INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory dermatosis associated with an impaired skin barrier function.[1] Itching is a hallmark of AD to the extent that the disease has been described as an “itch that rashes.” Chronic pruritus not only affects the patients’ psychological well-being and quality of life but also injures epithelial keratinocytes promoting the release of inflammatory alarmins that activate Th2 cells to release inflammatory and pruritogenic cytokines that augment skin inflammation and pruritus.[2] Controlling AD-related itch is, therefore, considered to be a cornerstone in the management of AD.[3] AD pruritus is believed to be mediated by the action of nonhistaminergic pathways and, thereby, does not respond to conventional antihistamines. Pruritogens including keratinocyte‐derived products, mast cell factors, environmental allergens, pathogen‐derived molecules, and inflammatory cytokines act on pruritogenic receptors.[2] Immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of AD such as T-helper cell 2 (Th2) lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells activate the pruriceptive pathways through the release of cytokines and neurogenic peptides. The AD‐associated interleukin (IL)‐31 “itch cytokine” stimulates itch by activation of the receptors on pruriceptive neurons. IL‐4 further sensitizes pruriceptive‐sensory neurons to direct pruritogens as IL‐31.[2] IL‐31 also binds to its receptor IL‐31RA on keratinocytes maintaining the chronicity of inflammation and atopic itch.[2] Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a calcineurin inhibitor that acts primarily on T cells to inhibit signal transduction mediated by T-cell receptor activation.[4] It is a commonly used drug for systemic treatment of moderate-to-severe AD unresponsive to topical therapy and oral antihistamines.[5] Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines through the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. PDE4 activity was reported to be increased in the inflammatory cells of patients with AD leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Inhibition of PDE4 will, therefore, lead to the reduction of the production of proinflammatory mediators in AD.[6] Apremilast is a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) that is better tolerated, with a more favorable safety profile than cyclosporine.[7] The most commonly reported side effects of apremilast are mild as diarrhea, nausea, upper respiratory infection, and headache with no known end-organ damage.[8] It has been approved by The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Apremilast has demonstrated a potential as a treatment option for AD.[6,9] In the current study, we compared the potential antipruritic effects of cyclosporine and apremilast in an experimental chronic AD mouse model induced by oxazolone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animal care measures and experimental procedures were all cond
{"title":"Low-dose apremilast versus low-dose cyclosporine: Antipruritic efficacy and reversal of epidermal pathology in a mouse model of atopic dermatitis","authors":"SalmaS Omar, ImanM Abdelmeniem, EmanM ElEryan, EmanA Allam, WalaaN Roushdy, DinaR Nasser","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_26_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_26_23","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic pruritic inflammatory dermatosis associated with an impaired skin barrier function.[1] Itching is a hallmark of AD to the extent that the disease has been described as an “itch that rashes.” Chronic pruritus not only affects the patients’ psychological well-being and quality of life but also injures epithelial keratinocytes promoting the release of inflammatory alarmins that activate Th2 cells to release inflammatory and pruritogenic cytokines that augment skin inflammation and pruritus.[2] Controlling AD-related itch is, therefore, considered to be a cornerstone in the management of AD.[3] AD pruritus is believed to be mediated by the action of nonhistaminergic pathways and, thereby, does not respond to conventional antihistamines. Pruritogens including keratinocyte‐derived products, mast cell factors, environmental allergens, pathogen‐derived molecules, and inflammatory cytokines act on pruritogenic receptors.[2] Immune cells involved in the pathogenesis of AD such as T-helper cell 2 (Th2) lymphocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, and mast cells activate the pruriceptive pathways through the release of cytokines and neurogenic peptides. The AD‐associated interleukin (IL)‐31 “itch cytokine” stimulates itch by activation of the receptors on pruriceptive neurons. IL‐4 further sensitizes pruriceptive‐sensory neurons to direct pruritogens as IL‐31.[2] IL‐31 also binds to its receptor IL‐31RA on keratinocytes maintaining the chronicity of inflammation and atopic itch.[2] Cyclosporine A (CsA) is a calcineurin inhibitor that acts primarily on T cells to inhibit signal transduction mediated by T-cell receptor activation.[4] It is a commonly used drug for systemic treatment of moderate-to-severe AD unresponsive to topical therapy and oral antihistamines.[5] Phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4) is involved in the regulation of proinflammatory cytokines through the degradation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate. PDE4 activity was reported to be increased in the inflammatory cells of patients with AD leading to increased production of proinflammatory cytokines and chemokines. Inhibition of PDE4 will, therefore, lead to the reduction of the production of proinflammatory mediators in AD.[6] Apremilast is a PDE4 inhibitor (PDE4I) that is better tolerated, with a more favorable safety profile than cyclosporine.[7] The most commonly reported side effects of apremilast are mild as diarrhea, nausea, upper respiratory infection, and headache with no known end-organ damage.[8] It has been approved by The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of plaque psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Apremilast has demonstrated a potential as a treatment option for AD.[6,9] In the current study, we compared the potential antipruritic effects of cyclosporine and apremilast in an experimental chronic AD mouse model induced by oxazolone. MATERIALS AND METHODS Animal care measures and experimental procedures were all cond","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749570","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous lymphoma, accounting for 50% of all cutaneous lymphomas.[1] It has been also shown that MF patients have an increased risk of developing other malignancies, such as lymphomatoid papulosis (LYP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL), Hodgkin’s lymphomas, or nonlymphoid neoplasia.[2] The neoplastic lymphocytes of MF usually show a T-helper phenotype. Immunohistochemical studies are robust and helpful in demonstrating this. CD3, CD4, and CD8 could be the antibodies to start with. The CD4/CD8 ratio should be evaluated at the level of the epidermis and dermis. The normal ratio of CD4/CD8 is usually between 2:1 and 4:1, and a ratio of more than 10:1 is considered abnormal. The CD4/CD8 ratio should always be evaluated with CD3 because the background of Langerhans cells and macrophages can cause CD4 overexpression.[3] Rarely in early MF, an aberrant CD4+/CD8+ or CD4−/CD8− phenotype can be seen.[4,5] Double-negative cases can be positive with programmed death-1 (PD-1).[6] The earlier algorithms proposed a loss of more than 90% for CD7 and more than 50% for CD2, CD3, or CD5, to be considered abnormal. The detection of a high CD4/CD8 ratio and a low (generally <25%) CD8/CD3 ratio is critical in an appropriate clinicopathological setting for MF.[7] We have investigated the effectiveness of CD3, CD4, and CD8 ratios in the diagnosis of early stages of MF, by applying to naïve and early lesion biopsies. This way strengthening the database of the study was also aimed. PD-1 (CD279), a membrane molecule, one of the B7 family receptors, is expressed from germinal center-related T cells in normal or reactive lymphoid tissues.[8] Its role as an inhibitory factor makes us consider it creates an immune-free environment and encourages the progression of the neoplastic cells.[9] Although the reported results of PD-1 in MF are conflicting, studies have accelerated with the widespread use of anti-PD-1 agents (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, etc.) in other malignancies.[8,10-12] CD30 is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein molecule and is a member of the tissue necrosis factor superfamily. About 30% of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are CD30+ and have a broad spectrum from LYP to PCALCL.[6] CD30 expression in MF is important for three main reasons: diagnostic purposes, prognostic value, and a therapeutic perspective. The percentage of CD30+ cells rarely reaches the 75% cutoff value necessary for the diagnosis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.[7] Negativity for CD30 has been related to a poor prognosis in transformed MF. Brentuximab vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody, has been a treatment alternative in recent years.[13-15] In an international, open-label, randomized, phase 3, multicenter trial by the ALCANZA study group and others is one of the major trials for anti-CD30 treatment in PCTCL. In the MF group, more than 50% of the patients have an objective response.[16] In this stu
{"title":"CD30 and PD-1 in mycosis fungoides","authors":"MehmetA Inan, Betul Ogut, MehmetA Gurer, Ozlem Erdem","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_5_23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_5_23","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Mycosis fungoides (MF) is the most common cutaneous lymphoma, accounting for 50% of all cutaneous lymphomas.[1] It has been also shown that MF patients have an increased risk of developing other malignancies, such as lymphomatoid papulosis (LYP), primary cutaneous anaplastic large cell lymphoma (PCALCL), Hodgkin’s lymphomas, or nonlymphoid neoplasia.[2] The neoplastic lymphocytes of MF usually show a T-helper phenotype. Immunohistochemical studies are robust and helpful in demonstrating this. CD3, CD4, and CD8 could be the antibodies to start with. The CD4/CD8 ratio should be evaluated at the level of the epidermis and dermis. The normal ratio of CD4/CD8 is usually between 2:1 and 4:1, and a ratio of more than 10:1 is considered abnormal. The CD4/CD8 ratio should always be evaluated with CD3 because the background of Langerhans cells and macrophages can cause CD4 overexpression.[3] Rarely in early MF, an aberrant CD4+/CD8+ or CD4−/CD8− phenotype can be seen.[4,5] Double-negative cases can be positive with programmed death-1 (PD-1).[6] The earlier algorithms proposed a loss of more than 90% for CD7 and more than 50% for CD2, CD3, or CD5, to be considered abnormal. The detection of a high CD4/CD8 ratio and a low (generally <25%) CD8/CD3 ratio is critical in an appropriate clinicopathological setting for MF.[7] We have investigated the effectiveness of CD3, CD4, and CD8 ratios in the diagnosis of early stages of MF, by applying to naïve and early lesion biopsies. This way strengthening the database of the study was also aimed. PD-1 (CD279), a membrane molecule, one of the B7 family receptors, is expressed from germinal center-related T cells in normal or reactive lymphoid tissues.[8] Its role as an inhibitory factor makes us consider it creates an immune-free environment and encourages the progression of the neoplastic cells.[9] Although the reported results of PD-1 in MF are conflicting, studies have accelerated with the widespread use of anti-PD-1 agents (nivolumab, pembrolizumab, etc.) in other malignancies.[8,10-12] CD30 is a type 1 transmembrane glycoprotein molecule and is a member of the tissue necrosis factor superfamily. About 30% of primary cutaneous T-cell lymphomas are CD30+ and have a broad spectrum from LYP to PCALCL.[6] CD30 expression in MF is important for three main reasons: diagnostic purposes, prognostic value, and a therapeutic perspective. The percentage of CD30+ cells rarely reaches the 75% cutoff value necessary for the diagnosis of anaplastic large cell lymphoma.[7] Negativity for CD30 has been related to a poor prognosis in transformed MF. Brentuximab vedotin (BV), an anti-CD30 monoclonal antibody, has been a treatment alternative in recent years.[13-15] In an international, open-label, randomized, phase 3, multicenter trial by the ALCANZA study group and others is one of the major trials for anti-CD30 treatment in PCTCL. In the MF group, more than 50% of the patients have an objective response.[16] In this stu","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"104 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zeynep Olcer, Ayse Cal, Nursemin Unal, Bediye Oztas, Gunay Oge
INTRODUCTION Cosmetics are the products one can apply on the body (e.g., skin, nails, body hair, hair, lips, genitalia, teeth, and mouth) to clean the given area, improve one’s smell and appearance, and keep oneself in good condition.[1,2] They include personal care, hair care, oral care, makeup, and nail care products as well as moisturizers, fragrances, depilatories, and sunscreens.[1-3] Today, there are a great number of cosmetic products of different qualities manufactured by various companies.[3] These products contain more than 10,000 ingredients that may cause many diseases.[3-5] These products may cause both acute and long-term side effects.[6] Most of the cosmetics are applied directly to the skin; therefore, dermal exposure is the most critical pathway for the emergence of their potential harmful effects. Also, the use of cosmetics around the mouth or hand-to-mouth contact may lead to oral exposure.[3] Product exposure can cause mild or severe allergic reactions, some skin problems (e.g., acne, contact dermatitis, and urticarial), hormone disorders, eye, skin, and respiratory irritation, neurotoxicity, cancer, congenital abnormalities, developmental and reproductive disorders, and infertility.[1-8] Due to the potential adverse effects of cosmetics on human health, it can be asserted that their use is one of the healthy lifestyle behaviors. University students commonly use these products.[9-11] A study conducted with students attending the faculty of health sciences reported that they used cosmetic products at a rate of 91%.[12] Another study conducted with female students reported this rate as 97.8%.[13] Young people use these products mainly to feel beautiful and boost their self-confidence.[11] Health promotion and maintenance are closely associated with not only preventing diseases but also gaining healthy lifestyle behaviors. Healthy lifestyles are defined as managing the behaviors that affect a person’s health and choosing behaviors that are appropriate for their own health status while organizing daily activities. People need to be aware of the benefits of changing their lifestyles if they want to maintain their health and ward off illnesses. The health awareness of individuals can play a significant role in giving up their unhealthy behaviors and developing conscious behaviors.[14] The aim of this study was to examine the use of cosmetic products and the awareness of healthy life among university students. The number of similar studies on cosmetic products and awareness of healthy life is limited; therefore, this study is original as it would both contribute to the literature and be guiding for future studies. Research questions What are the characteristics of students using cosmetic products? What is the awareness level of students about healthy life? Do students’ awareness levels of healthy life vary based on gender and how they use cosmetic products? MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted based on descriptive and cross-
{"title":"Examining the use of cosmetic products and the awareness of healthy life among University students","authors":"Zeynep Olcer, Ayse Cal, Nursemin Unal, Bediye Oztas, Gunay Oge","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_136_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_136_22","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION Cosmetics are the products one can apply on the body (e.g., skin, nails, body hair, hair, lips, genitalia, teeth, and mouth) to clean the given area, improve one’s smell and appearance, and keep oneself in good condition.[1,2] They include personal care, hair care, oral care, makeup, and nail care products as well as moisturizers, fragrances, depilatories, and sunscreens.[1-3] Today, there are a great number of cosmetic products of different qualities manufactured by various companies.[3] These products contain more than 10,000 ingredients that may cause many diseases.[3-5] These products may cause both acute and long-term side effects.[6] Most of the cosmetics are applied directly to the skin; therefore, dermal exposure is the most critical pathway for the emergence of their potential harmful effects. Also, the use of cosmetics around the mouth or hand-to-mouth contact may lead to oral exposure.[3] Product exposure can cause mild or severe allergic reactions, some skin problems (e.g., acne, contact dermatitis, and urticarial), hormone disorders, eye, skin, and respiratory irritation, neurotoxicity, cancer, congenital abnormalities, developmental and reproductive disorders, and infertility.[1-8] Due to the potential adverse effects of cosmetics on human health, it can be asserted that their use is one of the healthy lifestyle behaviors. University students commonly use these products.[9-11] A study conducted with students attending the faculty of health sciences reported that they used cosmetic products at a rate of 91%.[12] Another study conducted with female students reported this rate as 97.8%.[13] Young people use these products mainly to feel beautiful and boost their self-confidence.[11] Health promotion and maintenance are closely associated with not only preventing diseases but also gaining healthy lifestyle behaviors. Healthy lifestyles are defined as managing the behaviors that affect a person’s health and choosing behaviors that are appropriate for their own health status while organizing daily activities. People need to be aware of the benefits of changing their lifestyles if they want to maintain their health and ward off illnesses. The health awareness of individuals can play a significant role in giving up their unhealthy behaviors and developing conscious behaviors.[14] The aim of this study was to examine the use of cosmetic products and the awareness of healthy life among university students. The number of similar studies on cosmetic products and awareness of healthy life is limited; therefore, this study is original as it would both contribute to the literature and be guiding for future studies. Research questions What are the characteristics of students using cosmetic products? What is the awareness level of students about healthy life? Do students’ awareness levels of healthy life vary based on gender and how they use cosmetic products? MATERIALS AND METHODS The study was conducted based on descriptive and cross-","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135749588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nurhan Aktaş, Türkan Güray, A. Alyanak, Basak Bagci
Background: The World Health Organization has defined the COVID-19 infection as a pandemic. Anxiety and depression are emphasized to increase with the pandemic. Aims: The current study aimed to identify anxiety, depression, and COVID-19 anxiety of patients who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic and the effects of hospital environment on them during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was applied, including questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, the state of being hesitant about transmission of COVID-19 infection in hospital, pandemic-associated attitudes in hospital, persons and hospital sites thought to be risky for transmission of the infection, opinion about tele-dermatology, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI1, STAI2), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scales (CAS). The diagnoses of skin disorders were recorded after examinations. Results: The study included 458 patients (60.7% females, the mean age was 31.8 years) who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic in March 2021. Of patients, 64.7% rated their hesitancy as moderate and higher about the transmission of the COVID-19 infection in hospital. With the STAI1 scale, the rate of moderate and severe anxiety was 47.6%; with the HADS, the rate of anxiety was 26.6%; with the HADS, the rate of depression was 37.3%; and with the CAS, the rate of anxiety due to COVID-19 was 3.9%. Conclusion: Dermatology patients should be evaluated to be adversely affected at least as much as the other members of the society. Patients found the hospital environment risky in terms of the transmission of COVID-19 infection, creating an additional stress factor.
{"title":"Anxiety, depression, COVID-19 anxiety, and the effects of hospital environment on patients presenting to dermatology outpatient clinic during the pandemic","authors":"Nurhan Aktaş, Türkan Güray, A. Alyanak, Basak Bagci","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_36_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_36_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The World Health Organization has defined the COVID-19 infection as a pandemic. Anxiety and depression are emphasized to increase with the pandemic. Aims: The current study aimed to identify anxiety, depression, and COVID-19 anxiety of patients who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic and the effects of hospital environment on them during the pandemic. Materials and Methods: A questionnaire was applied, including questions about the sociodemographic characteristics, the state of being hesitant about transmission of COVID-19 infection in hospital, pandemic-associated attitudes in hospital, persons and hospital sites thought to be risky for transmission of the infection, opinion about tele-dermatology, State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI1, STAI2), Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), and the COVID-19 Anxiety Scales (CAS). The diagnoses of skin disorders were recorded after examinations. Results: The study included 458 patients (60.7% females, the mean age was 31.8 years) who presented to the dermatology outpatient clinic in March 2021. Of patients, 64.7% rated their hesitancy as moderate and higher about the transmission of the COVID-19 infection in hospital. With the STAI1 scale, the rate of moderate and severe anxiety was 47.6%; with the HADS, the rate of anxiety was 26.6%; with the HADS, the rate of depression was 37.3%; and with the CAS, the rate of anxiety due to COVID-19 was 3.9%. Conclusion: Dermatology patients should be evaluated to be adversely affected at least as much as the other members of the society. Patients found the hospital environment risky in terms of the transmission of COVID-19 infection, creating an additional stress factor.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"49 1","pages":"103 - 107"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91013195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common type of alopecia characterized by the shortening of the anagen phase of hair growth and the miniaturization of hair follicles. TGF-β is a well-known hair cycle catagen phase inducer and is involved in the catagen phase in AGA. Inhibition of TGF-β is recognized as a therapeutic option in the treatment of AGA. Procyanidins are a type of polyphenol that has been shown to inhibit TGF-β activity in vivo, but there haven’t been many studies on their effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical procyanidin B2 in the treatment of male AGA. Materials and Methods: Patients aged between 18 and 50 years who applied to our dermatology outpatient clinic with the complaint of AGA and had Hamilton-Norwood type II-V AGA were included in our study. Those who had received 5-reductase inhibitor or isotretinoin treatment in the previous year, those who had used any medicinal or herbal product that stimulated hair growth, particularly topical minoxidil, in the previous six months, those who had used systemic steroids for more than two weeks in the previous three months, those who had undergone a transplant or scalp reduction, and those who had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy at any point in their lives were excluded from the study. A total of 40 patients who met the current criteria were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups to receive 16 weeks of topical procyanidin B2 (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) therapy. At the end of the treatment, the patients were called for control. The efficacy of topical procyanidin B2 after treatment was evaluated by trichoscan and global photographic evaluation. Results: A total of 40 male patients (mean: 33.32, range: 21–44) with AGA type II-IV were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, duration of hair loss, and AGA type (P > 0.05). At the end of the study, there was a significant increase in total hair count in the topical procyanidin B2 group compared to the placebo group compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Anagen hair count was also significantly increased in the topical procyanidin B2 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In this placebo-controlled study, we think that topical procyanidin B2 is an effective and safe treatment option in the treatment of AGA patients.
{"title":"Evaluation of the efficacy and safety of topical procyanidin b2 and placebo in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia in men; A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study","authors":"Y. Yeniay, E. Arca","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_41_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_41_22","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: Androgenetic alopecia (AGA) is a common type of alopecia characterized by the shortening of the anagen phase of hair growth and the miniaturization of hair follicles. TGF-β is a well-known hair cycle catagen phase inducer and is involved in the catagen phase in AGA. Inhibition of TGF-β is recognized as a therapeutic option in the treatment of AGA. Procyanidins are a type of polyphenol that has been shown to inhibit TGF-β activity in vivo, but there haven’t been many studies on their effectiveness. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of topical procyanidin B2 in the treatment of male AGA. Materials and Methods: Patients aged between 18 and 50 years who applied to our dermatology outpatient clinic with the complaint of AGA and had Hamilton-Norwood type II-V AGA were included in our study. Those who had received 5-reductase inhibitor or isotretinoin treatment in the previous year, those who had used any medicinal or herbal product that stimulated hair growth, particularly topical minoxidil, in the previous six months, those who had used systemic steroids for more than two weeks in the previous three months, those who had undergone a transplant or scalp reduction, and those who had received radiotherapy or chemotherapy at any point in their lives were excluded from the study. A total of 40 patients who met the current criteria were included in the study. Patients were randomized into two groups to receive 16 weeks of topical procyanidin B2 (n = 20) or placebo (n = 20) therapy. At the end of the treatment, the patients were called for control. The efficacy of topical procyanidin B2 after treatment was evaluated by trichoscan and global photographic evaluation. Results: A total of 40 male patients (mean: 33.32, range: 21–44) with AGA type II-IV were included in the study. There was no significant difference between the two groups in terms of age, duration of hair loss, and AGA type (P > 0.05). At the end of the study, there was a significant increase in total hair count in the topical procyanidin B2 group compared to the placebo group compared to baseline (P < 0.05). Anagen hair count was also significantly increased in the topical procyanidin B2 group (P < 0.05). Conclusion: In this placebo-controlled study, we think that topical procyanidin B2 is an effective and safe treatment option in the treatment of AGA patients.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"57 1","pages":"108 - 114"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74354347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Dermoscopy of pseudoxanthoma elasticum","authors":"B. Supekar, P. Rokade, J. Mukhi","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_44_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_44_22","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"20 1","pages":"131 - 134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77824676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Guler, B. Ozkan, Nazan Yılmaz, Fatma Ozgen, Nazan Taşlıdere, S. Aktaş, Ozlem Su Kucuk
Background: Rosacea is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease and characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasias, papules, and pustules. The disease is more common in women than in men while affecting 2%–10% of the population. Though the pathogenesis of rosacea is not fully understood, oxidative stress is one of the asserted pathogenic factors. In this study, we purposed to assess the oxidative stress and thiol–disulfide homeostasis (TDH) in rosacea disease. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with rosacea and 40 healthy people as a control group, both in ages of 18–70 years, with the same demographic characteristics were included, who were applied to the Istanbul Training and Research Hospital Dermatology Clinic. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), total thiol (TT), and native thiol (NT) levels were evaluated by using the automated and spectrophotometric method according to Erel and Neselioglu. Oxidative stress index (OSI), disulfide (DIS) levels, and NT/TT, DIS/TT and DIS/NT percentages were calculated mathematically. Results: TAS, TT, and NT levels were decreased in rosacea patients compared with the healthy group, whereas TOS, OSI, and DIS levels were increased. Additionally, although DIS/TT and DIS/NT percentages were higher in patients, NT/TT ratio was lower than the healthy group, and these findings were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that oxidative stress levels were increased in rosacea patients and TDH shifted toward DIS formation. It has been thought that oxidative stress is a parameter that may be utilized in the clinical evaluation of the disease.
{"title":"Increased oxidative stress and imbalance dynamic thiol–disulfide homeostasis in Rosacea","authors":"E. Guler, B. Ozkan, Nazan Yılmaz, Fatma Ozgen, Nazan Taşlıdere, S. Aktaş, Ozlem Su Kucuk","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_96_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_96_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Rosacea is a chronic progressive inflammatory disease and characterized by facial erythema, telangiectasias, papules, and pustules. The disease is more common in women than in men while affecting 2%–10% of the population. Though the pathogenesis of rosacea is not fully understood, oxidative stress is one of the asserted pathogenic factors. In this study, we purposed to assess the oxidative stress and thiol–disulfide homeostasis (TDH) in rosacea disease. Materials and Methods: Forty patients with rosacea and 40 healthy people as a control group, both in ages of 18–70 years, with the same demographic characteristics were included, who were applied to the Istanbul Training and Research Hospital Dermatology Clinic. Serum total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS), total thiol (TT), and native thiol (NT) levels were evaluated by using the automated and spectrophotometric method according to Erel and Neselioglu. Oxidative stress index (OSI), disulfide (DIS) levels, and NT/TT, DIS/TT and DIS/NT percentages were calculated mathematically. Results: TAS, TT, and NT levels were decreased in rosacea patients compared with the healthy group, whereas TOS, OSI, and DIS levels were increased. Additionally, although DIS/TT and DIS/NT percentages were higher in patients, NT/TT ratio was lower than the healthy group, and these findings were statistically significant (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The results showed that oxidative stress levels were increased in rosacea patients and TDH shifted toward DIS formation. It has been thought that oxidative stress is a parameter that may be utilized in the clinical evaluation of the disease.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"44 1","pages":"120 - 124"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84895792","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a local aggressive tumor, which almost never metastasizes. In this study, we investigated the results of our BCC cases in the last 9 years. Objective: The aim of this study was to better understand the re-excision requirements in positive surgical margin BCC cases. Methods: Seven hundred fourteen patients operated between 2012 and 2021 were included in the study. Localization, subtype, and re-excision results were investigated. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The mean patient age was 66.9 years (range = 17–98 years). The most common localization for BCC was nasal region (n = 235), and the most common histopathological subtype was nodular (n = 298). Seventy-eight patients had positive margins following the excision. Thirty-eight re-excisions were performed. Thirty-one re-excisions revealed scar without any residue tumor. None of the 78 cases with positive surgical margin returned with a relapse. Conclusion: We evaluated the reliability and efficiency of our excision limits with the pathological evaluation. We achieved significantly high cure rates, even by reducing our excision margins up to 1 mm in critical anatomical structures.
{"title":"Requirement of re-excision in surgical margin positive basal cell carcinoma cases without macroscopic residual lesions (our experience of 714 cases and a review of the literature)","authors":"Dinçer Altınel, G. Toplu, M. Serin","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_45_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_45_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is a local aggressive tumor, which almost never metastasizes. In this study, we investigated the results of our BCC cases in the last 9 years. Objective: The aim of this study was to better understand the re-excision requirements in positive surgical margin BCC cases. Methods: Seven hundred fourteen patients operated between 2012 and 2021 were included in the study. Localization, subtype, and re-excision results were investigated. Statistical Analysis Used: Descriptive analysis was performed. Results: The mean patient age was 66.9 years (range = 17–98 years). The most common localization for BCC was nasal region (n = 235), and the most common histopathological subtype was nodular (n = 298). Seventy-eight patients had positive margins following the excision. Thirty-eight re-excisions were performed. Thirty-one re-excisions revealed scar without any residue tumor. None of the 78 cases with positive surgical margin returned with a relapse. Conclusion: We evaluated the reliability and efficiency of our excision limits with the pathological evaluation. We achieved significantly high cure rates, even by reducing our excision margins up to 1 mm in critical anatomical structures.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"370 1","pages":"115 - 119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84923588","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: The BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence technique is a practical, standardized test, and it has been used successfully in the diagnosis of autoimmune bullous dermatosis in recent years. Objectives: The study aimed to examine the diagnostic value of the BIOCHIP to identify dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) in patients with chronic pruritus (CP). Materials and Methods: This single-center case–control study included patients who applied to a dermatology clinic between July 2020 and December 2020. The diagnosis of DH was confirmed by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test. In cases without DIF positivity, the diagnosis was established with a complete response to a long-term gluten-free diet and/or a swift response to dapsone treatment. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The diagnostic performance of the variables was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: GAF 3X (gliadin analog fusion peptide), as measured by the BIOCHIP method, had an area under the ROC curve of 0.854 (95% confidence interval: 0.688–1.000) for DH diagnosis with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values of 72.73%, 100%, 100%, and 93.62%, respectively, demonstrating an overall accuracy of 94.55%. Conclusion: DH could be determined with nearly excellent accuracy by BIOCHIP GAF 3X analysis among patients with CP. BIOCHIP-based determination of GAF 3X was found to be superior to Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA)-based determination of GAF 3X.
背景:基于BIOCHIP嵌合的间接免疫荧光技术是一种实用、标准化的检测方法，近年来已成功用于自身免疫性大疱性皮肤病的诊断。目的:探讨BIOCHIP对慢性瘙痒(CP)患者疱疹样皮炎(DH)的诊断价值。材料和方法:该单中心病例对照研究纳入了2020年7月至2020年12月期间申请皮肤科诊所的患者。直接免疫荧光(DIF)试验证实DH的诊断。在没有DIF阳性的病例中，诊断是通过对长期无麸质饮食的完全反应和/或对氨苯砜治疗的快速反应来确定的。所有分析均使用SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc.， Chicago, IL, USA)进行。采用受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线分析评价各变量的诊断效能。P值< 0.05认为有统计学意义。结果:BIOCHIP法测定的GAF 3X(麦苷类似物融合肽)诊断DH的ROC曲线下面积为0.854(95%可信区间:0.688-1.000)，敏感性、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值分别为72.73%、100%、100%和93.62%，总体准确率为94.55%。结论:BIOCHIP GAF 3X分析在CP患者中检测DH的准确性接近优秀，基于BIOCHIP的GAF 3X检测优于基于酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)的GAF 3X检测。
{"title":"Value of the BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescent technique in the diagnosis of dermatitis herpetiformis among patients with chronic pruritus","authors":"B. Bozca, D. Mutlu, S. Uzun","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_101_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_101_22","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The BIOCHIP mosaic-based indirect immunofluorescence technique is a practical, standardized test, and it has been used successfully in the diagnosis of autoimmune bullous dermatosis in recent years. Objectives: The study aimed to examine the diagnostic value of the BIOCHIP to identify dermatitis herpetiformis (DH) in patients with chronic pruritus (CP). Materials and Methods: This single-center case–control study included patients who applied to a dermatology clinic between July 2020 and December 2020. The diagnosis of DH was confirmed by direct immunofluorescence (DIF) test. In cases without DIF positivity, the diagnosis was established with a complete response to a long-term gluten-free diet and/or a swift response to dapsone treatment. All analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA). The diagnostic performance of the variables was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. P values < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Results: GAF 3X (gliadin analog fusion peptide), as measured by the BIOCHIP method, had an area under the ROC curve of 0.854 (95% confidence interval: 0.688–1.000) for DH diagnosis with sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive, and negative predictive values of 72.73%, 100%, 100%, and 93.62%, respectively, demonstrating an overall accuracy of 94.55%. Conclusion: DH could be determined with nearly excellent accuracy by BIOCHIP GAF 3X analysis among patients with CP. BIOCHIP-based determination of GAF 3X was found to be superior to Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA)-based determination of GAF 3X.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"25 1","pages":"125 - 130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83296308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Eruptive vellus hair cyst (EVHC) represents a rare developmental anomaly of vellus hair follicles. The infrequency with which it is encountered makes it a formidable diagnostic challenge. Herein, we report a case of zosteriform EVHC in a 23-year-old male who presented to our dermatology clinic with asymptomatic, brown-black colored, follicular papules for 15 years. This case highlights a unique presentation of an uncommon entity.
{"title":"Zosteriform eruptive vellus hair cyst: A rare entity with an uncommon presentation","authors":"S. Poddar, Tirthankar Gayen, G. Chatterjee","doi":"10.4103/tjd.tjd_30_22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/tjd.tjd_30_22","url":null,"abstract":"Eruptive vellus hair cyst (EVHC) represents a rare developmental anomaly of vellus hair follicles. The infrequency with which it is encountered makes it a formidable diagnostic challenge. Herein, we report a case of zosteriform EVHC in a 23-year-old male who presented to our dermatology clinic with asymptomatic, brown-black colored, follicular papules for 15 years. This case highlights a unique presentation of an uncommon entity.","PeriodicalId":42454,"journal":{"name":"Turk Dermatoloji Dergisi-Turkish Journal of Dermatology","volume":"31 1","pages":"98 - 100"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74126123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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