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Polarization in the Spanish press: A study of political sectarianism during the COVID-19 pandemic 西班牙新闻界的两极分化:新冠肺炎大流行期间政治宗派主义的研究
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4358
Roberto A. Valdeón
Drawing on the concept of “political sectarianism” proposed by Finkel et al. and on Entman’s classification of media biases, this paper aims to study polarization in three mainstream Spanish news websites, i.e. El País, El Mundo and Abc, during the COVID-19 pandemic through a cross-sectional analysis. For that purpose, a corpus of 900 articles was gathered during June 2020, following the end of the state of emergency and the strict lockdown enforced by the central government to fight the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis relies on concepts used by communication and discourse analysts, i.e. framing and narratives. I have also drawn on the work of Bednarek on semantic choices. The study, which focuses on the headlines and the leads, shows that El Mundo and Abc were more critical of the central government’s handling of the health crisis, while El País was critical of Madrid’s conservative government. This points to the existence of distortion and content bias in the three newspapers. However, the most significant finding is the fact that El País is the only medium that clearly opted for a selection bias, omitting any news that could have been construed as critical of the central coalition government.
本文借鉴Finkel等人提出的“政治宗派主义”概念,结合Entman对媒体偏见的分类,通过横断面分析,研究新冠肺炎大流行期间西班牙主流新闻网站El País、El Mundo和Abc的两极分化。为此,在紧急状态结束和中央政府为抗击新冠肺炎疫情而实施的严格封锁之后,于2020年6月收集了900篇文章。该分析依赖于传播和话语分析师使用的概念,即框架和叙事。我还借鉴了贝德纳雷克关于语义选择的著作。这项关注头条新闻和线索的研究表明,El Mundo和Abc对中央政府处理健康危机的方式持批评态度,而El País则对马德里的保守派政府持批评态度。这说明三份报纸存在着失真和内容偏见。然而,最重要的发现是,《El País》是唯一一个明确选择选择偏见的媒体,忽略了任何可能被解读为批评中央联合政府的新闻。
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引用次数: 0
How complex is professional academic writing? A corpus-based analysis of research articles in 'hard' and 'soft' disciplines 专业学术写作有多复杂?基于语料库的“硬”和“软”学科研究文章分析
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4357
J. Pérez-Guerra, Elizaveta A. Smirnova
This study focuses on the analysis of linguistic complexity in professional academic writing in light of the empirical evidence provided by a 1,597,000-word corpus of ‘hard’ (life and physical sciences) and ‘soft’ (arts and social) scientific research articles published in leading peer-review journals. Specifically, this investigation aims both to describe the complexity features of texts written by professional authors and to test the hypothesis that linguistic complexity varies across disciplines. Since previous studies have revealed that automatic complexity indices do not sufficiently succeed in providing a comprehensive description of complexity of texts, in this paper complexity has been measured in two ways: quantitatively through the indexes provided by Lu’s (2010) L2 Syntactic Complexity Analyser, and through the more qualitative analysis of a selection of metrics associated with clausal and phrasal complexity in seminal studies. The data show, first, that syntactic complexity indices (basically, strategies of coordination and subordination) are statistically relevant to the characterisation of specifically the soft-science disciplines; second, that there is a continuum across subdisciplines within the broad distinction of soft versus hard genres; and, third, that the soft genre demonstrates a more stable productivity of clausal-complexity strategies, while phrasal-complexity features are more pervasive in the hard-science subcorpus.
本研究的重点是根据发表在领先同行评审期刊上的1597000字“硬”(生命和物理科学)和“软”(艺术和社会)科学研究文章语料库提供的经验证据,分析专业学术写作中的语言复杂性。具体而言,本研究旨在描述专业作者所写文本的复杂性特征,并检验语言复杂性因学科而异的假设。由于先前的研究表明,自动复杂性指数不能充分成功地提供文本复杂性的全面描述,本文采用两种方法来衡量复杂性:通过Lu(2010)L2句法复杂性分析器提供的指数进行定量测量,以及通过对开创性研究中与从句和短语复杂性相关的一些指标进行更定性的分析。数据表明,首先,句法复杂性指数(基本上是协调和从属策略)在统计上与软科学学科的特征相关;第二,在软流派与硬流派的广泛区别中,存在着跨学科的连续性;第三,软体裁表现出更稳定的小句复杂性策略生产力,而短语复杂性特征在硬科学子范畴中更为普遍。
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引用次数: 1
Collaborative writing and patterns of interaction in young learners: The interplay between pair dynamics and pairing method in LRE production 青年学习者的合作写作与互动模式:LRE生产中配对动态与配对方法的相互作用
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4354
María Basterrechea, Francisco Gallardo-del-Puerto
A considerable body of research within the Socio-cultural theory (Lantolf & Appel, 1994) examines how learners express their linguistic gaps verbally, or question their own or others’ language use when writing collaboratively, i.e., produce Languagerelated episodes (LREs; Swain & Lapkin, 1998). Several studies have also explored the effect that different patterns of interaction (Storch, 2002) have on the production of LREs with adult learners (e.g., Mozaffari, 2017; Storch & Aldosari 2013), but little research has compared the effect of these patterns of interaction and pair formation method (i.e., student-selected and proficiency-matched) on young EFL learners’ ability to attend to language, and much less on the type of grammatical features they focus on in LREs. This study examines young EFL learners’ (aged 10-12) production of LREs and pair dynamics in student-selected vs. proficiency-matched groups while completing a collaborative writing task. It was found that young EFL learners mainly exhibit a collaborative type of dynamics and resolved more LREs accurately, together with expert-novice groups. Matched proficiency was more beneficial, as these groups produced more target-like LREs. As per the type of form-focused LREs produced, these young learners focused primarily on spelling issues and less on grammatical knowledge-induced ones.
社会文化理论(Lantolf & Appel, 1994)的大量研究考察了学习者在协作写作时如何口头表达语言差距,或质疑自己或他人的语言使用,即产生语言相关情节(LREs;Swain & Lapkin, 1998)。几项研究还探讨了不同的互动模式(Storch, 2002)对成人学习者的LREs产生的影响(例如,Mozaffari, 2017;Storch & Aldosari 2013),但很少有研究比较这些互动模式和配对方法(即学生选择和熟练程度匹配)对年轻英语学习者关注语言的能力的影响,更不用说他们在LREs中关注的语法特征类型了。本研究考察了10-12岁的年轻英语学习者在完成协作写作任务时,在学生选择组和熟练程度匹配组中lre的产生和配对动态。研究发现,年轻的英语学习者主要表现为协作型动态,与专家-新手群体一起更准确地解决了lre。匹配的熟练程度更有益,因为这些组产生了更多的目标样lre。根据所产生的以形式为中心的LREs类型,这些年轻学习者主要关注拼写问题,而较少关注语法知识引起的问题。
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引用次数: 0
An analysis of language anxiety in English and Basque-Medium Instruction: A study with primary school students 英语和巴斯克语教学中的语言焦虑分析——一项针对小学生的研究
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4353
Irene Alonso Arruabarrena, David Lasagabaster Herrarte
In an era of globalisation, acquiring communicative competence in foreign languages has become an educational priority, and in this scenario, Content and Language Integrated Learning (CLIL) emerged as a European endeavour to improve students’ foreign language proficiency. In the Basque Autonomous Community (BAC), learners are required to deal with the coexistence of three languages in the school curriculum, which may be regarded as an anxiety-provoking process. Through a mixed method approach, this study explores the interaction between language anxiety and the language of instruction in the case of 89 primary education students in the BAC, along with the effects of students’ gender, linguistic repertoire and achievement on anxiety means. Results indicated that participants experienced significantly more anxiety in their English subjects than in their Basque subjects. Moreover, students speaking Spanish at home or scoring lower grades in both instruction types exhibited higher anxiety levels, and this trend diminished in the case of females. These findings reveal the challenging nature of anxiety, an affective factor that should be taken into consideration in the implementation of language teaching methodologies.
在全球化时代,获得外语交际能力已成为教育的首要任务,在这种情况下,内容和语言综合学习(CLIL)成为欧洲提高学生外语能力的一项努力。在巴斯克自治区(BAC),学习者被要求在学校课程中同时使用三种语言,这可能被视为一个引发焦虑的过程。本研究采用混合方法,以89名北北市小学学生为研究对象,探讨了语言焦虑与教学语言的互动关系,以及学生性别、语言水平和学习成绩对焦虑手段的影响。结果表明,英语受试者的焦虑程度明显高于巴斯克语受试者。此外,在家里说西班牙语的学生或在两种教学类型中得分较低的学生表现出更高的焦虑水平,而这种趋势在女性的情况下有所减弱。这些发现揭示了焦虑的挑战性,这是语言教学方法实施中应该考虑的一个情感因素。
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引用次数: 0
Metaphors set in motion in the context of L2 academic spoken discourse 隐喻在二语学术口语语篇中的运用
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4355
Irene Castellano-Risco, Marta Martín-Gilete, Alberto Hijazo-Gascón, I. Ibarretxe-Antuñano
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引用次数: 0
Computational analysis of adjuncts in ASD-STE100 for the NLP parser ARTEMIS NLP解析器ARTEMIS辅助词的ASD-STE100计算分析
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2023-01-20 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i20.4356
F. J. Cortés-Rodríguez, C. Rodríguez-Juárez
Texts written in Simplified Technical English present semantic and syntactic restrictions with respect to standard English that should be considered in the implementation of natural language processing systems dealing with controlled natural languages. This paper explores the syntax and semantics of adjuncts in a controlled natural language, namely, the Simplified Technical English (ASD-STE100) used in the Airbus corpus with a view to observing how the peculiarities identified in the behaviour of Airbus adverbials should be reflected in the computational treatment of these constituents. Thus, our main aim is to contribute to the computational implementation of the prototype ARTEMIS by designing the parsing rules and the catalogue of feature-bearing matrixes that encode the grammatical constraints of Airbus adjuncts. The parsing rules reflect the positional preferences of the various peripheral types and capture the semantic variability of adjuncts in the corpus. In addition, they provide a weight factor that predicts the scale of markedness of these constituents with respect to the different positions that they occupy in the clause. On the whole, these properties offer a precise description of the syntactic features of adverbials that will facilitate their automatic processing.
用简化技术英语编写的文本相对于标准英语存在语义和句法限制,在处理受控自然语言的自然语言处理系统的实现中应该考虑这些限制。本文探讨了一种受控制的自然语言,即空客语料库中使用的简化技术英语(ASD-STE100)中的辅词的语法和语义,目的是观察空客状语行为中识别的特殊性如何反映在这些成分的计算处理中。因此,我们的主要目标是通过设计解析规则和编码空客辅助词语法约束的特征承载矩阵目录,为原型ARTEMIS的计算实现做出贡献。解析规则反映了各种外围类型的位置偏好,并捕获了语料库中助词的语义可变性。此外,它们提供了一个权重因子,预测这些成分相对于它们在子句中占据的不同位置的标记程度。总的来说,这些属性准确地描述了状语的句法特征,便于对其进行自动处理。
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引用次数: 1
Dead or To Death? On Translating into Spanish the Semantico-Pragmatic Implications Derived from the English Resultative Construction 死了还是要死了?论英语结果结构的语义语用含义的西班牙语翻译
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i0.3870
Beatriz Rodríguez Arrizabalaga
The almost complete non-existence in Spanish of the remarkably productive English resultative construction with dead/to death, together with the semantico-pragmatic connotations entailed by the choice of each of these two attributes, bring to the fore in the present paper a syntactic and semanticopragmatic contrastive analysis of this peculiar structure. Our objective is twofold: (a) to prove that both attributes are in complementary distribution and cannot -be, consequently, systematically interchanged: specifically, that the adjectival alternative is required when the verb it complements ensures "death" outside the resultative pattern and that its prepositional counterpart is chosen, in tum, when "death" is not guaranteed by the semantics of the verbal constituent; and (b) to explain how the aforementioned pragmatic contrast is translated into Spanish: whereas in English such a pragmatic contrast is formally encoded, in Spanish it is morphologically expressed through singular/plural number in the translation of the English verb.
具有dead/to dead的高效英语结果结构在西班牙语中几乎完全不存在,加上这两个属性的选择所带来的语义-语用含义,本文对这一特殊结构进行了句法和语义-语用对比分析。我们的目标有两个:(a)证明这两个属性是互补分布的,因此不能系统地互换:特别是,当它所补充的动词确保了结果模式之外的“死亡”时,需要形容词替代词,并且它的介词对应词是在tum中选择的,当“死亡”不能由言语成分的语义来保证时;以及(b)解释上述语用对比是如何翻译成西班牙语的:在英语中,这种语用对比是形式编码的,而在西班牙语中,它在英语动词的翻译中通过单数/复数形式表达。
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引用次数: 0
Computer learner corpora, or how can we turn our students' interlanguage into a resource for EFL research and teaching? 计算机学习者语料库,或者我们如何将学生的中介语转化为外语研究和教学的资源?
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i0.3869
María Teresa Prat Zagrebelsky
The essay presents recent developments in the field of learner corpora, with special reference to some written corpora that have been collected in European academic contexts. One particular corpus, "The International Corpus of Learner English" (ICLE), is dealt with in more detail since it allows cross-linguistic comparison among 11 different national subcorpora. The research that has already been carried out on ICLE ranges from ad hoe case studies of mistakes made by specific groups of learners to wider and more systematic investigations of areas of difficulty and of features of "foreign-soundings" across different mother tongue groups, and from the discussion of corpus design criteria to the empirical testing of Second Language Acquisition hypotheses and findings. Using an already existing learner corpus, joining a project in progress or building a new learner corpus appear to be useful and challenging enterprises which may help reconcile research and teaching needs especially in the field of English, which is the most highly required foreign language in European universities.
本文介绍了学习者语料库领域的最新发展,并特别参考了欧洲学术环境中收集的一些书面语料库。一个特殊的语料库,“国际英语学习语料库”(ICLE),由于它允许在11个不同的国家子语料库之间进行跨语言比较,因此得到了更详细的处理。已经对ICLE进行的研究包括对特定学习群体所犯错误的个别案例研究,以及对不同母语群体的困难领域和“外语发音”特征的更广泛、更系统的调查,以及从语料库设计标准的讨论到第二语言习得假设和发现的实证检验。使用现有的学习者语料库、加入正在进行的项目或建立一个新的学习者数据库似乎是有用且具有挑战性的企业,这可能有助于协调研究和教学需求,尤其是在英语领域,英语是欧洲大学最高要求的外语。
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引用次数: 0
Input in the EFT Setting: focus on the teachers' awareness and use of requests, suggestions and advice acts EFT环境中的输入:关注教师对请求、建议和建议行为的意识和使用
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i0.3868
Alicia Martínez Flor
Within the area of second language acquisition it has been assumed that the three conditions to acquire different aspects of the target language include pertinent input, opportunities for output and feedback. Regarding the first condition and focusing on pragmatic issues, learners' opportunities for input in the foreign language classroom are limited to two main sources, namely those of materials and teachers' output. Previous research examining the presentation of pragmatic information in English as a Foreign Language (EFL) materials has demonstrated an artificial and decontextualised use of language. However, paying attention to the second source, there are no previous studies which have focused on both teachers' awareness and production of a particular pragmatic aspect. In this respect, the present study aims at analysing a group of university teachers' degree of grammatical and pragmatic awareness on the one hand, and their production of exhortative speech acts, those of requesting, suggesting and advising, on the other. In so doing, we attempt to ascertain whether teachers' output may be regarded as appropriate input in the foreign language classroom. Results show that teachers are more aware of grammatical errors than pragmatic violations. Moreover, their production of the three speech acts analysed, particularly suggestions and advice acts, make us finally state, in line with Bardovi-Harlig (1992, 1996), that it would be beneficial to develop teacher training programs on pragmatics.
在二语习得领域中,人们认为习得目的语不同方面的三个条件包括:适当的输入、输出的机会和反馈。针对第一种情况,以语用问题为重点,学习者在外语课堂中的输入机会主要有两种来源,即材料输入和教师输出。先前的研究考察了作为外语的英语材料中语用信息的呈现,表明语言的使用是人为的和脱离语境的。然而,注意到第二个来源,以前没有研究既关注教师的意识和生产的一个特定的语用方面。在这方面,本研究旨在分析一组大学教师的语法和语用意识程度,以及他们的劝告性言语行为,即请求、建议和建议的产生。在此过程中,我们试图确定教师的输出是否可以被视为外语课堂上适当的输入。结果表明,教师对语法错误的意识高于对语用违规的意识。此外,通过分析他们的三种言语行为,特别是建议和建议行为的产生,我们最终得出了Bardovi-Harlig(1992,1996)的结论,即制定语用学教师培训计划是有益的。
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引用次数: 0
Estudios inter e intralingüísticos de las alteraciones del lenguaje: la validez de los planteamientos 语言障碍的语言间和语言内研究:方法的有效性
IF 0.9 4区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.35869/vial.v0i0.3866
Elena Garayzábal Heinze
El campo de estudio de las alteraciones del lenguaje desde la perspectiva lingüística, conocido también como lingüística clínica, es un área de reciente interés y desarrollo en nuestro país, aunque ya en los años 80 surgió como estudio consolidado en Inglaterra. Si bien se trata de un nuevo desarrollo de la investigación lingüística, no esta exento de problemática si tomamos en cuenta la perspectiva interlingüística, comparación de lenguas, y la intralingüística, por cuanto se refiere a la evaluación de los niveles lingi.ifsticos en una lengua dada y en una patología concreta. Desde estas líneas pretendemos abordar estos aspectos a partir del estudio de una alteración cognitiva y clínica como es el síndrome de Williams.
从语言学角度研究语言障碍的领域,也被称为临床语言学,是我国最近感兴趣和发展的一个领域,尽管早在80年代就在英国作为一项综合研究出现了。虽然这是语言学研究的一个新发展,但从语言间、语言比较和语言内部的角度来看,当涉及到lingi水平的评估时,它并非没有问题。在我看来,这是一个非常重要的问题。从这些方面,我们打算从认知和临床障碍的研究,如威廉姆斯综合征来解决这些方面。
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引用次数: 0
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Vial-Vigo International Journal of Applied Linguistics
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