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Circe, the female hero. First-person narrative and power in Madeline Miller’s Circe 女英雄 Circe玛德琳-米勒的《西尔塞》中的第一人称叙事与权力
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clae011
Valeria Spacciante
This article analyzes Madeline Miller’s Circe in relation to the contemporary trend of women’s mythological retellings of marginalized female characters. Because of Circe’s first-person narrative, Miller’s book has been interpreted and marketed as empowering and feminist; however, Circe’s narrative structure rather reaffirms the ideological assumptions underlying the ‘masculine’ Bildungsroman, where the female character’s individual experience is defined by romance and she is ultimately excluded from the social scene. The dichotomy between the marketing rhetoric of empowerment and the novel’s actual narrative structure stimulates a broader reflection about the ideological implication of this novelistic trend as a whole. On the one hand, these novels exploit the well-established exemplary value of Graeco-Roman antiquity to offer a new version of the classical canon which accommodates the critiques of radical movements like feminism; on the other hand, they appropriate the progressive aura of such movements to secure a broader audience while in fact leaving power imbalances unquestioned.
本文分析了玛德琳-米勒(Madeline Miller)的《西尔塞》(Circe)与当代女性重述边缘化女性人物神话的趋势之间的关系。由于米勒的《西尔塞》采用第一人称叙事,因此该书被解读为赋权和女性主义作品,并在市场上大行其道;然而,《西尔塞》的叙事结构却重申了 "男性 "童话式长篇小说的意识形态假设,即女性角色的个人经历被浪漫所定义,最终被排除在社会场景之外。赋权的营销辞令与小说实际叙事结构之间的对立,引发了对这股小说潮流整体意识形态内涵的广泛思考。一方面,这些小说利用古希腊-罗马古代已确立的典范价值,为古典正典提供了一个新版本,容纳了对女权主义等激进运动的批判;另一方面,它们利用这些运动的进步光环来确保更广泛的受众,而事实上却对权力的不平衡不加质疑。
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引用次数: 0
The haunting of classics in the Dark Academia aesthetic 黑暗学院美学中的经典萦绕
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-07-09 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clae007
Tori F Lee
This article explores the online aesthetic ‘Dark Academia’ from the perspective of Classical reception. Dark Academia became popular during the COVID-19 era as an internet subculture revolving around bookishness, university culture, the Gothic, and the Classical. From its beginning as a Tumblr fandom around Donna Tartt’s The Secret History (1992), Dark Academia has grown to reach millions of followers worldwide across numerous social media platforms. This article argues that we can think of Dark Academia’s reception of Classics as a ‘haunting’ as defined by James Uden in Spectres of Antiquity (2020), made up of fragmentary, disconnected references — similar to the reception of Classics in Gothic literature. Dark Academia’s reception, however, is twofold: a reception of Classical antiquity itself, but also of the academic discipline of Classics. As such, the field is twice implicated. Classics must address Dark Academia both as a potential gateway for attracting interest in the ancient world, but also as another phenomenon that reflects and amplifies its own pernicious disciplinary legacy.
本文从古典接受的角度探讨网络美学 "黑暗学院"。黑暗学院 "作为一种围绕书香、大学文化、哥特式和古典的网络亚文化,在 COVID-19 时代开始流行。从最初围绕唐娜-塔特(Donna Tartt)的《秘史》(1992 年)而兴起的 Tumblr 粉丝团,到如今在全球众多社交媒体平台上拥有数百万粉丝的 "黑暗学院"。本文认为,我们可以将 "黑暗学院 "对古典文学的接受视为詹姆斯-乌登(James Uden)在《古代幽灵》(Spectres of Antiquity,2020 年)一书中所定义的 "萦绕",由零散的、互不关联的引用构成--类似于哥特文学中对古典文学的接受。然而,"黑暗学院 "的接受是双重的:既是对古典古代本身的接受,也是对古典学科的接受。因此,这一领域受到了双重牵连。古典学必须将 "黑暗学术 "视为吸引人们对古代世界产生兴趣的潜在途径,同时也要将其视为反映和放大其自身有害的学科遗产的另一种现象。
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引用次数: 0
‘Something Mythic’: The power of shared stories in Kamila Shamsie’s Home Fire 神话般的东西卡米拉-沙姆西的《家火》中共享故事的力量
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clae005
Clara Shaw Hardy
Kamila Shamsie’s (2017) novel Home Fire draws on Sophocles’ Antigone for its plot, but neither requires familiarity with, nor explicitly references, the tragedy. This article attempts to build a specific case for the effects of attending to the intertext by focusing on Shamsie’s complex treatment of Antigone’s punishment and its consequences in Sophocles. Reading the novel’s denouement in conversation with that of the tragedy suggests questions about higher authority and checks on political power in the world of the novel. I argue that shared stories in the novel exert a force analogous to that of Sophocles’ gods in that they authorize moral judgments; attention to the intertext enacts the same experience for readers of the novel that shared stories do for characters within the novel.
卡米拉-沙姆西(Kamila Shamsie,2017)的小说《家火》在情节上借鉴了索福克勒斯的《安提戈涅》,但既不要求熟悉这部悲剧,也没有明确引用这部悲剧。本文试图通过关注沙姆西对索福克勒斯笔下安提戈涅的惩罚及其后果的复杂处理,为关注互文的效果建立一个具体的案例。在阅读小说结局与悲剧结局时,我们会对小说世界中更高的权威和政治权力的制约产生疑问。我认为,小说中的共享故事与索福克勒斯笔下的诸神具有类似的力量,它们授权进行道德判断;关注互文为小说读者带来的体验与小说中的共享故事为人物带来的体验相同。
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引用次数: 0
Narrativity and literariness in receptions of Josephus’s teknophagia story 接受约瑟夫《teknophagia》故事时的叙述性和文学性
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-03-14 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clae002
Yonatan Binyam
In this article, I present an analysis of the narrative discourses and literary elements found in the teknophagia story that originates with Josephus’s Bellum Judaicum and trace the development of those motifs in subsequent Latin, Hebrew, Arabic, and Ethiopic versions of the story. I first outline the reception history of Josephus within medieval Coptic and Ethiopic literary traditions, by way of the Hebrew Sefer Yosippon and one of its Latin sources, the De Excidio Hierosolymitano. I then illustrate how the literariness of the various authors who reworked the teknophagia story influences a reading of the narrative discourses of each text. In doing so, I emphasize the unique iteration of the account of the cannibalistic mother that appears in the Christian-Arabic and Ethiopic histories, showing how this version of the story develops out of not only earlier stylistic changes, but also from the literary elements introduced into the story by the redactor of the Arabic reworking of the Hebrew Yosippon.
在本文中,我分析了源自约瑟夫斯的《犹太法典》的 teknophagia 故事中的叙事话语和文学元素,并追溯了这些主题在后来的拉丁语、希伯来语、阿拉伯语和埃塞俄比亚语版本中的发展。我首先通过希伯来文《Sefer Yosippon》及其拉丁文来源之一《De Excidio Hierosolymitano》概述了约瑟夫斯在中世纪科普特和埃塞俄比亚文学传统中的接受史。然后,我说明了改编 teknophagia 故事的不同作者的文学性是如何影响对每个文本叙事话语的解读的。在此过程中,我强调了在基督教-阿拉伯语和埃塞俄比亚历史中出现的关于食人母亲的独特迭代,展示了这一版本的故事是如何不仅从早期的文体变化中发展而来,而且还从阿拉伯语对希伯来语 Yosippon 的改编者在故事中引入的文学元素中发展而来。
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引用次数: 0
‘Back from the silence with something to say’: Ursula Le Guin’s Lavinia and silence as classical reception 从沉默中回来,有话要说":厄休拉-勒奎恩的《拉维尼娅》和作为经典接受的沉默
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-02-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clae001
Emily Hauser
This article explores the power of silence in the feminist recovery of classical texts to open up engaged spaces for women’s creative reworkings, taking as a case study Lavinia and her reception in Ursula Le Guin’s (2008) novel of the same name. By re-evaluating silence in dialogue with feminist and classical reception scholarship, I argue that Le Guin is able to bring a different angle to the reception of classical literary women, focusing on the gaps and spaces in Lavinia’s character that provide a medium for engagement with the incomplete text of the Aeneid. Silence thus becomes a locus in which Le Guin can transform Vergil’s silencing of Lavinia into a generative vision of the open space of interpretation available in classical literature and its reception.
本文以乌苏拉-勒奎恩(Ursula Le Guin,2008 年)的同名小说《拉维尼娅》(Lavinia)及其对她的接受为案例,探讨了在女性主义对古典文本的复原过程中,沉默的力量为女性的创造性再创作开辟了参与空间。通过与女性主义和古典文学接受研究进行对话,重新评估沉默,我认为勒奎恩能够从另一个角度看待古典文学女性的接受问题,重点关注拉维尼娅性格中的空白和空间,这些空白和空间为与《埃涅伊德》不完整文本的接触提供了媒介。因此,沉默成为勒奎恩将维吉尔对拉维尼娅的沉默转化为对古典文学及其接受的开放性阐释空间的一种生成性视角。
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引用次数: 0
Afterword: memory and the past: fascism, spectacle, history 后记:记忆与过去:法西斯主义、奇观、历史
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-01-10 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clad023
Simonetta Falasca-Zamponi
The Afterword addresses the efforts of Italian fascists to build an imaginary fascist community through the mythical appropriation of the past. It argues that fascism epitomized in a peculiarly contradictory and destructive manner the moderns’ reaction to what they perceived as the end of an era. The historical division between memory and history, established in the nineteenth century, engulfed the fascist movement and overlapped with other critical dichotomies that vexed Mussolini and his adepts as they pursued the revitalization of communal roots while simultaneously riding the train of change. The dualisms of community and society, tradition and modernity, and, at a more meta-level, sacred and profane confronted fascism with difficult dilemmas, eliciting responses that, as the contributors to this issue show, ultimately exposed fascism’s cultural incongruities and fallacies.
后记》论述了意大利法西斯分子通过对过去的神话式挪用来建立一个想象中的法西斯社会的努力。该书认为,法西斯主义以一种奇特的矛盾和破坏性方式体现了现代人对他们所认为的时代终结的反应。十九世纪确立的记忆与历史之间的历史分野吞噬了法西斯运动,并与墨索里尼及其追随者所困扰的其他关键二分法重叠,因为墨索里尼及其追随者在追求振兴社区根基的同时,也搭上了变革的列车。社区与社会、传统与现代的二元对立,以及在更宏观的层面上,神圣与亵渎的二元对立,使法西斯主义面临着棘手的两难境地,正如本期撰稿人所指出的那样,这些对立最终暴露了法西斯主义在文化上的不协调和谬误。
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引用次数: 0
Ancient tragedy, yet modern music: musical compositions in the classical performances (1921–39) 古代悲剧,现代音乐:古典表演中的音乐作品(1921-39 年)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clad027
Giovanna Casali
This contribution aims to analyse the role of music in the revival of Greek theatre that characterized twentieth-century Italy. In particular, it explores and compares the music composed for INDA productions between 1921 and 1939. From the beginning of the festival, music occupied a crucial role, thanks to Ettore Romagnoli’s emphasis on the musical component in reviving ancient Greek drama. The years from 1921 to 1927 were characterized by the collaboration between Romagnoli and Giuseppe Mulè, who attempted to revive ancient Greek music according to modern criteria. By 1930, the festival, run by an entirely Fascist committee, had taken on a nationalistic character, and music was integral to this. Indeed, during these years (1930–39), music acquired a pivotal role in emphasizing the heroic instances of ancient drama that had become functional to the Regime’s policy. Moreover, it was considered indispensable for this increasingly mass-oriented type of performance.
这篇论文旨在分析音乐在希腊戏剧复兴中的作用,希腊戏剧复兴是二十世纪意大利的特点。特别是,它探讨并比较了 1921 年至 1939 年间为 INDA 制作的音乐。由于埃托雷-罗马尼奥利(Ettore Romagnoli)强调音乐在古希腊戏剧复兴中的作用,因此从戏剧节开始,音乐就占据了至关重要的地位。1921 年至 1927 年期间,罗马尼奥利与朱塞佩-穆莱(Giuseppe Mulè)合作,试图按照现代标准复兴古希腊音乐。到 1930 年,完全由法西斯主义委员会管理的音乐节已经具有了民族主义的特征,而音乐则是其中不可或缺的一部分。事实上,在这几年(1930-1939 年)中,音乐在强调古代戏剧中的英雄事迹方面发挥了关键作用,这已成为政权政策的功能。此外,音乐还被认为是这种日益面向大众的表演所不可或缺的。
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引用次数: 0
Classical dance and Mediterranean imaginaries: Jia Ruskaja in Fascist Italy 古典舞蹈与地中海想象:法西斯意大利的贾-鲁斯卡贾
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clad024
Patrizia Veroli
Russian dancer and film actress Jia Ruskaja (Evgeniya Borisenko, 1902–70) forged a rapidly rising career in Italy as a dancer, teacher and company director during the thirties. The author of La danza come un modo di essere (1927) was a female education reformer, whose Milan dance schools were subsidized by the Fascist Regime. In 1940, she was entrusted with the directorship of the newly founded Royal School for Classical Dance. Though inspired by Isadora Duncan, in the early thirties, Ruskaja added ballet to her modern dance since she considered it crucial for the sound training of the body. According to her, the century-old codified system of ballet, once mingled with the ability to make artfully crafted movements inspired by classical imagery (‘plastique’) and rhythmic gymnastics, could transform into a new and organic physical practice, able to create a new beginning in dance. Was this so? Could her modernized ballet, imbued with the Mediterranean myth that inspired a number of artists in the twenties and thirties, convey such a modernist futural thrust, or was it rather held captive by centuries-old balletic values and culture?
俄罗斯舞蹈家和电影演员贾-鲁斯卡亚(Evgeniya Borisenko,1902-70 年)作为舞蹈家、教师和舞蹈团团长,30 年代在意大利迅速崛起。La danza come un modo di essere》(1927 年)的作者是一位女性教育改革家,她在米兰开办的舞蹈学校得到了法西斯政权的资助。1940 年,她被任命为新成立的皇家古典舞蹈学校的校长。虽然受到伊莎多拉-邓肯的启发,但在 30 年代初,卢斯卡雅在现代舞中加入了芭蕾,因为她认为芭蕾对身体的健全训练至关重要。她认为,拥有百年历史的芭蕾舞编排系统,一旦与从古典意象("plastique")和韵律体操中汲取灵感、经过艺术加工的动作相融合,就能转化为一种全新的、有机的身体练习,开创舞蹈的新起点。果真如此吗?她的现代化芭蕾舞剧充满了地中海神话的气息,在二十世纪二三十年代激发了许多艺术家的灵感,她的芭蕾舞剧能否传达出这样一种现代主义的未来主义主旨,还是说,她的芭蕾舞剧被几个世纪以来的芭蕾价值和文化所束缚?
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引用次数: 0
Ettore Romagnoli, rievocatore of ancient Greek drama 古希腊戏剧大师埃托雷-罗马尼奥利
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clad029
Sara Troiani
The Italian classicist Ettore Romagnoli (1871–938) is mostly remembered as a popularizer of ancient drama through his work as a translator for and artistic director of classical performances at the Greek theatre of Syracuse (1914–27). His theatrical productions were inspired by a programmatic aesthetic approach to the study of classical culture called ‘artistic Hellenism’, which aimed at making the Graeco-Roman classics accessible to a broader audience, as well as renewing Italian prose theatre by referring to the example of the ancient chorodidaskalos. This article aims to describe Romagnoli’s attempt to promote his aesthetics in the staging of Greek drama within the cultural framework of Fascism. Even after his dismissal from the artistic direction of the National Institute of Ancient Drama, which he helped to establish in 1925, Romagnoli strove to find the financial support for his project of a ‘Fascist Institute of Classical Drama’. This Institute never became a reality and was probably intended to compete with the classical productions staged at Syracuse, which in the thirties were undergoing a shift in terms of aesthetics and production management according to the new Fascist politics about theatre matters.
意大利古典主义大师埃托雷-罗马尼奥利(Ettore Romagnoli,1871-938 年)曾担任锡拉库扎希腊剧院古典戏剧演出的翻译和艺术总监(1914-1927 年),因此人们对他的印象大多是他是古代戏剧的普及者。他的戏剧作品受到一种被称为 "艺术希腊主义 "的古典文化研究纲领性美学方法的启发,该方法旨在让更多的观众了解古希腊罗马经典,并通过借鉴古代chorodidaskalos的例子来更新意大利散文戏剧。本文旨在描述罗马尼奥利试图在法西斯主义文化框架内推广其希腊戏剧表演美学。1925 年,罗马尼奥利协助建立了国家古代戏剧研究所,但在他被解除该研究所的艺术指导职务后,他仍努力为自己的 "法西斯古典戏剧研究所 "项目寻找资金支持。该学院从未成为现实,其目的可能是为了与锡拉库扎上演的古典剧目竞争,而在 30 年代,锡拉库扎的古典剧目在美学和制作管理方面正在根据新的法西斯戏剧政治进行转变。
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引用次数: 0
Constructing a Hellenic modernism: Aeschylus at the ancient theatre of Syracuse (1914–30) 构建希腊现代主义:叙拉古剧院的埃斯库罗斯(1914-1930 年)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 0 CLASSICS Pub Date : 2024-01-01 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clad025
Giovanna Di Martino
This article examines the aesthetic means employed in classical performances produced by the Institute of Ancient Drama (INDA) in Syracuse between 1914 and 1930, with a particular focus on performances of Aeschylus’ tragedies. The first part of this study traces the influences of late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century modernist and avant-garde movements on the Syracusan project, including the experiments pioneered by the radical French gauche, the German productions directed by Hans Oberländer with Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Mollendorf in the role of dramaturg and translator, as well as Max Reinhardt’s early engagements with ancient Greek drama and his vision of theatre (particularly his Theatre of the Five Thousand). It then discusses the aesthetic trajectory that productions of ancient Greek drama, and more specifically those of Aeschylus’ plays, underwent from INDA’s beginnings in 1914–30, when an all-fascist governing body was installed at its helm.
本文研究了锡拉库扎古代戏剧研究所(INDA)在 1914 年至 1930 年间制作的古典戏剧表演中所采用的美学手段,尤其侧重于埃斯库罗斯悲剧的表演。本研究的第一部分追溯了十九世纪末和二十世纪初现代主义和先锋派运动对锡拉库扎项目的影响,包括法国激进派先锋派开创的实验、由汉斯-奥伯莱德(Hans Oberländer)导演、乌尔里希-冯-维拉莫维茨-莫伦多夫(Ulrich von Wilamowitz-Mollendorf)担任剧作家和翻译的德国作品,以及马克斯-莱因哈特(Max Reinhardt)早期对古希腊戏剧的参与和他的戏剧观(尤其是他的《五千剧场》)。然后讨论了古希腊戏剧,尤其是埃斯库罗斯戏剧的制作在 1914 年至 1930 年 INDA 成立之初所经历的美学轨迹。
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引用次数: 0
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Classical Receptions Journal
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