. This article offers a historical review of (cognitive) scientific research that demonstrates the development of key concepts relating to balances in the hydrological and hydro-climatic cycles, thereby supplying a basis for quantitative and qualitative assessment of renewable water resources. The review reveals the direction knowledge took as it developed through successive cognitive and applied stages. The emphases are on how global and regional hydrological conditioning underpin integrated concepts for the management of water resources. The primary aim of this article is to describe the main achievements, approaches and scientific initiatives, along with their theoretical underpinnings, in the hope of encouraging application and further appreciation. Attention is thus paid to milestones along the road to global development, as manifested in the (at times abruptly changing) effort to better assess and understand the use of water resources in various economic, social and ecological activities. The aim is first and foremost to encourage the achievement of sustainable development as humankind’s main hope for the future. A further focus is on initiatives, scientific issues, and concepts that have been espoused by international organisations and illustrate the increasingly essential harmonious use of water resources at local, regional, continental, and planetary scales. Relevant global conferences have demonstrated wide readiness to adopt declarations, or to issue appeals and resolutions, in support of fuller assessment of renewable water resources. Examples of excessive use have been identified, and efforts have been made to counteract both floods and deficits, and hence avoid crises. These deliberations have also stimulated long-term forecasting, for periods up to 2030 or even 2050. Also stressed here are the challenges, inspirations, and achievements of pure and applied science when it comes assessing the risk that the Earth’s potential to supply water resources will be exceeded. The suitability of current assessments of water resources is evaluated, and reference made to ecologically-integrated answers such as Nature-based solutions (NBS), as backed by the UN and UNESCO (2018) in combination with principles set out in the EU’s Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC).
{"title":"The influence of hydro-climatological balances and Nature-based solutions (NBS) \u0000in the management of water resources","authors":"M. Gutry-Korycka","doi":"10.26491/mhwm/110415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/110415","url":null,"abstract":". This article offers a historical review of (cognitive) scientific research that demonstrates the development of key concepts relating to balances in the hydrological and hydro-climatic cycles, thereby supplying a basis for quantitative and qualitative assessment of renewable water resources. The review reveals the direction knowledge took as it developed through successive cognitive and applied stages. The emphases are on how global and regional hydrological conditioning underpin integrated concepts for the management of water resources. The primary aim of this article is to describe the main achievements, approaches and scientific initiatives, along with their theoretical underpinnings, in the hope of encouraging application and further appreciation. Attention is thus paid to milestones along the road to global development, as manifested in the (at times abruptly changing) effort to better assess and understand the use of water resources in various economic, social and ecological activities. The aim is first and foremost to encourage the achievement of sustainable development as humankind’s main hope for the future. A further focus is on initiatives, scientific issues, and concepts that have been espoused by international organisations and illustrate the increasingly essential harmonious use of water resources at local, regional, continental, and planetary scales. Relevant global conferences have demonstrated wide readiness to adopt declarations, or to issue appeals and resolutions, in support of fuller assessment of renewable water resources. Examples of excessive use have been identified, and efforts have been made to counteract both floods and deficits, and hence avoid crises. These deliberations have also stimulated long-term forecasting, for periods up to 2030 or even 2050. Also stressed here are the challenges, inspirations, and achievements of pure and applied science when it comes assessing the risk that the Earth’s potential to supply water resources will be exceeded. The suitability of current assessments of water resources is evaluated, and reference made to ecologically-integrated answers such as Nature-based solutions (NBS), as backed by the UN and UNESCO (2018) in combination with principles set out in the EU’s Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC).","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77830284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Flow descriptors for parametric hydrographs accounting for afforestation of the catchment","authors":"W. Gądek, B. Baziak, T. Tokarczyk, Marek Bodziony","doi":"10.26491/mhwm/111033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/111033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"54 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72539000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Popat, A. Kuleshov, R. Kronenberg, C. Bernhofer
. This study focuses on precipitation-discharge data-driven models, with regression analysis between the weighted maximum rainfall and maximum discharge of flood events. It is also the first of its kind investigation for the Wernersbach catchment, which incorporates data-driven models in order to evaluate the suitability of the model in simulating the discharge from the catchment and provide good insights for future studies. The input parameters are hydrological and climate data collected from 2001 to 2009, including precipitation, rainfall-runoff and soil moisture. The statistical regression and artificial neural network models used are based on a data-driven multiple linear regression technique, and the same input parameters are applied for validation and calibration. The artificial neural network model has one hidden layer with a sigmoidal activation function and uses a linear activation function in the output layer. The artificial neural network is observed to model 0.7% and 0.5% of values, with and without extreme values respectively. With less than 1% error, the artificial neural network is observed to predict extreme events better compared to the conventional statistical regression model and is also better suited to the tasks of rainfall-runoff and flood forecasting. It is presumed that in the future this study’s conclusions would form the basis for more complex and detailed studies for the same catchment area.
{"title":"Data-driven discharge analysis: A case study for the Wernersbach catchment, Germany","authors":"E. Popat, A. Kuleshov, R. Kronenberg, C. Bernhofer","doi":"10.26491/mhwm/112284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/112284","url":null,"abstract":". This study focuses on precipitation-discharge data-driven models, with regression analysis between the weighted maximum rainfall and maximum discharge of flood events. It is also the first of its kind investigation for the Wernersbach catchment, which incorporates data-driven models in order to evaluate the suitability of the model in simulating the discharge from the catchment and provide good insights for future studies. The input parameters are hydrological and climate data collected from 2001 to 2009, including precipitation, rainfall-runoff and soil moisture. The statistical regression and artificial neural network models used are based on a data-driven multiple linear regression technique, and the same input parameters are applied for validation and calibration. The artificial neural network model has one hidden layer with a sigmoidal activation function and uses a linear activation function in the output layer. The artificial neural network is observed to model 0.7% and 0.5% of values, with and without extreme values respectively. With less than 1% error, the artificial neural network is observed to predict extreme events better compared to the conventional statistical regression model and is also better suited to the tasks of rainfall-runoff and flood forecasting. It is presumed that in the future this study’s conclusions would form the basis for more complex and detailed studies for the same catchment area.","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"5 11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78487265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Integrated Assessment of Change in Contribution of Excessive Moisture Effects to Farming Risks in the Humid Zone of Western Russia","authors":"M. Nikolaev","doi":"10.26491/mhwm/111543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/111543","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76572040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The influence of meteorological and hydrological factors on the operation and performance of a semi-natural rainwater purification plant","authors":"A. Wałęga, Dariusz Młyński, A. Radecki-Pawlik","doi":"10.26491/mhwm/111032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/mhwm/111032","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"302 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75663456","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Regmi, J. Bhusal, Praju Gurung, Z. Zulkafli, T. Karpouzoglou, B. Ochoa‐Tocachi, W. Buytaert, Feng Mao
Participatory monitoring allows communities to understand the use and management of local water resources and at the same time develop a sense of ownership of environmental information. The data generated through participatory monitoring of stream flow and rainfall generate evidences to corroborate local people’s experiences with changing water resources patterns. In this study we evaluate the potential of participatory monitoring of hydrological variables to improve scarce water supply utilization in agriculture. The case study site is the Mustang district in Nepal, which is located in the Upper Kaligandaki River Basin in the Himalayas with unique and complex geographical and climatic features. This region is characterized by a semi-arid climate with total annual precipitation of less than 300 mm. Water supply, agricultural land, and livestock grazing are the key ecosystem services that underpin livelihood security of the local population, particularly socio-economically vulnerable groups. An analysis of the measured stream flow data indicate that annual flow of water in the stream can meet the current crop irrigation water needs for the agricultural land of the research site. The data provide local farmers a new way of understanding local water needs. Participatory monitoring would contribute to an optimization of the use of ecosystem services to support economic development and livelihood improvement.
{"title":"Learning to cope with water variability through participatory monitoring: The case study of the Mountainous region, Nepal","authors":"S. Regmi, J. Bhusal, Praju Gurung, Z. Zulkafli, T. Karpouzoglou, B. Ochoa‐Tocachi, W. Buytaert, Feng Mao","doi":"10.26491/MHWM/106021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/MHWM/106021","url":null,"abstract":"Participatory monitoring allows communities to understand the use and management of local water resources and at the same time develop a sense of ownership of environmental information. The data generated through participatory monitoring of stream flow and rainfall generate evidences to corroborate local people’s experiences with changing water resources patterns. In this study we evaluate the potential of participatory monitoring of hydrological variables to improve scarce water supply utilization in agriculture. The case study site is the Mustang district in Nepal, which is located in the Upper Kaligandaki River Basin in the Himalayas with unique and complex geographical and climatic features. This region is characterized by a semi-arid climate with total annual precipitation of less than 300 mm. Water supply, agricultural land, and livestock grazing are the key ecosystem services that underpin livelihood security of the local population, particularly socio-economically vulnerable groups. An analysis of the measured stream flow data indicate that annual flow of water in the stream can meet the current crop irrigation water needs for the agricultural land of the research site. The data provide local farmers a new way of understanding local water needs. Participatory monitoring would contribute to an optimization of the use of ecosystem services to support economic development and livelihood improvement.","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90050512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kouidri Sofiane, M. Abdesselam, Ghenim Abderrahmane Nekkache
{"title":"Long-term seasonal characterization of extreme drought and flooding variability and their evolution in northwest Algeria","authors":"Kouidri Sofiane, M. Abdesselam, Ghenim Abderrahmane Nekkache","doi":"10.26491/MHWM/106101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/MHWM/106101","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"21 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78098347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sensitivities of the Tidtke and Kain-Fritsch Convection Schemes for RegCM4.5 over West Africa","authors":"M. Adeniyi","doi":"10.26491/MHWM/103797","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/MHWM/103797","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73759090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study identified homogeneous rainfall regions using a combination of cluster analysis and the L-moments approach. The L-moments of heavy rainfall events of various durations (0.25, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h) were analysed using seasonal (June-September) rainfall measurements at 47 meteorological stations over the period 20062016. In the primary phase of this study, the homogeneity of Mumbai as a single region was examined by statistical testing (based on L-moment ratios and variations of the L-moments). The K-means clustering approach was applied to the site characteristics to identify candidate regions. Based on the most appropriate distribution, these regions were subsequently tested using at-site statistics to form the final homogeneous regions. For durations above 1h, the regionalisation procedure delineated six clusters of similarly behaved rain gauges, where each cluster represented one separate class of variables for the rain gauges. However, for durations below 1h, the regionalisation procedure was not efficient in the sense of identifying homogeneous regions for rainfall. Furthermore, the final clusters confirmed that the spatial variation of rainfall was related to the complex topography, which comprised flatlands (below or at mean sea level), urban areas with high rise buildings, and mountainous and hilly areas.
{"title":"Homogeneous Regionalization via L-Moments for Mumbai City, India","authors":"Amit Sharad Parchure, S. Gedam","doi":"10.26491/MHWM/109821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/MHWM/109821","url":null,"abstract":"This study identified homogeneous rainfall regions using a combination of cluster analysis and the L-moments approach. The L-moments of heavy rainfall events of various durations (0.25, 1, 6, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 120 h) were analysed using seasonal (June-September) rainfall measurements at 47 meteorological stations over the period 20062016. In the primary phase of this study, the homogeneity of Mumbai as a single region was examined by statistical testing (based on L-moment ratios and variations of the L-moments). The K-means clustering approach was applied to the site characteristics to identify candidate regions. Based on the most appropriate distribution, these regions were subsequently tested using at-site statistics to form the final homogeneous regions. For durations above 1h, the regionalisation procedure delineated six clusters of similarly behaved rain gauges, where each cluster represented one separate class of variables for the rain gauges. However, for durations below 1h, the regionalisation procedure was not efficient in the sense of identifying homogeneous regions for rainfall. Furthermore, the final clusters confirmed that the spatial variation of rainfall was related to the complex topography, which comprised flatlands (below or at mean sea level), urban areas with high rise buildings, and mountainous and hilly areas.","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73947227","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, the long-term variability of global solar radiation in the agricultural area of Lower Silesia is analyzed based on a 56-year long (1961-2016) measurement series recorded at the Agroand Hydro-meteorological Wrocław-Swojec Observatory (SW Poland). Yearly and monthly global radiation sums with their extreme and mean values were compared with radiation data from Warsaw (Central Poland) and Potsdam (East Germany). The dynamics of variability between consecutive months, seasons and years was also taken into account. The conducted positive trends show a significant increase in the investigated global radiation sums for Lower Silesia and also for Central Poland and the eastern part of Germany. The trends are strongly related to long-term macro-circulation changes in the North Hemisphere, particularly with the phases and sub-phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The relations between the investigated values of global solar radiation and these macro-circulation patterns are very complicated and they very often have an asynchronous character. The first, juvenile stage of the NAO positive phase (the 1970s and 1980s), when annual sums of global solar radiation in Wrocław-Swojec reached only the average level of about 3 700 MJ∙m and warm half-year about 2 800 MJ∙m respectively, was cloudy and rainy. This period was distinctly different than the advanced stage of one (the 1990’s and later years) with bigger sunshine duration and smaller annual precipitation, when the adequate radiation sums amount to 3 900-4 000 MJ∙m and 3 000-3 100 MJ∙m respectively.
{"title":"Multi-annual variability of global solar radiation in the agricultural part of Lower Silesia (SW Poland) and its relationship to the North Atlantic Oscillation","authors":"K. Bryś, Tadeusz Bryś","doi":"10.26491/MHWM/103461","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.26491/MHWM/103461","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the long-term variability of global solar radiation in the agricultural area of Lower Silesia is analyzed based on a 56-year long (1961-2016) measurement series recorded at the Agroand Hydro-meteorological Wrocław-Swojec Observatory (SW Poland). Yearly and monthly global radiation sums with their extreme and mean values were compared with radiation data from Warsaw (Central Poland) and Potsdam (East Germany). The dynamics of variability between consecutive months, seasons and years was also taken into account. The conducted positive trends show a significant increase in the investigated global radiation sums for Lower Silesia and also for Central Poland and the eastern part of Germany. The trends are strongly related to long-term macro-circulation changes in the North Hemisphere, particularly with the phases and sub-phases of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO). The relations between the investigated values of global solar radiation and these macro-circulation patterns are very complicated and they very often have an asynchronous character. The first, juvenile stage of the NAO positive phase (the 1970s and 1980s), when annual sums of global solar radiation in Wrocław-Swojec reached only the average level of about 3 700 MJ∙m and warm half-year about 2 800 MJ∙m respectively, was cloudy and rainy. This period was distinctly different than the advanced stage of one (the 1990’s and later years) with bigger sunshine duration and smaller annual precipitation, when the adequate radiation sums amount to 3 900-4 000 MJ∙m and 3 000-3 100 MJ∙m respectively.","PeriodicalId":42852,"journal":{"name":"Meteorology Hydrology and Water Management-Research and Operational Applications","volume":"364 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76426783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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