Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76010
Angela Saward
The focus of this article is on a discrete group of videos that are, for the most part, held at Wellcome Collection in the United Kingdom. It is a case study of a ‘hidden’ archive – one that was almost lost, and certainly overlooked, of the closed-circuit television output from a university department. This department, the University of London Audio-Visual Centre, produced a large corpus of postgraduate medical educational video programmes from 1971– 1991. The article looks at the initial technological optimism, the ‘ideology’ and passion behind this endeavour through the lenses of an influential governmental report and those archives relating to this department. These documents reveal the myriad problems in meeting their original objective. The legacy of two decades of media production, represented by a small selection of videos, had long-term impacts in the educational sector and, arguably, democratised audio-visual education for postgraduate students engaged in the medical disciplines.
{"title":"‘Television Discourses’: how the University of London’s Audio-Visual Centre professionalised and democratised the televisual lecture for postgraduate medical students","authors":"Angela Saward","doi":"10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76010","url":null,"abstract":"The focus of this article is on a discrete group of videos that are, for the most part, held at Wellcome Collection in the United Kingdom. It is a case study of a ‘hidden’ archive – one that was almost lost, and certainly overlooked, of the closed-circuit television output from a university department. This department, the University of London Audio-Visual Centre, produced a large corpus of postgraduate medical educational video programmes from 1971– 1991. The article looks at the initial technological optimism, the ‘ideology’ and passion behind this endeavour through the lenses of an influential governmental report and those archives relating to this department. These documents reveal the myriad problems in meeting their original objective. The legacy of two decades of media production, represented by a small selection of videos, had long-term impacts in the educational sector and, arguably, democratised audio-visual education for postgraduate students engaged in the medical disciplines.","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46273161","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601016
Flurin Condrau
{"title":"Schürer, Christian: Der Traum von Heilung. Eine Geschichte der Höhenkur zur Behandlung der Lungentuberkulose. Baden, Verlag Hier und Jetzt, 2017. 320 S. Ill. CHF. 59.-. ISBN 978-3-03919-413-1 (e-book: 978-3-03919-922-8)","authors":"Flurin Condrau","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45318885","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601020
Bertrand Müller
{"title":"Science in the Archives. Pasts, Presents, Futures. Edited by Lorraine Daston. Chicago, the University Press of Chicago, 2017. 392 p. Ill. $ 37.50. ISBN 978-0-2264-3236-6 (e-book: 978-0-2264-3253-3)","authors":"Bertrand Müller","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44325589","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601014
U. Wiesing
{"title":"Roelcke, Volker: Vom Menschen in der Medizin. Für eine kulturwissenschaftlich kompetente Heilkunde. Gießen, Psychosozial-Verlag, 2017. 199 S. € 22.90. ISBN 978-3-8379-2690-3 (e-book: 978-3-8379-7333-4)","authors":"U. Wiesing","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44189683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601007
Dolores Pilar Martín Moruno
{"title":"Blázquez Ornat, Isabel: El practicante. El nacimiento de una nueva profesión sanitaria en Españ a. Madrid, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científi cas, 2017. 468 p. (Estudios sobre la ciencia, no. 70). € 32.70. ISBN 978-84-00-10304-0 (e-book: 978-84-00-10305-7)","authors":"Dolores Pilar Martín Moruno","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601007","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47058246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601013
Hervé Guillemain
{"title":"Martinović, Jelena: Mort imminente. Genèse d’un phénomène scientifi que et culturel. Genève, MétisPresses, 2017. 224 p. (Collection Fabrica). 224 p. CHF 24.–. ISBN 978-2-94-0563-14-2 (e-book available)","authors":"Hervé Guillemain","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46765719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.1163/22977953-07601021
Editors Gesnerus
{"title":"Books Received","authors":"Editors Gesnerus","doi":"10.1163/22977953-07601021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/22977953-07601021","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43396888","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76013
Philippe Chavot, A. Masseran
This paper shows the influence of media coverage for the fate of heart transplantation in France. It argues that the media’s support not only reinforced the graft’s medical legitimacy, but also sustained the practice by mobilizing public support. Our study focuses on two peaks in media coverage. The first took place in 1968/69, as the first grafts in the world and in France were performed. The second occurred in 1973, when surgeries resumed in France following a four-year hiatus due to the mixed results of the early operations. French transplants were then largely covered on TV and in newspapers. We examine the reasons for these peaks in coverage and the underlying rationales of the alliance between French surgeons and journalists. Cross-analysis of TV and print productions sheds light on the media devices used to enlist the general public’s moral support. It shows that state television proved an effective platform for doctors, allowing for a different kind of storytelling than in newspapers.
{"title":"Surgical Emotions: How TV and Newspaper Coverage Furthered the Cause of Heart Transplantation in France (1968–1973)","authors":"Philippe Chavot, A. Masseran","doi":"10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76013","url":null,"abstract":"This paper shows the influence of media coverage for the fate of heart transplantation in France. It argues that the media’s support not only reinforced the graft’s medical legitimacy, but also sustained the practice by mobilizing public support. Our study focuses on two peaks in media coverage. The first took place in 1968/69, as the first grafts in the world and in France were performed. The second occurred in 1973, when surgeries resumed in France following a four-year hiatus due to the mixed results of the early operations. French transplants were then largely covered on TV and in newspapers. We examine the reasons for these peaks in coverage and the underlying rationales of the alliance between French surgeons and journalists. Cross-analysis of TV and print productions sheds light on the media devices used to enlist the general public’s moral support. It shows that state television proved an effective platform for doctors, allowing for a different kind of storytelling than in newspapers.","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43184473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76012
Stefanie Offermann
This paper argues that the historical trajectories of television and cardiovascular disease prevention in the German Democratic Republic are interlocking. These diseases were largely understood as caused by an unhealthy modern lifestyle. Healthcare experts were convinced that health education was an effective strategy to persuade the population to follow a healthy lifestyle. With its rise as a new mass medium, health educators increasingly relied on television as a means to put their message across. Yet the new medium itself was a target of health education measures as excessive TV consumption was considered a potential threat to cardiovascular health. This article deals with the history of health-related problematizations of TV consumption. In the 1950s and early 1960s, during an animated discourse on the strain of a modern lifestyle television was considered a potential source of overstimulation of the nervous system. As this article argues, this interpretation was undermined by a modified concept of TV consumption within the discourse of empirical audience research.
{"title":"“Now even Television is Promoting Health?” On the Intertwined History of Television and Cardiovascular Disease Prevention in the German Democratic Republic, 1950s–1970s","authors":"Stefanie Offermann","doi":"10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24894/gesn-en.2019.76012","url":null,"abstract":"This paper argues that the historical trajectories of television and cardiovascular disease prevention in the German Democratic Republic are interlocking. These diseases were largely understood as caused by an unhealthy modern lifestyle. Healthcare experts were convinced that health education was an effective strategy to persuade the population to follow a healthy lifestyle. With its rise as a new mass medium, health educators increasingly relied on television as a means to put their message across. Yet the new medium itself was a target of health education measures as excessive TV consumption was considered a potential threat to cardiovascular health. This article deals with the history of health-related problematizations of TV consumption. In the 1950s and early 1960s, during an animated discourse on the strain of a modern lifestyle television was considered a potential source of overstimulation of the nervous system. As this article argues, this interpretation was undermined by a modified concept of TV consumption within the discourse of empirical audience research.","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42378398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-11-06DOI: 10.24894/gesn-fr.2019.76001
Sarah Carvallo, Sarah Carvallo
The concept of health forms a main issue for the medical theory. In as much as it depends on a special time, place, epistemology and metaphysics, it gets a specifi c thickness. In the modern medicine of the years 1630–1670s, on the one hand, it delineates an ideal characterised by a just proportion, that anatomy studies; on the other hand, a frequency noticed by new technologies of knowledge. Those scientifi c reorganizations bear a new conception of health in the frame of a political anatomy, which aims not only to cure, but also to prevent epidemics and optimize the general state of the population. The alternative to generalizing individual data through two anatomical objects – either through the humani corporis fabrica or the «politick body» – captures the thickness of modern health conception, which characterizes the cumulative ways of proceeding in science inducing a foliated pluralism in western medicine.
{"title":"Les styles de raisonnement médical à l’épreuve du concept de santé dans les années 1630–1670","authors":"Sarah Carvallo, Sarah Carvallo","doi":"10.24894/gesn-fr.2019.76001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24894/gesn-fr.2019.76001","url":null,"abstract":"The concept of health forms a main issue for the medical theory. In as much as it depends on a special time, place, epistemology and metaphysics, it gets a specifi c thickness. In the modern medicine of the years 1630–1670s, on the one hand, it delineates an ideal characterised by a just proportion, that anatomy studies; on the other hand, a frequency noticed by new technologies of knowledge. Those scientifi c reorganizations bear a new conception of health in the frame of a political anatomy, which aims not only to cure, but also to prevent epidemics and optimize the general state of the population. The alternative to generalizing individual data through two anatomical objects – either through the humani corporis fabrica or the «politick body» – captures the thickness of modern health conception, which characterizes the cumulative ways of proceeding in science inducing a foliated pluralism in western medicine.","PeriodicalId":42764,"journal":{"name":"Gesnerus-Swiss Journal of the History of Medicine and Sciences","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42670731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：