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Para a crítica da educação neoliberal 对新自由主义教育的批判
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8658365
Carolina Catini
Christian Laval, French sociologist and professor at the University of Paris or Nanterre La Defense (Paris X), argues that "the only real emancipatory modernity relays in the autonomy of education in relation to the power of capital". In an interview granted in January 2020, during a huge strike by workers against a pension “reform”, but also during the great mobilizations against “reforms” of high school and of the academic research in France, the author articulates the task of examining the configuration the “new capitalist school” with a policy proposal that denies the future and the “modernization” of education imprisoned by competition. As the neoliberal way of life, capitalist competition finds in educational system a fundamental support, either through the formation of subjectivity, or in the objectivity of the new configuration of “marketization” e “commodification” of education. Both naturalize a competition and create a new disposition between individuals and the State through education. Thus, in the interview with the author, we approached the relationship between the change in the State form and in the function of education that no longer aim the formation of an individual with rights, but to reduces each individual into a "capital manager of himself".
法国社会学家、巴黎大学(Nanterre La Defense)教授克里斯蒂安•拉瓦尔(Christian Laval)认为,“唯一真正的解放性现代性体现在教育相对于资本权力的自主性上”。在2020年1月的一次采访中,在工人反对养老金“改革”的大规模罢工期间,以及在法国反对高中和学术研究“改革”的大规模动员期间,作者阐明了通过否认未来和被竞争禁锢的教育“现代化”的政策建议来检查“新资本主义学校”配置的任务。作为新自由主义的生活方式,资本主义竞争在教育系统中找到了一个基本的支持,要么通过主体性的形成,要么通过教育“市场化”和“商品化”的新配置的客观性。两者都使竞争归化,并通过教育在个人和国家之间创造一种新的气质。因此,在对作者的采访中,我们探讨了国家形式的变化与教育功能之间的关系,教育不再旨在培养拥有权利的个人,而是将每个人降低为“自己的资本管理者”。
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引用次数: 3
Estágios da gestão pedagógica para o uso das tecnologias digitais 使用数字技术的教学管理实习
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8655663
Paula Patrícia Barbosa Ventura, J. A. C. Filho
This article's aim is to propose stages of pedagogical management towards the use of digital technologies when active methodologies are used. This proposal was based on technological management stages by Sandholtz, Ringstaff and Dwyer (1997). Conceived with a qualitative nature and pointed as a case study, the research was carried in a federal institution, during 2016.2 and 2017.1 semesters. The participants were four teachers from the permanent staff. As instruments, a survey questionnaire, observation and interviews were used. Regarding data analysis, it started with questions on a smaller scale as the initial or subsequent codes were defined. Phases like sorting, classification and analysis itself of the material also supported the analysis. Thus, the data were triangulated, being anchored by the interpretative paradigm. Based on literature and empirical research, five stages of pedagogical management were proposed Initiation, Insertion, Integration, Effectivity and Disruption -, demonstrating that the investigated teachers fluctuated, during the research period, between elementary and intermediate stages when using the technologies in a pedagogical way. In this sense, the importance of developing new theoretical frameworks based on real situations is affirmed, with a greater probability of them being carried out by teachers, bringing theory and practice closer together. It is believed that if teachers develop practices based on these stages, there are greater possibilities of making students co-responsible for their own learning.
本文的目的是提出在使用主动方法时使用数字技术的教学管理阶段。这一建议是基于Sandholtz, Ringstaff和Dwyer(1997)的技术管理阶段。该研究具有定性性质,并作为案例研究,于2016.2和2017.1学期在一家联邦机构进行。参加者是四名长期教员。采用问卷调查法、观察法和访谈法。在数据分析方面,随着初始代码或后续代码的定义,它从较小规模的问题开始。材料本身的分类、分类和分析等阶段也支持了分析。因此,数据被三角化,被解释范式锚定。在文献和实证研究的基础上,提出了教学管理的五个阶段:启动、插入、整合、有效和中断,表明被调查教师在研究期间在教学方式中使用技术时在初级和中级阶段之间波动。从这个意义上说,基于实际情况开发新的理论框架的重要性得到了肯定,这些框架更有可能被教师实施,使理论和实践更紧密地结合在一起。人们认为,如果教师基于这些阶段开展实践,就更有可能让学生共同负责自己的学习。
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引用次数: 2
Escala de avaliação da qualidade de cursos de licenciatura a distância 远程学位课程质量评估量表
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8655550
Marta Fernandes Garcia, Dirceu da Silva
O artigo apresenta o processo de construção e validação de uma escala para avaliação da percepção da qualidade de cursos de licenciatura na modalidade a distância. Para tanto, quatro procedimentos foram empregados: (1) revisão da literatura; (2) validação teórica ou de face; (3) validação semântica e (4) validação estatística, através da Modelagem de Equações Estruturais (MEE), com geração de um constructo de segunda ordem (Qualidade), usando-se o software SmartPLS 2.0. A escala do tipo Likert foi estruturada a partir da solicitação de atribuição de uma nota entre zero e dez e disponibilizada em uma plataforma online. A validação da Escala de Avaliação de Cursos de Licenciatura a Distância (EALDIS) contou com uma amostra de 1.060 estudantes de diferentes cursos de licenciatura a distância do Brasil. A versão final foi validada com 83 itens e 8 constructos. Os testes de confiabilidade dos dados, validade discriminante e preditiva, indicador de coeficientes de caminho e tamanho do efeito apresentaram indicadores de validação muito adequados. Desta forma, a escala apresentada se constitui num instrumento de pesquisa confiável, podendo contribuir para a avaliação de cursos de formação de professores em nível superior na modalidade a distância.
本文介绍了一种评估远程学位课程质量感知的量表的构建和验证过程。为此,我们采用了四个步骤:(1)文献综述;(2)文献综述;(3)文献综述;(4)文献综述。(2)理论或表面验证;(3)语义验证和(4)统计验证,通过结构方程建模(sem),使用SmartPLS 2.0软件生成二阶结构(质量)。李克特量表是根据要求分配0到10之间的分数而构建的,并可在在线平台上获得。远程学位课程评估量表(EALDIS)的验证包括来自巴西不同远程学位课程的1060名学生的样本。最终版本验证了83个项目和8个结构。数据的信度检验、判别效度和预测效度、路径系数指标和效应大小都显示出非常合适的验证指标。因此,所提出的量表是一种可靠的研究工具,有助于远程模式下高等教育教师培训课程的评价。
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引用次数: 0
disciplinas escolares 学校科目
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8660167
Anne-Marie Chartier
Para representar la multiplicidad unificada de los saberes, los Enciclopedistas concibieron el "árbol del conocimiento". El recorrido, desde el tronco hasta las ramas más finas, ordena a la par, las áreas de conocimiento, los niveles de especialización y las etapas del currículo, desde la escuela hasta la universidad. De hecho, a pesar de sus etiquetas estables (matemáticas, historia), las disciplinas, los saberes y las ciencias están sujetas a restricciones y lógicas heterogéneas, pero la imagen del árbol que habita nuestros inconscientes escolares hace casi "impensables" otras clasificaciones disciplinarias posibles.
为了代表知识的统一多样性,百科全书编者构想了“知识树”。从主干到最精细的分支的路径,对知识领域、专业水平和课程阶段进行了同等的排序,从学校到大学。事实上,尽管学科、知识和科学有稳定的标签(数学、历史),但它们受到不同的限制和逻辑,但树的形象占据了我们学校的无意识,使其他学科分类几乎“不可想象”。
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引用次数: 0
História do currículo do presente 目前课程的历史
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8660143
Juliana Marsico, Marcia Serra Ferreira
In this paper, we investigate different discourses that produce a specificity for school knowledge in sciences, historically addressed to Adult Education (EJA) in Brazil. It is part of the investigations we have been carrying out in the Curriculum History Study Group, within the context of NEC/UFRJ, with resources from CNPq, Capes and Faperj. In a dialogue with Michel Foucault and historians who instigate us in the production of a Curriculum History as History of the Present (Reinhart Koselleck, for example), we mobilized the notion of alchemy of school subjects proposed by Thomas Popkewitz to understand how school knowledge in sciences has been historically produced for EJA. We are interested in understanding what transformations this knowledge undergoes when traversed by statements that produce regularities for this modality. We investigated: (i) official documents related to EJA in the country; (ii) a textbook collection made available by the Ministry of Education. In the analysis, statements related to the education of young and adult people focused on emancipation, citizen training and work, as well as those focused on the life experiences of these students, emerge as exercising regulatory effects over the curriculum production investigated here. It is in this discursive context that school knowledge in sciences is produced, that participates in the fabrication of students described as oppressed workers who need a teacher (and teaching) to emancipate them. In this movement, the contingencies and complexities of everyday life are being reorganized as objects of school logic, becoming, alchemically, the school knowledge in sciences.
在本文中,我们研究了不同的话语,这些话语产生了科学学校知识的特殊性,历史上针对巴西的成人教育(EJA)。这是我们在NEC/UFRJ的背景下,在课程历史研究小组中进行的调查的一部分,资源来自CNPq, Capes和Faperj。在与米歇尔·福柯(Michel Foucault)和一些历史学家(例如莱因哈特·科塞莱克(Reinhart Koselleck))的对话中,我们动员了托马斯·波普科维茨(Thomas Popkewitz)提出的学校科目炼金术的概念,以理解学校科学知识是如何在历史上为EJA产生的。我们感兴趣的是,当语句遍历这些知识时,这些知识经历了哪些转换,这些语句产生了这种模态的规则。我们调查了:(1)国内与EJA相关的官方文件;(ii)由教育部提供的教科书集。在分析中,与年轻人和成年人的教育有关的陈述侧重于解放、公民培训和工作,以及那些侧重于这些学生的生活经验的陈述,在这里调查的课程生产中发挥着调节作用。正是在这种话语背景下,学校的科学知识产生了,参与了学生的捏造,这些学生被描述为需要教师(和教学)来解放他们的被压迫工人。在这场运动中,日常生活的偶然性和复杂性被重新组织为学校逻辑的对象,从炼金术上说,成为科学中的学校知识。
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引用次数: 3
filosofía neotomista como filosofía escolar (Colombia 1870-1930) 新Tomista哲学作为学校哲学(哥伦比亚1870-1930)
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8660154
O. Saldarriaga
Este artículo aborda la historia de Filosofía como disciplina escolar, en la convergencia de tres planos: el epistémico: el tipo de saber y sus criterios de verdad; el histórico: desde su formación bajomedieval y renacentista europea hasta la organización curricular del bachillerato colombiano en el siglo XX; y el pedagógico: los métodos y esquemas de distribución curricular y los fines políticos asignados a su enseñanza en la secundaria. Recurre a tres nociones metodológicas: el triple canon de la filosofía enseñada (Alasdair McIntyre); el régimen epistémico empírico-trascendental del saber moderno (Foucault), y el de proceso de institucionalización del saber pedagógico (Zuluaga). Sus fuentes van desde las Historias de la filosofía y la educación, hasta los debates filosóficos y pedagógicos entre neotomistas y positivistas en Colombia.
本文从三个层面讨论哲学作为一门学校学科的历史:认识论:知识的类型及其真理标准;历史:从巴约梅迪瓦尔和欧洲文艺复兴时期的形成到20世纪哥伦比亚高中的课程组织;教育学:分配给中学教育的课程分配方法和方案以及政治目的。他使用了三个方法论概念:教学哲学的三重准则(Alasdair McIntyre);现代知识的经验先验认识论制度(福柯)和教育知识制度化进程(祖卢阿加)。其来源从哲学和教育史,到哥伦比亚新托马斯主义者和实证主义者之间的哲学和教学辩论。
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引用次数: 0
¿Historia epistemológica de la ciencia o historia de la enseñanza de los saberes y las disciplinas escolares? 科学的认识论历史还是知识教学和学校学科的历史?
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8660150
Rafael Ríos Beltrán, Olga Lucía Zuluaga Garcés, M. Velasco
The purpose of the article is to analyze some of the knowledge relationships that are woven between the studies of the Anglo-Saxon curriculum, the school disciplines of French origin and the history of knowledge and school disciplines of Colombian origin based on the methodological notion of pedagogical knowledge. Methodologically, thematic reading was used as a strategy that allowed discursive analysis to be carried out based on the pedagogy, science and knowledge series in each of the three historical traditions. As results, some reflections of the conceptual order are presented that allow configuring a field of knowledge around the teaching of knowledge and school disciplines. In conclusion, from the perspective of historical-pedagogical studies, the political effects of the constitution of the teacher as a professional of teaching in the contemporary world are questioned.
本文的目的是分析盎格鲁-撒克逊课程研究之间的一些知识关系,源自法国的学校学科,以及基于教学知识的方法论概念的知识历史和源自哥伦比亚的学校学科。在方法上,主题阅读被用作一种策略,允许在三个历史传统的教学法、科学和知识系列的基础上进行话语分析。因此,提出了一些概念秩序的反思,允许围绕知识和学校学科的教学配置一个知识领域。最后,从历史教育学研究的角度,对教师作为一种教学专业的构成在当代世界的政治影响提出了质疑。
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引用次数: 0
Cultura material de la escuela e historia intelectual 学校的物质文化和知识历史
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8660176
A. Benito
This essay proposes some reflections and suggestions in order to raise the need to rethink the material culture of the school, a field that has been shaping up in recent years as an innovative historiographic trend in the intellectual history of education. Material and intellectual are not opposed, as might be suspected at first sight, since the consideration of materialities as objects and as contents by contemporary historiography, and not only as a source, is due to an operation of cultural history that it has to be carried out from intellectual presumptions. Otherwise, the historical operation would be reduced to a mere ethnographic construction, and therefore it would not transcend the positivist and instrumental orientation of the analysis. The intellectual vision of the material changes the episteme and introduces a new criticism in the material culture
本文提出了一些反思和建议,以提出反思学校物质文化的必要性,这是近年来教育思想史上形成的一种创新的史学趋势。物质和精神并不像乍一看可能被怀疑的那样是对立的,因为当代史学将物质视为对象和内容,而不仅仅是作为来源,这是由于文化史的一种运作,它必须从知识假设中进行。否则,历史操作将被简化为纯粹的民族志构建,因此它不会超越分析的实证主义和工具取向。物质的知识视野改变了认识,并在物质文化中引入了一种新的批判
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引用次数: 0
Cultura, Saberes e Disciplinas Escolares na Ibero-América 伊比利亚-美洲的文化、知识和学校学科
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8661682
M. Martins
O quarto número da revista Educação Temática Digital –ETD é lançado ainda em meio às incertezas sobre o retorno dos estudantes às atividades escolares, antes consideradas regulares. O vírus Sars Cov2e a pandemia que a ele se associa modificaram, nesse estranho ano de 2020, o cotidiano de todas as pessoas. No caso das crianças e jovens que frequentam as escolas, tais modificações foram marcadas pelo distanciamento físico dos colegas, pela perda da vivência no espaço escolar e por uma profusão de atividades mediadas por uma tecnologia assombrosa e sedutora, produzindo distintas sensações e pertencimentos ao mundo.
《数字主题教育》(ETD)杂志的第四期发行时,学生重返学校活动的不确定性仍在继续。在这个奇怪的2020年,Sars Cov2e病毒及其相关的大流行改变了所有人的日常生活。在上学的儿童和年轻人的情况下,这些变化的特点是与同龄人身体上的距离,在学校环境中经验的丧失,以及以惊人和诱人的技术为媒介的大量活动,产生不同的感觉和对世界的归属感。
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引用次数: 0
Felicidade em gif gif中的幸福
IF 0.2 Pub Date : 2020-11-09 DOI: 10.20396/etd.v22i4.8655338
Joana Dourado França de Souza, Edvaldo Souza Couto
RESUMO O artigo apresenta resultados de uma pesquisa e teve como objetivo discutir usos e interações de perfis de jovens no Instagram por meio de publicações de GIFs na função Stories, recurso para compartilhamento de fotos e vídeos com duração de 24 horas na memória do aplicativo. O principal argumento é que esse grupo de jovens usufrui de saberes, de pedagogias que circulam nas mídias sociais digitais para performar a felicidade experimentada e/ou inventada no Instagram Stories. A fundamentação teórica considerou estudos nos campos das pedagogias culturais, da cibercultura aplicada à educação, notadamente, os estudos relacionados às redes sociais digitais e a era da mobilidade. O método utilizado foi o da pesquisa qualitativa, descritiva e analítica, de cunho netnográfico. O artigo conclui que os jovens estudados performam as experiências de felicidade vividas por meio de GIFs no Instagram Stories e, desta forma, trazem à tona pedagogias que constituem a funcionalidade e a rede social em questão.
这篇文章展示了一项研究的结果,旨在讨论年轻人在Instagram上的使用和互动,通过在故事功能中发布动图,在应用程序内存中分享24小时的照片和视频的功能。主要的论点是,这群年轻人受益于在数字社交媒体上传播的知识和教育,以表现在Instagram故事中体验和/或发明的幸福。理论基础考虑了文化教育学领域的研究,网络文化应用于教育,特别是与数字社交网络和移动时代相关的研究。采用的方法是定性、描述性和分析性的网络志研究。本文的结论是,被研究的年轻人通过Instagram故事中的动图来表现幸福体验,从而提出了构成功能和社交网络的教学。
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引用次数: 2
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ETD Educacao Tematica Digital
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