Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.usaityte
Jurgita Ūsaitytė
With the growth of literacy in society, the tradition of personal collections of texts took root among common people in Lithuania in the second half of the nineteenth century. One of the more popular forms of vernacular literacy turned out to be songbooks which included copied texts of poems and songs. The article focuses on historical and sociocultural contexts which shaped the user of songbooks and formed the distinctive repertory of these collections. The main factors which motivated the distribution of songbooks were the growth of literacy and the increase of secular press. The dynamic of these social and cultural areas of life was also intricately connected with Lithuanian national movement. In the current investigation, songbooks are viewed as a form of self-expression of people and as a manifestation of their cultural and national identity. It has also been observed that personal collections of texts reveal the inclination of their compilers towards the content created and existing within the written tradition. Growing competences in literacy encouraged people to pursue and acquire values associated with the written culture as they were identified with modernity, progress, and authoritativeness. Essentially, songbooks created in the written medium and maintained by it reveal the selective approach of their compilers towards the oral folklore tradition and attest to the priority given to the folk literature of a new style.
{"title":"Personal Songbooks: Imprints of Identity in the Nineteenth-Century Lithuanian Written Culture","authors":"Jurgita Ūsaitytė","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.usaityte","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.usaityte","url":null,"abstract":"With the growth of literacy in society, the tradition of personal collections of texts took root among common people in Lithuania in the second half of the nineteenth century. One of the more popular forms of vernacular literacy turned out to be songbooks which included copied texts of poems and songs. The article focuses on historical and sociocultural contexts which shaped the user of songbooks and formed the distinctive repertory of these collections. The main factors which motivated the distribution of songbooks were the growth of literacy and the increase of secular press. The dynamic of these social and cultural areas of life was also intricately connected with Lithuanian national movement. In the current investigation, songbooks are viewed as a form of self-expression of people and as a manifestation of their cultural and national identity. It has also been observed that personal collections of texts reveal the inclination of their compilers towards the content created and existing within the written tradition. Growing competences in literacy encouraged people to pursue and acquire values associated with the written culture as they were identified with modernity, progress, and authoritativeness. Essentially, songbooks created in the written medium and maintained by it reveal the selective approach of their compilers towards the oral folklore tradition and attest to the priority given to the folk literature of a new style.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"79 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79047172","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.rakhno
M. Rakhno
The article deals with plot elements of Gothic origin present in Ukrainian folk legends and other prose works: people and cattle sinking into the earth, and witches’ curses. Those motifs can be traced back to the Migration Period when the Germanic tribes entered the Circum-Pontic region. Despite the significant time lapse, the relics of those times still remain in the European folklore in the form of certain plots or plot elements. A widespread legend about a person punished by God for tilling the earth at Easter is comparable to an accident with some Gothic troops crossing a bridge across the river in Jordanes’s Getica. The beliefs about the reasons of the Gothic empire’s downfall are to some extent similar to those about the Zaporizhian Sich’s demise.
{"title":"Plots of Gothic Origin in Ukrainian Folklore Prose","authors":"M. Rakhno","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.rakhno","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.rakhno","url":null,"abstract":"The article deals with plot elements of Gothic origin present in Ukrainian folk legends and other prose works: people and cattle sinking into the earth, and witches’ curses. Those motifs can be traced back to the Migration Period when the Germanic tribes entered the Circum-Pontic region. Despite the significant time lapse, the relics of those times still remain in the European folklore in the form of certain plots or plot elements. A widespread legend about a person punished by God for tilling the earth at Easter is comparable to an accident with some Gothic troops crossing a bridge across the river in Jordanes’s Getica. The beliefs about the reasons of the Gothic empire’s downfall are to some extent similar to those about the Zaporizhian Sich’s demise.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76239542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.tosina
Luis J. Tosina Fernández
In this article, the first work in the fantasy literature series, titled A Song of Ice and Fire: A Game of Thrones, by George R. R. Martin will be analyzed in relation to the author’s use of proverbs, in order to determine the role that these play in the narration and what their features are. This choice seems appropriate for the analysis of folklore elements, such as proverbs, given the popularity of the series and its presumed contribution to the spread of phraseology. In the analysis of this text, a rather interesting approach to proverbs emerges, one in which the author makes use of proverbs existing in the real world, as well as creates his own, ad hoc, for this literary composition. These occurrences seem particularly interesting and will be analyzed in detail to determine whether they produce the desired effect and whether they follow the expected use of proverbs in real life.
{"title":"Fictional Folklore: On the Paremiology of A Game of Thrones","authors":"Luis J. Tosina Fernández","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.tosina","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.tosina","url":null,"abstract":"In this article, the first work in the fantasy literature series, titled A Song of Ice and Fire: A Game of Thrones, by George R. R. Martin will be analyzed in relation to the author’s use of proverbs, in order to determine the role that these play in the narration and what their features are. This choice seems appropriate for the analysis of folklore elements, such as proverbs, given the popularity of the series and its presumed contribution to the spread of phraseology. In the analysis of this text, a rather interesting approach to proverbs emerges, one in which the author makes use of proverbs existing in the real world, as well as creates his own, ad hoc, for this literary composition. These occurrences seem particularly interesting and will be analyzed in detail to determine whether they produce the desired effect and whether they follow the expected use of proverbs in real life.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"111 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79180996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.sedakova_stahl
I. Sedakova, I. Stahl
For over 10 years, the academic journal Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore has regularly published news on the activity of The Ritual Year Working Group (RY WG), a group of international scholars with shared interests in ritual activities, customs and festive celebrations throughout the yearly calendric cycle, an affiliate of the International Society of Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF – Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore). This includes reviews of the annual WG’s conferences, reviews of panels organised by the WG at important congresses in the field of ethnology and folklore, and releases of new books. In addition, the journal has dedicated several special issues to topics addressed by the various academic meetings of the WG, reuniting studies written by its members (Fournier & Sedakova 2015; Sedakova & Vlaskina 2016, etc.). This article sheds light on the drastic changes that the academic world was recently confronted with during the Covid-19 pandemic, and on how the RY WG met the challenges of this new reality; it shows how a crisis can also open new possibilities.
十多年来，学术期刊《民俗学:民俗学电子期刊》定期发布仪式年工作组(RY WG)活动的新闻，该工作组是国际民族学和民俗学学会(SIEF - societyatleinternationale d 'Ethnologie et de Folklore)的一个附属机构，由一群对整个年度日历周期的仪式活动、习俗和节日庆祝活动有共同兴趣的国际学者组成。这包括审查工作组的年度会议，审查工作组在民族学和民俗学领域的重要会议上组织的小组，以及出版新书。此外，该杂志还专门为工作组的各种学术会议所讨论的主题撰写了几期特刊，重新整理了其成员撰写的研究(Fournier & Sedakova 2015;Sedakova & Vlaskina 2016等)。本文阐述了在2019冠状病毒病大流行期间学术界最近面临的巨大变化，以及RY工作组如何应对这一新现实的挑战;它显示了危机也可以开启新的可能性。
{"title":"When a Crisis Opens New Academic Perspectives: The New Webinar Series of the SIEF Ritual Year Working Group","authors":"I. Sedakova, I. Stahl","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.sedakova_stahl","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.sedakova_stahl","url":null,"abstract":"For over 10 years, the academic journal Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore has regularly published news on the activity of The Ritual Year Working Group (RY WG), a group of international scholars with shared interests in ritual activities, customs and festive celebrations throughout the yearly calendric cycle, an affiliate of the International Society of Ethnology and Folklore (SIEF – Société Internationale d’Ethnologie et de Folklore). This includes reviews of the annual WG’s conferences, reviews of panels organised by the WG at important congresses in the field of ethnology and folklore, and releases of new books. In addition, the journal has dedicated several special issues to topics addressed by the various academic meetings of the WG, reuniting studies written by its members (Fournier & Sedakova 2015; Sedakova & Vlaskina 2016, etc.). This article sheds light on the drastic changes that the academic world was recently confronted with during the Covid-19 pandemic, and on how the RY WG met the challenges of this new reality; it shows how a crisis can also open new possibilities.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89401151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.armstrong
Imomotimi Armstrong
Female genital cutting is a vexed issue which has generated a considerable body of scholarship in both the humanities and the sciences. In this study, I focus on the ritual among the Ịjọ of Nigeria’s oil-rich Niger Delta region. The paper is purely a cultural analysis of the practice and not one where an argument is put forth, as it were. As such, it gives detailed attention to the performance of the tradition. It also examines some of the reasons why the practice was held in high esteem. The paper further considers some of the subjects of the songs associated with the ritual, including love, sorrow, education, identity, and the supernatural, among others. Data for the study was gathered through observation and interviews.
{"title":"Female Genital Cutting in Ịjọland: Context, Performance, and Songs","authors":"Imomotimi Armstrong","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.armstrong","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.armstrong","url":null,"abstract":"Female genital cutting is a vexed issue which has generated a considerable body of scholarship in both the humanities and the sciences. In this study, I focus on the ritual among the Ịjọ of Nigeria’s oil-rich Niger Delta region. The paper is purely a cultural analysis of the practice and not one where an argument is put forth, as it were. As such, it gives detailed attention to the performance of the tradition. It also examines some of the reasons why the practice was held in high esteem. The paper further considers some of the subjects of the songs associated with the ritual, including love, sorrow, education, identity, and the supernatural, among others. Data for the study was gathered through observation and interviews.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86525112","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.danerek
Stefan Danerek
This article examines the Palu’e Tata liba ceremony with the help of multimedia research documentation, participant observation, and comparison with other local ceremonies. The form and performance, including reasons and effects, are described and analysed. On Palu’e, a person who is ill, or who has tried medicines without results, wonders if he/she has done something wrong according to custom or toward fellow human beings, and can request one of several ceremonies or healing genres. Tata liba is integrated into a holistic system of general health and can also be performed preventively for good feelings and the maintaining of good relations. The ancestors are called upon with ritual language, shown to exhibit semantic parallelism, to heal the participants’ suffering relations and possible ill health. The overcoming of negative feelings is symbolically displayed by wiping the participants with water, throwing rice grains behind the back, and spitting in a coconut bowl. The main objective is to achieve harmony within or between families, and there is no argumentation or chronological issues producing a win-win situation.
本文透过多媒体研究文献、参与观察，以及与其他地方仪式的比较，来检视Palu 'e Tata liba仪式。描述和分析了其形式和表现，包括原因和影响。在Palu 'e，一个生病的人，或者尝试药物没有效果的人，想知道他/她是否按照习俗或对人类同胞做错了什么，可以要求几种仪式或治疗类型中的一种。塔塔利巴被整合到整体健康系统中，也可以预防良好的感觉和维持良好的关系。祖先们被召唤用仪式语言，显示出语义的平行，来治愈参与者的痛苦关系和可能的疾病。克服消极情绪的象征性表现为用水擦拭参与者，在背后扔米粒，在椰子碗里吐痰。主要目标是实现家庭内部或家庭之间的和谐，没有争论或时间问题，产生双赢的局面。
{"title":"Tata Liba Ceremony for Reconciliation and Healing (Palu’e Island, Eastern Indonesia)","authors":"Stefan Danerek","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.danerek","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.danerek","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines the Palu’e Tata liba ceremony with the help of multimedia research documentation, participant observation, and comparison with other local ceremonies. The form and performance, including reasons and effects, are described and analysed. On Palu’e, a person who is ill, or who has tried medicines without results, wonders if he/she has done something wrong according to custom or toward fellow human beings, and can request one of several ceremonies or healing genres. Tata liba is integrated into a holistic system of general health and can also be performed preventively for good feelings and the maintaining of good relations. The ancestors are called upon with ritual language, shown to exhibit semantic parallelism, to heal the participants’ suffering relations and possible ill health. The overcoming of negative feelings is symbolically displayed by wiping the participants with water, throwing rice grains behind the back, and spitting in a coconut bowl. The main objective is to achieve harmony within or between families, and there is no argumentation or chronological issues producing a win-win situation.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85556367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
No fiction is without a narrative of human relationships. In Chinese literary history, the stories represented by Jin Ping Mei are especially seen as dealing with human relationships. Some researchers have interpreted Jin Ping Mei from the perspective of human relationships; however, the generic concept cannot describe social connections in Chinese culture. The concept of guanxi, the ubiquitous and quotidian social network in China, better describes the specific human relationships in this fiction. Guanxi as a Chinese cultural phenomenon originating from Confucianism is effective in procuring resources through instrumental and sentimental mechanisms. In Jin Ping Mei, which is centered on Ximen Qing, a guanxi network connects all the characters. Ximen Qing’s fortune is built on guanxi manipulation. Guanxi, however, which was expected to embody Confucian values, violated Confucian principles in the late Ming context. Jin Ping Mei marks a turning point for attitudes toward guanxi in literary representation, and this derogatory attitude persisted in the narrative of fiction throughout the Qing dynasty.
{"title":"Jin Ping Mei: A Story of Guanxi","authors":"R. Han","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.han","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.han","url":null,"abstract":"No fiction is without a narrative of human relationships. In Chinese literary history, the stories represented by Jin Ping Mei are especially seen as dealing with human relationships. Some researchers have interpreted Jin Ping Mei from the perspective of human relationships; however, the generic concept cannot describe social connections in Chinese culture. The concept of guanxi, the ubiquitous and quotidian social network in China, better describes the specific human relationships in this fiction. Guanxi as a Chinese cultural phenomenon originating from Confucianism is effective in procuring resources through instrumental and sentimental mechanisms. In Jin Ping Mei, which is centered on Ximen Qing, a guanxi network connects all the characters. Ximen Qing’s fortune is built on guanxi manipulation. Guanxi, however, which was expected to embody Confucian values, violated Confucian principles in the late Ming context. Jin Ping Mei marks a turning point for attitudes toward guanxi in literary representation, and this derogatory attitude persisted in the narrative of fiction throughout the Qing dynasty.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"64 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72445286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.gebregeorgis
Mehari Yimulaw Gebregeorgis
The objective of the study was to unpack gender role perceptions in selected South-African folktales. To this end, 65 purposefully selected folktales which reinforce character roles were analysed and interpreted, using narrative analysis. With the exception of a few that are used as instruments of contestation, the studied South-African folktales mainly serve as a tool to confirm the entrenched hegemonic philosophy of patriarchal communal life in terms of marriage, work, character traits, and authority. The rebelliousness of female characters against the patriarchal system in some folktales indicates that there is an emerging dynamism of discourse which aims at transforming the gender stereotype ideology inculcated in the folktales.
{"title":"Gender Role Perceptions in Selected South-African Folktales","authors":"Mehari Yimulaw Gebregeorgis","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.gebregeorgis","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.gebregeorgis","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to unpack gender role perceptions in selected South-African folktales. To this end, 65 purposefully selected folktales which reinforce character roles were analysed and interpreted, using narrative analysis. With the exception of a few that are used as instruments of contestation, the studied South-African folktales mainly serve as a tool to confirm the entrenched hegemonic philosophy of patriarchal communal life in terms of marriage, work, character traits, and authority. The rebelliousness of female characters against the patriarchal system in some folktales indicates that there is an emerging dynamism of discourse which aims at transforming the gender stereotype ideology inculcated in the folktales.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"348 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75134106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2022.85.nursing
M. Talvik, T. Tulva, Ülle Ernits, K. Puusepp
Florence Nightingale (1820–1910), the founder of modern nursing, had influence on the whole of Europe. Nightingale has become the archetype of the queen of nurses and the latter can be used to understand different nursing cultures. The aim of the research is to analyse the manifestation and development of the nursing queen archetype retrospectively in the context of the history of Estonian nursing. The research method involves studying and interpreting historical photographs, documents, and biographies as well as secondary sources. The historical-cultural context provides a framework for analysing the development of nursing, taking into account Pierre Bourdieu’s theory. Data collection and analysis was conducted between 2019 and 2021. There were four developmental periods in the history of Estonian nursing: beginning in the early eighteenth century, the Republic of Estonia (1918–1940), the Soviet period (1940–1991), and the re-independent Republic of Estonia (since 1991). In periods of rapid change, the leaders (Anna Erma, Anette Massov, Ilve-Teisi Remmel) emerged, who became the equivalents to Nightingale or the queens for Estonian nurses.
{"title":"Nursing Queen Archetype in the Context of Changes in Estonian Society: A Retrospective View","authors":"M. Talvik, T. Tulva, Ülle Ernits, K. Puusepp","doi":"10.7592/fejf2022.85.nursing","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.85.nursing","url":null,"abstract":"Florence Nightingale (1820–1910), the founder of modern nursing, had influence on the whole of Europe. Nightingale has become the archetype of the queen of nurses and the latter can be used to understand different nursing cultures. The aim of the research is to analyse the manifestation and development of the nursing queen archetype retrospectively in the context of the history of Estonian nursing. The research method involves studying and interpreting historical photographs, documents, and biographies as well as secondary sources. The historical-cultural context provides a framework for analysing the development of nursing, taking into account Pierre Bourdieu’s theory. Data collection and analysis was conducted between 2019 and 2021. There were four developmental periods in the history of Estonian nursing: beginning in the early eighteenth century, the Republic of Estonia (1918–1940), the Soviet period (1940–1991), and the re-independent Republic of Estonia (since 1991). In periods of rapid change, the leaders (Anna Erma, Anette Massov, Ilve-Teisi Remmel) emerged, who became the equivalents to Nightingale or the queens for Estonian nurses.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73211679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-12-01DOI: 10.7592/fejf2021.84.anglickiene_klavinska
Laima Anglickienė, A. Kļavinska
In multi-ethnic societies, one way in which ethnicity manifests itself is in classifying people according to their ethnic origin. Such classification is based on stereotyping and is typically achieved by emphasizing certain common characteristics rather than individual particularities. Both lived experience and folklore corroborate the fact that ethnic stereotypes, ethnic self-awareness, and identity are also influenced by historical circumstances. This article focuses on Lithuanians’ and Latvians’ attitudes towards Poles and Germans, and towards one another during the period between the eighteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries. The aim of this article is to reveal how the folklore of the two neighbouring nations, Lithuanians and Latvians, depicts the aforementioned ethnic groups; what historical events, cultural and social factors determined the similarities and differences in their portrayal in Lithuanian and Latvian folklore.
{"title":"The Image of the German, the Pole, the Latvian, and the Lithuanian in Lithuanian and Latvian Folklore","authors":"Laima Anglickienė, A. Kļavinska","doi":"10.7592/fejf2021.84.anglickiene_klavinska","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7592/fejf2021.84.anglickiene_klavinska","url":null,"abstract":"In multi-ethnic societies, one way in which ethnicity manifests itself is in classifying people according to their ethnic origin. Such classification is based on stereotyping and is typically achieved by emphasizing certain common characteristics rather than individual particularities. Both lived experience and folklore corroborate the fact that ethnic stereotypes, ethnic self-awareness, and identity are also influenced by historical circumstances. This article focuses on Lithuanians’ and Latvians’ attitudes towards Poles and Germans, and towards one another during the period between the eighteenth and the first half of the twentieth centuries. The aim of this article is to reveal how the folklore of the two neighbouring nations, Lithuanians and Latvians, depicts the aforementioned ethnic groups; what historical events, cultural and social factors determined the similarities and differences in their portrayal in Lithuanian and Latvian folklore.","PeriodicalId":42641,"journal":{"name":"Folklore-Electronic Journal of Folklore","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78904078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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