Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.5
Robert Podstavski, K. Finn, C. Clark, F. Ihász, Zoltan Alfodi, P. Żurek
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various forms of physical activity (PA) among male students in physical education (PE) programs offered by universities in Poland, Hungary and the United Kingdom. The study involved 200 full-time male university students (mean age: 19.86±0.82), enrolled in nine different PA programs. The participants’ anthropometric traits and body composition parameters were determined with the InBody analyser. Based on the students’ physiological parameters, the effectiveness of various types of PA was measured with Suunto. Ambit3 peak heart rate monitors during 60 minutes of physical exertion. The average values of body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (PBF), waist hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat (VFL) were significantly (p<0.05) lower in students who performed jogging, followed by sauna (JFBS) and martial arts than in the remaining PA groups. Minutes of difficult and very difficult intensities were highest in martial art students, followed by jogging students, and they were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the values noted in the remaining PA groups (golf, bodybuilding/fitness, swimming, general PE classes, cycling and individual training). Physiological parameters were significantly (p<0.05) lowest in golf players and students who trained individually. Martial arts and JFBS are the most effective types of PA among male university students. Students performing martial arts and JFBS were characterized by the lowest relative, body fat, whereas students who practiced swimming had the highest body fat levels in the population sample.
{"title":"THE INTENSITIES OF VARIOUS FORMS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN PHYSICAL EDUCATION PROGRAMS OFFERED BY UNIVERSITIES FOR MALE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS","authors":"Robert Podstavski, K. Finn, C. Clark, F. Ihász, Zoltan Alfodi, P. Żurek","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of various forms of physical activity (PA) among male students in physical education (PE) programs offered by universities in Poland, Hungary and the United Kingdom. The study involved 200 full-time male university students (mean age: 19.86±0.82), enrolled in nine different PA programs. The participants’ anthropometric traits and body composition parameters were determined with the InBody analyser. Based on the students’ physiological parameters, the effectiveness of various types of PA was measured with Suunto. Ambit3 peak heart rate monitors during 60 minutes of physical exertion. The average values of body mass, body mass index (BMI), body fat mass (BFM), percent body fat (PBF), waist hip ratio (WHR), and visceral fat (VFL) were significantly (p<0.05) lower in students who performed jogging, followed by sauna (JFBS) and martial arts than in the remaining PA groups. Minutes of difficult and very difficult intensities were highest in martial art students, followed by jogging students, and they were significantly (p<0.05) higher than the values noted in the remaining PA groups (golf, bodybuilding/fitness, swimming, general PE classes, cycling and individual training). Physiological parameters were significantly (p<0.05) lowest in golf players and students who trained individually. Martial arts and JFBS are the most effective types of PA among male university students. Students performing martial arts and JFBS were characterized by the lowest relative, body fat, whereas students who practiced swimming had the highest body fat levels in the population sample.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to examine the relation between agility, sprint ability, and vertical jump performance of young basketball players. Fifty (n=50) young basketball players (mean±SD: age = 12.63±0.95; height = 160.84±6.31 cm; body mass = 50.82±6.88 kg) participated in the study. The agility T-test and 505 test were assessed to determine agility, 10m and 20m sprint was measured to determine sprint ability and countermovement jump (CMJ) for jumping performance. The results of Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation analysis indicated large to very large relation between agility tests and sprint performance (r = 0.61 to 0.85); agility and jump performance (r = - 0.64 to - 0.67); sprint and jumping performance (r = -0.59 to -0.77). The results of the study suggest that agility, sprint, and jumping performance share common physical demands, therefore it is necessary to develop them during the training.
{"title":"AGILITY, SPRINT AND VERTICAL JUMP PERFORMANCE RELATIONSHIP IN YOUNG BASKETBALL PLAYERS","authors":"Denis Čaušević, Ensar Abazović, Semir Mašić, Amila Hodžić, Šemso Ormanović, Ivor Doder, Nedim Čović, Rasim Lakota","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.16","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.16","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to examine the relation between agility, sprint ability, and vertical jump performance of young basketball players. Fifty (n=50) young basketball players (mean±SD: age = 12.63±0.95; height = 160.84±6.31 cm; body mass = 50.82±6.88 kg) participated in the study. The agility T-test and 505 test were assessed to determine agility, 10m and 20m sprint was measured to determine sprint ability and countermovement jump (CMJ) for jumping performance. The results of Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation analysis indicated large to very large relation between agility tests and sprint performance (r = 0.61 to 0.85); agility and jump performance (r = - 0.64 to - 0.67); sprint and jumping performance (r = -0.59 to -0.77). The results of the study suggest that agility, sprint, and jumping performance share common physical demands, therefore it is necessary to develop them during the training.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.8
T. Falkowski, J. Opara
Low Back Pain (LBP) is commonly classified as civilization disease. Many authors assume that about 80% of the population over forty have at least one major episode of pain in the lumbar area. Many of those patients demonstrate lumbosacral radicular symptoms. Sciatica usually develop as a result of a disc-root conflict and can disturb patients posture and balance. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the visual biofeedback balance control training in patients suffering from sciatica on posture and balance. This was a randomized clinical study with control group, single-blind. Sixty suffering from sciatica patients (54% females) in the age between 20 and 83 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the experimental group (VBF) in addition to comprehensive rehabilitation, visual feedback balance training was used. In the control group (KT) except comprehensive rehabilitation the kinesiology taping was applied within the lumbar region. For outcome measure center of foot pressure deflection, execution time, Bohannon's standing one-leg test, distribution of limb loads, Functional Ambulatory Category, Timed Up and Go, lumbar spine mobility, Laségue symptom, neurological symptom examination and the Visual Analog Scale has been used. In results: visual feedback balance control training using the balance platform had a statistically significant impact on execution time, standing on one leg, spine mobility, gait, coordination and pain. Dynamic kinesiotaping had a statistically significant effect on COP sway, balance, gait, coordination and pain. Feedback balance control training was more beneficial than dynamic kinesiotaping, although not statistically significant. In the VBF group no statistically significant effects on COP sway and distribution of limb loads has been observed. No effects of gender, side of sciatica (left/right) nor BMI has been observed. Statistically significant effect of visual feedback balance control training was observed in both groups in the age below 55. No side effects have been noticed.
腰痛(LBP)通常被归类为文明病。许多作者认为，在40岁以上的人群中，大约80%的人至少有一次腰部疼痛的主要发作。许多患者表现为腰骶神经根症状。坐骨神经痛通常是椎间盘与神经根冲突的结果，会影响病人的姿势和平衡。本研究的目的是评估视觉生物反馈平衡控制训练对坐骨神经痛患者姿势和平衡的影响。这是一项随机临床研究，对照组，单盲。60例20 ~ 83岁的坐骨神经痛患者(54%为女性)符合纳入和排除标准。实验组(VBF)在综合康复的基础上，采用视觉反馈平衡训练。在对照组(KT)中，除综合康复外，在腰椎区域应用运动学胶带。结果测量中心采用足压挠度、执行时间、Bohannon单腿站立试验、肢体负荷分布、功能活动类别、Timed Up and Go、腰椎活动度、las症状、神经症状检查和视觉模拟量表。结果:使用平衡平台的视觉反馈平衡控制训练对执行时间、单腿站立、脊柱活动度、步态、协调性和疼痛有统计学意义的影响。动态运动磁带对COP摇摆、平衡、步态、协调和疼痛有统计学意义的影响。反馈平衡控制训练比动态运动磁带更有益，尽管没有统计学意义。在VBF组中，未观察到对COP摇摆和肢体负荷分布的统计学显著影响。没有观察到性别、坐骨神经痛侧边(左/右)和BMI的影响。两组55岁以下患者视觉反馈平衡控制训练效果均有统计学意义。没有发现任何副作用。
{"title":"VISUAL BIOFEEDBACK BALANCE CONTROL TRAINING VS. KINESIOLOGY TAPING IN PATIENTS SUFFERING FROM SCIATICA","authors":"T. Falkowski, J. Opara","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.8","url":null,"abstract":"Low Back Pain (LBP) is commonly classified as civilization disease. Many authors assume that about 80% of the population over forty have at least one major episode of pain in the lumbar area. Many of those patients demonstrate lumbosacral radicular symptoms. Sciatica usually develop as a result of a disc-root conflict and can disturb patients posture and balance. The objective of this study was to assess the effect of the visual biofeedback balance control training in patients suffering from sciatica on posture and balance. This was a randomized clinical study with control group, single-blind. Sixty suffering from sciatica patients (54% females) in the age between 20 and 83 met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. In the experimental group (VBF) in addition to comprehensive rehabilitation, visual feedback balance training was used. In the control group (KT) except comprehensive rehabilitation the kinesiology taping was applied within the lumbar region. For outcome measure center of foot pressure deflection, execution time, Bohannon's standing one-leg test, distribution of limb loads, Functional Ambulatory Category, Timed Up and Go, lumbar spine mobility, Laségue symptom, neurological symptom examination and the Visual Analog Scale has been used. In results: visual feedback balance control training using the balance platform had a statistically significant impact on execution time, standing on one leg, spine mobility, gait, coordination and pain. Dynamic kinesiotaping had a statistically significant effect on COP sway, balance, gait, coordination and pain. Feedback balance control training was more beneficial than dynamic kinesiotaping, although not statistically significant. In the VBF group no statistically significant effects on COP sway and distribution of limb loads has been observed. No effects of gender, side of sciatica (left/right) nor BMI has been observed. Statistically significant effect of visual feedback balance control training was observed in both groups in the age below 55. No side effects have been noticed.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.9
J. Marszałek, B. Molik
In wheelchair basketball the observation of active trunk movement during a game is done by a qualified panel of classifiers. Players are allocated into one out of eight class. In the past, the map of the volume of action for each class player was created based on classifiers’ experience and knowledge (in qualitative way, without the range of trunk movement). Based on Paralympics’ classification standards there is a need to provide quantitative data for the current classes. The aim of this study was to create the map and reference values of the volume of trunk action of wheelchair basketball players and to check if there are differences in results between players representing different functional classes. The second aim was to investigate if there are significant benefits of using additional equipment with the sport wheelchair like sports straps that help players to achieve the greater volume of trunk action. Sixty-eight players divided into functional classes were asked to perform the maximum active trunk range of movement in three planes, in a sport wheelchair with straps and without straps, that was measured by the Kinect for Windows V2 sensor. The differences in movement was assessed by the t-test or the Wilcoxon test, differences between classes were done by ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey test. The discriminant analysis was calculated. Significant greater volume of trunk action in each plane was noticed in a sport wheelchair with straps (p < .05). There were observed significant differences in trunk movement in three planes between neighboring classes (p < .05). 76.9% original grouped cases were correctly classified. The accuracy of the current classification system in wheelchair basketball was confirmed. The map and reference values of the volume of trunk action will be helpful for all wheelchair basketball stakeholders. Trunk flexion and rotation discriminate the most effectively players. All class players should use appropriately fitted straps around hips during wheelchair basketball game, for safeness and wider volume of action.
在轮椅篮球比赛中，观察活跃的躯干运动是由一组合格的分类器完成的。球员被分配到八个班中的一个。在过去，每个职业球员的动作量地图是基于分类器的经验和知识(定性的方式，没有躯干运动范围)创建的。基于残奥会的分类标准，有必要为目前的分类提供定量的数据。本研究的目的是建立轮椅篮球运动员躯干动作体积的地图和参考值，并检查不同功能类别的运动员之间的结果是否存在差异。第二个目的是调查在运动轮椅上使用额外的设备是否有显著的好处，比如运动带，帮助运动员实现更大的躯干运动。68名被分为不同功能组的玩家被要求在三个平面上进行最大的活动躯干范围的运动，在有绑带和没有绑带的运动轮椅上，这是由Kinect for Windows V2传感器测量的。运动的差异通过t检验或Wilcoxon检验来评估，类别之间的差异通过方差分析和事后Tukey检验来评估。进行判别分析计算。在每架飞机中，带绑带的运动轮椅的后备箱活动量显著增加(p < 0.05)。相邻班级之间躯干运动在三个平面上有显著差异(p < 0.05)。76.9%的原始分组病例分类正确。验证了现行轮椅篮球分类系统的准确性。躯干动作体积的地图和参考值对所有轮椅篮球的利益相关者都有帮助。躯干弯曲和旋转区分最有效的球员。在轮椅篮球比赛中，所有级别的球员都应该在臀部周围使用合适的绑带，以确保安全并扩大动作量。
{"title":"ACTIVE TRUNK MOVEMENT ASSESSMENT AS A KEY FACTOR IN WHEELCHAIR BASKETBALL CLASSIFICATION – AN ORIGINAL STUDY","authors":"J. Marszałek, B. Molik","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.9","url":null,"abstract":"In wheelchair basketball the observation of active trunk movement during a game is done by a qualified panel of classifiers. Players are allocated into one out of eight class. In the past, the map of the volume of action for each class player was created based on classifiers’ experience and knowledge (in qualitative way, without the range of trunk movement). Based on Paralympics’ classification standards there is a need to provide quantitative data for the current classes. The aim of this study was to create the map and reference values of the volume of trunk action of wheelchair basketball players and to check if there are differences in results between players representing different functional classes. The second aim was to investigate if there are significant benefits of using additional equipment with the sport wheelchair like sports straps that help players to achieve the greater volume of trunk action. Sixty-eight players divided into functional classes were asked to perform the maximum active trunk range of movement in three planes, in a sport wheelchair with straps and without straps, that was measured by the Kinect for Windows V2 sensor. The differences in movement was assessed by the t-test or the Wilcoxon test, differences between classes were done by ANOVA and the post hoc Tukey test. The discriminant analysis was calculated. Significant greater volume of trunk action in each plane was noticed in a sport wheelchair with straps (p < .05). There were observed significant differences in trunk movement in three planes between neighboring classes (p < .05). 76.9% original grouped cases were correctly classified. The accuracy of the current classification system in wheelchair basketball was confirmed. The map and reference values of the volume of trunk action will be helpful for all wheelchair basketball stakeholders. Trunk flexion and rotation discriminate the most effectively players. All class players should use appropriately fitted straps around hips during wheelchair basketball game, for safeness and wider volume of action.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.14
H. Duda, Łukasz Rydzik, W. Czarny, Ireneusz Raś, M. Ozimek, T. Ambroży
Teaching football should not be focused exclusively on students’ physical or locomotor skills, it should also develop their thinking processes. This fact comes as a result of cooperation of football players during a match, which requires anticipation and making right decisions. The process of intellectual training is often outlined by coaches, but in a regular training it is often not discussed in detail, since not many studies confirmed its importance. In the paper the level of thinking of players during cooperation in scoring a goal was discussed as well as modeling of the game using means of intellectual training. The observation of player cooperation included the analysis of 141 goals scored in 76 randomly selected football matches in UEFA Champions League from 2005 to 2019. In the study the method of noted observation was used, the subject of the study could be observed many times. The actions were observed due to the level of thinking processes. The analysis of the results shows that cooperation of the players in order to achieve the ultimate offensive objective of the game requires intentional actions based on thought patterns. These patterns taught in the training can guarantee not only anticipating in the realization of common tasks, but also making decisions that are best for the effectiveness of the game.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF ACTIVIZATION OF THOUGHT PATTERNS OF FOOTBALL PLAYERS IN A COORDINATED ACTION THAT ENDED IN SCORING A GOAL","authors":"H. Duda, Łukasz Rydzik, W. Czarny, Ireneusz Raś, M. Ozimek, T. Ambroży","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"Teaching football should not be focused exclusively on students’ physical or locomotor skills, it should also develop their thinking processes. This fact comes as a result of cooperation of football players during a match, which requires anticipation and making right decisions. The process of intellectual training is often outlined by coaches, but in a regular training it is often not discussed in detail, since not many studies confirmed its importance. In the paper the level of thinking of players during cooperation in scoring a goal was discussed as well as modeling of the game using means of intellectual training. The observation of player cooperation included the analysis of 141 goals scored in 76 randomly selected football matches in UEFA Champions League from 2005 to 2019. In the study the method of noted observation was used, the subject of the study could be observed many times. The actions were observed due to the level of thinking processes. The analysis of the results shows that cooperation of the players in order to achieve the ultimate offensive objective of the game requires intentional actions based on thought patterns. These patterns taught in the training can guarantee not only anticipating in the realization of common tasks, but also making decisions that are best for the effectiveness of the game.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.18
Sylwia Bartkowiak, J. Konarski, R. Strzelczyk, J. Janowski, Małgorzata Karpowicz, V. Lopes, R. Malina
Background: One of the components affecting the level of health is physical fitness and diets, which is also considered the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Methods: Samples by survey ranged from 871 to 1,417 (boys) and from 843 to 1,326 (girls). Speed (5 m run), agility (figure-8-run), explosive power (vertical jump), flexibility (stand and reach) and cardiovascular fitness (step test) were measured. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of each student was classified as Thin, Normal weight or Overweight/Obese (Owt/Ob) relative to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Fitness items were compared among weight status groups and across surveys with sex-specific analyses of covariance. Regressions of each fitness item on the BMI in the four surveys were done using linear and nonlinear quadratic models. Results: Performances on all fitness tests except flexibility were poorer among Owt/Ob compared to Normal and Thin youth, but performances on fitness tests within weight status groups did not differ consistently across surveys. Conclusions: Relationships between the BMI and fitness tests varied across surveys, but suggested reasonably consistent cur-vilinear relationships between fitness tests and the BMI among boys more so than girls.
{"title":"WEIGHT STATUS, BMI AND PHYSICAL FITNESS IN POLISH YOUTH: RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN 1986 AND 2016","authors":"Sylwia Bartkowiak, J. Konarski, R. Strzelczyk, J. Janowski, Małgorzata Karpowicz, V. Lopes, R. Malina","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: One of the components affecting the level of health is physical fitness and diets, which is also considered the foundation of a healthy lifestyle. Methods: Samples by survey ranged from 871 to 1,417 (boys) and from 843 to 1,326 (girls). Speed (5 m run), agility (figure-8-run), explosive power (vertical jump), flexibility (stand and reach) and cardiovascular fitness (step test) were measured. The Body Mass Index (BMI) of each student was classified as Thin, Normal weight or Overweight/Obese (Owt/Ob) relative to International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) criteria. Fitness items were compared among weight status groups and across surveys with sex-specific analyses of covariance. Regressions of each fitness item on the BMI in the four surveys were done using linear and nonlinear quadratic models. Results: Performances on all fitness tests except flexibility were poorer among Owt/Ob compared to Normal and Thin youth, but performances on fitness tests within weight status groups did not differ consistently across surveys. Conclusions: Relationships between the BMI and fitness tests varied across surveys, but suggested reasonably consistent cur-vilinear relationships between fitness tests and the BMI among boys more so than girls.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.15
Luka Androja, J. Miocic, Žarko Bilić, M. Komšo, Zoran Tocilj
Peripheral nerves in athletes are susceptible to injury due to an increase in physiological requirements in the training process to neurological structures and to the soft tissues that protect them. The training process is conditioned by the rank and level of competition and its implementation largely depends on the education of professional staff. Common mechanisms of injury are pressure, sprain, strain, ischemia, and sports injury. Seddon's original system of dividing nerve injuries based on neurophysiological changes is most widely used in medicine. The initial stage of nerve injury is neuropraxia, the second stage is axonal degeneration, and the third stage is nerve cutting. Peripheral nerve injuries are more common in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities. They have specifics related to a particular sport, in this case, football and basketball, and often have a biomechanical component in the making. Early detection allows an appropriate rehabilitation program to be initiated and biomechanics changed before the nerve injury becomes permanent. Recognizing nerve injury requires an understanding of peripheral neuroanatomy, knowledge of common nerve injury sites, and awareness of the types of peripheral nerve injuries that are common and specific to a particular sport. Rehabilitation programs in the field of kinesiology can be read through FMS protocols. Electrodiagnostic tests (electromyography), somatosensory evoked potentials, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound are used to diagnose peripheral nerve injuries. Proximal peripheral nerve injuries have a slightly poorer prognosis in terms of neurological recovery in athletes. The survey determined the frequency of injuries in the subjects and that there is a misunderstanding among the athletes themselves, which is a peripheral nerve injury. The survey also found that peripheral nerve injuries occur due to acute injuries, while chronic injuries are excessive, resulting in damage to muscles and joints, and rarely as a result of inappropriate sports equipment. Athletes' knowledge of what constitutes a peripheral nerve injury itself and how this type of injury should be given more importance in further general prevention has also been established.
{"title":"FREQUENCY OF PERIPHERAL NERVE INJURIES IN ATHLETES OF CERTAIN SPORTS CLUBS IN THE CITY OF ZADAR","authors":"Luka Androja, J. Miocic, Žarko Bilić, M. Komšo, Zoran Tocilj","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.15","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.15","url":null,"abstract":"Peripheral nerves in athletes are susceptible to injury due to an increase in physiological requirements in the training process to neurological structures and to the soft tissues that protect them. The training process is conditioned by the rank and level of competition and its implementation largely depends on the education of professional staff. Common mechanisms of injury are pressure, sprain, strain, ischemia, and sports injury. Seddon's original system of dividing nerve injuries based on neurophysiological changes is most widely used in medicine. The initial stage of nerve injury is neuropraxia, the second stage is axonal degeneration, and the third stage is nerve cutting. Peripheral nerve injuries are more common in the upper extremities than in the lower extremities. They have specifics related to a particular sport, in this case, football and basketball, and often have a biomechanical component in the making. Early detection allows an appropriate rehabilitation program to be initiated and biomechanics changed before the nerve injury becomes permanent. Recognizing nerve injury requires an understanding of peripheral neuroanatomy, knowledge of common nerve injury sites, and awareness of the types of peripheral nerve injuries that are common and specific to a particular sport. Rehabilitation programs in the field of kinesiology can be read through FMS protocols. Electrodiagnostic tests (electromyography), somatosensory evoked potentials, magnetic resonance imaging, and ultrasound are used to diagnose peripheral nerve injuries. Proximal peripheral nerve injuries have a slightly poorer prognosis in terms of neurological recovery in athletes. The survey determined the frequency of injuries in the subjects and that there is a misunderstanding among the athletes themselves, which is a peripheral nerve injury. The survey also found that peripheral nerve injuries occur due to acute injuries, while chronic injuries are excessive, resulting in damage to muscles and joints, and rarely as a result of inappropriate sports equipment. Athletes' knowledge of what constitutes a peripheral nerve injury itself and how this type of injury should be given more importance in further general prevention has also been established.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.14
S. Wójtowicz, Anna Daniluk, Karolina Wiaderna, Aneta Bugalska, A. Hadamus, M. Grabowicz, D. Białoszewski
Many physiotherapists and motor preparation coaches recommend including resistance exercises for the hip joint abductors and external rotators in a warm-up. Muscle activation with resistance band exercises is believed to improve positional control of the pelvis and the lower limbs, thus reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury during rehabilitation or training proper. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a single session of activation of hip joint abductors and external rotators on gait and running parameters in healthy people. The study involved 54 healthy individuals aged 19-21 years. An experimental group (Group 1) performed a set of 6 resistance exercises with Thera rubber bands, intended to activate the hip joint abductors and external rotators. A control group (Group 2) performed the same set of exercises but without external resistance. A walking and running gait examination was performed on a Zebris FDM treadmill in both groups before and after the exercises. Both variants of exercises produced changes in selected gait parameters (p<0.05). An examination of running gait in Group 1 revealed an increase in step length in the dominant limb (p<0.05) and stride length (p<0.05) and step time in the dominant limb (p<0.05), stride length (p<0.05) and cadence (p<0.05). Heel pressure also decreased in both limbs, and heel pressure force decreased in the non-dominant limb (p<0.05). A running gait examination in Group 2 revealed increased midfoot pressure force in both limbs (p<0.05). Thus, a single session of exercises with resistance banding to activate the hip joint abductors and external rotators exerted an effect on running parameters, which may improve running economy.
{"title":"ASSESSMENT OF IMPACT OF ACTIVATION OF HIP JOINT ABDUCTORS AND EXTERNAL ROTATORS ON GAIT AND RUNNNING PARAMETERS IN HEALTHY PEOPLE - PILOT STUDY","authors":"S. Wójtowicz, Anna Daniluk, Karolina Wiaderna, Aneta Bugalska, A. Hadamus, M. Grabowicz, D. Białoszewski","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.14","url":null,"abstract":"Many physiotherapists and motor preparation coaches recommend including resistance exercises for the hip joint abductors and external rotators in a warm-up. Muscle activation with resistance band exercises is believed to improve positional control of the pelvis and the lower limbs, thus reducing the risk of musculoskeletal injury during rehabilitation or training proper. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of a single session of activation of hip joint abductors and external rotators on gait and running parameters in healthy people. The study involved 54 healthy individuals aged 19-21 years. An experimental group (Group 1) performed a set of 6 resistance exercises with Thera rubber bands, intended to activate the hip joint abductors and external rotators. A control group (Group 2) performed the same set of exercises but without external resistance. A walking and running gait examination was performed on a Zebris FDM treadmill in both groups before and after the exercises. Both variants of exercises produced changes in selected gait parameters (p<0.05). An examination of running gait in Group 1 revealed an increase in step length in the dominant limb (p<0.05) and stride length (p<0.05) and step time in the dominant limb (p<0.05), stride length (p<0.05) and cadence (p<0.05). Heel pressure also decreased in both limbs, and heel pressure force decreased in the non-dominant limb (p<0.05). A running gait examination in Group 2 revealed increased midfoot pressure force in both limbs (p<0.05). Thus, a single session of exercises with resistance banding to activate the hip joint abductors and external rotators exerted an effect on running parameters, which may improve running economy.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70783781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.12
E. Gajewska, Ida Laudańska- Krzemińska, K. Domaszewska, M. Naczk, P. Kroll, M. Sobieska
The purpose of the study was to compare BDNF in saliva before and after a maximum physical effort in adolescents practicing sports and their non-training peers, related to the body composition and physical fitness. The study comprised 64 individuals aged 13-14 (39 practicing sports). Physical fitness was measured using the EUROFIT test. The maximum oxygen uptake was determined on a mechanical treadmill. Saliva BDNF concentration was measured (R&D, USA) at rest and after an exercise. The research results prove that body composition was different depending on the sex, the EUROFIT results were not. The percentage of body fat correlated negatively with the strength of the lower body and the strength of the trunk muscles. There was a positive relationship between the muscle mass and the cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of the level of training. BDNF in saliva was comparable in non-training and training individuals. BDNF was significantly dependent on the body composition only in girls and negatively correlated with the content of adipose tissue. Training and non-training teenagers did not differ in fitness, but in the level of cardiorespiratory fitness. Non-training teenagers showed a higher concentration of BDNF in saliva and further increase after the exercise stress test. In the training individuals, the exercise stress test did not lead to an increase in BDNF concentration.
{"title":"AN ANALYSIS OF THE LEVEL OF FITNESS, PHYSICAL PERFORMANCE AND CONCENTRATION OF THE BRAIN-DERIVED NEUROTROPHIC FACTOR IN SALIVA IN ADOLESCENTS PRACTICING COMPETITIVE SPORTS AND THEIR PEERS","authors":"E. Gajewska, Ida Laudańska- Krzemińska, K. Domaszewska, M. Naczk, P. Kroll, M. Sobieska","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.2.12","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study was to compare BDNF in saliva before and after a maximum physical effort in adolescents practicing sports and their non-training peers, related to the body composition and physical fitness. The study comprised 64 individuals aged 13-14 (39 practicing sports). Physical fitness was measured using the EUROFIT test. The maximum oxygen uptake was determined on a mechanical treadmill. Saliva BDNF concentration was measured (R&D, USA) at rest and after an exercise. The research results prove that body composition was different depending on the sex, the EUROFIT results were not. The percentage of body fat correlated negatively with the strength of the lower body and the strength of the trunk muscles. There was a positive relationship between the muscle mass and the cardiorespiratory fitness, regardless of the level of training. BDNF in saliva was comparable in non-training and training individuals. BDNF was significantly dependent on the body composition only in girls and negatively correlated with the content of adipose tissue. Training and non-training teenagers did not differ in fitness, but in the level of cardiorespiratory fitness. Non-training teenagers showed a higher concentration of BDNF in saliva and further increase after the exercise stress test. In the training individuals, the exercise stress test did not lead to an increase in BDNF concentration.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70784171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.10
Katarina Ohnjec, Maja Hećimović, Ana. Žnidarec Čučković
The aim of this research is to study the ball throwing velocity at different phases of teaching handball elements to female students in their first year of study at Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb. The set of variables contains three throwing velocity tests: 1. handball throwing velocity from the standing position (ST), 2. basic shot throwing velocity (RT) and 3. jump shot throwing velocity (JT). The speed of the ball was estimated by a radar gun (Stalker ATS) three times for each shooting type and it was expressed in km/h unit. Measuring was conducted twice in the course of the summer semester of the academic year 2017/2018. The first measuring was carried out after the first lesson and the second one a month later. The average throwing velocities recorded during the first measuring were: ST - 59.25 km/h, RT - 61.60 km/h and JT 61.62 km/h. On the following occasion, the average results were: 59.36 km/h (ST), 61.33 km/h (RT) and 61.33 km/h (JT). No statistically significant differences in the observed set of variables were found by using the t-test for the dependent samples on either occasion. The obtained results can be interpreted in regard to the methods of directing and evaluating the teaching process, as well as in regard to an effective program for improving explosive throwing power.
本研究的目的是研究萨格勒布运动学院一年级女学生手球要素教学中不同阶段的投球速度。这组变量包含三个投掷速度测试:1。2.站姿手球投掷速度(ST)基本抛球速度(RT)和3。跳投速度(JT)。用雷达炮(潜行者ATS)对每种射击类型的球速度进行了三次估计，并以km/h单位表示。在2017/2018学年夏季学期进行了两次测量。第一次测量是在第一节课后进行的，第二次是在一个月后进行的。第一次测量记录的平均投掷速度为:ST - 59.25 km/h, RT - 61.60 km/h, JT - 61.62 km/h。在以下情况下，平均结果为59.36 km/h (ST)， 61.33 km/h (RT)和61.33 km/h (JT)。通过对两种情况下的相关样本进行t检验，观察到的变量集没有统计学上的显著差异。所得结果可用于指导和评价教学过程的方法，以及提高爆发力的有效方案。
{"title":"THE THROWING VELOCITY AT DIFFERENT PHASES OF TEACHING HANDBALL ELEMENTS","authors":"Katarina Ohnjec, Maja Hećimović, Ana. Žnidarec Čučković","doi":"10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.51371/issn.1840-2976.2021.15.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this research is to study the ball throwing velocity at different phases of teaching handball elements to female students in their first year of study at Faculty of Kinesiology, Zagreb. The set of variables contains three throwing velocity tests: 1. handball throwing velocity from the standing position (ST), 2. basic shot throwing velocity (RT) and 3. jump shot throwing velocity (JT). The speed of the ball was estimated by a radar gun (Stalker ATS) three times for each shooting type and it was expressed in km/h unit. Measuring was conducted twice in the course of the summer semester of the academic year 2017/2018. The first measuring was carried out after the first lesson and the second one a month later. The average throwing velocities recorded during the first measuring were: ST - 59.25 km/h, RT - 61.60 km/h and JT 61.62 km/h. On the following occasion, the average results were: 59.36 km/h (ST), 61.33 km/h (RT) and 61.33 km/h (JT). No statistically significant differences in the observed set of variables were found by using the t-test for the dependent samples on either occasion. The obtained results can be interpreted in regard to the methods of directing and evaluating the teaching process, as well as in regard to an effective program for improving explosive throwing power.","PeriodicalId":42772,"journal":{"name":"Acta Kinesiologica","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70782986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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