V. Mokryy, V. Tomin, M. Niska, O. Moroz, I. Petrushka, O. Bobush, Anna Tsyhaniuk, Ruslan Grechanyk, Inessa Shemelynets
The concept of creation of the geoportal “Environmental Safety of Ukrainian-Polish Transboundary Territories” has been developed. General principles and methodological approaches of spatiotemporal geographically distributed thematic data integration were substantiated. The geoinformation system, which is based on results of monitoring researches of objects of the nature reserve fund in the biosphere reserve “Roztochya”, is considered. The geoinformation monitoring technologies ensure ecological safety management. The proposed geoportal determines directions of information technology implementation for transboundary monitoring of ecosystems in the euroregions.
{"title":"Informational support on creation of the geoportal \"Environmental Safety of Ukrainian-Polish Transboundary Territories\" by technologies of robotized monitoring","authors":"V. Mokryy, V. Tomin, M. Niska, O. Moroz, I. Petrushka, O. Bobush, Anna Tsyhaniuk, Ruslan Grechanyk, Inessa Shemelynets","doi":"10.24425/SQ.2019.126390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/SQ.2019.126390","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of creation of the geoportal “Environmental Safety of Ukrainian-Polish Transboundary Territories” has been developed. General principles and methodological approaches of spatiotemporal geographically distributed thematic data integration were substantiated. The geoinformation system, which is based on results of monitoring researches of objects of the nature reserve fund in the biosphere reserve “Roztochya”, is considered. The geoinformation monitoring technologies ensure ecological safety management. The proposed geoportal determines directions of information technology implementation for transboundary monitoring of ecosystems in the euroregions.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68953294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Remains of a vast Roman pottery production complex were found on the shore of the Plemi ć i Bay (Op ć ina Ražanac, Zadar county) in 2012, and confirmed by geophysical survey. Ground-penetrating radar measurements revealed outline of a rectangular building that finds analogies with Roman storehouses ( horreum ). The area occupied by remains of the Roman pottery workshop was covered by immense soil-debris flows. Three geological exposures located to the north of the remains of the Roman building were documented using lithological and malacological analysis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The profiles revealed at least three generations of slope sediments, formed in result of intensive soil or debris flows in a dry climate, most probably in 5 th c. AD. In the next, wet phase sediments were transported downslope and deposited on the Roman structures after 5 th c. AD. Environmental conditions at Pelmi ć i were supply with paleoclimate evidence from the Adriatic region. At ca. 1.5 cal. BP lake levels in the eastern Adriatic area were drastically reduced, probably because of strong decrease in humidity, correlated with the so-called North Atlantic Bond event 3. The drought was followed by a humid episode, also attested at the Plemi ć i archaeological site.
{"title":"Geoarchaeological evidence of late and post-Antiquity (5th-9th c. AD) climate changes recorded at the Roman site in Plemići Bay (Zadar region, Croatia)","authors":"F. Welc","doi":"10.24425/SQ.2019.126376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/SQ.2019.126376","url":null,"abstract":"Remains of a vast Roman pottery production complex were found on the shore of the Plemi ć i Bay (Op ć ina Ražanac, Zadar county) in 2012, and confirmed by geophysical survey. Ground-penetrating radar measurements revealed outline of a rectangular building that finds analogies with Roman storehouses ( horreum ). The area occupied by remains of the Roman pottery workshop was covered by immense soil-debris flows. Three geological exposures located to the north of the remains of the Roman building were documented using lithological and malacological analysis, and magnetic susceptibility measurements. The profiles revealed at least three generations of slope sediments, formed in result of intensive soil or debris flows in a dry climate, most probably in 5 th c. AD. In the next, wet phase sediments were transported downslope and deposited on the Roman structures after 5 th c. AD. Environmental conditions at Pelmi ć i were supply with paleoclimate evidence from the Adriatic region. At ca. 1.5 cal. BP lake levels in the eastern Adriatic area were drastically reduced, probably because of strong decrease in humidity, correlated with the so-called North Atlantic Bond event 3. The drought was followed by a humid episode, also attested at the Plemi ć i archaeological site.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68952654","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Okupny, M. Malkiewicz, D. Pawłowski, M. Ludwikowska-Kędzia, R. Borówka, J. Forysiak, A. Michczyński, Witold Jucha, Piotr Cybul, S. Żurek
This paper presents the Late Glacial stage of the development of the Białe Ługi peatland in the southern Holy Cross Mountains, based on a comprehensive palaeoenvironmental data. A complex analysis of palynology, Cladocera, sedimentology, geochemistry and 14C dating were used. Organic deposition was initiated during the Oldest Dryas. The sedimentary record of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems reflects considerable difference between cooler (Oldest, Older and Younger Dryas) and warmer phases (Bølling and Allerød). Periods of intensified interaction between aeolian processes and peatland are related to stages of disappearing vegetation and changes in aquatic invertebrate communities. We therefore suggest that peatlands were created as a result of local lithological-structural, tectonic, hydrogeological and morphological conditions, and the peatland development rate was largely influenced by changing climatic conditions, which determined local vegetation development, intensity of denudation processes and water level changes. The results validate significance of selection and use of several methods, as well as value of biogenic deposits from the Białe Ługi peatland as archives of past climate change in the Małopolska Upland. Relatively stable water conditions and uninterrupted biogenic sedimentation in the Late Glacial that were provided by the geological structure and relief suggest the studied peatland is a leading one in the region.
{"title":"Late Glacial palaeoenvironmental changes in the southern part of the Holy Cross Mountains based on the “Białe Ługi” peatland record","authors":"D. Okupny, M. Malkiewicz, D. Pawłowski, M. Ludwikowska-Kędzia, R. Borówka, J. Forysiak, A. Michczyński, Witold Jucha, Piotr Cybul, S. Żurek","doi":"10.24425/SQ.2019.126384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/SQ.2019.126384","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the Late Glacial stage of the development of the Białe Ługi peatland in the southern Holy Cross Mountains, based on a comprehensive palaeoenvironmental data. A complex analysis of palynology, Cladocera, sedimentology, geochemistry and 14C dating were used. Organic deposition was initiated during the Oldest Dryas. The sedimentary record of the aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems reflects considerable difference between cooler (Oldest, Older and Younger Dryas) and warmer phases (Bølling and Allerød). Periods of intensified interaction between aeolian processes and peatland are related to stages of disappearing vegetation and changes in aquatic invertebrate communities. We therefore suggest that peatlands were created as a result of local lithological-structural, tectonic, hydrogeological and morphological conditions, and the peatland development rate was largely influenced by changing climatic conditions, which determined local vegetation development, intensity of denudation processes and water level changes. The results validate significance of selection and use of several methods, as well as value of biogenic deposits from the Białe Ługi peatland as archives of past climate change in the Małopolska Upland. Relatively stable water conditions and uninterrupted biogenic sedimentation in the Late Glacial that were provided by the geological structure and relief suggest the studied peatland is a leading one in the region.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68953290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
According to the current state of research five sand-gravel accumulation levels of Quaternary age are visible in the morphology of the western part of the Holy Cross Mountains, within the Wierna Rzeka, Hutka and Bobrza river valley systems and the lower stretches of the Biała Nida and Czarna Nida river valleys. Two upper levels (V and IV) correspond to valleys formed during the Odranian Glaciation-Saalian, MIS6 and its reccesional phases under the influence of proglacial and extraglacial waters beyond the extent (to the east) of the maximal ice-sheet limit of this glaciation, reaching to the present-day Leśnica-Gnieździska-Łopuszno line. Two lower levels (III and II) are terraces that were typically formed during the climatic conditions thatprevailed during Vistulian stadials. Sands and gravels of the three upper levels (V−III) contain numerous debris flow deposits and cryoturbation structures documenting periglacial conditions during their accumulation. The lowermost level (I) is a typical Holocene floodplain.
{"title":"Quaternary valley levels and river terraces in the western part of the Holy Cross Mountains","authors":"J. Dzierżek, L. Lindner, Krzysztof Cabalski","doi":"10.24425/SQ.2019.126383","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/SQ.2019.126383","url":null,"abstract":"According to the current state of research five sand-gravel accumulation levels of Quaternary age are visible in the morphology of the western part of the Holy Cross Mountains, within the Wierna Rzeka, Hutka and Bobrza river valley systems and the lower stretches of the Biała Nida and Czarna Nida river valleys. Two upper levels (V and IV) correspond to valleys formed during the Odranian Glaciation-Saalian, MIS6 and its reccesional phases under the influence of proglacial and extraglacial waters beyond the extent (to the east) of the maximal ice-sheet limit of this glaciation, reaching to the present-day Leśnica-Gnieździska-Łopuszno line. Two lower levels (III and II) are terraces that were typically formed during the climatic conditions thatprevailed during Vistulian stadials. Sands and gravels of the three upper levels (V−III) contain numerous debris flow deposits and cryoturbation structures documenting periglacial conditions during their accumulation. The lowermost level (I) is a typical Holocene floodplain.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68952720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tünde Törőcsik, S. Gulyás, P. Sümegi, B. Sümegi, D. Molnár, Réka Benyó-Korcsmáros
: This study presents the results of a comprehensive geoarchaeological study implemented at an archeological site covering ca. 5 ha near the city of Csorna on the NW part of the Danube Plain, NW Hungary. The site itself exposed a complex fluvial system of an ice age creek with near bank and overbank areas (levee, point bar, back swamp). Spatial distribution of archeological features allowed for the interpretation of differential use of the fluvial landscape by different cultures. According to our data, the referred fluvial system must have emerged during the Late Glacial. At this time, creeks orig-inating from hills to the SE followed a uniform NW trajectory. From the Holocene, small creeks were beheaded turning into inactive flood channels. It was the time when the gradual infilling of the floodplain started. Alternating layers of floodwater coarses and floodplain fines mark recurring floods at our site. These could have been correlated with cooler, wetter climatic phases of the North Atlantic, Western Europe and high stands in Central European lakes. Highest floods are recorded during the Late Bronze and Iron Ages besides the Neolithic. Pollen data enabled us to make inferences on the vegetation as well.
{"title":"Environmental history of the Csorna Plain (Western Danube Plain, NW Hungary) from the Late Glacial to the Late Holocene as seen from data of multiproxy geoarchaeological investigations","authors":"Tünde Törőcsik, S. Gulyás, P. Sümegi, B. Sümegi, D. Molnár, Réka Benyó-Korcsmáros","doi":"10.24425/SQ.2019.126377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24425/SQ.2019.126377","url":null,"abstract":": This study presents the results of a comprehensive geoarchaeological study implemented at an archeological site covering ca. 5 ha near the city of Csorna on the NW part of the Danube Plain, NW Hungary. The site itself exposed a complex fluvial system of an ice age creek with near bank and overbank areas (levee, point bar, back swamp). Spatial distribution of archeological features allowed for the interpretation of differential use of the fluvial landscape by different cultures. According to our data, the referred fluvial system must have emerged during the Late Glacial. At this time, creeks orig-inating from hills to the SE followed a uniform NW trajectory. From the Holocene, small creeks were beheaded turning into inactive flood channels. It was the time when the gradual infilling of the floodplain started. Alternating layers of floodwater coarses and floodplain fines mark recurring floods at our site. These could have been correlated with cooler, wetter climatic phases of the North Atlantic, Western Europe and high stands in Central European lakes. Highest floods are recorded during the Late Bronze and Iron Ages besides the Neolithic. Pollen data enabled us to make inferences on the vegetation as well.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68952670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
P. Woźniak, R. Sokołowski, Piotr Czubla, Stanisław Fedorowicz
Abstract The site at Orłowo Cliff was used to analyse the stratigraphic position and palaeogeographic interpretations of the properties and depositional conditions of two basal tills from the Late Pleistocene. A multi-proxy approach involved lithofacies, petrographic analysis of the fine gravel fraction, analyses of indicator erratics and till fabric. TL dating of intra-moraine deposits was used to determine depositional time frames of tills. The sediment profile at Orłowo Cliff shows a distinct reduction in number of Pleistocene units. Obtained dating results suggest the presence of Middle and Late Pleistocene fluvial units. The main issue discussed is the stratigraphic position of the older till (Unit O-4). It can be assumed that this till was deposited probably during the Middle Weichselian (MIS4). At Orłowo Horn the till of Unit O-4 reveals incorporation of the erratic material derived from an older till in the surrounded area (according to petrographic composition - probably from MIS 8). The younger till (Unit O-6) was deposited in the Late Weichselian (MIS 2). Moreover, the till of Unit O-6 is characterised by a significant shift towards the south-west in terms of the erratic origin in Unit O-4.
{"title":"Stratigraphic Position of Tills in the Orłowo Cliff Section (Northern Poland): A New Approach","authors":"P. Woźniak, R. Sokołowski, Piotr Czubla, Stanisław Fedorowicz","doi":"10.2478/squa-2018-0002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/squa-2018-0002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The site at Orłowo Cliff was used to analyse the stratigraphic position and palaeogeographic interpretations of the properties and depositional conditions of two basal tills from the Late Pleistocene. A multi-proxy approach involved lithofacies, petrographic analysis of the fine gravel fraction, analyses of indicator erratics and till fabric. TL dating of intra-moraine deposits was used to determine depositional time frames of tills. The sediment profile at Orłowo Cliff shows a distinct reduction in number of Pleistocene units. Obtained dating results suggest the presence of Middle and Late Pleistocene fluvial units. The main issue discussed is the stratigraphic position of the older till (Unit O-4). It can be assumed that this till was deposited probably during the Middle Weichselian (MIS4). At Orłowo Horn the till of Unit O-4 reveals incorporation of the erratic material derived from an older till in the surrounded area (according to petrographic composition - probably from MIS 8). The younger till (Unit O-6) was deposited in the Late Weichselian (MIS 2). Moreover, the till of Unit O-6 is characterised by a significant shift towards the south-west in terms of the erratic origin in Unit O-4.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44772260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Mahaney, L. West, Alison Milan, D. Krinsley, P. Somelar, S. Schwartz, M. Milner, C. Allen
Abstract Although much has been written about a cosmic impact event in the Western Alps of the Mt. Viso area, the event closely tied with the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) of 12.8 ka and onset of the Younger Dryas (YD), the affected land surface is considered to contain a similar black mat suite of sediment found on three continents. While work elsewhere has focused on recovered sediment from lake and ice cores, buried lacustrine/alluvial records, and surface glacial and paraglacial records, no one has traced a mountain morphosequence of deposits with the objective of investigating initial weathering/ soil morphogenesis that occurred in ice recessional deposits up to the YDB when the surface was subjected to intense heat, presumably, as hypothesized by Mahaney et al. (2016a) from a cosmic airburst. With the land surface rapidly free of ice following glacial retreat during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial, weathering processes ~13.5 to 12.8 ka led to weathering and soil morphogenesis in a slow progression as the land surface became free of ice. To determine the exposed land character in the mid- to late-Allerød, it is possible to utilize an inverted stratigraphic soil morphogenesis working backward in time, from known post-Little Ice Age (LIA) (i.e. time-zero) through LIA (~0.45 to ~0.10 ka), to at least the middle Neoglacial (~2 ka), to answer several questions. What were the likely soil profile states in existence at the end of the Allerød just prior to the cosmic impact/airburst (YDB)? Assuming these immature weathered regolith sections of the Late Allerød approximated the <1 ka old profiles seen today, and assuming the land surface was subjected to a hypothesized instant temperature burst from ambient to ~2200°C at ~12.8 ka, what would be the expected effect on the resident sediment? To test the mid-LG (YDB) to YD relationship we analyzed the paleosols in both suites of deposits - mid-LG to YD - to test that the airburst grains are restricted to Late Allerød paleosols and using relative-age-determination criteria, that the overlapping YD to mid-LG moraines are closely related in time. These are some of the questions about the black mat that we seek to answer with reference to sites in the upper Guil and Po rivers of the Mt. Viso area.
{"title":"Cosmic Airburst on Developing Allerød Substrates (Soils) in the Western Alps, Mt. Viso Area","authors":"W. Mahaney, L. West, Alison Milan, D. Krinsley, P. Somelar, S. Schwartz, M. Milner, C. Allen","doi":"10.2478/squa-2018-0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/squa-2018-0001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Although much has been written about a cosmic impact event in the Western Alps of the Mt. Viso area, the event closely tied with the Younger Dryas Boundary (YDB) of 12.8 ka and onset of the Younger Dryas (YD), the affected land surface is considered to contain a similar black mat suite of sediment found on three continents. While work elsewhere has focused on recovered sediment from lake and ice cores, buried lacustrine/alluvial records, and surface glacial and paraglacial records, no one has traced a mountain morphosequence of deposits with the objective of investigating initial weathering/ soil morphogenesis that occurred in ice recessional deposits up to the YDB when the surface was subjected to intense heat, presumably, as hypothesized by Mahaney et al. (2016a) from a cosmic airburst. With the land surface rapidly free of ice following glacial retreat during the Bølling-Allerød interstadial, weathering processes ~13.5 to 12.8 ka led to weathering and soil morphogenesis in a slow progression as the land surface became free of ice. To determine the exposed land character in the mid- to late-Allerød, it is possible to utilize an inverted stratigraphic soil morphogenesis working backward in time, from known post-Little Ice Age (LIA) (i.e. time-zero) through LIA (~0.45 to ~0.10 ka), to at least the middle Neoglacial (~2 ka), to answer several questions. What were the likely soil profile states in existence at the end of the Allerød just prior to the cosmic impact/airburst (YDB)? Assuming these immature weathered regolith sections of the Late Allerød approximated the <1 ka old profiles seen today, and assuming the land surface was subjected to a hypothesized instant temperature burst from ambient to ~2200°C at ~12.8 ka, what would be the expected effect on the resident sediment? To test the mid-LG (YDB) to YD relationship we analyzed the paleosols in both suites of deposits - mid-LG to YD - to test that the airburst grains are restricted to Late Allerød paleosols and using relative-age-determination criteria, that the overlapping YD to mid-LG moraines are closely related in time. These are some of the questions about the black mat that we seek to answer with reference to sites in the upper Guil and Po rivers of the Mt. Viso area.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43771831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Welc, J. Nitychoruk, R. Solecki, K. Rabiega, Jacek Wysocki
Abstract Archaeology of north-eastern Poland has been poorly recognized owing to vast forest areas and numerous lakes. This particularly refers to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship, where forest covers over 30% of its area. Prospection of forested areas has become possible in Poland just over 10 years ago with the Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). These techniques allow obtaining 3-D documentation of recognized and also unknown archaeological sites in the forested areas. Thanks to ALS/LiDAR prospection a significant number of archaeological structures have been identified also in the Warmia and Masuria regions. Among them oval-shaped hillforts, surrounded by perfectly spaced concentric moats and ramparts, located mainly on islands and in wetland areas, have raised particular attention. Based on field prospection and results of preliminary excavations, these objects have been considered as Iron Age hillforts. One of the best preserved objects of this type is on the Radomno Lake island, located several kilometres to the south of Iława town. Integrated geoarchaeological prospection of this hillfort emphasized benefits of using LiDAR in combination with results of geophysical prospection and shallow drillings. Applied methodology enabled to document the hillfort shape, and to study its geological structure and stratigraphy. The results clearly indicate that integration of LiDAR data with geophysical prospecting is indispensable in future archaeological surveys. It is a perfect tool for remote sensing of archaeological objects in forest areas, so far not available for traditional archaeology.
{"title":"Results of Integrated Geoarchaeological Prospection of Unique Iron Age Hillfort Located on Radomno Lake Island in North-Eastern Poland","authors":"F. Welc, J. Nitychoruk, R. Solecki, K. Rabiega, Jacek Wysocki","doi":"10.2478/squa-2018-0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/squa-2018-0004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Archaeology of north-eastern Poland has been poorly recognized owing to vast forest areas and numerous lakes. This particularly refers to the Warmian-Masurian Voivodship, where forest covers over 30% of its area. Prospection of forested areas has become possible in Poland just over 10 years ago with the Airborne Laser Scanning (ALS) and Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR). These techniques allow obtaining 3-D documentation of recognized and also unknown archaeological sites in the forested areas. Thanks to ALS/LiDAR prospection a significant number of archaeological structures have been identified also in the Warmia and Masuria regions. Among them oval-shaped hillforts, surrounded by perfectly spaced concentric moats and ramparts, located mainly on islands and in wetland areas, have raised particular attention. Based on field prospection and results of preliminary excavations, these objects have been considered as Iron Age hillforts. One of the best preserved objects of this type is on the Radomno Lake island, located several kilometres to the south of Iława town. Integrated geoarchaeological prospection of this hillfort emphasized benefits of using LiDAR in combination with results of geophysical prospection and shallow drillings. Applied methodology enabled to document the hillfort shape, and to study its geological structure and stratigraphy. The results clearly indicate that integration of LiDAR data with geophysical prospecting is indispensable in future archaeological surveys. It is a perfect tool for remote sensing of archaeological objects in forest areas, so far not available for traditional archaeology.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44339362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dave Henry Krinsley, colleague of many professionals and mentor to countless students over several decades, a man possessed of enormous scientific talent and ability, died quietly in his sleep on November 5, 2017, age 90. He had a long history at the University of Chicago, Cambridge University (UK), Queens (NY), Arizona State University (Tempe), finishing his days at the Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon and the laboratories of CAMCOR (Eugene). Beginning in the 1960’s Dave teamed up with others (Krinsley and Takahashi, 1962) to open the electron microscope to the analysis of sand grain textures as signatures of various environments, including experimental work on links between aeolian environments, and inherited surface microtextures on quartz sand. His later work with John Doornkamp (1973) at Nottingham resulted in the Atlas of Sand Grain Surface Textures, the first inventory of its kind that sparked a flurry of testing by Dave and others. This trial run period led to the principle of equifinality, that is, that some microtextures could be produced in multiple environments, so that only a few rare microtextures were endemic to just one environment. Subsequent work showed that multiple overprintings revealed vestiges of preweathering followed by several overprintings, relative ages judged on the basis of differential weathering of grain imprintings. While concentrating on aeolian signatures and lab ex pe rimentation, Dave moved from SE to BSE electron mi c ro scopy, on to TEM, STEM and FIB analyses, and to simulations of aeolian processes and expected grain microfeatures to be identified at some point on Mars (Krinsley et al., 1979). Add to this, Dave’s contribution of SEM microtexture grain analysis of different lithologies in sedimentary rocks of marine and terrestrial origin, and extended through time to the Precambrian, showed investigators how the electron microscope could shed light on geologic processes and environmental reconstruction through the vast expanse of geologic time. One of his latest papers, published in Scanning (Mahaney et al., 2016), demonstrated how combinations of STEM and FIB methods could be applied to weathering rinds, the combined analyses allowing microstratigraphic imaging and chemical analyses with depth, all shedding light on the black mat event as it affected the Western Alps 12.8 ka. His participation in the discovery of airburst related sediment, possibly black mat equivalent minerals in Antarctic paleosols, continued unabated right up to his passing. Dave is remembered also for his numerous papers on desert varnish, many done in conjunction with Ron Dorn at Tempe. Aside from his drive to understand geological processes and paleoenvironments, he is remembered as a man imbued with limitless curiosity that kept him in the lab right up to the end of his life. His associates at Arizona and Oregon remember him as an intellectual source that will be hard to replace and one from which they enjoyed
Dave Henry Krinsley是许多专业人士的同事，也是几十年来无数学生的导师，他拥有巨大的科学天赋和能力，于2017年11月5日在睡梦中悄然去世，享年90岁。他在芝加哥大学、剑桥大学（英国）、皇后区（纽约）、亚利桑那州立大学（坦佩）有着悠久的历史，在地质科学系、俄勒冈大学和CAMCOR（尤金）实验室度过了他的日子。从20世纪60年代开始，Dave与其他人（Krinsley和Takahashi，1962）合作，打开电子显微镜来分析作为各种环境特征的沙粒纹理，包括关于风成环境和石英砂继承表面微观结构之间联系的实验工作。他后来在诺丁汉与约翰·杜恩坎普（John Doornkamp，1973）合作，制作了《沙粒表面纹理图谱》，这是第一本此类目录，引发了Dave等人的一系列测试。这个试运行期导致了均衡性原则，即一些微文本可以在多个环境中产生，因此只有少数罕见的微文本在一个环境中是特有的。随后的工作表明，多个套印揭示了预风化的痕迹，随后是多个套印，相对年龄是根据颗粒印记的差异风化来判断的。在专注于风成特征和实验室实验的同时，Dave从SE转向BSE电子显微镜，转向TEM、STEM和FIB分析，并模拟风成过程和预计在火星上某个点识别的晶粒微观特征（Krinsley等人，1979）。除此之外，Dave对海洋和陆地沉积岩中不同岩性的SEM微结构颗粒分析的贡献，一直延伸到前寒武纪，向研究人员展示了电子显微镜如何在广阔的地质时代揭示地质过程和环境重建。他的一篇最新论文发表在《扫描》杂志上（Mahaney et al.，2016），展示了STEM和FIB方法的组合如何应用于风化皮，这些组合分析允许微观地层成像和深度化学分析，所有这些都揭示了影响12.8 ka西阿尔卑斯山的黑垫事件。在他去世之前，他一直参与发现与空气爆炸有关的沉积物，可能是南极古土壤中的黑垫等效矿物。Dave还因其在沙漠清漆方面的大量论文而被人们铭记，其中许多论文是与Ron Dorn在Tempe共同完成的。除了了解地质过程和古环境的动力外，人们还记得他是一个充满无限好奇心的人，这让他一直呆在实验室里，直到生命的尽头。他在亚利桑那州和俄勒冈州的同事们记得他是一个很难取代的智力来源，他们从中享受了一些令人兴奋的发现时光。
{"title":"In Memory of Professor David Krinsley, University of Oregon","authors":"Bill Mahaney, K. Langworthy, Robert Fischer","doi":"10.2478/SQUA-2018-0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/SQUA-2018-0005","url":null,"abstract":"Dave Henry Krinsley, colleague of many professionals and mentor to countless students over several decades, a man possessed of enormous scientific talent and ability, died quietly in his sleep on November 5, 2017, age 90. He had a long history at the University of Chicago, Cambridge University (UK), Queens (NY), Arizona State University (Tempe), finishing his days at the Department of Geological Sciences, University of Oregon and the laboratories of CAMCOR (Eugene). Beginning in the 1960’s Dave teamed up with others (Krinsley and Takahashi, 1962) to open the electron microscope to the analysis of sand grain textures as signatures of various environments, including experimental work on links between aeolian environments, and inherited surface microtextures on quartz sand. His later work with John Doornkamp (1973) at Nottingham resulted in the Atlas of Sand Grain Surface Textures, the first inventory of its kind that sparked a flurry of testing by Dave and others. This trial run period led to the principle of equifinality, that is, that some microtextures could be produced in multiple environments, so that only a few rare microtextures were endemic to just one environment. Subsequent work showed that multiple overprintings revealed vestiges of preweathering followed by several overprintings, relative ages judged on the basis of differential weathering of grain imprintings. While concentrating on aeolian signatures and lab ex pe rimentation, Dave moved from SE to BSE electron mi c ro scopy, on to TEM, STEM and FIB analyses, and to simulations of aeolian processes and expected grain microfeatures to be identified at some point on Mars (Krinsley et al., 1979). Add to this, Dave’s contribution of SEM microtexture grain analysis of different lithologies in sedimentary rocks of marine and terrestrial origin, and extended through time to the Precambrian, showed investigators how the electron microscope could shed light on geologic processes and environmental reconstruction through the vast expanse of geologic time. One of his latest papers, published in Scanning (Mahaney et al., 2016), demonstrated how combinations of STEM and FIB methods could be applied to weathering rinds, the combined analyses allowing microstratigraphic imaging and chemical analyses with depth, all shedding light on the black mat event as it affected the Western Alps 12.8 ka. His participation in the discovery of airburst related sediment, possibly black mat equivalent minerals in Antarctic paleosols, continued unabated right up to his passing. Dave is remembered also for his numerous papers on desert varnish, many done in conjunction with Ron Dorn at Tempe. Aside from his drive to understand geological processes and paleoenvironments, he is remembered as a man imbued with limitless curiosity that kept him in the lab right up to the end of his life. His associates at Arizona and Oregon remember him as an intellectual source that will be hard to replace and one from which they enjoyed","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47307130","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Palynological and archaeobotanical analyses were conducted on excavated sediments from Tse Dura, a Later Stone Age rock shelter in north-central Nigeria with the aim of reconstructing the environment conditions at the site within the last millennium. From 933 ± 29 BP to 802 ± 29 BP, the environment alternated between Guinea savanna with dry conditions, and secondary and riverine forests with humid conditions. During these periods of environmental fluctuations, the LSA populations engaged in the management of economic plants the most significant of which included Dioscorea spp. Pennisetum glaucum and Elaeis guineensis, and exploited wild plants such as Pavetta crassipes, Sarcocephalus latifolius and Lophira cf. lanceolata for dietary and ethnomedicinal purposes. Around 310 ± 30 BP cal, the environment became very wet after which it was succeeded by a drier period. It was during this period that Sorghum bicolor became prominent, and the environment attained its current status dominated by Guinea savanna elements and secondary forests.
摘要对尼日利亚中北部石器时代晚期岩石避难所Tse Dura的挖掘沉积物进行了考古学和古植物学分析，目的是重建该遗址上千年的环境条件。从933±29 BP到802±29 BP，环境在几内亚稀树草原干旱条件和次生林和河岸林潮湿条件之间交替。在这些环境波动的时期，LSA种群参与了经济植物的管理，其中最重要的包括薯蓣属植物。蓝盾叶狼尾草和盾叶狼蛛，并利用野生植物，如凤眼莲、宽叶Sarcoccephalus和Lophira cf.lanceolata，用于饮食和民族药用目的。在310±30 BP cal左右，环境变得非常潮湿，之后又经历了一段干燥期。正是在这一时期，双色高粱变得突出，环境达到了以几内亚稀树草原元素和次生林为主的现状。
{"title":"Late Holocene Palaeoenvironment of TSE Dura, a Later Stone Age (Lsa) Rock Shelter, North-Central Nigeria","authors":"E. Orijemie","doi":"10.2478/squa-2018-0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/squa-2018-0003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Palynological and archaeobotanical analyses were conducted on excavated sediments from Tse Dura, a Later Stone Age rock shelter in north-central Nigeria with the aim of reconstructing the environment conditions at the site within the last millennium. From 933 ± 29 BP to 802 ± 29 BP, the environment alternated between Guinea savanna with dry conditions, and secondary and riverine forests with humid conditions. During these periods of environmental fluctuations, the LSA populations engaged in the management of economic plants the most significant of which included Dioscorea spp. Pennisetum glaucum and Elaeis guineensis, and exploited wild plants such as Pavetta crassipes, Sarcocephalus latifolius and Lophira cf. lanceolata for dietary and ethnomedicinal purposes. Around 310 ± 30 BP cal, the environment became very wet after which it was succeeded by a drier period. It was during this period that Sorghum bicolor became prominent, and the environment attained its current status dominated by Guinea savanna elements and secondary forests.","PeriodicalId":42625,"journal":{"name":"Studia Quaternaria","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2018-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43785329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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