Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.kohonen
Siria Kohonen
This article examines what expectations lay people (those not considered folk healers themselves) had for pre-industrial Finnish-Karelian healing traditions, how these expectations were represented in archived folklore materials, and how they, in turn, affected the healing traditions. The study represents a cross-disciplinary analysis of the subject, with theoretical perspectives drawn from performance studies, cognitive science memory studies, and placebo studies. Via a two-step analysis, this article examines the different meanings given to traditional healing methods and suggests that these methods increased the placebo effect in several ways, most importantly by fulfilling the general expectations for healing performances. The article also proposes that the placebo effect affected the way that lay people considered efficacious healing performances.
{"title":"Traditional Healing Expectations in Light of Placebo and Performance Studies","authors":"Siria Kohonen","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.kohonen","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.kohonen","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines what expectations lay people (those not considered folk healers themselves) had for pre-industrial Finnish-Karelian healing traditions, how these expectations were represented in archived folklore materials, and how they, in turn, affected the healing traditions. The study represents a cross-disciplinary analysis of the subject, with theoretical perspectives drawn from performance studies, cognitive science memory studies, and placebo studies. Via a two-step analysis, this article examines the different meanings given to traditional healing methods and suggests that these methods increased the placebo effect in several ways, most importantly by fulfilling the general expectations for healing performances. The article also proposes that the placebo effect affected the way that lay people considered efficacious healing performances.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73839889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.frank
R. M. Frank
The primary purpose of this article is to explore the way that the Bear’s Son tale, a wide-spread European folktale, came to be incorporated into the oral storytelling traditions of Native Americans. The work is divided into three parts. In the first section the reasons that led me to begin to investigate the European tale are discussed. The second part is dedicated to a discussion of the European tale itself, its plotline and geographical diffusion within Europe and North America. In the third section, I reflect on how and why versions of the European tale came to attract the attention of Native American storytellers, as well as the time frame that might be assigned to the transfer of these oral traditions.
{"title":"The European Bear’s Son Tale: Its Reception and Influence on Indigenous Oral Traditions in North America","authors":"R. M. Frank","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.frank","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.frank","url":null,"abstract":"The primary purpose of this article is to explore the way that the Bear’s Son tale, a wide-spread European folktale, came to be incorporated into the oral storytelling traditions of Native Americans. The work is divided into three parts. In the first section the reasons that led me to begin to investigate the European tale are discussed. The second part is dedicated to a discussion of the European tale itself, its plotline and geographical diffusion within Europe and North America. In the third section, I reflect on how and why versions of the European tale came to attract the attention of Native American storytellers, as well as the time frame that might be assigned to the transfer of these oral traditions.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90590878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.abali
I. Abali
It is known that factors stemming from human nature play an active role in the emergence of riddles, which are one of the oral products. It is obvious that the riddle as a genre, which is thought to have been born and developed for purposes such as having fun, having a good time, arousing curiosity, and solving the unknown, has deep traces of the psychological structure of the human being. In this study, the effect of basic impulses on riddles is discussed with different dimensions. The research is based on document analysis and it was conducted on Turkish riddles that were established with obscene associations with a decent answer, creating a threatening perception and containing insult and cursing, and the samples belonging to the genre were analyzed from a psychoanalytic perspective. At the end of the study, some inferences were made such as the one to the effect that sexuality and aggression impulses can be satisfied without being subjected to any censorship thanks to the peculiar structure and characteristics of riddles.
{"title":"Folkloric Manifestation of Primitive Impulses: Folk Riddles","authors":"I. Abali","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.abali","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.abali","url":null,"abstract":"It is known that factors stemming from human nature play an active role in the emergence of riddles, which are one of the oral products. It is obvious that the riddle as a genre, which is thought to have been born and developed for purposes such as having fun, having a good time, arousing curiosity, and solving the unknown, has deep traces of the psychological structure of the human being. In this study, the effect of basic impulses on riddles is discussed with different dimensions. The research is based on document analysis and it was conducted on Turkish riddles that were established with obscene associations with a decent answer, creating a threatening perception and containing insult and cursing, and the samples belonging to the genre were analyzed from a psychoanalytic perspective. At the end of the study, some inferences were made such as the one to the effect that sexuality and aggression impulses can be satisfied without being subjected to any censorship thanks to the peculiar structure and characteristics of riddles.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89862423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.zhao_zhao
Jun Zhao, Ma Zhao
Music draws influence from its surroundings and thus, with its political and social setting, becomes a part of the dynamic relationship. The aim of this article is to investigate and introduce this particular feature in the context of Chinese culture and explain, with the help of Zheng Qiufeng’s song cycle “Four Seasons of Our Motherland”, how politics play a part next to folk music elements, enchanting melodies, and patriotic lyrics. The song cycle in question was chosen as an example of how politics can be subtly included in the musical plot. It is one of the very few Chinese song cycles, the most well-known one, and made unique by the inclusion of minority characteristics from different Chinese regions together with its distinctive ideological mission.
{"title":"Political Meanings Hidden Behind Enchanting Melodies: How China Delivered Ideological Messages in the Song Cycle “Four Seasons of Our Motherland”","authors":"Jun Zhao, Ma Zhao","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.zhao_zhao","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.zhao_zhao","url":null,"abstract":"Music draws influence from its surroundings and thus, with its political and social setting, becomes a part of the dynamic relationship. The aim of this article is to investigate and introduce this particular feature in the context of Chinese culture and explain, with the help of Zheng Qiufeng’s song cycle “Four Seasons of Our Motherland”, how politics play a part next to folk music elements, enchanting melodies, and patriotic lyrics. The song cycle in question was chosen as an example of how politics can be subtly included in the musical plot. It is one of the very few Chinese song cycles, the most well-known one, and made unique by the inclusion of minority characteristics from different Chinese regions together with its distinctive ideological mission.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86003271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, based on the Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk – the first Turkish dictionary – the female gender is analysed through the categories of ‘women and their social status’, ‘perception of women from the perspective of gender’, ‘woman-man relationships and family structure’, ‘responsibilities of women’, and ‘clothes and belongings of women’. These categories are determined in the context of the data provided by the definitions of the words related to women in the dictionary. It can be seen from the dictionary that women are classified in terms of social status and that they are part of a hierarchical structure. On the other hand, a woman is perceived as the representative of beauty and aesthetics by being described in terms of physical and inner beauty. In addition, a woman is also described as being coquettish, flirtatious, and crafty. In the dictionary, where it seems that a woman is respected as a wife and mother, it was discovered that marriage and family were highly esteemed, that many cultural rituals were practised in the processes of becoming a bride, that having and raising children was considered important, and that there were relations between spouses based on mutual rights and responsibilities. When the dictionary is analysed in terms of women’s clothing and belongings, it can be seen that a great number of things and ways of adornment are mentioned and that being beautiful is highly esteemed.
{"title":"The Status and Roles of Women in Terms of Gender in Ancient Turkish History and Culture Based on the Dīwān Lughāt Al-Turk – The First Turkish Dictionary","authors":"Nesrin Akıncı Çötok, Ender Büyüközkara, Tufan Çötok","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.turkish","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.turkish","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, based on the Dīwān Lughāt al-Turk – the first Turkish dictionary – the female gender is analysed through the categories of ‘women and their social status’, ‘perception of women from the perspective of gender’, ‘woman-man relationships and family structure’, ‘responsibilities of women’, and ‘clothes and belongings of women’. These categories are determined in the context of the data provided by the definitions of the words related to women in the dictionary. It can be seen from the dictionary that women are classified in terms of social status and that they are part of a hierarchical structure. On the other hand, a woman is perceived as the representative of beauty and aesthetics by being described in terms of physical and inner beauty. In addition, a woman is also described as being coquettish, flirtatious, and crafty. In the dictionary, where it seems that a woman is respected as a wife and mother, it was discovered that marriage and family were highly esteemed, that many cultural rituals were practised in the processes of becoming a bride, that having and raising children was considered important, and that there were relations between spouses based on mutual rights and responsibilities. When the dictionary is analysed in terms of women’s clothing and belongings, it can be seen that a great number of things and ways of adornment are mentioned and that being beautiful is highly esteemed.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80698434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.magic
Sonja Hukantaival, T. Jonuks, Kristiina Johanson
This paper discusses objects connected with folk magic and medicine found in museum collections in Estonia and Finland. Our perspective is comparative as we compare these collections to other sources and to each other. The focus is on what kind of objects are found in the museum collections and how these differ between the two countries. We also explore how these materials have been acquired and collated. While we see general similarities between the magic objects in the two countries, there are also notable differences: remains of bears stand out in the Finnish collections while fossils are common in the Estonian ones. Although these observations may reflect a true difference in magic traditions, there are still potential sources of bias in the collections. Even though the museum collections in both countries were formed with romantic national overtones, the interests of individual collectors and curators influenced them in various ways.
{"title":"Materiality of Magic in Estonian and Finnish Museums","authors":"Sonja Hukantaival, T. Jonuks, Kristiina Johanson","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.magic","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.magic","url":null,"abstract":"This paper discusses objects connected with folk magic and medicine found in museum collections in Estonia and Finland. Our perspective is comparative as we compare these collections to other sources and to each other. The focus is on what kind of objects are found in the museum collections and how these differ between the two countries. We also explore how these materials have been acquired and collated. While we see general similarities between the magic objects in the two countries, there are also notable differences: remains of bears stand out in the Finnish collections while fossils are common in the Estonian ones. Although these observations may reflect a true difference in magic traditions, there are still potential sources of bias in the collections. Even though the museum collections in both countries were formed with romantic national overtones, the interests of individual collectors and curators influenced them in various ways.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"226 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79033992","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2023.88.doesburg_valijarvi
Charlotte Doesburg, R. Valijärvi
This article explores the lyrics of the Finnish folk duo Kalevauva.fi. The duo uses extracts from online forums and other social media. We argue that this method of song-writing is a prime example of modern folklore as it reflects the collective, anonymous creativity of people and is reminiscent of the compilation of the Finnish national epic Kalevala. The humour in the lyrics is used to create a sense of community and discuss taboos. It rises from incongruity, for example by mismatch between melodies and lyrical content. We relate the lyrics to internet memes, and examine stereotypical and alternative representations of Finnish men. We place Kalevauva.fi in the context of the Kalevala process as well as contemporary music making.
{"title":"‘Have You Heard of Kalevauva.fi Yet?’ Modern Folklore, Humour, and Gender in the Lyrics of the Finnish Folk Troubadour Duo Kalevauva.fi","authors":"Charlotte Doesburg, R. Valijärvi","doi":"10.7592/fejf2023.88.doesburg_valijarvi","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2023.88.doesburg_valijarvi","url":null,"abstract":"This article explores the lyrics of the Finnish folk duo Kalevauva.fi. The duo uses extracts from online forums and other social media. We argue that this method of song-writing is a prime example of modern folklore as it reflects the collective, anonymous creativity of people and is reminiscent of the compilation of the Finnish national epic Kalevala. The humour in the lyrics is used to create a sense of community and discuss taboos. It rises from incongruity, for example by mismatch between melodies and lyrical content. We relate the lyrics to internet memes, and examine stereotypical and alternative representations of Finnish men. We place Kalevauva.fi in the context of the Kalevala process as well as contemporary music making.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89836831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl_vlaskina
I. Stahl, Nina A. Vlaskina
This paper is an unconventional review of the online roundtable meeting under the heading “Perf 03c: Old Rituals, Changing Environments, New Rules III”, which took place on 23 June 2021, during the 15th Congress of the International Society for Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF), titled “Breaking the Rules? Power, Participation, Transgression”. It includes an analytic introduction and the edited transcript of the roundtable discussion. This roundtable concluded the work of two previous panels organised by the SIEF Ritual Year Working Group, narrowing the discussions to the impact the recent COVID-19 pandemic had on the ritual year. Scholars from nine countries discussed issues related to the changes in the lifecycle and calendric rituals brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Through various case studies and auto-ethnographic observations, participants considered the changes in social and individual experiences; the increased interest of the society in the essence of rituals; rethinking of the emotional component of daily routine and festive events; the way ritual participants and researchers adapted to the restrictions imposed by local authorities; changes and negotiations of the ritual space; new business proposals related to the ritual sphere, as a response to the restrictions; and the use of new technologies in the ritual contexts.
{"title":"The Life of Rituals during the Pandemic: The Ritual Year SIEF WG Roundtable at the SIEF 2021 Congress","authors":"I. Stahl, Nina A. Vlaskina","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl_vlaskina","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl_vlaskina","url":null,"abstract":"This paper is an unconventional review of the online roundtable meeting under the heading “Perf 03c: Old Rituals, Changing Environments, New Rules III”, which took place on 23 June 2021, during the 15th Congress of the International Society for Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF), titled “Breaking the Rules? Power, Participation, Transgression”. It includes an analytic introduction and the edited transcript of the roundtable discussion. This roundtable concluded the work of two previous panels organised by the SIEF Ritual Year Working Group, narrowing the discussions to the impact the recent COVID-19 pandemic had on the ritual year. Scholars from nine countries discussed issues related to the changes in the lifecycle and calendric rituals brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic. Through various case studies and auto-ethnographic observations, participants considered the changes in social and individual experiences; the increased interest of the society in the essence of rituals; rethinking of the emotional component of daily routine and festive events; the way ritual participants and researchers adapted to the restrictions imposed by local authorities; changes and negotiations of the ritual space; new business proposals related to the ritual sphere, as a response to the restrictions; and the use of new technologies in the ritual contexts.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90787261","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl
I. Stahl
In 2020, religious celebrations in Romania were greatly affected by restrictions meant to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Easter, the highlight of the Orthodox Christian ritual year, was celebrated in empty churches during the spring lockdown. Participation in religious activities was later progressively permitted. During autumn, pilgrimages were allowed, but only in compliance with strict regulations. This article focuses on the restrictions imposed by public authorities, the solutions found by church representatives, and the faithful’s reaction to the new situation. The Orthodox liturgical year begins in Romania on the 1st of September, marked by a series of pilgrimages, occasioned by feasts for several saints whose relics are venerated in local churches. Some of them, centuries old, attract thousands of people. The celebrations last several days, during which people wait patiently, for hours, to touch the holy relics. In 2020, governmental measures limited participation to local residents, without previous consultation with the church authorities. This caused great discontent. Despite this, the number of pilgrims was not substantially less than in previous years, in large part due to the direct negotiations between the faithful and the local law forces.
{"title":"Pilgrimages in Times of the Covid-19 Pandemic in Romania","authors":"I. Stahl","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.87.stahl","url":null,"abstract":"In 2020, religious celebrations in Romania were greatly affected by restrictions meant to control the COVID-19 pandemic. Easter, the highlight of the Orthodox Christian ritual year, was celebrated in empty churches during the spring lockdown. Participation in religious activities was later progressively permitted. During autumn, pilgrimages were allowed, but only in compliance with strict regulations. This article focuses on the restrictions imposed by public authorities, the solutions found by church representatives, and the faithful’s reaction to the new situation. The Orthodox liturgical year begins in Romania on the 1st of September, marked by a series of pilgrimages, occasioned by feasts for several saints whose relics are venerated in local churches. Some of them, centuries old, attract thousands of people. The celebrations last several days, during which people wait patiently, for hours, to touch the holy relics. In 2020, governmental measures limited participation to local residents, without previous consultation with the church authorities. This caused great discontent. Despite this, the number of pilgrims was not substantially less than in previous years, in large part due to the direct negotiations between the faithful and the local law forces.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"142 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91381858","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.87.vlaskina
Nina A. Vlaskina
The Nekrasov Cossacks belong to an ethno-confessional group that had to cope with adaptation to new environments several times. This happened due to multiple rounds of migration. Originating mainly from the southern Russian provinces with agriculture as a predominant type of economy, we would expect them to follow the agricultural calendar well, but ethnolinguistic expeditions to the Nekrasovites in 2010–2013 showed only some remnants of these motifs in the descriptions of the ritual year. Analyzing the causes of this, the article traces the Nekrasovites’ adaptation to the changing natural, economic, religious, and cultural context. The author pays attention to the different dominant in their economy in Turkey, where fishing acquired a higher status than agriculture. In addition to this, climatic differences between Turkey and southern Russia are noted, because they may underline the fact that some of the calendar omens and agricultural prescriptions may have lost their relevance. The necessity of religious consolidation of the Christians in the Turkish Muslim community led to the elaboration of the confessional dominant in the Nekrasovites’ ritual year, which maintained its stability even later, in the atheistic Soviet state. After their re-emigration to Russia, the Nekrasovites adapted to the rules of the new Soviet atheistic society and another round of changes in the predominant activities, since part of them settled in the region specializing in viticulture and winemaking. The changes in the ritual system, which followed their migrations, are analyzed in the article.
{"title":"The Ritual Year of the Nekrasov Cossacks in Turkey and in Russia: Reflecting on the Adaptation to New Environments","authors":"Nina A. Vlaskina","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.87.vlaskina","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.87.vlaskina","url":null,"abstract":"The Nekrasov Cossacks belong to an ethno-confessional group that had to cope with adaptation to new environments several times. This happened due to multiple rounds of migration. Originating mainly from the southern Russian provinces with agriculture as a predominant type of economy, we would expect them to follow the agricultural calendar well, but ethnolinguistic expeditions to the Nekrasovites in 2010–2013 showed only some remnants of these motifs in the descriptions of the ritual year. Analyzing the causes of this, the article traces the Nekrasovites’ adaptation to the changing natural, economic, religious, and cultural context. The author pays attention to the different dominant in their economy in Turkey, where fishing acquired a higher status than agriculture. In addition to this, climatic differences between Turkey and southern Russia are noted, because they may underline the fact that some of the calendar omens and agricultural prescriptions may have lost their relevance. The necessity of religious consolidation of the Christians in the Turkish Muslim community led to the elaboration of the confessional dominant in the Nekrasovites’ ritual year, which maintained its stability even later, in the atheistic Soviet state. After their re-emigration to Russia, the Nekrasovites adapted to the rules of the new Soviet atheistic society and another round of changes in the predominant activities, since part of them settled in the region specializing in viticulture and winemaking. The changes in the ritual system, which followed their migrations, are analyzed in the article.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"415 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79432874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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