Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.15
Guebli Abdelkader, Abdullah Arguz, Moh. Nanang Himawan Kusuma, N. Erkmen, O. Caliskan, Reguieg Madani
This study aimed to analyze the kinematical characteristics values of accurate penalty-kicking for Turkish football players in goalkeeper confrontation. Fifteen male Turkish Regional Amateur League players (Age: 21.08± 1.56 years old) was scanned, by two video cameras synchronous in two-dimensional (2D), placed at optical axes X&Y. the best three tries of penalty kicking performance were analyzed by video analysis Dartfish 9.0 software. Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of mean±sd, Pearson test for the correlations between all variables. A value of p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered a threshold of statistical significance. The results were shown in the ball contact phase that the distance pivot foot & ball factor has a statistically significant effect in producing accuracy (p-value=.001), and the interaction between two main factors namely the trunk and inclination body angles has a statistically significant effect with a p-value≤.05 in producing accuracy too. In addition, in the followthrough phase, we can see too the statistically significant effect in p-value≤.005 of the trunk angle, and in pvalue≤.05 of the thighs angle in producing accuracy. As a conclusion, it can be conveyed that the distance between the support leg and the ball is very decisive for the kinematic profile formed such as contraction of the abdominal muscles (trunk angle), the amortization process (the pivot leg angle), shot power (angle and length of the shot leg swing trajectory), where these aspects are significantly affected to the shot power, ball velocity and the level of accuracy.
{"title":"KINEMATICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACCURATE PENALTY-KICKING FOR TURKISH FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN GOALKEEPER CONFRONTATION","authors":"Guebli Abdelkader, Abdullah Arguz, Moh. Nanang Himawan Kusuma, N. Erkmen, O. Caliskan, Reguieg Madani","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.15","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to analyze the kinematical characteristics values of accurate penalty-kicking for Turkish football players in goalkeeper confrontation. Fifteen male Turkish Regional Amateur League players (Age: 21.08± 1.56 years old) was scanned, by two video cameras synchronous in two-dimensional (2D), placed at optical axes X&Y. the best three tries of penalty kicking performance were analyzed by video analysis Dartfish 9.0 software. Standard statistical methods were used for the calculation of mean±sd, Pearson test for the correlations between all variables. A value of p-value ≤ 0.05 was considered a threshold of statistical significance. The results were shown in the ball contact phase that the distance pivot foot & ball factor has a statistically significant effect in producing accuracy (p-value=.001), and the interaction between two main factors namely the trunk and inclination body angles has a statistically significant effect with a p-value≤.05 in producing accuracy too. In addition, in the followthrough phase, we can see too the statistically significant effect in p-value≤.005 of the trunk angle, and in pvalue≤.05 of the thighs angle in producing accuracy. As a conclusion, it can be conveyed that the distance between the support leg and the ball is very decisive for the kinematic profile formed such as contraction of the abdominal muscles (trunk angle), the amortization process (the pivot leg angle), shot power (angle and length of the shot leg swing trajectory), where these aspects are significantly affected to the shot power, ball velocity and the level of accuracy.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.1
Adrianna Banio, E. Malchrowicz-Mośko
In competitive ballroom dancing, the assessment of the aesthetics of physique directly affects the result. Although the regulations do not specify any restrictions, judges discriminate against couples with large morphological disproportions. Therefore, physique is an important determinant of selection in this discipline. The varied individual and intersexual dynamics of biological development necessitates a change of a partner during the adolescence period, as the disproportions that arise from therein disturb the fluidity of movements and aesthetics, which is subject to judges’ assessment. This paper attempts to estimate the dimorphic differences in the distribution of adipose tissue in a group of male and female dancers practicing competitive ballroom dance at the highest level. The obtained results allow concluding that systematic, multi-annual, task-oriented physical activity of dancers eliminates sex differences in the scope of adipose tissue. Most importantly, the obtained data may be helpful in the development and optimization of selection systems of dance partners for couples practicing competitive ballroom dancing.
{"title":"DYSMORPHIC DIFFERENCES IN THE DISTRIBUTION OF ADIPOSE TISSUE AMONG COMPETITIVE BALLROOM DANCERS","authors":"Adrianna Banio, E. Malchrowicz-Mośko","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.1","url":null,"abstract":"In competitive ballroom dancing, the assessment of the aesthetics of physique directly affects the result. Although the regulations do not specify any restrictions, judges discriminate against couples with large morphological disproportions. Therefore, physique is an important determinant of selection in this discipline. The varied individual and intersexual dynamics of biological development necessitates a change of a partner during the adolescence period, as the disproportions that arise from therein disturb the fluidity of movements and aesthetics, which is subject to judges’ assessment. This paper attempts to estimate the dimorphic differences in the distribution of adipose tissue in a group of male and female dancers practicing competitive ballroom dance at the highest level. The obtained results allow concluding that systematic, multi-annual, task-oriented physical activity of dancers eliminates sex differences in the scope of adipose tissue. Most importantly, the obtained data may be helpful in the development and optimization of selection systems of dance partners for couples practicing competitive ballroom dancing.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.9
M. Anđelić, M. Joksimović, A. Kukrić, E. Nikšić, S. D’Angelo, Nemanja Zlojutro, I. Skrypchenko, Dejan Ćeremidžić
The morphological characteristics of elite basketball players are of great interest to some authors in order to define the best morphological profile for a particular playing position and different levels of competition. The aim of the research was to determine the differences in morphological characteristics in professional basketball players in relation to the playing position in different league competitions and to determine the relevance of these characteristics for success in the game. The survey included a sample of 773 elite basketball players competing in five different leagues in Europe. In our study, we found that centers are significantly taller and heavier than guards and forwards are. In addition to other components of basketball (technique, tactics, coach strategy), body height, body mass and body mass index play a major role in overall performance in a basketball game in all positions. The obtained data can help coaches in the scouting process in which leagues in Europe are played by players with certain morphological characteristics in relation to the playing position.
{"title":"BODY HEIGHT, BODY MASS, BODY MASS INDEX OF ELITE BASKETBALL PLAYERS IN RELATION TO THE PLAYING POSITION AND THEIR IMPORTANCE FOR SUCCESS IN THE GAME","authors":"M. Anđelić, M. Joksimović, A. Kukrić, E. Nikšić, S. D’Angelo, Nemanja Zlojutro, I. Skrypchenko, Dejan Ćeremidžić","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.9","url":null,"abstract":"The morphological characteristics of elite basketball players are of great interest to some authors in order to define the best morphological profile for a particular playing position and different levels of competition. The aim of the research was to determine the differences in morphological characteristics in professional basketball players in relation to the playing position in different league competitions and to determine the relevance of these characteristics for success in the game. The survey included a sample of 773 elite basketball players competing in five different leagues in Europe. In our study, we found that centers are significantly taller and heavier than guards and forwards are. In addition to other components of basketball (technique, tactics, coach strategy), body height, body mass and body mass index play a major role in overall performance in a basketball game in all positions. The obtained data can help coaches in the scouting process in which leagues in Europe are played by players with certain morphological characteristics in relation to the playing position.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.s1.16
B. H. Hreinsdóttir, Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir, J. Saavedra
The objective of this study was to analyse anthropometric, physical fitness and psychological parameters in women basketball players according to their age group. Ninety-seven women basketball players (16.7±2.9 years in age) from national teams participated in the study. The players belonged to the A-team, Under-20s, Under-18s, Under-16s, and Under-15s national teams. All were assessed using basic anthropometry (height, weight and body mass index), physical fitness tests (countermovement jump with and without upper limb movement, chest-pass, 10 m and 15 m sprints, T-test, line-drill, and yo-yo IR2 test), psychological parameters (psychological skills in practice and competition, mental toughness, and competition anxiety). A one-way analysis of variance was used to establish the differences between the teams, applying a Bonferroni post hoc test. The results showed that in the anthropometric parameters there were only differences in weight, with the Under-15s being lighter than the rest of the teams (F = 4.808, p = 0.001). In the physical fitness parameters, the A-teams scored higher in chest-pass than the rest of the teams (F = 15.320, p <0.001), the Under-15s were faster than the Under-18s in 10 m sprint (F = 2.914, p = 0.026) and than the rest of the teams in 15 m sprint (F = 40.407, p <0.001), and the Under-18s scored better on the yo-yo IR2 test than the Under-16s (F = 2.157, p = 0.041). In the psychological parameters, differences were only found between the Under-16s and Under-18s in negative thinking in competition (F = 3.517, p = 0.001). Coaches should focus on the physical condition training load, and try to improve it as age increases. The lack of differences in the psychological parameters seems to indicate that these depend more on the individual than on age.
本研究的目的是分析不同年龄的女子篮球运动员的人体测量、身体素质和心理参数。97名国家队女篮运动员(16.7±2.9岁)参加了研究。这些球员分别来自a队、u20、u18、u16和u15国家队。所有人都通过基本的人体测量(身高、体重和体重指数)、体能测试(有和没有上肢运动的反动作跳跃、胸部传球、10米和15米短跑、t检验、直线训练和溜溜球IR2测试)、心理参数(练习和比赛中的心理技能、心理韧性和比赛焦虑)进行评估。采用Bonferroni事后检验，采用单向方差分析来确定团队之间的差异。结果显示，在人体测量参数中，只有体重不同，15岁以下的队员比其他队员更轻(F = 4.808, p = 0.001)。在体能指标方面，a组队员胸部传球得分高于其他组(F = 15.320, p <0.001)， 15岁以下队员10米冲刺得分高于18岁以下队员(F = 2.914, p = 0.026)， 15米冲刺得分高于其他组(F = 40.407, p <0.001)， 18岁以下队员溜溜球IR2得分高于16岁以下队员(F = 2.157, p = 0.041)。在心理参数方面，只有16岁以下和18岁以下青少年在消极竞争思维方面存在差异(F = 3.517, p = 0.001)。教练应该关注身体状况的训练负荷，并随着年龄的增长而努力改善。心理参数的缺乏差异似乎表明，这些参数更多地取决于个人而不是年龄。
{"title":"ANTHROPOMETRIC, PHYSICAL FITNESS, AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PARAMETERS IN INTERNATIONAL WOMEN BASKETBALL PLAYERS","authors":"B. H. Hreinsdóttir, Hafrún Kristjánsdóttir, J. Saavedra","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.s1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.s1.16","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to analyse anthropometric, physical fitness and psychological parameters in women basketball players according to their age group. Ninety-seven women basketball players (16.7±2.9 years in age) from national teams participated in the study. The players belonged to the A-team, Under-20s, Under-18s, Under-16s, and Under-15s national teams. All were assessed using basic anthropometry (height, weight and body mass index), physical fitness tests (countermovement jump with and without upper limb movement, chest-pass, 10 m and 15 m sprints, T-test, line-drill, and yo-yo IR2 test), psychological parameters (psychological skills in practice and competition, mental toughness, and competition anxiety). A one-way analysis of variance was used to establish the differences between the teams, applying a Bonferroni post hoc test. The results showed that in the anthropometric parameters there were only differences in weight, with the Under-15s being lighter than the rest of the teams (F = 4.808, p = 0.001). In the physical fitness parameters, the A-teams scored higher in chest-pass than the rest of the teams (F = 15.320, p <0.001), the Under-15s were faster than the Under-18s in 10 m sprint (F = 2.914, p = 0.026) and than the rest of the teams in 15 m sprint (F = 40.407, p <0.001), and the Under-18s scored better on the yo-yo IR2 test than the Under-16s (F = 2.157, p = 0.041). In the psychological parameters, differences were only found between the Under-16s and Under-18s in negative thinking in competition (F = 3.517, p = 0.001). Coaches should focus on the physical condition training load, and try to improve it as age increases. The lack of differences in the psychological parameters seems to indicate that these depend more on the individual than on age.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.13
Agata Kamionka, M. Lipowski
The goal of this paper is to examine the state of current research and the interests of researchers all over the world regarding the relationship between physical activity and psychophysical wellbeing (mental and physical health) of children with various types of disability in the context of physical activity in the family. A systematic literature research was conducted using the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PsycInfo and PubMed databases. Available research articles published between 2010–2020 were searched for using the following keywords: motor disability, physical activity, child with motor disability, physical activity and disability, disabled child, psychophysical well-being, family, physical activity in the family. The goal was to find studies concerning children and adolescents aged 0–19 whose main disability was a motor disability. The available literature describes the positive influence of physical activity on children with cerebral palsy, motor deficits, and neurodevelopmental disorders. In the last decade (2010–2020) levels of intensity of physical activity have been measured with accelerometry using wearable equipment such as ActivHearts, ActiGraph and StepWatch, as well as the MVPA index. Physical activity is beneficial for children with different types and levels of disability, and it influences their families. It is necessary to support, promote, and educate families as well as their children with disabilities about physical activity.
{"title":"PHYSICAL ACTIVITY AND PSYCHOPHYSICAL WELL-BEING OF CHILDREN WITH DISABILITIES AND THEIR FAMILIES – A SYSTEMATIC REVIEW","authors":"Agata Kamionka, M. Lipowski","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.13","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this paper is to examine the state of current research and the interests of researchers all over the world regarding the relationship between physical activity and psychophysical wellbeing (mental and physical health) of children with various types of disability in the context of physical activity in the family. A systematic literature research was conducted using the Cochrane Library, EBSCO, PsycInfo and PubMed databases. Available research articles published between 2010–2020 were searched for using the following keywords: motor disability, physical activity, child with motor disability, physical activity and disability, disabled child, psychophysical well-being, family, physical activity in the family. The goal was to find studies concerning children and adolescents aged 0–19 whose main disability was a motor disability. The available literature describes the positive influence of physical activity on children with cerebral palsy, motor deficits, and neurodevelopmental disorders. In the last decade (2010–2020) levels of intensity of physical activity have been measured with accelerometry using wearable equipment such as ActivHearts, ActiGraph and StepWatch, as well as the MVPA index. Physical activity is beneficial for children with different types and levels of disability, and it influences their families. It is necessary to support, promote, and educate families as well as their children with disabilities about physical activity.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.17
M. Latyshev, V. Shandrygos, Y. Tropin, O. Polianychko, A. Deineko, O. Lakhtadyr, O. Mozoliuk
The age of peak competitive performance is particularly important as the entire sports career in each sport is planned on its basis. Depending on the sport and gender of the athlete, the age of peak competitive performance varies considerably. The objective of the study - to determine the age indicators of the wrestlers who participated in the World Championships, depending on the place taken and the weight group. We have studied 332 sports careers of the freestyle and Greko-Roman male wrestlers from 1st to 8th ranks who participated in the World Championships 2017, 2018 and 2019. The following indicators are analyzed: the average age, the average age of the international career start, the average age of first success and the proportion of athletes who achieved success at junior level. Results. The average age of the wrestlers is 26.5 ± 3.6 years: the medalists are slightly younger – 26.3 ± 3.4 years, and non-medalists are older than 26.7 ± 3.8 years. The analysis of the distribution of the age of peak competitive performance of athletes-medalists has shown the following results: there are 67.7 % of medalist among the athletes who are 22-28 years old, 11.8% among those who are younger than 23 years old and only 26.6% among those who are older than 28 years. More than half (53.4%) of medalists achieved success being juniors, while for non-medalists this proportion is only 38.2%. The linear regression coefficient between the age and the weight of athletes is positive and is equal to 0.47 kg per year. The results obtained on the medalists show that the period for achieving the peak competitive performance is limited and quite a few athletes can succeed beyond a certain period of age.
竞技表现巅峰的年龄尤为重要，因为每项运动的整个运动生涯都是在此基础上规划的。根据运动员的运动和性别，竞技表现达到巅峰的年龄差别很大。这项研究的目的是确定参加世界锦标赛的摔跤运动员的年龄指标，这取决于所取得的成绩和体重组。我们研究了参加2017年、2018年和2019年世界锦标赛的332名自由式和古典式男子摔跤运动员的运动生涯。分析了以下指标:平均年龄、国际职业生涯开始的平均年龄、首次成功的平均年龄和在初级阶段取得成功的运动员比例。结果。摔跤运动员平均年龄为26.5±3.6岁，奖牌获得者年龄略小，为26.3±3.4岁，非奖牌获得者年龄大于26.7±3.8岁。对奖牌获得者竞技成绩巅峰年龄分布的分析表明:22-28岁的运动员中奖牌获得者占67.7%，23岁以下运动员中奖牌获得者占11.8%，28岁以上运动员中奖牌获得者仅占26.6%。超过一半(53.4%)的奖牌获得者是青少年，而非奖牌获得者中这一比例仅为38.2%。运动员年龄与体重之间的线性回归系数为正，为0.47 kg /年。对奖牌获得者的研究结果表明，达到竞技巅峰的时间是有限的，相当多的运动员能够在一定的年龄之后取得成功。
{"title":"AGE DISTRIBUTION OF WRESTLERS PARTICIPATING IN THE WORLD CHAMPIONSHIPS","authors":"M. Latyshev, V. Shandrygos, Y. Tropin, O. Polianychko, A. Deineko, O. Lakhtadyr, O. Mozoliuk","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.17","url":null,"abstract":"The age of peak competitive performance is particularly important as the entire sports career in each sport is planned on its basis. Depending on the sport and gender of the athlete, the age of peak competitive performance varies considerably. The objective of the study - to determine the age indicators of the wrestlers who participated in the World Championships, depending on the place taken and the weight group. We have studied 332 sports careers of the freestyle and Greko-Roman male wrestlers from 1st to 8th ranks who participated in the World Championships 2017, 2018 and 2019. The following indicators are analyzed: the average age, the average age of the international career start, the average age of first success and the proportion of athletes who achieved success at junior level. Results. The average age of the wrestlers is 26.5 ± 3.6 years: the medalists are slightly younger – 26.3 ± 3.4 years, and non-medalists are older than 26.7 ± 3.8 years. The analysis of the distribution of the age of peak competitive performance of athletes-medalists has shown the following results: there are 67.7 % of medalist among the athletes who are 22-28 years old, 11.8% among those who are younger than 23 years old and only 26.6% among those who are older than 28 years. More than half (53.4%) of medalists achieved success being juniors, while for non-medalists this proportion is only 38.2%. The linear regression coefficient between the age and the weight of athletes is positive and is equal to 0.47 kg per year. The results obtained on the medalists show that the period for achieving the peak competitive performance is limited and quite a few athletes can succeed beyond a certain period of age.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783557","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.3
Marta A. Bibro, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska, Michał Fałatowicz, E. Smoła, Beata Nowak, Piotr Kuczek, Katarzyna Wódka
Adequate length and tension of postural muscles are necessary to maintain proper body posture and enable basic movement patterns to be correctly carried out. These muscles include the hamstrings. Research results show that these are often characterised by reduced elasticity and excessive passive stiffness. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between hamstring shortening, body posture and excessive body weight in physically active boys. The study involved 69 boys aged from 6 to 19 years who regularly took part in football training (at least three times a week) for at least 12 months. Body height (calibrated anthropometer), body weight (electronic balance TANITA), torso positioning in three planes (ultrasonic system ZEBIS Pointer) and the flexibility of the hamstrings (goniometer) were analysed. Descriptive statistics, cardinality tables, the Kruskal-Wallis test and an effect size were used in statistical analysis. The reduction of hamstring elasticity in both legs was diagnosed in 50.72 % and in one leg in 13.05 % of the boys studied, while 24.65 % were overweight and 4.35 % were obese. No significant differences in the torso position were found in the groups distinguished by hamstring flexibility. However, subjects with hamstring shortening tended to have increased pelvic torsion, increased angular kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, have greater asymmetry of the right and left pelvis and shoulders, and increased scoliotic deformities. A significant correlation was found between hamstring flexibility, body weight and body mass index (BMI). Common hamstring shortening in boys taking part in football training does not significantly affect body posture but significantly correlates with body weight and BMI. Stretching exercises and soft tissue mobilisation techniques should be included in the football training of young players.
{"title":"A RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN HAMSTRING SHORTENING, BODY POSTURE AND BODY MASS INDEX IN BOYS UNDERTAKING FOOTBALL TRAINING","authors":"Marta A. Bibro, A. Jankowicz-Szymańska, Michał Fałatowicz, E. Smoła, Beata Nowak, Piotr Kuczek, Katarzyna Wódka","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Adequate length and tension of postural muscles are necessary to maintain proper body posture and enable basic movement patterns to be correctly carried out. These muscles include the hamstrings. Research results show that these are often characterised by reduced elasticity and excessive passive stiffness. The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between hamstring shortening, body posture and excessive body weight in physically active boys. The study involved 69 boys aged from 6 to 19 years who regularly took part in football training (at least three times a week) for at least 12 months. Body height (calibrated anthropometer), body weight (electronic balance TANITA), torso positioning in three planes (ultrasonic system ZEBIS Pointer) and the flexibility of the hamstrings (goniometer) were analysed. Descriptive statistics, cardinality tables, the Kruskal-Wallis test and an effect size were used in statistical analysis. The reduction of hamstring elasticity in both legs was diagnosed in 50.72 % and in one leg in 13.05 % of the boys studied, while 24.65 % were overweight and 4.35 % were obese. No significant differences in the torso position were found in the groups distinguished by hamstring flexibility. However, subjects with hamstring shortening tended to have increased pelvic torsion, increased angular kyphosis and lumbar lordosis, have greater asymmetry of the right and left pelvis and shoulders, and increased scoliotic deformities. A significant correlation was found between hamstring flexibility, body weight and body mass index (BMI). Common hamstring shortening in boys taking part in football training does not significantly affect body posture but significantly correlates with body weight and BMI. Stretching exercises and soft tissue mobilisation techniques should be included in the football training of young players.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.16
E. Iuliano, D. Cular, J. Padulo, Alin Larion, I. Melenco, Goran Kuvačić, W. Dhahbi, G. Migliaccio
This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of body mass to estimate 4-6 repetitions maximum of pectoral machine, leg extension, and leg press exercises to optimize the one repetition maximum assessment. For this purpose, fourteen male soccer players (age 24.14 ± 4.66 years; body mass 76.52 ± 6.35 kg; height 1.83 ± 0.06m; training experience 17.71 ± 5.15 years) participated to determine 4-6 repetition maximum according to Brzycki protocol for each exercise in randomized counterbalanced order. A moderate significant correlation was showed between the 4-6 repetition maximum and the body mass (r = 0.440, 0.393 and 0.305) for pectoral machine, leg extension, and leg press exercises, respectively). The analyses showed that body mass weakly explained the three criterion variables (r2: 9-19%). The prediction equations suggested can be used to optimize the one repetition maximum test, but other factors must be considered in further studies to have more accurate 4-6 repetition maximum values
{"title":"PREDICTIVE ABILITY OF BODY MASS PARAMETER TO ESTIMATE 4-6 REPETITION MAXIMUM OF UPPER AND LOWER LIMB MUSCLES IN SOCCER PLAYERS","authors":"E. Iuliano, D. Cular, J. Padulo, Alin Larion, I. Melenco, Goran Kuvačić, W. Dhahbi, G. Migliaccio","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to assess the predictive ability of body mass to estimate 4-6 repetitions maximum of pectoral machine, leg extension, and leg press exercises to optimize the one repetition maximum assessment. For this purpose, fourteen male soccer players (age 24.14 ± 4.66 years; body mass 76.52 ± 6.35 kg; height 1.83 ± 0.06m; training experience 17.71 ± 5.15 years) participated to determine 4-6 repetition maximum according to Brzycki protocol for each exercise in randomized counterbalanced order. A moderate significant correlation was showed between the 4-6 repetition maximum and the body mass (r = 0.440, 0.393 and 0.305) for pectoral machine, leg extension, and leg press exercises, respectively). The analyses showed that body mass weakly explained the three criterion variables (r2: 9-19%). The prediction equations suggested can be used to optimize the one repetition maximum test, but other factors must be considered in further studies to have more accurate 4-6 repetition maximum values","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.8
К. Bugaevsky, L. Rybalko, T. Synytsya, Marek Napierała, O. Smoleńska, M. Ostrowska, M. Hagner-Derengowska, K. Kałużny, R. Muszkieta, Xawery Żukow, W. Zukow
The article presents research materials relating to the study of the individual characteristics of the 2D:4D finger index in young athletes in pair female acrobatics and gymnastics. The aim of the study is to study and comparatively analyze the features of the 2D: 4D finger proportions in the "upper" and "lower" female partners in paired female acrobatics and among the female athletes involved in artistic gymnastics, referred to adolescence; confirmation of the influence of the 2D:4D finger ratio on the athletic capabilities of athletes and the formation of their sexual somatotype. It has been proved that the presence in these groups of female athletes with certain values of the inverse, andromorphic sexual somatotype indicates an increased level of testosterone in the body of these athletes and inverse adaptive changes with the formation of masculinization phenomena in them. Research methods and organization. To conduct research on the features of the 2D:4D finger proportions in the "upper" and "lower" female partner athletes in paired female acrobatics and in athletes engaged in artistic gymnastics, the following methods were used: anthropometric method to determine: IPD) and somatotyping according to the classification of J. Tanner and W. Marshall; 2) measurement and comparison of II and IV fingers of the hands of athletes using the finger ratio method according to J.T. Menning – 2D:4D Digit Ratio; 3) as well as the method of literary analysis, using available sources of information; 4) method of mathematical statistics. Organization of the study. This study was conducted in 2019-2020 with the involvement of 31 pairs of acrobats and 59 athletes involved in artistic gymnastics in Ukraine (Nikolaev and Poltava). "Lower" acrobats and gymnasts (n=90) - adolescent – 19.35±1.07 years; "Upper" acrobats (n=31) – pubertal age – 14.68±1.14 years (p≤0,01). Their experience in these sports ranged from 2.5 to 10 years. The level of sportsmanship – from I-III sports category to a candidate for master of sports, master of sports. Research results. After carrying out the study of the necessary anthropometric measurements for each participant (indicators of the width of the shoulders and pelvis, the length of the II and IV fingers of both hands) and processing the obtained anthropometric values, the values of the sexual dimorphism index (SDI) in each study group were determined by mathematical recalculation.
{"title":"THE INFLUENCE OF SPORTS ACTIVITY ON THE IMPORTANCE OF THE SEXUAL SOMATOTYPE OF ATHLETES IN PAIRED WOMEN’S ACROBATICS AND GYMNASTICS","authors":"К. Bugaevsky, L. Rybalko, T. Synytsya, Marek Napierała, O. Smoleńska, M. Ostrowska, M. Hagner-Derengowska, K. Kałużny, R. Muszkieta, Xawery Żukow, W. Zukow","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.8","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents research materials relating to the study of the individual characteristics of the 2D:4D finger index in young athletes in pair female acrobatics and gymnastics. The aim of the study is to study and comparatively analyze the features of the 2D: 4D finger proportions in the \"upper\" and \"lower\" female partners in paired female acrobatics and among the female athletes involved in artistic gymnastics, referred to adolescence; confirmation of the influence of the 2D:4D finger ratio on the athletic capabilities of athletes and the formation of their sexual somatotype. It has been proved that the presence in these groups of female athletes with certain values of the inverse, andromorphic sexual somatotype indicates an increased level of testosterone in the body of these athletes and inverse adaptive changes with the formation of masculinization phenomena in them. Research methods and organization. To conduct research on the features of the 2D:4D finger proportions in the \"upper\" and \"lower\" female partner athletes in paired female acrobatics and in athletes engaged in artistic gymnastics, the following methods were used: anthropometric method to determine: IPD) and somatotyping according to the classification of J. Tanner and W. Marshall; 2) measurement and comparison of II and IV fingers of the hands of athletes using the finger ratio method according to J.T. Menning – 2D:4D Digit Ratio; 3) as well as the method of literary analysis, using available sources of information; 4) method of mathematical statistics. Organization of the study. This study was conducted in 2019-2020 with the involvement of 31 pairs of acrobats and 59 athletes involved in artistic gymnastics in Ukraine (Nikolaev and Poltava). \"Lower\" acrobats and gymnasts (n=90) - adolescent – 19.35±1.07 years; \"Upper\" acrobats (n=31) – pubertal age – 14.68±1.14 years (p≤0,01). Their experience in these sports ranged from 2.5 to 10 years. The level of sportsmanship – from I-III sports category to a candidate for master of sports, master of sports. Research results. After carrying out the study of the necessary anthropometric measurements for each participant (indicators of the width of the shoulders and pelvis, the length of the II and IV fingers of both hands) and processing the obtained anthropometric values, the values of the sexual dimorphism index (SDI) in each study group were determined by mathematical recalculation.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784591","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.5
Cengiz Ölmez, İbrahim Orkun Akcan
This study aims to compare the effects of repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods on athletic performance improvement. The study was carried out with the voluntary participation of 20 international level kickboxers. Athletes were randomly assigned into two groups as Repetitive Sprint Training Group (RSTG) (n=10; ̄age: 20, 20±1,32 years) and Calisthenics Training Group (CTG) (n=10; age: 21,20±1,23 years). Athletes participated in the training of their groups for six weeks, three times a week, every other day. The effects of training methods on the performance improvement of athletes were examined by measurements and tests performed at the pre-test (T1), interim-test (T2), and post-test (T3) stages. Athletes' height, body composition (body weight, body mass index, body fat mass), aerobic endurance (VO2max), peak anaerobic power, and isometric leg (knee, flexion-extension) strength values (60º/sec- 90º/sec) has been examined. At the end of the study, the data were analyzed at a 95% significance level. The results of the study revealed that the repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods were effective on body composition, aerobic endurance, anaerobic power, and isokinetic strength parameters (p1<0.05), but the effect level was similar in both training methods (p2>0.05). Repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods are both effective in regulating the body composition of athletes and accelerating aerobic endurance, power, and strength progress, but when designed at similar training intensity, both methods have similar effects.
{"title":"REPETITIVE SPRINT OR CALISTHENICS TRAINING: WHICH IS MORE SUCCESSFUL FOR ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE?","authors":"Cengiz Ölmez, İbrahim Orkun Akcan","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.5","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to compare the effects of repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods on athletic performance improvement. The study was carried out with the voluntary participation of 20 international level kickboxers. Athletes were randomly assigned into two groups as Repetitive Sprint Training Group (RSTG) (n=10; ̄age: 20, 20±1,32 years) and Calisthenics Training Group (CTG) (n=10; age: 21,20±1,23 years). Athletes participated in the training of their groups for six weeks, three times a week, every other day. The effects of training methods on the performance improvement of athletes were examined by measurements and tests performed at the pre-test (T1), interim-test (T2), and post-test (T3) stages. Athletes' height, body composition (body weight, body mass index, body fat mass), aerobic endurance (VO2max), peak anaerobic power, and isometric leg (knee, flexion-extension) strength values (60º/sec- 90º/sec) has been examined. At the end of the study, the data were analyzed at a 95% significance level. The results of the study revealed that the repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods were effective on body composition, aerobic endurance, anaerobic power, and isokinetic strength parameters (p1<0.05), but the effect level was similar in both training methods (p2>0.05). Repetitive sprint and calisthenics training methods are both effective in regulating the body composition of athletes and accelerating aerobic endurance, power, and strength progress, but when designed at similar training intensity, both methods have similar effects.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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