Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.95.08
O. Krasnikova, G. Lisny, S. Vyzhva
The article is devoted to the review of processing and interpretation of microseismic fracturing monitoring. The need to cover the works related to the intensification of production is caused by the underdeveloped practice of such research in Ukraine. The article describes the world experience of microseismic observations and outlines their prospects on the territory of Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the processing and interpretation of fracturing microseismic monitoring data. The choice of technologies is associated with the correct consideration of the geological structure of the prospective area or hydrocarbon field, as well as the previous stages of development of oil and gas fields. The ways of using the world experience of microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in the conditions of oil and gas provinces of Ukraine are determined.
{"title":"CURRENT STATE OF APPLICATION OF HYDRAULIC FRACTURING MICROSEISMIC MONITORING METHODS","authors":"O. Krasnikova, G. Lisny, S. Vyzhva","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.95.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.95.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article is devoted to the review of processing and interpretation of microseismic fracturing monitoring. The need to cover the works related to the intensification of production is caused by the underdeveloped practice of such research in Ukraine. The article describes the world experience of microseismic observations and outlines their prospects on the territory of Ukraine. Considerable attention is paid to the processing and interpretation of fracturing microseismic monitoring data. The choice of technologies is associated with the correct consideration of the geological structure of the prospective area or hydrocarbon field, as well as the previous stages of development of oil and gas fields. The ways of using the world experience of microseismic monitoring of hydraulic fracturing in the conditions of oil and gas provinces of Ukraine are determined.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77186886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.94.02
O. Mytrokhyn
The author submits a chronological account on the history of geological exploration on the Graham Coast and the Wilhelm Archipelago of West Antarctica within the time interval from 1819 to 1996. The state of geological exploration of this area before the creation of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station (UAS) here is determined. A number of conclusions were made regarding: the temporal sequence of individual studies and the geological specifics of the territories covered by them; conditions for carrying out and features of the organization of field works; the reliability of the results of individual geological surveys; the presence of unexplored territories. It was found out that all reconnaissance and geological survey work in the study area was carried out in the 30–50s of the XXth century. Medium-scale geological surveys of individual parts of the Graham Coast and adjacent islands were carried out under unfavorable conditions. This led to the fragmentariness of the created geological maps and their heterogeneous support by field observations. Due to poor ice conditions and local features of the organization of geological routes, numerous bays on the Graham Coast, as well as its hard-to-reach inland territories, have remained completely unexplored. Also, many of the islands of the Wilhelm Archipelago were not covered by geological survey. In particular, there was no way to explore those islands that are remote from the navigable Lemaire Channel, Penola Strait and Grandidier Channel. The Argentine Islands are the only site where a large-scale geological survey has been carried out. But the available large-scale geological map of the Argentine Islands has a number of significant disadvantages. The map contains only petrographic data. There are no elements of bedding of rocks, tectonic deformations, zones of postmagmatic changes, manifestations of ore mineralization. The spatial distribution of the main petrographic representatives does not always correspond to the true one. The relative ages of individual geological bodies are insufficiently substantiated, and sometimes, in general, are determined incorrectly. All of the above-mentioned explains why the level of geological knowledge about the area at the time of the creation of the UAS here remained much worse than in the adjacent territories.
{"title":"GEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATIONS IN THE UKRAINIAN ANTARCTIC STATION REGION BEFORE 1996","authors":"O. Mytrokhyn","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.94.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.94.02","url":null,"abstract":"The author submits a chronological account on the history of geological exploration on the Graham Coast and the Wilhelm Archipelago of West Antarctica within the time interval from 1819 to 1996. The state of geological exploration of this area before the creation of the Ukrainian Antarctic Station (UAS) here is determined. A number of conclusions were made regarding: the temporal sequence of individual studies and the geological specifics of the territories covered by them; conditions for carrying out and features of the organization of field works; the reliability of the results of individual geological surveys; the presence of unexplored territories. It was found out that all reconnaissance and geological survey work in the study area was carried out in the 30–50s of the XXth century. Medium-scale geological surveys of individual parts of the Graham Coast and adjacent islands were carried out under unfavorable conditions. This led to the fragmentariness of the created geological maps and their heterogeneous support by field observations. Due to poor ice conditions and local features of the organization of geological routes, numerous bays on the Graham Coast, as well as its hard-to-reach inland territories, have remained completely unexplored. Also, many of the islands of the Wilhelm Archipelago were not covered by geological survey. In particular, there was no way to explore those islands that are remote from the navigable Lemaire Channel, Penola Strait and Grandidier Channel. The Argentine Islands are the only site where a large-scale geological survey has been carried out. But the available large-scale geological map of the Argentine Islands has a number of significant disadvantages. The map contains only petrographic data. There are no elements of bedding of rocks, tectonic deformations, zones of postmagmatic changes, manifestations of ore mineralization. The spatial distribution of the main petrographic representatives does not always correspond to the true one. The relative ages of individual geological bodies are insufficiently substantiated, and sometimes, in general, are determined incorrectly. All of the above-mentioned explains why the level of geological knowledge about the area at the time of the creation of the UAS here remained much worse than in the adjacent territories.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85305053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.93.07
T. Kharytonova, V. Nosik, A. Kostruba, V. Mikhailov, M. Kurilo
There is a strong bonding of categories when we are to consider problems connected with land. The constant development of social relations brings the necessity to notice what is vital for the legislation to follow those changes. In that order, there is unambiguity in resolving land disputes, particularly about subsoil use. The spatial use of land rights raises a question of clear legislative criteria for their application. For us, it refers to the consideration of the "upper" and "lower" limits of rights distribution. Accordingly, this article investigates the rules of legislation for land and subsoil use. The object of the study is legal problems arising from social relations regarding land and subsoil use. As for the methodology, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, abstraction, generalization, historical and legal methods, formal-legal (dogmatic) method, comparative-legal and sociological-legal methods, legal modeling, and critical-legal method. It has been concluded that domestic legal doctrine includes two approaches to the distribution of owner's rights for the underground space. Additionally, there is a problem of legal demarcation between land and subsoil use. As a result of the study, we offer some ways to solve this issue.
{"title":"THE CORRELATION BETWEEN LAND AND SUBSOIL USE WHEN USING UNDERGROUND SPACE","authors":"T. Kharytonova, V. Nosik, A. Kostruba, V. Mikhailov, M. Kurilo","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.93.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.07","url":null,"abstract":"There is a strong bonding of categories when we are to consider problems connected with land. The constant development of social relations brings the necessity to notice what is vital for the legislation to follow those changes. In that order, there is unambiguity in resolving land disputes, particularly about subsoil use. The spatial use of land rights raises a question of clear legislative criteria for their application. For us, it refers to the consideration of the \"upper\" and \"lower\" limits of rights distribution. Accordingly, this article investigates the rules of legislation for land and subsoil use. The object of the study is legal problems arising from social relations regarding land and subsoil use. As for the methodology, the following methods were used: analysis, synthesis, deduction, induction, abstraction, generalization, historical and legal methods, formal-legal (dogmatic) method, comparative-legal and sociological-legal methods, legal modeling, and critical-legal method. It has been concluded that domestic legal doctrine includes two approaches to the distribution of owner's rights for the underground space. Additionally, there is a problem of legal demarcation between land and subsoil use. As a result of the study, we offer some ways to solve this issue.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"369 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72505578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.94.07
М. Bankovskyi, А. Geikhman, І. Potapchuk
The paper considers a methodology for studying the deep structure of the Earth and searching for mineral deposits, primarily oil and gas, based on wave (holographic) transformation of the data of gravitational, magnetic and geothermal fields into a spatial 3D model of these fields in combination with geological and seismic studies. The paper presents the physical principles on which the theory of the method is based and describes the methodology and software package that implements the method. The examples of the application of the holographic method for studying the deep structure of the Earth, tracing faults and searching for minerals the prospects for applying this approach are shown. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the proposed method, if desired, can be successfully used both for studying the deep structure of the Earth and for searching for various mineral deposits.
{"title":"APPLICATION OF THE WAVE METHOD CONTINUATION OF POTENTIAL FIELDS IN THE LOWER HALF AREA TO STUDY THE DEEP STRUCTURE OF THE EARTH AND SEARCH FOR MINERAL DEPOSITS","authors":"М. Bankovskyi, А. Geikhman, І. Potapchuk","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.94.07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.94.07","url":null,"abstract":"The paper considers a methodology for studying the deep structure of the Earth and searching for mineral deposits, primarily oil and gas, based on wave (holographic) transformation of the data of gravitational, magnetic and geothermal fields into a spatial 3D model of these fields in combination with geological and seismic studies. The paper presents the physical principles on which the theory of the method is based and describes the methodology and software package that implements the method. The examples of the application of the holographic method for studying the deep structure of the Earth, tracing faults and searching for minerals the prospects for applying this approach are shown. The practical significance of the work lies in the fact that the proposed method, if desired, can be successfully used both for studying the deep structure of the Earth and for searching for various mineral deposits.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90620614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.92.06
O. Menshov
methods for studying the near surface geological section and soil of hydrocarbon fields is a fast, energy-saving and cheap technology. The technique is the same for the unconventional or classical type, thus the genesis of the deposit is not important. The high information content of magnetometry in oil and gas exploration is based on the assumption of hydrocarbon migration (microseepage). This fact is confirmed by seismic, radioactive, and geochemical methods. The case study from hydrocarbon deposit at the area of Balabanovka, Bogodukhovsky district, Kharkov region, is considered. At this stage, we analyze only a part of the reconnaissance materials. The soil is deep medium-humus chernozems. We collected 29 samples at the areas of hydrocarbon influence: well Nedilna-1 (productive) and Nedilna-2 (non-productive). In laboratory conditions, the mass-specific magnetic susceptibility ( χ , MS) was measured with kappabridge KLY (Agico, Czech Republic), and its frequency dependence χ fd by the MS2B (Bartington, UK). The content of hexane in soil was determined at the laboratory of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine. The maps were built using the IDW interpolation method in the ArcGIS environment., There are areas of overlap of increased MS values and decreased values of the hexane content in the western part. The increased MS values were registered in the zone of the productive well Nedilna-1. The average MS values were detected near the non-productive well Nedilna-2. The maximum values of the hexane content were registered near both wells. The correlation analysis of MS and the content of hexane in soils showed the presence of an average negative relationship: R= -0.4 (n=28, p<0.05, r ≥ 0.3233). Hydrocarbons and their oxidation products have significant migratory mobility, which leads to the formation of autogenous magnetic minerals from the deposit zone to the soil. The result is the formation of anomalous values of magnetic susceptibility, remanent magnetization, and other magnetic parameters.
{"title":"THE ROLE OF MAGNETIC METHODS IN THE STUDY OF AREAS OF THE TIGHT OIL AND GAS: INTRODUCTION","authors":"O. Menshov","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.06","url":null,"abstract":"methods for studying the near surface geological section and soil of hydrocarbon fields is a fast, energy-saving and cheap technology. The technique is the same for the unconventional or classical type, thus the genesis of the deposit is not important. The high information content of magnetometry in oil and gas exploration is based on the assumption of hydrocarbon migration (microseepage). This fact is confirmed by seismic, radioactive, and geochemical methods. The case study from hydrocarbon deposit at the area of Balabanovka, Bogodukhovsky district, Kharkov region, is considered. At this stage, we analyze only a part of the reconnaissance materials. The soil is deep medium-humus chernozems. We collected 29 samples at the areas of hydrocarbon influence: well Nedilna-1 (productive) and Nedilna-2 (non-productive). In laboratory conditions, the mass-specific magnetic susceptibility ( χ , MS) was measured with kappabridge KLY (Agico, Czech Republic), and its frequency dependence χ fd by the MS2B (Bartington, UK). The content of hexane in soil was determined at the laboratory of the Institute of Geological Sciences of the NAS of Ukraine. The maps were built using the IDW interpolation method in the ArcGIS environment., There are areas of overlap of increased MS values and decreased values of the hexane content in the western part. The increased MS values were registered in the zone of the productive well Nedilna-1. The average MS values were detected near the non-productive well Nedilna-2. The maximum values of the hexane content were registered near both wells. The correlation analysis of MS and the content of hexane in soils showed the presence of an average negative relationship: R= -0.4 (n=28, p<0.05, r ≥ 0.3233). Hydrocarbons and their oxidation products have significant migratory mobility, which leads to the formation of autogenous magnetic minerals from the deposit zone to the soil. The result is the formation of anomalous values of magnetic susceptibility, remanent magnetization, and other magnetic parameters.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86197496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.92.08
S. Vyzhva, І. Мykhalevych
The article tells about the process of selecting basic criteria for assessing the expediency of drilling to prospect the lithological objects within the Northern Edge of Dnieper-Donets Depression. The work proposes detailed description of the types of analysis required in order to decide whether it is reasonable to drill a prospecting well to target the lithological object. It offers to regard the examples of the lithological objects with and without the presence of the structural factor in Moscovian and Bashkirian deposits. A real example of successful identification of the lithological object within Moscovian horizons M-6 and M-7 has been demonstrated. The conclusions of the performed analyses have been confirmed by the actual drilling results. Specific analytical approaches have been demonstrated upon the condition of seismic wave field anomaly presence confirmed by various seismic attributes (pre-stack and post-stack). The main tool for working with non-structural bodies is detailed quantitative interpretation of the identified objects. Based on the described material this article recommends to perform, at least, the AVO study and pre-stack inversion. If all quantitative attributes demonstrate the same positive result, such object should be recommended for prospecting drilling. In case, different methods provide different results, it indicates high probability of water saturation in the horizons within the positive lithological conditions. Three main alternative criteria have been identified to serve the basis for lithological objects assessment and making the decision on expediency of the prospecting drilling. Within the Northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression, those three criteria are: 1) the shape of seismic anomaly – the more mosaic it is, the higher probability that it has been shaped at the account of residual/weak gas saturation or it is due to specifics of the processing/field acquisition; 2) the area of seismic anomaly (typically, seismic anomalies proven by drilling within the Northern Edge of DDD have area of 1 km 2 and more); 3) correlation of seismic anomaly with earlier drilled wells (and their drilling results in certain horizons) and negative mini-depression type structural anomalies.
{"title":"COMPLEX CRITERIA OF ASSESSING LITHOLOGICAL OBJECTS FOR DRILLING PROSPECTING WELLS AT THE NORTHERN EDGE OF THE DNIEPER-DONETS DEPRESSION","authors":"S. Vyzhva, І. Мykhalevych","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.92.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.92.08","url":null,"abstract":"The article tells about the process of selecting basic criteria for assessing the expediency of drilling to prospect the lithological objects within the Northern Edge of Dnieper-Donets Depression. The work proposes detailed description of the types of analysis required in order to decide whether it is reasonable to drill a prospecting well to target the lithological object. It offers to regard the examples of the lithological objects with and without the presence of the structural factor in Moscovian and Bashkirian deposits. A real example of successful identification of the lithological object within Moscovian horizons M-6 and M-7 has been demonstrated. The conclusions of the performed analyses have been confirmed by the actual drilling results. Specific analytical approaches have been demonstrated upon the condition of seismic wave field anomaly presence confirmed by various seismic attributes (pre-stack and post-stack). The main tool for working with non-structural bodies is detailed quantitative interpretation of the identified objects. Based on the described material this article recommends to perform, at least, the AVO study and pre-stack inversion. If all quantitative attributes demonstrate the same positive result, such object should be recommended for prospecting drilling. In case, different methods provide different results, it indicates high probability of water saturation in the horizons within the positive lithological conditions. Three main alternative criteria have been identified to serve the basis for lithological objects assessment and making the decision on expediency of the prospecting drilling. Within the Northern edge of the Dnieper-Donets Depression, those three criteria are: 1) the shape of seismic anomaly – the more mosaic it is, the higher probability that it has been shaped at the account of residual/weak gas saturation or it is due to specifics of the processing/field acquisition; 2) the area of seismic anomaly (typically, seismic anomalies proven by drilling within the Northern Edge of DDD have area of 1 km 2 and more); 3) correlation of seismic anomaly with earlier drilled wells (and their drilling results in certain horizons) and negative mini-depression type structural anomalies.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"31 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82874686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.93.08
O. Shevchenko, A. Skorbun, V. Osadchiy, D. Charny
Due to the anomalous changes in the groundwater regime over the past 5 years, the question arose about the adequacy and effectiveness of existing methods for predicting their level. The data of monitoring observations from 1951 in the upper part of the Southern Bug river basin are analyzed. The specific underground runoff to the river in the site of Khmilnyk was calculated by the finite difference method. It is established that at the end of the 80s of the last century a 7-8 year cycle began to appear in the fluctuations of the groundwater level (GWT) and groundwater runoff. It correlates well with the cyclicity of the air temperature, and, to a lesser extent, with the cycles of the monthly amount of precipitation. Instead, such rhythms are not at all typical of solar activity, which is characterized by 11-year and 5-6-year cycles. It is in connection with them that the heliosynoptic method of long-term prediction of RGV is based. It is likely that temperature changes occurring on Earth may change the "sun-induced" cyclicity of GWT, so this method of forecasting becomes ineffective. As there is no clear link between temperature changes and solar activity, it is possible that temperature changes are caused by human activity.From 2013-2015, with the beginning of the low water cycle in the study area, the anomalous minima in the GWT mode became more frequent and the cycles were transformed in the direction of their reduction (up to 5-6 years), which may indicate sharp changes in the nature of groundwater storage recovery. Deviations from 8-year cycles and differences in their duration in different parts of the same catchment area are primarily related to differences of GWT. Wavelet analysis was used as the main method of cyclic selection. Using multiple correlation analysis, it was found that in recent decades the temperature has reached a dominant position in terms of the impact on the groundwater regime (at their levels from 1.5 to 4.0 m). As a result, it was noted that our 7-8 year cycles are well traced during the relatively multi-water period caused by increased infiltration of groundwater due to increasing winter thaws (one of the most significant manifestations of global warming), and 5-6 year cycles correspond to low water periods.
{"title":"VARIABLE RHYTHMS IN GROUNDWATER REGIME AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP WITH CLIMATE FACTORS","authors":"O. Shevchenko, A. Skorbun, V. Osadchiy, D. Charny","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.93.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.93.08","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the anomalous changes in the groundwater regime over the past 5 years, the question arose about the adequacy and effectiveness of existing methods for predicting their level. The data of monitoring observations from 1951 in the upper part of the Southern Bug river basin are analyzed. The specific underground runoff to the river in the site of Khmilnyk was calculated by the finite difference method. It is established that at the end of the 80s of the last century a 7-8 year cycle began to appear in the fluctuations of the groundwater level (GWT) and groundwater runoff. It correlates well with the cyclicity of the air temperature, and, to a lesser extent, with the cycles of the monthly amount of precipitation. Instead, such rhythms are not at all typical of solar activity, which is characterized by 11-year and 5-6-year cycles. It is in connection with them that the heliosynoptic method of long-term prediction of RGV is based. It is likely that temperature changes occurring on Earth may change the \"sun-induced\" cyclicity of GWT, so this method of forecasting becomes ineffective. As there is no clear link between temperature changes and solar activity, it is possible that temperature changes are caused by human activity.From 2013-2015, with the beginning of the low water cycle in the study area, the anomalous minima in the GWT mode became more frequent and the cycles were transformed in the direction of their reduction (up to 5-6 years), which may indicate sharp changes in the nature of groundwater storage recovery. Deviations from 8-year cycles and differences in their duration in different parts of the same catchment area are primarily related to differences of GWT. Wavelet analysis was used as the main method of cyclic selection. Using multiple correlation analysis, it was found that in recent decades the temperature has reached a dominant position in terms of the impact on the groundwater regime (at their levels from 1.5 to 4.0 m). As a result, it was noted that our 7-8 year cycles are well traced during the relatively multi-water period caused by increased infiltration of groundwater due to increasing winter thaws (one of the most significant manifestations of global warming), and 5-6 year cycles correspond to low water periods.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"68 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85402027","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.95.09
O. Tunik
The article describes the main study results of the secondary transformations effect on the lower Carboniferous shales at depths exceeding 3 000 m. Using silicate, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis and electron microscopic studies, the structure and the main rock-forming components in core samples were studied. The study showed the presence of both background and imposed epigenetic changes in the studied core samples. The intensity and variety of the secondary transformations increase with depth. It has been confirmed that compaction of clay rocks reduces their porosity and improves sealing properties. The presence of scattered siltstone material does not affect the value of porosity. Porosity increases with increasing of kaolinite content which occurred in result of secondary imposed processes. According to the composition of mineral paragenesis, it was found that the studied shales are at the stage of mesocatagenesis. The further research development for the purpose of approximation of microscopic and geochemical data by means of the extended well logging suit was outlined.
{"title":"INVESTIGATION OF SECONDARY TRANSFORMATIONS WITHIN LOWER CARBONIFEROUS ROCKS OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE DNIEPER-DONETS DEPRESSION","authors":"O. Tunik","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.95.09","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.95.09","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes the main study results of the secondary transformations effect on the lower Carboniferous shales at depths exceeding 3 000 m. Using silicate, energy-dispersive X-ray fluorescence analysis and electron microscopic studies, the structure and the main rock-forming components in core samples were studied. The study showed the presence of both background and imposed epigenetic changes in the studied core samples. The intensity and variety of the secondary transformations increase with depth. It has been confirmed that compaction of clay rocks reduces their porosity and improves sealing properties. The presence of scattered siltstone material does not affect the value of porosity. Porosity increases with increasing of kaolinite content which occurred in result of secondary imposed processes. According to the composition of mineral paragenesis, it was found that the studied shales are at the stage of mesocatagenesis. The further research development for the purpose of approximation of microscopic and geochemical data by means of the extended well logging suit was outlined.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82029353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.95.12
D. Chomko, F. Chomko, N. Cherkashyna, V. Taranov, G. Seifeldin
A new way to study swollen soils as the basis for foundations by methods of mathematical statistics, including cluster, factor and correlation-regression analyses has been proposed in the article. Normative values of the strength characteristics of these soils depending on their physical properties and degree of swelling, application limits, predominant factors and correlations between different indicators of soil properties have been established according to the results of these analyzes. A method of the study area zoning, leading to possible differential application of soils normative characteristics, as well as proposals for designing foundations on swollen soils have been developed. The methods were tested on the soils of Sudan.
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Pub Date : 2021-01-01DOI: 10.17721/1728-2713.94.08
G. Rudko
Extraction of graphite and its use in various spheres of production and technology play a significant role in the economies of many countries. Distinctive characteristics of graphite, which is one of the most common forms of carbon in nature (good electrical conductivity, low hardness, resistance to heat and aggressive environments), are widely used by scientists in various scientific developments. After British researchers of Russian origin from the University of Manchester Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov published an article about properties of the first studied two-dimensional graphene crystal in the journal Science in 2004, and numerous studies of properties of the new material, the demand for graphite ore has been increasing, and, according to some forecasts, it will amount to more than $ 400 million by 2026. Natural flake graphite can be used in new technologies, such as graphene, which is now used in various scientific experiments, as well as in the production of lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, nuclear and solar power plants. Geological conditions of the Zavallivske graphite deposit, which is the main source of graphite in Ukraine, have been briefly presented in the paper, and perspectives of identified areas that can become an additional reserve of graphite ore have been outlined. Significant prognosis resources of graphite in new deposits, which have been recently discovered in Ukraine (Burtynske, Balakhivske, Sachkinsko-Troitske, a number of new sites within the Zavallia area), allow not only to maintain at the appropriate level, but also, if necessary, expand existing mineral raw material base, so Ukraine could become one of the world's largest suppliers of graphite products. Graphene has a great mechanical strength and a very high thermal conductivity. An extremely high mobility of electrons makes graphene a perspective material for the application in various fields, in particular, as a future basis for nanoelectronics and possible replacement of silicon in integrated circuits. Results on the application of unique properties of graphene have been presented.
{"title":"GEOLOGY OF GRAPHITE DEPOSITS OF UKRAINE AND PROSPECTS OF EXTRACTION IN MODERN CONDITIONS","authors":"G. Rudko","doi":"10.17721/1728-2713.94.08","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17721/1728-2713.94.08","url":null,"abstract":"Extraction of graphite and its use in various spheres of production and technology play a significant role in the economies of many countries. Distinctive characteristics of graphite, which is one of the most common forms of carbon in nature (good electrical conductivity, low hardness, resistance to heat and aggressive environments), are widely used by scientists in various scientific developments. After British researchers of Russian origin from the University of Manchester Andre Geim and Konstantin Novoselov published an article about properties of the first studied two-dimensional graphene crystal in the journal Science in 2004, and numerous studies of properties of the new material, the demand for graphite ore has been increasing, and, according to some forecasts, it will amount to more than $ 400 million by 2026. Natural flake graphite can be used in new technologies, such as graphene, which is now used in various scientific experiments, as well as in the production of lithium-ion batteries, fuel cells, nuclear and solar power plants. Geological conditions of the Zavallivske graphite deposit, which is the main source of graphite in Ukraine, have been briefly presented in the paper, and perspectives of identified areas that can become an additional reserve of graphite ore have been outlined. Significant prognosis resources of graphite in new deposits, which have been recently discovered in Ukraine (Burtynske, Balakhivske, Sachkinsko-Troitske, a number of new sites within the Zavallia area), allow not only to maintain at the appropriate level, but also, if necessary, expand existing mineral raw material base, so Ukraine could become one of the world's largest suppliers of graphite products. Graphene has a great mechanical strength and a very high thermal conductivity. An extremely high mobility of electrons makes graphene a perspective material for the application in various fields, in particular, as a future basis for nanoelectronics and possible replacement of silicon in integrated circuits. Results on the application of unique properties of graphene have been presented.","PeriodicalId":42798,"journal":{"name":"Visnyk of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv-Geology","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86554989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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