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Classical Absences (1896–2017) 经典缺席(1896-2017)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.1093/CRJ/CLAB013
Ludger Jansen
When we consider classical receptions in terms of presences, we often think of how antiquity materializes visibly and/or substantially in the fabric of our histories, whether as physical remains or concrete traditions. Yet the search for the classical as a solid, conspicuous phenomenon reveals only one side of the fascinating story of how we can conceive its status and circulation across space and time. This article investigates some key examples across the period 1896–2017, from Argentine author J. L. Borges to British poet-translator Josephine Balmer, which disclose the flip side of this story—that of antiquity’s existence on various levels of dispersal, silence, and occlusion at the intersections of poetry, mythopoeic biography, legend-making, and creative translation. It argues that, in their engagement with the Greco-Roman past, these examples both advance our understanding of absence as a critical idiom and question our sense of how antiquity makes its impact on our world as a ‘classical presence’.
当我们从存在的角度来考虑古典接受时,我们经常会想到古代是如何在我们的历史结构中明显和/或实质性地实现的,无论是作为实物遗迹还是具体的传统。然而,对古典主义作为一种坚实而显著的现象的探索,只揭示了我们如何构思其地位和在空间和时间中的循环这一迷人故事的一面。本文调查了1896年至2017年期间的一些关键例子,从阿根廷作家J·L·博尔赫斯到英国诗人兼翻译家约瑟芬·巴尔默,这些例子揭示了这个故事的另一面——古代存在于诗歌、神话传记、传奇制作和创造性翻译的交叉点上的分散、沉默和闭塞的各个层面。它认为,在与希腊罗马历史的接触中,这些例子既促进了我们对缺席作为一个关键习语的理解,也质疑了我们对古代如何作为“古典存在”影响我们世界的理解。
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引用次数: 0
The Music Of Iannis Xenakis’ Estranged Kassandra Iannis Xenakis《疏远的Kassandra》的音乐
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-30 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clab005
Emily Pillinger
Iannis Xenakis (1922–2001) was a radically innovative composer. Violently persecuted for his leftist activism in the Greek Civil War that followed the Second World War, he fled Greece to live the rest of his life in Paris. One of the most explicit expressions of his resultant feelings of trauma, guilt, and displacement can be found in the vocal piece he called Kassandra (1987). This demanding work requires its two performers to enact and explore the alienation experienced by the prophet Cassandra in Aeschylus’ Agamemnon. Xenakis’ Kassandra is defined by a symbiotic relationship between percussionist and vocalist, by a simultaneously controlled and improvisatory score based on extracts from Aeschylus’ Agamemnon, and by a striking use of the baritone singer’s falsetto as well as his chest voice. These features of the piece mark out Cassandra as ‘other’ in her origins, her sex, and her language, while also hinting that her characteristics are not entirely foreign, but are in fact understood or even shared by the very communities that initially seemed to exclude her.
Iannis Xenakis(1922–2001)是一位极具创新精神的作曲家。在第二次世界大战后的希腊内战中,他因左翼激进主义而受到暴力迫害,他逃离希腊,在巴黎度过余生。他由此产生的创伤、内疚和流离失所感的最明确表达之一可以在他称之为《Kassandra》(1987)的声乐作品中找到。这部要求很高的作品需要两位表演者来演绎和探索埃斯库罗斯的《阿伽门农》中先知卡桑德拉所经历的异化。Xenakis的Kassandra是由打击乐手和声乐家之间的共生关系、基于埃斯库罗斯的《阿伽门农》节选的同时控制和即兴配乐以及男中音歌手假声和胸部声音的惊人使用所定义的。这篇文章的这些特征在她的出身、性别和语言上都将卡桑德拉标记为“其他人”,同时也暗示她的特征并不完全是外国的,但事实上,最初似乎将她排除在外的社区理解甚至共享她的特征。
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引用次数: 0
Erratum to: Plautus goes USA: the adaptation of Rudens by the Ladies’ Literary Society of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1884 勘误表:普拉图斯去美国:1884年密苏里州圣路易斯市华盛顿大学女子文学学会改编的《鲁登斯》
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-22 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clab009
Julia Jennifer Beine
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引用次数: 0
The ‘Antipoet Of The Greeks’, or, how Euripides became a modernist “希腊人的反诗人”,或欧里庇得斯如何成为现代主义者
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-05 DOI: 10.1093/crj/claa037
K. Gabriel
This essay pursues the history of the widespread and influential claim that the ancient Greek tragedian Euripides anticipates the social concerns of modernity and the formal strategies of modernism. The claim originated at the same time as the development of the canon of German tragic criticism at the turn of the nineteenth century. Building on but importantly altering the ancient criticism of Euripides from Aristophanes and Aristotle, Friedrich and August Wilhelm Schlegel and Friedrich Schiller each understood Euripides in close and uncomfortable proximity to their own political moment. The criticism that developed out of this canon both identified Euripides as an untimely modern and produced a series of hostile appraisals of his work. In the conjuncture of modernism in the early twentieth century, professional classicists and modernist poets both accepted the claim of Euripides’ untimely modernity and transvalued its terms: the projection of a ruptural, anticipatory modernity onto Euripides allowed the tragedian to assume the cast of a fellow-traveler of the literary projects of modernism itself. Following the modernist conjuncture, the untimely modernity claim has thoroughly influenced, and frequently dominated, the translation, adaptation, and interpretation of Euripides both inside and outside the professional study of Classics.
古希腊悲剧家欧里庇德斯预见了现代性的社会关注和现代主义的形式策略,这一观点广泛而有影响力,本文探讨了这一观点的历史。这一主张起源于19世纪初德国悲剧批评经典的发展。在阿里斯托芬和亚里士多德对欧里庇德斯的古代批评的基础上,但重要的是改变了这一点,弗里德里希,奥古斯特,威廉·施莱格尔和弗里德里希·席勒对欧里庇德斯的理解与他们自己的政治时刻密切而令人不安。从这一经典中发展出来的批评,既把欧里庇德斯认定为不合时宜的现代人,又对他的作品产生了一系列敌对的评价。在二十世纪早期现代主义的紧要关头,专业古典主义者和现代主义诗人都接受了欧里庇德斯不合时宜的现代性的主张,并高估了它的术语:把一种破裂的、预期的现代性投射到欧里庇德斯身上,让悲剧作家承担了现代主义文学项目本身的旅伴角色。在现代主义思潮的冲击下,不合时宜的现代性主张彻底影响并经常支配着古典学专业内外对欧里庇德斯的翻译、改编和诠释。
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引用次数: 0
Procne in Toni Morrison’s Beloved 托尼·莫里森《宠儿》中的普罗肯
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-08-03 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clab002
S. Cullhed
Sethe Suggs, the protagonist in Toni Morrison’s novel Beloved, is often compared to Medea. The same analogy with the Colchian princess was often made by contemporaries in relation to Margaret Garner, the historical person on whose life the novel is loosely based. An enslaved African-American woman in the mid-nineteenth century, Garner killed her own daughter after being found by her former owner and was styled a ‘Modern Medea’ in the press. Despite Morrison’s dislike of the comparison as well as its obvious asymmetries, it has become so prominent in recent scholarship on Beloved that it tends to eclipse other elements of classical mythology in the novel. This article explores the hermeneutic productivity of reading Sethe’s infanticide against the backdrop of the myth of Procne and Philomela.
托尼·莫里森小说《宠儿》中的主人公塞蒂·萨格斯经常被比作美狄亚。同时代人经常将科尔奇公主与玛格丽特·加纳相提并论,小说大致以这位历史人物的生活为基础。加纳是19世纪中期一名被奴役的非裔美国妇女,在被前主人发现后杀死了自己的女儿,并被媒体称为“现代美狄亚”。尽管莫里森不喜欢这种比较及其明显的不对称性,但在最近关于《宠儿》的学术研究中,这种比较变得如此突出,以至于它往往会掩盖小说中古典神话的其他元素。本文以普罗科内和菲洛梅拉的神话为背景,探讨解读塞斯杀婴的解释学生产力。
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引用次数: 2
A good gay Odyssey: Andrew Sean Greer’s Less 精彩的同性恋奥德赛:安德鲁·肖恩·格里尔的《莱斯》
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-07-03 DOI: 10.1093/CRJ/CLAA034
Judith Fletcher
Andrew Sean Greer’s comedic novel Less is a self-reflexive version of the Odyssey, featuring a gay love story in which the narrator and his subject merge to produce a postmodern homophrosyne that recapitulates the like-mindedness of Odysseus and Penelope. Although the novel makes explicit allusions to specific events and characters of the Homeric epic, its most significant intertextuality is not inscribed in Less’s events and characters, but rather in their telling, as if by a male Penelope to whom Odysseus recounted his tales. Using the device of the mise-en-abyme, and yet disrupting the conventions of novelistic story-telling, Greer aligns the recursive structures of his text in order to intertwine theories of narratology with sexual identity.
安德鲁·肖恩·格里尔(Andrew Sean Greer)的喜剧小说《Less》是《奥德赛》的自我反思版,讲述了一个同性恋的爱情故事,叙述者和他的主人公融合在一起,产生了一种后现代的同调,再现了奥德修斯和佩内洛普的志趣相合。尽管小说对荷马史诗中的特定事件和人物有明确的暗示,但其最重要的互文性并不是写在莱斯的事件和人物身上,而是写在他们的讲述中,就像奥德修斯向一个男性佩内洛普讲述他的故事一样。格里尔运用了一种叙事手法,打破了小说叙事的传统,他将文本的递归结构对齐,以便将叙事学理论与性别身份交织在一起。
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引用次数: 0
Plautus goes USA: the adaptation of Rudens by the Ladies’ Literary Society of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, in 1884 普劳图斯去美国:1884年密苏里州圣路易斯华盛顿大学女子文学协会改编的《鲁登斯》
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-28 DOI: 10.1093/crj/clab004
Julia Jennifer Beine
This article investigates the first documented performance of a Plautine comedy in Latin in the USA. In 1884, The Ladies’ Literary Society of Washington University in St. Louis, Missouri, staged Plautus’ Rudens in Latin with an all-female cast. This performance offers a unique opportunity to analyse the Society’s understanding and interpretation of Plautus’ play as well as its adaptation for the nineteenth-century stage. Furthermore, the Society provided an English translation for its academic and especially its non-academic audience, evidence of how the Society dealt with the Plautine Latin text. Based on this translation and contemporary newspaper and journal articles, this article outlines the main characteristics of the Society’s adaptation. First, this production merits scrutiny in the historical context of staging ancient Greek and Roman plays in the USA during the late-nineteenth century, since the Society followed the trend, started by Harvard University’s staging of Sophocles’ Oedipus Tyrannus in 1881, of presenting ancient plays ‘authentically’. Nevertheless, the Society seems to have staged this Roman comedy as a feminist response to Harvard’s production of a Greek tragedy. Secondly, the Society modernised Plautus’ comedy by adding strong melodramatic elements, and thirdly, it reflected the contemporary socio-cultural context by alluding to current American concerns.
这篇文章调查了美国第一次有记录的拉丁语Plautine喜剧表演。1884年,密苏里州圣路易斯的华盛顿大学女子文学协会用全女性演员阵容上演了拉丁语Plautus‘Rudens。这次演出提供了一个独特的机会来分析学会对普劳图斯戏剧的理解和解释,以及它对19世纪舞台的改编。此外,学会为其学术界,尤其是非学术界读者提供了英文译本,证明了学会如何处理简明拉丁语文本。本文以这篇译著和当代报刊文章为基础,概述了《学会》改编的主要特点。首先,这部作品值得在19世纪末美国上演古希腊和罗马戏剧的历史背景下仔细研究,因为学会遵循了这一趋势,从1881年哈佛大学上演索福克勒斯的《俄狄浦斯·提兰努斯》开始,“真实”地呈现古代戏剧。尽管如此,该协会似乎上演了这部罗马喜剧,作为对哈佛大学制作的希腊悲剧的女权主义回应。其次,该协会通过添加强烈的情节剧元素使普拉图斯的喜剧现代化,第三,它通过暗指当前美国的担忧来反映当代社会文化背景。
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引用次数: 0
Pushing against an open door: Agamben on Hadot and Foucault 推开一扇敞开的门:阿甘本论哈多和福柯
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-14 DOI: 10.1093/CRJ/CLAB007
M. Sharpe, Matteo J. Stettler
This article provides a rejoinder to Giorgio Agamben’s interpretation of the Hadot-Foucault dialogue, which appeared in the pivotal ‘Intermezzo’ of The Use of Bodies. In ‘Pushing against the open door’ section, we provide a close reading of Agamben’s claims about Hadot’s alleged misreadings of Foucault on the ancients and on subjectivity more widely. We demonstrate how, far from rebutting Hadot, these claims end up confirming the latter’s positions on Foucault malgré Agamben. In ‘Wisdom, the cosmic dimension, and the “objectivist-exercisant” self’ section, we draw on classicist Christopher Gill’s notion of the ‘objectivist-participant’ self in Greco-Roman Antiquity, to argue that the deepest stakes of the debate between Foucault and Hadot do not implicate Hadot’s incompetence, as Agamben suggests. They concern Foucault’s unease, as well as Agamben’s misunderstanding, of the objective and participative dimensions of ancient conceptions of selfhood. In ‘The ghosts of christianities past’ section, we contest the recurrent tendency of commentators, like Agamben, to assume latent carry-overs of Hadot’s early religiosity in his later works on Greek and Roman philosophy and spiritual exercises as reflecting the long shadow of Christianity in postmodern thought.
这篇文章提供了对乔治·阿甘本(Giorgio Agamben)对哈多-福柯对话的解释的反驳,该对话出现在《身体的使用》的关键“间奏曲”中。在“推开敞开的门”一节中,我们提供了阿甘本关于哈多对福柯关于古人和更广泛的主体性的所谓误读的主张的仔细阅读。我们证明,这些主张非但没有反驳哈多,反而最终证实了后者对福柯和格里格·阿甘本的看法。在“智慧、宇宙维度和“客观主义实践者的自我”部分,我们借鉴古典主义者克里斯托弗·吉尔(Christopher Gill)关于古希腊罗马时代“客观主义参与者的自我”的概念,论证福柯和哈多之间争论的最深刻的利害关系并不意味着哈多的无能,正如阿甘本所暗示的那样。它们涉及福柯的不安,以及阿甘本对古代自我概念的客观和参与维度的误解。在“过去基督教的幽灵”一节中,我们对像阿甘本这样的评论家反复出现的趋势提出了质疑,他们认为,在哈多后来关于希腊和罗马哲学和精神练习的作品中,潜在地延续了他早期的宗教虔诚,反映了基督教在后现代思想中的长期阴影。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction: Poetics as Classical Reception 导论:作为古典接受的诗学
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/CRJ/CLAA028
Vladimir Brljak, Michael E Lazarus
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引用次数: 0
The Poetics of Comedy in Jacques Peletier Du Mans’s Art poëtique (1555) 杜曼艺术中的喜剧诗学poëtique (1555)
IF 0.2 3区 社会学 Q2 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-06-11 DOI: 10.1093/CRJ/CLAA020
L. Rayfield
This article looks at Jacques Peletier du Mans’s (1555) rhetorical and poetic treatise, Art poëtique, with a focus on his theory on comedy. It draws comparisons with Peletier’s 1541 literary treatise, which was the first translation into French of Horace’s Ars Poetica. In his 1555 treatise, Peletier developed Horace’s position on comedy into his own original theory, moulding the classical model to fit within a contemporary context and setting out the ways in which comedy most benefits early modern writers and readers. To create his theory on comedy — which was widely read in France throughout the sixteenth century — Peletier also took inspiration from other classical writers and from Italian theoreticians. Ultimately, this article helps to determine the rhetorical and theoretical position of comedy in France in the mid-sixteenth century, in relation to its classical and Italian counterparts. It also deepens and broadens our understanding of Peletier’s literary theory. Despite being one of the most prominent French literary treatises of the period, Peletier’s approach to comedy has been overlooked in scholarship, and many of his models have not been identified.
本文着眼于Jacques Peletier du Mans(1555)的修辞和诗歌论文Art poëtique,重点关注他的喜剧理论。它与珀雷蒂埃1541年的文学论文进行了比较,这是贺拉斯的Ars Poetica的第一次翻译成法语。在他1555年的论文中,Peletier将贺拉斯对喜剧的立场发展成他自己的原创理论,将经典模型塑造成适合当代背景的模型,并阐述了喜剧最有利于早期现代作家和读者的方式。为了创造他的喜剧理论——在整个16世纪在法国广为流传——佩列捷还从其他古典作家和意大利理论家那里获得了灵感。最终,本文有助于确定16世纪中期法国喜剧的修辞和理论地位,以及与古典和意大利同类作品的关系。这也加深和拓宽了我们对佩雷蒂埃文学理论的理解。尽管佩雷蒂埃是这一时期最杰出的法国文学专著之一,但他对喜剧的研究方法却被学术界所忽视,他的许多模式也没有得到确认。
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引用次数: 0
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Classical Receptions Journal
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