Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0719-38902019005000305
Marcia Rodríguez-Palomera, G. Luna-Esquivel, A. Robles-Bermúdez, J. M. Coronado-Blanco, Kevin Gerardo Cambero-Nava, O. J. Cambero-Campos
The objective of this study was to determine the biological cycle and life table of Cycloneda sanguinea L. fed with the aphid Aphis aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe under laboratory conditions. The biological material was collected in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) orchards located in the municipalities of San Blas and Compostela, Nayarit, Mexico. The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Autonomous University of Nayarit, at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% RH and a photophase of 12 hours. The duration of the immature phase was 19.32 ± 4.97 days, 197 Rodríguez-Palomera et al. Aspectos biológicos y parámetros poblacionales de Cycloneda sanguinea sobre Aphis aurantii and the longevity of the adults was 58.37 ± 3.44 and 61.71 ± 4.96 days, for males and females, respectively. The females presented a pre-oviposition period of 3.9 ± 0.31 days, with a fecundity of 882.2 ± 52.28 eggs / female. The survival curve was type I, which indicated that mortality mostly occurred in old individuals. The fertility curve showed two maximum oviposition peaks on days 9 and 36 after the emergence of adults. The net reproductive rate was 705.76 female eggs/female, in a generational time of 23.39 days, and a finite rate of increase of 1.41 individuals per day.
本研究的目的是在实验室条件下测定以金蚜为食的血环奈的生物周期和生命表。生物材料是在墨西哥纳亚里特市圣布拉斯市和孔波斯特拉市的菠萝蜜（Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.）果园中收集的。实验在纳亚里特自治大学寄生虫学实验室进行，温度为25±2°C，相对湿度为70±10%，光相位为12小时。未成熟期的持续时间为19.32±4.97天，Rodríguez-Palomera等人197。Aspectos biológicos y parámetros poblacionales de Cycloneda sangea sobre Aphis aurantii，雄性和雌性成虫的寿命分别为58.37±3.44和61.71±4.96天。雌蛛产卵前期为3.9±0.31天，产卵量为882.2±52.28枚。生存曲线为I型，这表明死亡率主要发生在老年人身上。育性曲线在成虫羽化后第9天和第36天出现两个最大产卵高峰。在23.39天的世代时间内，净繁殖率为705.76个雌卵/只，每天有1.41个个体的有限增长率。
{"title":"ASPECTOS BIOLÓGICOS Y PARÁMETROS POBLACIONALES DE Cycloneda sanguínea L. (COLEOPTERA: COCCINELLIDAE) SOBRE Aphis aurantii BOYER DE FONSCOLOMBE (HEMIPTERA: APHIDIDAE)","authors":"Marcia Rodríguez-Palomera, G. Luna-Esquivel, A. Robles-Bermúdez, J. M. Coronado-Blanco, Kevin Gerardo Cambero-Nava, O. J. Cambero-Campos","doi":"10.4067/s0719-38902019005000305","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0719-38902019005000305","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to determine the biological cycle and life table of Cycloneda sanguinea L. fed with the aphid Aphis aurantii Boyer de Fonscolombe under laboratory conditions. The biological material was collected in jackfruit (Artocarpus heterophyllus Lam.) orchards located in the municipalities of San Blas and Compostela, Nayarit, Mexico. The experiments were carried out in the Laboratory of Parasitology of the Autonomous University of Nayarit, at a temperature of 25 ± 2°C, 70 ± 10% RH and a photophase of 12 hours. The duration of the immature phase was 19.32 ± 4.97 days, 197 Rodríguez-Palomera et al. Aspectos biológicos y parámetros poblacionales de Cycloneda sanguinea sobre Aphis aurantii and the longevity of the adults was 58.37 ± 3.44 and 61.71 ± 4.96 days, for males and females, respectively. The females presented a pre-oviposition period of 3.9 ± 0.31 days, with a fecundity of 882.2 ± 52.28 eggs / female. The survival curve was type I, which indicated that mortality mostly occurred in old individuals. The fertility curve showed two maximum oviposition peaks on days 9 and 36 after the emergence of adults. The net reproductive rate was 705.76 female eggs/female, in a generational time of 23.39 days, and a finite rate of increase of 1.41 individuals per day.","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49309617","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.4067/s0719-38902019005000310
Juan Oreste Galeazzi, M. C. Aruani
{"title":"MANEJO DEL RIEGO EN PERA (Pyrus communis) cv. WILLIAMS CULTIVADA EN SUELO CON CAPA FREATICA POCO PROFUNDA","authors":"Juan Oreste Galeazzi, M. C. Aruani","doi":"10.4067/s0719-38902019005000310","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0719-38902019005000310","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46528354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.4067/S0719-38902019005000309
Lorena Alejandra Barbaro, M. Karlanián, P. Rizzo, N. Riera
{"title":"CARACTERIZACIÓN DE DIFERENTES COMPOST PARA SU USO COMO COMPONENTE DE SUSTRATOS","authors":"Lorena Alejandra Barbaro, M. Karlanián, P. Rizzo, N. Riera","doi":"10.4067/S0719-38902019005000309","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000309","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46127753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.4067/S0719-38902019005000102
C. Faverin, Franco Bilotto, Catalina Fernández Rosso, Claudio Machado
The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive economic performance and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in typical cow-calf farms in the Flooding Pampas, Argentina. A dynamic, bio-economic and environmental “whole-farm” model (SIMUGAN) and regional data were used to evaluate two contrasting scenarios obtained from the 4 systems identified in a previous study. Two scenarios were taken as baseline: medium-scale traditional farmer (Tr) and large-scale local technified enterprise (Te). Both scenarios were intensified with the inclusion of two levels of fescue 15 Faverin et al. Modelación de cría bovina de la Pampa Deprimida pasture under good management practices (5 or 10% of the farm area), and the anticipation of the first service of heifers (from 27 to 15 months age) for the scenarios with 10% of fescue pasture. The GHG intensity emissions (IE) varied accordingly to the intensification level in a similar trend for Tr and Te scenarios (between 16.4 and 19.9 kg CO2 eq kg LW-1). The additive effect for the 10% of fescue pasture incorporation combined with early mating of heifers reduced IE up to 17%. Results suggest that it is feasible to reduce IE by the adoption of available technologies. Although further experimental research is required, this study provides useful information about GHG for policy makers and farmers in order to promote a higher promotion/adoption of technologies based on their economic response.
本研究的目的是评估阿根廷潘帕斯洪涝地区典型的奶牛养殖场的生产经济绩效和温室气体排放(GHG)。利用动态、生物经济和环境“整个农场”模型(SIMUGAN)和区域数据，对先前研究中确定的4个系统得出的两种不同情景进行了评估。以两种情景为基准:中等规模的传统农户(Tr)和大规模的地方技术企业(Te)。这两种情况都加强了两个级别的羊茅15 Faverin等人。Modelación de cría bovina dela Pampa Deprimida牧场在良好的管理措施下(占农场面积的5%或10%)，以及预计在10%羊草牧场的情况下首次提供小母牛(27至15个月大)。在Tr和Te情景下，温室气体强度排放(IE)随强度水平的变化趋势相似(在16.4 ~ 19.9 kg CO2当量kg LW-1之间)。添加10%的羊茅草场，加上早期交配的小母牛，可使IE降低17%。结果表明，通过采用现有技术来降低IE是可行的。虽然需要进一步的实验研究，但本研究为决策者和农民提供了关于温室气体的有用信息，以便根据他们的经济反应促进技术的更高推广/采用。
{"title":"MODELACIÓN PRODUCTIVA, ECONÓMICA Y DE GASES DE EFECTO INVERNADERO DE SISTEMAS TÍPICOS DE CRÍA BOVINA DE LA PAMPA DEPRIMIDA","authors":"C. Faverin, Franco Bilotto, Catalina Fernández Rosso, Claudio Machado","doi":"10.4067/S0719-38902019005000102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000102","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the productive economic performance and greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) in typical cow-calf farms in the Flooding Pampas, Argentina. A dynamic, bio-economic and environmental “whole-farm” model (SIMUGAN) and regional data were used to evaluate two contrasting scenarios obtained from the 4 systems identified in a previous study. Two scenarios were taken as baseline: medium-scale traditional farmer (Tr) and large-scale local technified enterprise (Te). Both scenarios were intensified with the inclusion of two levels of fescue 15 Faverin et al. Modelación de cría bovina de la Pampa Deprimida pasture under good management practices (5 or 10% of the farm area), and the anticipation of the first service of heifers (from 27 to 15 months age) for the scenarios with 10% of fescue pasture. The GHG intensity emissions (IE) varied accordingly to the intensification level in a similar trend for Tr and Te scenarios (between 16.4 and 19.9 kg CO2 eq kg LW-1). The additive effect for the 10% of fescue pasture incorporation combined with early mating of heifers reduced IE up to 17%. Results suggest that it is feasible to reduce IE by the adoption of available technologies. Although further experimental research is required, this study provides useful information about GHG for policy makers and farmers in order to promote a higher promotion/adoption of technologies based on their economic response.","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41841725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.4067/S0719-38902019005000205
Dulce Jazmín Hernández-Melchor, R. Ferrera-Cerrato, A. Alarcón
{"title":"Trichoderma: IMPORTANCIA AGRÍCOLA, BIOTECNOLÓGICA, Y SISTEMAS DE FERMENTACIÓN PARA PRODUCIR BIOMASA Y ENZIMAS DE INTERÉS INDUSTRIAL","authors":"Dulce Jazmín Hernández-Melchor, R. Ferrera-Cerrato, A. Alarcón","doi":"10.4067/S0719-38902019005000205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000205","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000205","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45034681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.4067/S0719-38902019005000101
C. Faverin, Claudio Machado
Identification and characterization of livestock systems help improve decision-making. In order to identify the typology of cow-calf systems from the Flooding Pampas, survey data of 115 farms were processed using 39 diagnostic variables. Data on farm structure, productivity indicators, forage resources, animal feeding practices, reproduction, animal health practices, and social information were analyzed. A cluster analysis was used to establish farm typologies. Four farm groups (G) were differentiated using cluster analysis: G1: Medium-scale technified farmer; G2: Mediumscale traditional farmer; G3: Large-scale technified local enterprise; and G4: Large-scale technified Chilean J. Agric. Anim. Sci., ex Agro-Ciencia (2019) 35(1): 4 3-13. enterprise. Overall mean stocking rate was 0.72 cow unit ha-1. The technified systems had better productivity indicators than the traditional systems. The main fodder resource was grasslands, accounting for 98% and 67-72% of traditional (98%) and technified (67-72%) systems, respectively. The diet in technified systems also included cultivated pastures (9-19%), and winter (8.2-8.9%) and summer fodder crops (4.7-5.5%). The technified systems mainly differed in terms of scale (P < 0.05) (499 to 1627 ha), legal ownership, farmer’s or farmer’s family’s place of residence (farm distance depending on G), recruitment of temporary staff (75 to > 92%), use and frequency of agricultural consultancy, adoption of different animal management practices, among others. This livestock farm typology may help agricultural institutions design specific technology transfer proposals.
{"title":"TIPOLOGÍAS Y CARACTERIZACIÓN DE SISTEMAS DE CRÍA BOVINA DE LA PAMPA DEPRIMIDA","authors":"C. Faverin, Claudio Machado","doi":"10.4067/S0719-38902019005000101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000101","url":null,"abstract":"Identification and characterization of livestock systems help improve decision-making. In order to identify the typology of cow-calf systems from the Flooding Pampas, survey data of 115 farms were processed using 39 diagnostic variables. Data on farm structure, productivity indicators, forage resources, animal feeding practices, reproduction, animal health practices, and social information were analyzed. A cluster analysis was used to establish farm typologies. Four farm groups (G) were differentiated using cluster analysis: G1: Medium-scale technified farmer; G2: Mediumscale traditional farmer; G3: Large-scale technified local enterprise; and G4: Large-scale technified Chilean J. Agric. Anim. Sci., ex Agro-Ciencia (2019) 35(1): 4 3-13. enterprise. Overall mean stocking rate was 0.72 cow unit ha-1. The technified systems had better productivity indicators than the traditional systems. The main fodder resource was grasslands, accounting for 98% and 67-72% of traditional (98%) and technified (67-72%) systems, respectively. The diet in technified systems also included cultivated pastures (9-19%), and winter (8.2-8.9%) and summer fodder crops (4.7-5.5%). The technified systems mainly differed in terms of scale (P < 0.05) (499 to 1627 ha), legal ownership, farmer’s or farmer’s family’s place of residence (farm distance depending on G), recruitment of temporary staff (75 to > 92%), use and frequency of agricultural consultancy, adoption of different animal management practices, among others. This livestock farm typology may help agricultural institutions design specific technology transfer proposals.","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41528869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-05-01DOI: 10.4067/S0719-38902019005000105
C. Jobet, J. Zuniga, Dalma Castillo, R. Madariaga, Iván Matus, C. Alfaro
‘Kiron INIA’ is a new wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the National Wheat Program at the Regional Experimental Center (CRI) Carillanca of the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA). The cultivar has medium plant height and late cycle; it is resistant to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici Erikss) and oidium (Blumeria graminis D.C. f. sp. tritici Marchal), and moderately sensitive to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici Erikss y Henn) and septoria (Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) Sand). It is a high yielding winter wheat with good quality characteristics for direct baking, containing an allele of tolerance to soil acidity inherited from a parent. Its leaves are pale green, with a semi-erect flag leaf, with abundant cerosity (glaucosity) in the beam. The spike is white, decumbent, parallel in shape, high density, compact, with awns along its full length. The grain is round in shape, medium in size, and pale red in color. The height of the adult plant varies between 95 cm and 105 cm, with an average of 100 cm, and with Chilean J. Agric. Anim. Sci., ex Agro-Ciencia (2019) 35(1): 50 49-56. a stem of very good resistance to lodging. It is a high yielding cultivar (12.9 t ha-1) exceeding the commercial check in different localities and seasons.
“Kiron INIA”是由国家农业研究所(INIA) Carillanca区域实验中心(CRI)的国家小麦计划开发的小麦新品种(Triticum aestivum L.)。该品种株高中等，周期较晚;抗黄锈病(锈病)。稻瘟病(Blumeria graminis dc . f. sp. tritici Marchal)，对叶锈病(Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici Erikss y Henn)和稻瘟病(Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) Sand)中度敏感。它是一种高产冬小麦，具有良好的直接烘烤品质特性，含有从亲本遗传的耐土壤酸性等位基因。叶子淡绿色，半直立的旗叶，叶梁中有丰富的蜡质(白霜)。穗是白色的，平卧，平行的形状，高密度，紧密，与芒沿其全长。颗粒呈圆形，中等大小，浅红色。成株高度在95 ~ 105厘米之间，平均100厘米，与智利J. Agric。动画。科学。[j] .农业科学学报，2019,35(1):50 - 49-56。抗倒伏性很好的茎。这是一个高产品种(12.9 t hm -1)，超过了不同地区和季节的商业检查。
{"title":"KIRON INIA: WINTER WHEAT WITH TOLERANCE TO ACIDS SOILS OF SOUTHERN CHILE","authors":"C. Jobet, J. Zuniga, Dalma Castillo, R. Madariaga, Iván Matus, C. Alfaro","doi":"10.4067/S0719-38902019005000105","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000105","url":null,"abstract":"‘Kiron INIA’ is a new wheat cultivar (Triticum aestivum L.) developed by the National Wheat Program at the Regional Experimental Center (CRI) Carillanca of the National Institute of Agricultural Research (INIA). The cultivar has medium plant height and late cycle; it is resistant to yellow rust (Puccinia striiformis West. f. sp. tritici Erikss) and oidium (Blumeria graminis D.C. f. sp. tritici Marchal), and moderately sensitive to leaf rust (Puccinia triticina f. sp. tritici Erikss y Henn) and septoria (Mycosphaerella graminicola (Fuckel) Sand). It is a high yielding winter wheat with good quality characteristics for direct baking, containing an allele of tolerance to soil acidity inherited from a parent. Its leaves are pale green, with a semi-erect flag leaf, with abundant cerosity (glaucosity) in the beam. The spike is white, decumbent, parallel in shape, high density, compact, with awns along its full length. The grain is round in shape, medium in size, and pale red in color. The height of the adult plant varies between 95 cm and 105 cm, with an average of 100 cm, and with Chilean J. Agric. Anim. Sci., ex Agro-Ciencia (2019) 35(1): 50 49-56. a stem of very good resistance to lodging. It is a high yielding cultivar (12.9 t ha-1) exceeding the commercial check in different localities and seasons.","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.4067/S0719-38902019005000105","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70330665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0719-38902019005000404
Lisandro Muñoz Alonzo, Ronald Rodríguez Riffo, María Cordero Laurie, Jaime Cruces Leal, Mario Briones Luengo
{"title":"LOCOMOTION PATTERNS OF STALL WALKING IN THOROUGHBRED HORSES","authors":"Lisandro Muñoz Alonzo, Ronald Rodríguez Riffo, María Cordero Laurie, Jaime Cruces Leal, Mario Briones Luengo","doi":"10.4067/s0719-38902019005000404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0719-38902019005000404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70331307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0719-38902019005000502
S. Behmer, F. Gonzalez, G. Colavita
{"title":"EFECTO DEL TIPO Y ORIENTACIÓN DE LA BOQUILLA EN LA APLICACIÓN DE PROTECTORES SOLARES EN FRUTOS DE PERA (Pyrus communis L.)","authors":"S. Behmer, F. Gonzalez, G. Colavita","doi":"10.4067/s0719-38902019005000502","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0719-38902019005000502","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70331384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-01-01DOI: 10.4067/s0719-38902019005000504
Julia Aros, Gonzalo Silva-Aguayo, Susana Fischer, I. Figueroa, J. C. Rodríguez-Maciel, A. Lagunes-Tejeda, Gloria Sarahi Castañeda-Ramírez, Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino
Sitophilus zeamais is one of the major pests of stored cereals worldwide and its control is based on the use of synthetic insecticides, but their irrational use has caused environmental pollution and resistance. Essential oils have shown contact and fumigant insecticidal effect and could be an alternative to synthetic compounds. Hence, the insecticidal properties of essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. were assessed under laboratory conditions against adults of Sitophilus. zeamais. The variables studied were contact and fumigant toxicity, and antifeedant and repellent activity. Mortality by contact toxicity did not exceed 30% in all the treatments evaluated. The highest F1 reduction was observed in the treatment of 4.0% with 41.3% of emergence (58.7% of inhibition). Grain weight loss 283 Aros, J. et al. Aceite esencial de Chenopodium ambrosioides sobre Sitophilus zeamais was lower than 9.0% and maize germination was not affected. All treatments exhibited fumigant activity, while concentrations equal to or lower than 0.5% showed repellent and feeding deterrent effect. It can be concluded that essential oil of Ch. ambrosioides has potential for S. zeamais control.
玉米象是世界范围内储藏谷物的主要害虫之一，其防治主要以使用合成杀虫剂为主，但其不合理的使用造成了环境污染和抗药性。精油已显示出接触和熏蒸杀虫效果，可作为合成化合物的替代品。因此，在实验室条件下，对拟南藜精油对象象成虫的杀虫性能进行了评价。zeamais。研究的变量是接触毒性和熏蒸毒性，以及拒食和驱避活性。在所有评估的治疗中，接触毒性的死亡率不超过30%。在4.0%的处理中，F1降低幅度最大，羽化率为41.3%(抑制率为58.7%)。粮食减重[j]。玉米象必需酵母(Aceite essential de Chenopodium ambrosioides sobre Sitophilus zeamais)低于9.0%，不影响玉米萌发。所有处理均表现出熏蒸作用，浓度等于或低于0.5%时均表现出驱避和阻食作用。综上所述，黄花蓟马挥发油具有防治玉米玉米瘟的潜力。
{"title":"ACTIVIDAD INSECTICIDA DEL ACEITE ESENCIAL DEL PAICO Chenopodium ambrosioides L. SOBRE Sitophilus zeamais Motschulsky","authors":"Julia Aros, Gonzalo Silva-Aguayo, Susana Fischer, I. Figueroa, J. C. Rodríguez-Maciel, A. Lagunes-Tejeda, Gloria Sarahi Castañeda-Ramírez, Liliana Aguilar-Marcelino","doi":"10.4067/s0719-38902019005000504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4067/s0719-38902019005000504","url":null,"abstract":"Sitophilus zeamais is one of the major pests of stored cereals worldwide and its control is based on the use of synthetic insecticides, but their irrational use has caused environmental pollution and resistance. Essential oils have shown contact and fumigant insecticidal effect and could be an alternative to synthetic compounds. Hence, the insecticidal properties of essential oil of Chenopodium ambrosioides L. were assessed under laboratory conditions against adults of Sitophilus. zeamais. The variables studied were contact and fumigant toxicity, and antifeedant and repellent activity. Mortality by contact toxicity did not exceed 30% in all the treatments evaluated. The highest F1 reduction was observed in the treatment of 4.0% with 41.3% of emergence (58.7% of inhibition). Grain weight loss 283 Aros, J. et al. Aceite esencial de Chenopodium ambrosioides sobre Sitophilus zeamais was lower than 9.0% and maize germination was not affected. All treatments exhibited fumigant activity, while concentrations equal to or lower than 0.5% showed repellent and feeding deterrent effect. It can be concluded that essential oil of Ch. ambrosioides has potential for S. zeamais control.","PeriodicalId":42485,"journal":{"name":"Chilean Journal of Agricultural & Animal Sciences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70331064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：