Pub Date : 2021-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2021.1898146
C. Noack
Some reviewers of Alan Roe’s Into Russian Nature, and I am no exception, use the term ‘fascinating’ to characterise his monograph. It is a truly breathtaking story about Soviet nature and protected areas, and Soviet environmentalists and their quixotic struggle with bureaucratic and ideological windmills. It is a story about Soviet scientists, their plans and dreams related to national parks and nature conservation. It is also about the birth of the green movement in the USSR and its connections with the West, and about the phenomenon of Soviet tourism, as well as about disappointments and crushed hopes. The book is based on a vast range of primary sources: Roe uses data from the Russian state, local and private archives, newspaper publications, interviews with participants and photos and maps. The book consists of three parts, the first covering the history of the struggle for national parks, the second presenting stories of four Russian national parks, and the third part being dedicated to the situation in the country in the early 1990s and including the author’s reflections on the crisis of the entire system of protected areas. Roe begins the narrative with the idea of protected areas that originated in the Russian Empire. In the first four chapters, Roe does not lay out the history of Soviet protected areas from year to year, but rather briefly outlines key events and milestones. His statement that the ‘Russian national park story ... does not fit neatly into traditional political chronologies’ (p. 7) is applicable for the last 30 years; however, the Soviet period in the history of protected areas shows otherwise. The history of Soviet nature reserves (zapovedniki) is closely connected with the political history of the country. The industrialisa-tion of the 1930s led to a shift from nature conservation to its active use. The Stalin purges of the 1930s affected the staff of protected areas and the repres-sions of the early 1950s, along with the ‘doctors’ plot’ and the ‘Mingrelian affair’, resulted in a massive reduction in the number of nature reserves. Some of these areas were restored during the Khrushchev thaw, when the USSR joined the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 1956, but by 1961 there were already new reductions in the system of protected areas and a general ‘tightening of the screws’ followed. The connection between the development of tourism and Soviet and later Russian nature reserves and national parks is the cornerstone of Roe’s monograph. He traces throughout the book two opposing ideas among Soviet environmentalists. Some advocated the protection of nature from hordes of tourists with their ‘destructive rituals’ (p. 55), loud songs, drums, guitars,
{"title":"Into Russian nature: tourism, environmental protection, and national parks in the twentieth century","authors":"C. Noack","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2021.1898146","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2021.1898146","url":null,"abstract":"Some reviewers of Alan Roe’s Into Russian Nature, and I am no exception, use the term ‘fascinating’ to characterise his monograph. It is a truly breathtaking story about Soviet nature and protected areas, and Soviet environmentalists and their quixotic struggle with bureaucratic and ideological windmills. It is a story about Soviet scientists, their plans and dreams related to national parks and nature conservation. It is also about the birth of the green movement in the USSR and its connections with the West, and about the phenomenon of Soviet tourism, as well as about disappointments and crushed hopes. The book is based on a vast range of primary sources: Roe uses data from the Russian state, local and private archives, newspaper publications, interviews with participants and photos and maps. The book consists of three parts, the first covering the history of the struggle for national parks, the second presenting stories of four Russian national parks, and the third part being dedicated to the situation in the country in the early 1990s and including the author’s reflections on the crisis of the entire system of protected areas. Roe begins the narrative with the idea of protected areas that originated in the Russian Empire. In the first four chapters, Roe does not lay out the history of Soviet protected areas from year to year, but rather briefly outlines key events and milestones. His statement that the ‘Russian national park story ... does not fit neatly into traditional political chronologies’ (p. 7) is applicable for the last 30 years; however, the Soviet period in the history of protected areas shows otherwise. The history of Soviet nature reserves (zapovedniki) is closely connected with the political history of the country. The industrialisa-tion of the 1930s led to a shift from nature conservation to its active use. The Stalin purges of the 1930s affected the staff of protected areas and the repres-sions of the early 1950s, along with the ‘doctors’ plot’ and the ‘Mingrelian affair’, resulted in a massive reduction in the number of nature reserves. Some of these areas were restored during the Khrushchev thaw, when the USSR joined the International Union for Conservation of Nature in 1956, but by 1961 there were already new reductions in the system of protected areas and a general ‘tightening of the screws’ followed. The connection between the development of tourism and Soviet and later Russian nature reserves and national parks is the cornerstone of Roe’s monograph. He traces throughout the book two opposing ideas among Soviet environmentalists. Some advocated the protection of nature from hordes of tourists with their ‘destructive rituals’ (p. 55), loud songs, drums, guitars,","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182X.2021.1898146","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49632365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1829102
Taso G. Lagos, Charanpreet Samra, Haley Anderson, Sydney Baker, Jasmine Leung, Arica Kincheloe, Brooke Manning, Dylan Olivia Tizon, Helena Gabrielle Franchino
ABSTRACT Modern Greece may be one of the first European states to be branded for touristic exploitation from its very inception. This branding resides undemocratically within its national consciousness and highlights a few select elements of Greece’s storied history and culture at the expense and deliberate exclusion of other facets, a process that skews the country's sociocultural development. The overwhelming economic reliance on tourism and the hospitality industry, as Greece’s largest by revenues and one of its biggest employers, places the country on a capricious publicity treadmill that undergirds the nation-branding project: ‘positive’ images that attract foreign tourists and ‘negative’ news that repel them and therefore severely impact its economy. This paper examines the role news publicity plays on tourist flows into Greece and discusses the degree to which positive or negative news impact the country's touristic marketplace, particularly news stories involving the extraordinary refugee crisis in Greece in 2015–16. It considers who best ‘narrates’ Greece as a socially imagined entity to the world: governing, social and business elites responsible for nation-branding’s image construction, or ordinary citizens who embody the nation-state in its quotidian reality but who have little if any stakehold in this process?
{"title":"Narrating Hellas: tourism, news publicity and the refugee Crisis's impact on Greece's ‘Nation-Brand’","authors":"Taso G. Lagos, Charanpreet Samra, Haley Anderson, Sydney Baker, Jasmine Leung, Arica Kincheloe, Brooke Manning, Dylan Olivia Tizon, Helena Gabrielle Franchino","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1829102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1829102","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Modern Greece may be one of the first European states to be branded for touristic exploitation from its very inception. This branding resides undemocratically within its national consciousness and highlights a few select elements of Greece’s storied history and culture at the expense and deliberate exclusion of other facets, a process that skews the country's sociocultural development. The overwhelming economic reliance on tourism and the hospitality industry, as Greece’s largest by revenues and one of its biggest employers, places the country on a capricious publicity treadmill that undergirds the nation-branding project: ‘positive’ images that attract foreign tourists and ‘negative’ news that repel them and therefore severely impact its economy. This paper examines the role news publicity plays on tourist flows into Greece and discusses the degree to which positive or negative news impact the country's touristic marketplace, particularly news stories involving the extraordinary refugee crisis in Greece in 2015–16. It considers who best ‘narrates’ Greece as a socially imagined entity to the world: governing, social and business elites responsible for nation-branding’s image construction, or ordinary citizens who embody the nation-state in its quotidian reality but who have little if any stakehold in this process?","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1829102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45316683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846888
Sune Bechmann Pedersen
{"title":"Heritage tourism in China: modernity, identity and sustainability","authors":"Sune Bechmann Pedersen","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846888","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846888","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47069406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846889
K. James
There has been no dearth of interest in hotels amongst historians, sociologists, literary scholars, geographers and cultural studies researchers—either in the past few years, in recent decades, or ...
{"title":"Hotel London: how Victorian commercial hospitality shaped a nation and its stories","authors":"K. James","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846889","url":null,"abstract":"There has been no dearth of interest in hotels amongst historians, sociologists, literary scholars, geographers and cultural studies researchers—either in the past few years, in recent decades, or ...","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846889","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49566909","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857096
Polona Sitar
ABSTRACT This article outlines how citizens of socialist Slovenia spent their leisure time, where and when they went on holidays, and what role consumption played during those times. It is based on the argument that tourism as a form of modern leisure is associated with consumption, wherefore consumerism and tourism are interconnected phenomena. While also arguing that labour and leisure are entwined, the article studies the mutually constructive relationship between work and leisure through the perspective of holidays and the consumption of goods and services in the form of trade-union tourism and cross-border shopping. As regards the tourism sector development process, this article also fills a gap in our understanding of the intersection between domestic and commercial tourism. This contribution to the social history of tourism in Yugoslav socialism is based on both archival sources and oral history, with semi-structured interviews conducted with interlocutors.
{"title":"Workers becoming tourists and consumers: social history of tourism in socialist Slovenia and Yugoslavia","authors":"Polona Sitar","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857096","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article outlines how citizens of socialist Slovenia spent their leisure time, where and when they went on holidays, and what role consumption played during those times. It is based on the argument that tourism as a form of modern leisure is associated with consumption, wherefore consumerism and tourism are interconnected phenomena. While also arguing that labour and leisure are entwined, the article studies the mutually constructive relationship between work and leisure through the perspective of holidays and the consumption of goods and services in the form of trade-union tourism and cross-border shopping. As regards the tourism sector development process, this article also fills a gap in our understanding of the intersection between domestic and commercial tourism. This contribution to the social history of tourism in Yugoslav socialism is based on both archival sources and oral history, with semi-structured interviews conducted with interlocutors.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44313899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1854354
G. Verhoeven
ABSTRACT Overtourism is often seen as a modern phenomenon without a history. Drawing on the parliamentary proceedings of the Belgian Chamber of representatives, this paper explores how concerns about crowding and carrying capacity already fuelled a protracted parliamentary debate about camping in Les Trente Glorieuses (1945–’75). Even though ‘tent cloth vacationing’ was seen as an important tool to democratise tourism, it was not always applauded in the Belgian hemicycle. Urged by the powerful lobby of hotel and restaurant owners, conservative representatives emphasised the many inconveniences of camping – zeroing in on the loose morals, the bad hygiene, the lack of environmental planning, the ecological threats – and pressed for more regulation. At the same time, these arguments were unmasked by social democrats as a smoke screen to curb the ‘unruly’ proliferation of campsites. In Belgium, the debate was deeply influenced by the limited carrying capacity of the North Sea coast. With barely 40 miles of coastline, Belgium was short of natural resources. It fuelled a policy whereby priority was given to hotels and holiday homes, while camping was curbed or left to its own devices.
{"title":"No campers wanted: mass tourism and the discouragement of ‘tent cloth vacationing’ in Belgium’s Trente Glorieuses (1945–’75)","authors":"G. Verhoeven","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1854354","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1854354","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Overtourism is often seen as a modern phenomenon without a history. Drawing on the parliamentary proceedings of the Belgian Chamber of representatives, this paper explores how concerns about crowding and carrying capacity already fuelled a protracted parliamentary debate about camping in Les Trente Glorieuses (1945–’75). Even though ‘tent cloth vacationing’ was seen as an important tool to democratise tourism, it was not always applauded in the Belgian hemicycle. Urged by the powerful lobby of hotel and restaurant owners, conservative representatives emphasised the many inconveniences of camping – zeroing in on the loose morals, the bad hygiene, the lack of environmental planning, the ecological threats – and pressed for more regulation. At the same time, these arguments were unmasked by social democrats as a smoke screen to curb the ‘unruly’ proliferation of campsites. In Belgium, the debate was deeply influenced by the limited carrying capacity of the North Sea coast. With barely 40 miles of coastline, Belgium was short of natural resources. It fuelled a policy whereby priority was given to hotels and holiday homes, while camping was curbed or left to its own devices.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1854354","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44522934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846895
A. Brodie
{"title":"The amusement park: history, culture and the heritage of pleasure","authors":"A. Brodie","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846895","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846895","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49669833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857545
Eric G. E. Zuelow
{"title":"Editor’s introduction","authors":"Eric G. E. Zuelow","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857545","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857545","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1857545","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48568071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1856203
T. Feys
ABSTRACT International migration and tourism developed into cornerstones of modern societies and have many common features: they generally pass through the same routes, are served and controlled by similar actors, and often depend on each other as for instance with the prevalence of migrant labour in the tourism industry. Despite these entanglements which sometimes blur the lines between tourists and migrants, there has been very little scholarly attention aimed at connecting both fields, not least from a historical perspective. Using sources generated by the Foreigners Police, a body responsible for monitoring all non-nationals in Belgium and expelling ‘undesirables’, this article analyses how mobility controls addressing tourists and migrants evolved in Ostend, one of the most prominent European tourist resorts during the nineteenth century. This article tests how mobility controls in resorts deviated from national guidelines and explores whether security concerns about controlling foreigners weighed up against economic benefits derived from international mobility. How did authorities differentiate tourists from migrants and to what extent did mobility controls of migrants overlap and differ with those addressing tourists? By exploring the entanglements between mobility and migration controls the article seeks to encourage tourism and migration scholars to engage in broader debates.
{"title":"From queen of seaside resorts to expulsion corridor: monitoring the entry, stay, and expulsion of foreigners in Ostend (1838–1914)","authors":"T. Feys","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1856203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1856203","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT International migration and tourism developed into cornerstones of modern societies and have many common features: they generally pass through the same routes, are served and controlled by similar actors, and often depend on each other as for instance with the prevalence of migrant labour in the tourism industry. Despite these entanglements which sometimes blur the lines between tourists and migrants, there has been very little scholarly attention aimed at connecting both fields, not least from a historical perspective. Using sources generated by the Foreigners Police, a body responsible for monitoring all non-nationals in Belgium and expelling ‘undesirables’, this article analyses how mobility controls addressing tourists and migrants evolved in Ostend, one of the most prominent European tourist resorts during the nineteenth century. This article tests how mobility controls in resorts deviated from national guidelines and explores whether security concerns about controlling foreigners weighed up against economic benefits derived from international mobility. How did authorities differentiate tourists from migrants and to what extent did mobility controls of migrants overlap and differ with those addressing tourists? By exploring the entanglements between mobility and migration controls the article seeks to encourage tourism and migration scholars to engage in broader debates.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1856203","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48673475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-09-01DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846891
Patrick R. Young
{"title":"German soldiers and the occupation of France, 1940–1944","authors":"Patrick R. Young","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846891","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/1755182x.2020.1846891","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43201109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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