium-sized enterprises must offer a higher quality of service than large companies, and thus obtain customer preference. The objective of this study was to identify the relationship between service quality variable and the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty variables. Spearman’s correlation coefficient was used, and a statistical method based on exploratory factor analysis, aiming to extract the maximum variance of the data set within each factor. The results allowed observing a highly significant, positive, and strong correlation, with values of r = 0.820 and r = 0.803, between the variables of service quality, customer satisfaction, and customer loyalty. An important finding was the association between the tangible aspects dimension with the customer satisfaction and customer loyalty variables, with values of r = 0.910 and r = 0.919, respectively. On the other hand, in the factor analysis, through the explained total variance, it was observed that the eigenvalue is greater than 1 in the first five cases, where the percentage of the variance reaches a maximum value of 54.886 % in its first factor. Then, with five factors, 73.713 % of the variance of all the original data is explained. The study presented the limitation of its application in only one company. It was confirmed that, through better customer care and service, service quality constitutes an excellent tool for the profitability and sustainability of the organization.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46004662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1459
Karla Mariby Treto-Alemán, J. Torres-Castillo, A. R. Contreras-Toledo, Yolanda del Rocio Moreno-Ramírez
Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum presents local adaptations to different anthropocentric and ecological dynamics. Therefore, expanding its food uses based on its antioxidant potential will contribute to knowledge about ways to strengthen value chains, enhance their use and encourage the consumption of local wild edible plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of commercial edible safflower oil supplemented with piquin chili by determining the content of phenolic compounds and by assays of free radical scavenging in ABTS+ and DPPH·. The evaluation included: 1) the piquin chili sample through two extraction solvents and 2) the supplemented and unsupplemented oil at 0 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d after preparation (DPP). The piquin chili presented high antioxidant values. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the aqueous extract surpassed the hydroalcoholic extract. The factorial ANOVA showed significant differences in the three antioxidant parameters evaluated. These dissimilarities were associated with supplementation, time (DPP) and the combination of supplementation and DPP. Safflower oil supplementation with C. annuum var. glabriusculum enriched 66 % more its antioxidant value. The comparison of means showed significant differences in the combination of treatments and DPP. The combination of supplemented oil and DPP showed variability in total polyphenol data and ability against ABTS +. An inverse relationship was observed between DPP and total phenolic compounds, and capacity against ABTS +, contrary to the test for DPPH·. The results obtained validate the argument that the addition of piquin chili increases the biofunctionality of safflower oil and can be an alternative source of natural antioxidants.
{"title":"Enriquecimiento del aceite comestible por compuestos fenólicos y antioxidantes de chile piquín (Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum)","authors":"Karla Mariby Treto-Alemán, J. Torres-Castillo, A. R. Contreras-Toledo, Yolanda del Rocio Moreno-Ramírez","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1459","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1459","url":null,"abstract":"Capsicum annuum var. glabriusculum presents local adaptations to different anthropocentric and ecological dynamics. Therefore, expanding its food uses based on its antioxidant potential will contribute to knowledge about ways to strengthen value chains, enhance their use and encourage the consumption of local wild edible plants. The aim of this work was to evaluate the antioxidant capacity of commercial edible safflower oil supplemented with piquin chili by determining the content of phenolic compounds and by assays of free radical scavenging in ABTS+ and DPPH·. The evaluation included: 1) the piquin chili sample through two extraction solvents and 2) the supplemented and unsupplemented oil at 0 d, 7 d, 14 d, 21 d and 28 d after preparation (DPP). The piquin chili presented high antioxidant values. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the aqueous extract surpassed the hydroalcoholic extract. The factorial ANOVA showed significant differences in the three antioxidant parameters evaluated. These dissimilarities were associated with supplementation, time (DPP) and the combination of supplementation and DPP. Safflower oil supplementation with C. annuum var. glabriusculum enriched 66 % more its antioxidant value. The comparison of means showed significant differences in the combination of treatments and DPP. The combination of supplemented oil and DPP showed variability in total polyphenol data and ability against ABTS +. An inverse relationship was observed between DPP and total phenolic compounds, and capacity against ABTS +, contrary to the test for DPPH·. The results obtained validate the argument that the addition of piquin chili increases the biofunctionality of safflower oil and can be an alternative source of natural antioxidants.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46103892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-30DOI: 10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1427
Karla Maria Nava-Aguirre
The renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement between Mexico, the United States and Canada began as a protectionist measure of United States in 2017. The importance of this agreement involved the active participation of the Mexican private sector through the “Side Room” a mechanism that functions as a consulting body for negotiation of international agreements. The automotive industry was a sensitive issue due to the integration level of the supply chains and their impact for the North American region. The objective of this research was to analyze the collaboration of the private sector automotive industry in the public consultation processes of the Mexican government for the definition of Mexico’s trade policy during the North American Free Trade Agreement renegotiation period. This is a qualitative research with a descriptive-exploratory scope. Nine semi-structured interviews were carried out with representatives of the Mexican government, experts, or active members of the “Side Room”. The “Side Room” consulting mechanism allowed the Mexican Government to align most of the private sector interests to the country’s trade policy. Although the agreements reached regarding the rules of origin, and the increment on the regional value content of auto parts may require greater participation from the North American macro region, they allow new opportunities for the development of the domestic industry in Mexico. The experience of the Mexican private sector, the negotiation skills and interaction through the “Side Room” and above all, the intense lobbying in the with the private sector, legislators, and governors before and during renegotiation, had a positive impact for the Mexican government in order to satisfactorily conclude the negotiations. The transparency of the public-private consulting process consolidated alliances inside and outside Mexico, albeit with complex challenges.
{"title":"La colaboración del sector privado en la renegociación del Tratado de Libre Comercio de América del Norte. Análisis de la industria automotriz Mexicana","authors":"Karla Maria Nava-Aguirre","doi":"10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29059/CIENCIAUAT.V15I2.1427","url":null,"abstract":"The renegotiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement between Mexico, the United States and Canada began as a protectionist measure of United States in 2017. The importance of this agreement involved the active participation of the Mexican private sector through the “Side Room” a mechanism that functions as a consulting body for negotiation of international agreements. The automotive industry was a sensitive issue due to the integration level of the supply chains and their impact for the North American region. The objective of this research was to analyze the collaboration of the private sector automotive industry in the public consultation processes of the Mexican government for the definition of Mexico’s trade policy during the North American Free Trade Agreement renegotiation period. This is a qualitative research with a descriptive-exploratory scope. Nine semi-structured interviews were carried out with representatives of the Mexican government, experts, or active members of the “Side Room”. The “Side Room” consulting mechanism allowed the Mexican Government to align most of the private sector interests to the country’s trade policy. Although the agreements reached regarding the rules of origin, and the increment on the regional value content of auto parts may require greater participation from the North American macro region, they allow new opportunities for the development of the domestic industry in Mexico. The experience of the Mexican private sector, the negotiation skills and interaction through the “Side Room” and above all, the intense lobbying in the with the private sector, legislators, and governors before and during renegotiation, had a positive impact for the Mexican government in order to satisfactorily conclude the negotiations. The transparency of the public-private consulting process consolidated alliances inside and outside Mexico, albeit with complex challenges.","PeriodicalId":42451,"journal":{"name":"CienciaUat","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44150381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：