Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.7
Rosario Ceruso
Purpose: The aim is to measure the effect this reform has had on internal stakeholders (coaches, instructors, personal trainers, educators). Method: A questionnaire was administered to 60 subjects, comprising former athletes, trainers and technicians in sports. The questions were divided into 3 parts: in the first part identifying the sample, in the second part assessing the sample’s knowledge inherent in Article 41 of Legislative Decree no. 36 of February 28, 2021, and finally in the third part assessing the subjects’ perception and opinion of the figure of the basic kinesiologist. A descriptive statistic, then a chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception. Results: The results showed a difference of opinion among stakeholders. The 25.4 % who say they are aware of the sports labor reform believe that the figure of the kinesiologist is very important within the corporate context, in contrast to the stakeholders who are not aware of the sports reform, but not in detail (67 %) and consider the presence of the kinesiologist within the corporate organizational chart not important (P=.001). Conclusions: There is a good little knowledge of the reform on the part of internal stakeholders and a general skepticism toward the professional figure of the basic kinesiologist. Keywords: Kinesiologist, epistemology of sports science, role of stakeholders
{"title":"Impact of the new professional profile of the basic kinesiologist on internal stakeholders","authors":"Rosario Ceruso","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim is to measure the effect this reform has had on internal stakeholders (coaches, instructors, personal trainers, educators). Method: A questionnaire was administered to 60 subjects, comprising former athletes, trainers and technicians in sports. The questions were divided into 3 parts: in the first part identifying the sample, in the second part assessing the sample’s knowledge inherent in Article 41 of Legislative Decree no. 36 of February 28, 2021, and finally in the third part assessing the subjects’ perception and opinion of the figure of the basic kinesiologist. A descriptive statistic, then a chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception. Results: The results showed a difference of opinion among stakeholders. The 25.4 % who say they are aware of the sports labor reform believe that the figure of the kinesiologist is very important within the corporate context, in contrast to the stakeholders who are not aware of the sports reform, but not in detail (67 %) and consider the presence of the kinesiologist within the corporate organizational chart not important (P=.001). Conclusions: There is a good little knowledge of the reform on the part of internal stakeholders and a general skepticism toward the professional figure of the basic kinesiologist. Keywords: Kinesiologist, epistemology of sports science, role of stakeholders","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.4
Tiziana D’Isanto
Purpose: In Italy, the 2022 Budget Law, established the compulsory curricular teaching of physical education (PE) by the specialist teacher, with a master’s degree in exercise and sport sciences, in classes IV and V of primary school to achieve the objectives of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, inherent in the assumption of behaviors and lifestyles appropriate to the harmonious development of the children. Since the impact studies of many internal stakeholders in primary schools have already been done, it remained to extend the impact study among school headmasters. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the perceptions of school headmasters on PE teaching and to verify the variables that could influence their opinions, to complete the study on the impact the reform has produced. Methods: The sample consisted of 32 primary school headmasters from Naples and province, who filled out a questionnaire to investigate their perceptions on PE teaching. Chi Square (X2) was performed to test the associations between variables. Results: 96.9% of headmasters favoured the introduction of the specialist teacher in PE and the compulsory teaching of PE, as it was considered essential. The perceptions of the need of a specific education to teach PE influenced both the importance of PE and the way it should be included in the school curriculum. Conclusions: Most of headmasters were aware that teaching PE required a specific education, possessed by the specialist teacher, wishing for its introduction in all primary school classes. Knowing the perceptions of school headmasters is crucial because, they can influence how PE is taught in the school, essential to ensure proper mental and physical development of the children and to counteract problems related to the need for movement. Keywords: perceptions; specialist teacher; generalist teacher; children wellbeing; headmasters.
{"title":"Physical education in primary school and impact on educational leadership","authors":"Tiziana D’Isanto","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: In Italy, the 2022 Budget Law, established the compulsory curricular teaching of physical education (PE) by the specialist teacher, with a master’s degree in exercise and sport sciences, in classes IV and V of primary school to achieve the objectives of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan, inherent in the assumption of behaviors and lifestyles appropriate to the harmonious development of the children. Since the impact studies of many internal stakeholders in primary schools have already been done, it remained to extend the impact study among school headmasters. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the perceptions of school headmasters on PE teaching and to verify the variables that could influence their opinions, to complete the study on the impact the reform has produced. Methods: The sample consisted of 32 primary school headmasters from Naples and province, who filled out a questionnaire to investigate their perceptions on PE teaching. Chi Square (X2) was performed to test the associations between variables. Results: 96.9% of headmasters favoured the introduction of the specialist teacher in PE and the compulsory teaching of PE, as it was considered essential. The perceptions of the need of a specific education to teach PE influenced both the importance of PE and the way it should be included in the school curriculum. Conclusions: Most of headmasters were aware that teaching PE required a specific education, possessed by the specialist teacher, wishing for its introduction in all primary school classes. Knowing the perceptions of school headmasters is crucial because, they can influence how PE is taught in the school, essential to ensure proper mental and physical development of the children and to counteract problems related to the need for movement. Keywords: perceptions; specialist teacher; generalist teacher; children wellbeing; headmasters.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.1
Zied Abbes, Abdel-Salam Gomaa, Senaid Al-Marri, Monoem Haddad
Purposeː In swimming, elbow extension and flexion are among the most important movements involved in the front crawl upper body propulsive phase. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of young swimmers in relation to 200-m performance. Methods: 16 male swimmers (Age: 13.13 ± 2.06y; Body Mass: 60.88 ± 18.58 kg; Height: 164.75 ± 13.77cm) underwent three laboratory tests followed by a 200m swim-test. Results: There was a significant relationship between the isometric elbow strength and 200-m speed (P < .05). Results also showed a significant relationship between the isokinetic contractions at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow flexors and swimming performance (P < .05). However, the relationship between the isokinetic contractions at the angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow extensors and swimming performance was not significant (P > .05). There was no significant relationship between the values of the anaerobic and peak power and 200-m speed (P > .05) following the Wingate test. The variable “Isokinetic – Acceleration Time (msec) - Flexion 180°/sec” had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.001, P-value = .029; R2 = .298, Adj R2 = .248), while the variable “Isokinetic - Acceleration Time (msec) - Extension 60°/sec” also had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.006, p-value = .013; R2 = .368, Adj R2 = .323).Conclusions: Assessment of physical characteristics may help coaches understand the potential of their swimmers in a specific swimming event. Therefore, talented swimmers may be identified at an early age. Keywords: performance; isometric; contraction; isokinetic; elbow; Wingate.
{"title":"Relationship between physical characteristics and 200-metre swimming performance in young amateur swimmers","authors":"Zied Abbes, Abdel-Salam Gomaa, Senaid Al-Marri, Monoem Haddad","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"Purposeː In swimming, elbow extension and flexion are among the most important movements involved in the front crawl upper body propulsive phase. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the characteristics of young swimmers in relation to 200-m performance. Methods: 16 male swimmers (Age: 13.13 ± 2.06y; Body Mass: 60.88 ± 18.58 kg; Height: 164.75 ± 13.77cm) underwent three laboratory tests followed by a 200m swim-test. Results: There was a significant relationship between the isometric elbow strength and 200-m speed (P < .05). Results also showed a significant relationship between the isokinetic contractions at angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow flexors and swimming performance (P < .05). However, the relationship between the isokinetic contractions at the angular velocities of 60°/sec and 180°/sec of elbow extensors and swimming performance was not significant (P > .05). There was no significant relationship between the values of the anaerobic and peak power and 200-m speed (P > .05) following the Wingate test. The variable “Isokinetic – Acceleration Time (msec) - Flexion 180°/sec” had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.001, P-value = .029; R2 = .298, Adj R2 = .248), while the variable “Isokinetic - Acceleration Time (msec) - Extension 60°/sec” also had a significant and negative effect on speeds (B = -.006, p-value = .013; R2 = .368, Adj R2 = .323).Conclusions: Assessment of physical characteristics may help coaches understand the potential of their swimmers in a specific swimming event. Therefore, talented swimmers may be identified at an early age. Keywords: performance; isometric; contraction; isokinetic; elbow; Wingate.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.8
Gaetano Raiola
Purpose: The study aims to measure and verify the relationship between the distribution of European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in the three essential fields (biomedical, physical activity-sports and psycho-pedagogical) related to the master's degrees in sport science and techniques (LM-68) and science of preventive and adapted physical activities (LM-67) and in the three essential fields (physical activity-sports, economic-legal and psycho-sociological) of the master's degrees in sport management (LM-47). Method: The method is document-based. Using Universitaly portal, data on ECTS numerosity in the three essential fields for each degree course were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to predict the value of a dependent variable based on the value of other two independent variables. Results: The predominant field for LM-67 is biomedical, in LM68 physical activity-sports and in LM-47 economic-legal, all with high degrees of variation. Regarding the distribution of ECTS in the three essential fields in LM-68 and LM-47, the result is not statistically significant (P >.05). No one area can predict the other two, therefore, there is no relationship underlying the degree course designs. In LM-67, the ECTS of the biomedical field predict significantly those in the physical activitysports and psycho-pedagogical ones (P < .05). Conclusion: The results show that only in LM-67 there is a relationship between ECTS distribution in the three essential field, in which the ECTS in biomedical field predict how ECTS in the other two fields are distributed, showing a certain degree of agreement among universities on how to distribute them. Keywords: core curricula, master’s degree, kinesiologist, sports reform
{"title":"University education for physical education teachers, sports and preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologists and sports manager","authors":"Gaetano Raiola","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The study aims to measure and verify the relationship between the distribution of European Credit Transfer System (ECTS) in the three essential fields (biomedical, physical activity-sports and psycho-pedagogical) related to the master's degrees in sport science and techniques (LM-68) and science of preventive and adapted physical activities (LM-67) and in the three essential fields (physical activity-sports, economic-legal and psycho-sociological) of the master's degrees in sport management (LM-47). Method: The method is document-based. Using Universitaly portal, data on ECTS numerosity in the three essential fields for each degree course were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to predict the value of a dependent variable based on the value of other two independent variables. Results: The predominant field for LM-67 is biomedical, in LM68 physical activity-sports and in LM-47 economic-legal, all with high degrees of variation. Regarding the distribution of ECTS in the three essential fields in LM-68 and LM-47, the result is not statistically significant (P >.05). No one area can predict the other two, therefore, there is no relationship underlying the degree course designs. In LM-67, the ECTS of the biomedical field predict significantly those in the physical activitysports and psycho-pedagogical ones (P < .05). Conclusion: The results show that only in LM-67 there is a relationship between ECTS distribution in the three essential field, in which the ECTS in biomedical field predict how ECTS in the other two fields are distributed, showing a certain degree of agreement among universities on how to distribute them. Keywords: core curricula, master’s degree, kinesiologist, sports reform","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.10
Gaetano Altavilla
Purpose: This study aims to understand the impact that this reform has had on sport sciences masterly students in Italy, in terms of perceptions and opinions, and what kind of feedback it has had in their university education, in terms of coherence. Methods: The sample represents 288 sport sciences masterly students divided into sports kinesiologist (N=162) mean age of 25.7 (± 5.7); kinesiologist of preventive and adapted physical activities (N=66) mean age of 27.3 (± 7.1); sports manager (N=60) mean age of 27.4 (± 9.3). A questionnaire submitted through Google Forms and sent to masterly students of the University of Salento and Salerno was used. The data (age, gender, university provenance and current study path) were presented as means and standard deviations, while the percentage frequency of responses was reported for each item, using the chi-squared test. The level of significance was set with P <.05. Results: The knowledge of the sport reform and the impact of the sport reform among the 3 masterly classes gave a not statistically significant result (P=.30; P=.63). The perceptions of job opportunities and strengths offered by this reform, for each of the professional figures, gave a significant result (P=.0001; P=.0001). The coherence of one’s university education with the respective professional profile was found to be significant (P=.0001; P=.01). Conclusions: The knowledge of the sport reform is homogeneous in the 3 masterly classes analysed. Regarding perceptions on job opportunities, sports kinesiologist (LM68) and preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologist (LM67) courses are affected by the spaces already occupied by sports federations and health figures; while sports manager (LM47) showed some confidence in the new opportunities that this profile offers. Finally, some reflections emerged regarding the need to have a university education more coherence with the professional profile. Keywords: reform, physical education, professional profiles, perspectives.
{"title":"Impact of new professional profiles of the sports kinesiologist, preventive and adapted motor activities kinesiologist and of sports manager in the current university education","authors":"Gaetano Altavilla","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to understand the impact that this reform has had on sport sciences masterly students in Italy, in terms of perceptions and opinions, and what kind of feedback it has had in their university education, in terms of coherence. Methods: The sample represents 288 sport sciences masterly students divided into sports kinesiologist (N=162) mean age of 25.7 (± 5.7); kinesiologist of preventive and adapted physical activities (N=66) mean age of 27.3 (± 7.1); sports manager (N=60) mean age of 27.4 (± 9.3). A questionnaire submitted through Google Forms and sent to masterly students of the University of Salento and Salerno was used. The data (age, gender, university provenance and current study path) were presented as means and standard deviations, while the percentage frequency of responses was reported for each item, using the chi-squared test. The level of significance was set with P <.05. Results: The knowledge of the sport reform and the impact of the sport reform among the 3 masterly classes gave a not statistically significant result (P=.30; P=.63). The perceptions of job opportunities and strengths offered by this reform, for each of the professional figures, gave a significant result (P=.0001; P=.0001). The coherence of one’s university education with the respective professional profile was found to be significant (P=.0001; P=.01). Conclusions: The knowledge of the sport reform is homogeneous in the 3 masterly classes analysed. Regarding perceptions on job opportunities, sports kinesiologist (LM68) and preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologist (LM67) courses are affected by the spaces already occupied by sports federations and health figures; while sports manager (LM47) showed some confidence in the new opportunities that this profile offers. Finally, some reflections emerged regarding the need to have a university education more coherence with the professional profile. Keywords: reform, physical education, professional profiles, perspectives.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135609047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.2
Felice Di Domenico
Purpose: The wellness and fitness companies, that provide physical and sports educational services, have to apply the recent reform of physical activity and sport reform of the job of the new professional profile in physical exercise of “kinesiologist of preventive and adapted physical activities” established by the new Italian legislation. Kinesiologists, personal trainers, and physiotherapists represent internal stakeholders, and their perception and opinions are important to identify the stakeholders’ demands and expectations for the pursuit of its corporate goals. The aim was to measure the impact of the professional figure on internal stakeholders because of the new legislative provisions, also about the role he or she holds and his or her ability to fulfil the functions of the kinesiologist role. The impact is identified by the measure of the effect of the innovative legislation on knowledge, perceptions and opinions regarding. Method: Participants at the study were 64 professionals (average age 32±8 years) carrying out their professional activity in the Campania region. A questionnaire of 12 questions distributed in 3 sections was sent out: 1) identification of the sample; 2) new legislative knowledge; 3) perceptions on the ability to perform kinesiologist functions. In addition to descriptive statistics, Chi Square and Cramer’s V were used to measure correlations. Results: The findings indicate a correlation between the professionals’ current roles and their responses (P<.05). Physiotherapists show partial support (Cramer’s V=.589) for the integration of the LM-67 degree in the workforce, while kinesiologists exhibit stronger support (Cramer’s V=.298) for a specialized master’s degree as the most suitable training pathway for prescribing re-educational exercises. Conclusions: The impact of the establishment of the new professional profile is also of interest with respect to the definition of the roles of the different professional figures within gyms and sports centers. Keywords: Kinesiologist, physical activity, epistemology of motor sciences, role of stakeholders.
{"title":"Impact of the new professional profile of the preventive and adapted physical activities kinesiologist on internal stakeholders","authors":"Felice Di Domenico","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The wellness and fitness companies, that provide physical and sports educational services, have to apply the recent reform of physical activity and sport reform of the job of the new professional profile in physical exercise of “kinesiologist of preventive and adapted physical activities” established by the new Italian legislation. Kinesiologists, personal trainers, and physiotherapists represent internal stakeholders, and their perception and opinions are important to identify the stakeholders’ demands and expectations for the pursuit of its corporate goals. The aim was to measure the impact of the professional figure on internal stakeholders because of the new legislative provisions, also about the role he or she holds and his or her ability to fulfil the functions of the kinesiologist role. The impact is identified by the measure of the effect of the innovative legislation on knowledge, perceptions and opinions regarding. Method: Participants at the study were 64 professionals (average age 32±8 years) carrying out their professional activity in the Campania region. A questionnaire of 12 questions distributed in 3 sections was sent out: 1) identification of the sample; 2) new legislative knowledge; 3) perceptions on the ability to perform kinesiologist functions. In addition to descriptive statistics, Chi Square and Cramer’s V were used to measure correlations. Results: The findings indicate a correlation between the professionals’ current roles and their responses (P<.05). Physiotherapists show partial support (Cramer’s V=.589) for the integration of the LM-67 degree in the workforce, while kinesiologists exhibit stronger support (Cramer’s V=.298) for a specialized master’s degree as the most suitable training pathway for prescribing re-educational exercises. Conclusions: The impact of the establishment of the new professional profile is also of interest with respect to the definition of the roles of the different professional figures within gyms and sports centers. Keywords: Kinesiologist, physical activity, epistemology of motor sciences, role of stakeholders.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135612344","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.5
Francesca D’Elia
Purpose: The recent curricular reform of PE in primary schools has revealed several problematic issues, including the different training among the generalist teacher, a graduated in primary teacher education sciences, who taught in I, II and III classes, and the specialist in exercise and sport science, who taught in IV and V classes. A comprehensive study is required to investigate the impact of this legislative innovation on primary teacher education students, who are future generalist teachers, at two separate sites, in order to include the perspective of trainees as internal stakeholders. The aim was to investigate the perceptions of primary teacher education students on the compulsory teaching of PE, as well as the adequacy of their training to teach PE, and to verify which variables could influence their perceptions on PE teaching. Methods: The sample consisted of 281 primary teacher education students from two south Italy Universities, who completed an ad-hoc questionnaire, focused on their experiences as a trainee, the adequacy of their training to teach PE and the importance of the specialist teacher in PE. Data were analyzed using Chi Square (X2). P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Students considered important the introduction of the specialist teacher in primary school to teach PE (76.4 %), because of the perceived inadequacy of own training (49.3%). Observing PE lessons increased perceptions of preparation to design lessons using heuristic and prescriptive methods (P =.03). Students who considered important the PE specialist in primary school, believed that it should be present in the curricular teaching of PE (P =.00). The perceived adequacy of own training to teach PE increased the perceived competence to assess children’s physical competences (P =.00) and the usefulness of this practice (P =.00). Prescriptive teaching was considered the most effective method (P =.00). Conclusions: Future generalist teachers showed interest for the discipline but demonstrated training gaps, such as children’s movement assessment and general training on PE, that need to be filled using a comprehensive and experiential approach. Academic institutions should use this information to improve student’s training for PE teaching, since the role of specialist teacher is currently provided only for V and IV classes. Keywords: sports reform; generalist teacher; health promotion; core curricula; university training.
{"title":"Physical education in primary school and impact on primary teacher education students from two different university sites","authors":"Francesca D’Elia","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The recent curricular reform of PE in primary schools has revealed several problematic issues, including the different training among the generalist teacher, a graduated in primary teacher education sciences, who taught in I, II and III classes, and the specialist in exercise and sport science, who taught in IV and V classes. A comprehensive study is required to investigate the impact of this legislative innovation on primary teacher education students, who are future generalist teachers, at two separate sites, in order to include the perspective of trainees as internal stakeholders. The aim was to investigate the perceptions of primary teacher education students on the compulsory teaching of PE, as well as the adequacy of their training to teach PE, and to verify which variables could influence their perceptions on PE teaching. Methods: The sample consisted of 281 primary teacher education students from two south Italy Universities, who completed an ad-hoc questionnaire, focused on their experiences as a trainee, the adequacy of their training to teach PE and the importance of the specialist teacher in PE. Data were analyzed using Chi Square (X2). P < .05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Students considered important the introduction of the specialist teacher in primary school to teach PE (76.4 %), because of the perceived inadequacy of own training (49.3%). Observing PE lessons increased perceptions of preparation to design lessons using heuristic and prescriptive methods (P =.03). Students who considered important the PE specialist in primary school, believed that it should be present in the curricular teaching of PE (P =.00). The perceived adequacy of own training to teach PE increased the perceived competence to assess children’s physical competences (P =.00) and the usefulness of this practice (P =.00). Prescriptive teaching was considered the most effective method (P =.00). Conclusions: Future generalist teachers showed interest for the discipline but demonstrated training gaps, such as children’s movement assessment and general training on PE, that need to be filled using a comprehensive and experiential approach. Academic institutions should use this information to improve student’s training for PE teaching, since the role of specialist teacher is currently provided only for V and IV classes. Keywords: sports reform; generalist teacher; health promotion; core curricula; university training.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.3
Sara Aliberti
Purpose: The aim was to verify the presence of a relationship between the distribution of ECTS in the three essential fields in L-22 courses. Method: The survey was document-based, using the Universitaly portal, a platform that allows for all the data of undergraduate and higher education courses in Italy. Data were collected on the ECTS present in the three essential fields in L-22 courses in the year 2023, for a total of 43 study courses. A multiple linear regression was performed to predict the value of a variable based on the value of two or more independent variables. Results: The result was statistically significant (P<.05) when the dependent variable was the ECTS related to the biomedical area. The psycho-educational and physical activity-sports areas significantly predicted the ECTS of the biomedical one. Therefore, the training courses seemed to be established based on a criterion. Conclusions: In designing the L-22 curricula, the distribution of ECTS was not due to chance, but was dependent on the biomedical area, inconsistent with the professional figure of the basic kinesiologist. Therefore, there is a need to redesign the L-22 curricula to make the training more focused on physical activity-sports area. Keywords: core curricula; bachelor’s degree; basis kinesiologist; sports reform
{"title":"University training of the basic kinesiologist","authors":"Sara Aliberti","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim was to verify the presence of a relationship between the distribution of ECTS in the three essential fields in L-22 courses. Method: The survey was document-based, using the Universitaly portal, a platform that allows for all the data of undergraduate and higher education courses in Italy. Data were collected on the ECTS present in the three essential fields in L-22 courses in the year 2023, for a total of 43 study courses. A multiple linear regression was performed to predict the value of a variable based on the value of two or more independent variables. Results: The result was statistically significant (P<.05) when the dependent variable was the ECTS related to the biomedical area. The psycho-educational and physical activity-sports areas significantly predicted the ECTS of the biomedical one. Therefore, the training courses seemed to be established based on a criterion. Conclusions: In designing the L-22 curricula, the distribution of ECTS was not due to chance, but was dependent on the biomedical area, inconsistent with the professional figure of the basic kinesiologist. Therefore, there is a need to redesign the L-22 curricula to make the training more focused on physical activity-sports area. Keywords: core curricula; bachelor’s degree; basis kinesiologist; sports reform","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.6
Giovanni Esposito
Purpose: This study aims to understand internal stakeholders’ perceptions of the new legislative provisions introduced in Italy regarding the professional figure of the sports manager, and to evaluate their understanding and the concrete application of these provisions. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 60 presidents and managers of sports associations and clubs in the province of Salerno. The questions seek to probe stakeholders’ perceptions on the liking, appropriateness, and usefulness of sports manager. The validity and reliability of the questions were calculated. A chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception. Results: From the results, it was possible to appreciate a discordance of opinions between the stakeholders. Differences in perception emerged concerning the conviction that this professional figure should be integrated within the sports organization chart (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001), for the contribution that the manager can make in terms of improvement to the sports company (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001) and for the most appropriate training path for exercising this profession (χ2 = 7.76; P =.001). Conclusions: The perceptual contradictions found in the stakeholders’ answers show how the complexity of the recent regulatory provisions and the assumed equivalences to the title of sports manager have generated additional confusion compared to the ordinary one. Keywords: exercise and sport sciences, manager, sports law, professional sport profile
{"title":"The profile of the sports manager between training misunderstandings and impact on internal stakeholders","authors":"Giovanni Esposito","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aims to understand internal stakeholders’ perceptions of the new legislative provisions introduced in Italy regarding the professional figure of the sports manager, and to evaluate their understanding and the concrete application of these provisions. Methods: A questionnaire was administered to 60 presidents and managers of sports associations and clubs in the province of Salerno. The questions seek to probe stakeholders’ perceptions on the liking, appropriateness, and usefulness of sports manager. The validity and reliability of the questions were calculated. A chi-square (χ2) analysis was performed to check for significant differences in perception. Results: From the results, it was possible to appreciate a discordance of opinions between the stakeholders. Differences in perception emerged concerning the conviction that this professional figure should be integrated within the sports organization chart (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001), for the contribution that the manager can make in terms of improvement to the sports company (χ2 = 7.84; P = .001) and for the most appropriate training path for exercising this profession (χ2 = 7.76; P =.001). Conclusions: The perceptual contradictions found in the stakeholders’ answers show how the complexity of the recent regulatory provisions and the assumed equivalences to the title of sports manager have generated additional confusion compared to the ordinary one. Keywords: exercise and sport sciences, manager, sports law, professional sport profile","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.9
Szymon Kulis, Matej Chren, Jan Gajewski
Purpose: This study aimed to identify the potential relationship between scores given by judges and kinematic variables used to characterise the sway movement in the Viennese waltz as performed by dance sport athletes. Methods: The study involved six world-class and six intermediate dance couples. The pairs were asked to perform three identical series of three natural spins of the figure in a Viennese waltz and were all recorded by camera as they danced to music. Six international adjudicators evaluated all trials of each couple from the viewpoint of the technical quality component based on the Absolute Judging System. A triaxial rotational angular velocity measurement device (gyroscope) was placed on the dorsal part of the pelvic girdle and on the posterior part of the thorax of every athlete. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that maximum angular rotation velocities of the thoracic spine in forward sway movements (in the transverse plane) in male dancers were strongly associated with the judging score obtained (F1,9 = 11.5; P < .05; ηp 2 = .05) regardless of the assignment to the given group. Conclusion: According to the study conducted and a comparison of elite and intermediate level athletes, the proposed method of assessing, presenting and reviewing the movement profile of the pelvic girdle and thoracic movement is likely to become useful for the overall assessment of movement technique, and also for carrying out quick and effective qualitative and quantitative biomechanical assessment of selected components of movement technique in dance sport. Keywords: Standard style, technique, ballroom dancing, Viennese waltz, absolute judging system.
{"title":"Kinematic analysis of sway motions of elite dance sport competitors","authors":"Szymon Kulis, Matej Chren, Jan Gajewski","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2023.17.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: This study aimed to identify the potential relationship between scores given by judges and kinematic variables used to characterise the sway movement in the Viennese waltz as performed by dance sport athletes. Methods: The study involved six world-class and six intermediate dance couples. The pairs were asked to perform three identical series of three natural spins of the figure in a Viennese waltz and were all recorded by camera as they danced to music. Six international adjudicators evaluated all trials of each couple from the viewpoint of the technical quality component based on the Absolute Judging System. A triaxial rotational angular velocity measurement device (gyroscope) was placed on the dorsal part of the pelvic girdle and on the posterior part of the thorax of every athlete. Results: The analysis of covariance showed that maximum angular rotation velocities of the thoracic spine in forward sway movements (in the transverse plane) in male dancers were strongly associated with the judging score obtained (F1,9 = 11.5; P < .05; ηp 2 = .05) regardless of the assignment to the given group. Conclusion: According to the study conducted and a comparison of elite and intermediate level athletes, the proposed method of assessing, presenting and reviewing the movement profile of the pelvic girdle and thoracic movement is likely to become useful for the overall assessment of movement technique, and also for carrying out quick and effective qualitative and quantitative biomechanical assessment of selected components of movement technique in dance sport. Keywords: Standard style, technique, ballroom dancing, Viennese waltz, absolute judging system.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135611923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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