Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2091667
E. Ward
ABSTRACT This article narrates Singaporean tourism development vis-à-vis conventional hotel-based and expensive public relations campaign models of tourism development championed by Western multi-lateral and private institutions in the postcolonial period. Using documents from the National Archives of Singapore, this article contends that Singapore opted for an infrastructure-led, aviation-based tourism development model, which culminated in the creation of an airport – Changi – which was as much a destination as a transit point. In achieving this approach to travel as tourism, the People’s Action Party highlighted the global advantages of an attractive airport and traveller amenities that made it an ideal global transit point in Southeast Asia.
{"title":"‘An Entrepot for Tourism’: from developmental tourism to gateway travel in Singapore, 1937–2019","authors":"E. Ward","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2091667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2091667","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article narrates Singaporean tourism development vis-à-vis conventional hotel-based and expensive public relations campaign models of tourism development championed by Western multi-lateral and private institutions in the postcolonial period. Using documents from the National Archives of Singapore, this article contends that Singapore opted for an infrastructure-led, aviation-based tourism development model, which culminated in the creation of an airport – Changi – which was as much a destination as a transit point. In achieving this approach to travel as tourism, the People’s Action Party highlighted the global advantages of an attractive airport and traveller amenities that made it an ideal global transit point in Southeast Asia.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44315087","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048699
Per Catharina Backhuis
ABSTRACT From the 1970s onwards, media commentators, politicians and a wide range of other actors increasingly criticised Western mass tourism to the Global South and highlighted how the perceived misbehaviour of tourists was causing socio-cultural problems. This article analyzes how in the Federal Republic of Germany, social scientists sought to change the perceptions and behaviour of mass tourists in such a way that it benefitted both the tourists and the host community. Focusing on various interventions these scientists implemented to regulate the encounters between tourists and residents during the 1970s and 1980s, this article explores the intersection of mass tourism and global international relations in a postcolonial context. In doing so, this article links the historiography of global mass tourism with the more established historiography of international relations and cultural diplomacy, highlighting the central role of social scientists and the ‘scientization of the social’ in steering post war mass tourism.
{"title":"‘Noble helpers or evil exploiters?’ Contesting and negotiating West-German mass tourism to the global south, 1970–1985","authors":"Per Catharina Backhuis","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048699","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT From the 1970s onwards, media commentators, politicians and a wide range of other actors increasingly criticised Western mass tourism to the Global South and highlighted how the perceived misbehaviour of tourists was causing socio-cultural problems. This article analyzes how in the Federal Republic of Germany, social scientists sought to change the perceptions and behaviour of mass tourists in such a way that it benefitted both the tourists and the host community. Focusing on various interventions these scientists implemented to regulate the encounters between tourists and residents during the 1970s and 1980s, this article explores the intersection of mass tourism and global international relations in a postcolonial context. In doing so, this article links the historiography of global mass tourism with the more established historiography of international relations and cultural diplomacy, highlighting the central role of social scientists and the ‘scientization of the social’ in steering post war mass tourism.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42954850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2022.2092268
L. Mcreynolds
{"title":"Contested Russian Tourism: Cosmopolitanism, Nation, and Empire in the Nineteenth Century","authors":"L. Mcreynolds","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2022.2092268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2022.2092268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42445959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092222
S. Pack
ABSTRACT This article reviews recent literature that contributes to the project of locating tourism in a broader conceptual framework of travel. From analyzing the findings of these works, it adopts a critical posture toward categorical definitions of tourism and suggests ways to apply insights from tourism history to understand other forms of travel, including those practiced in times and places outside of modern Europe.
{"title":"Tourism and the history of travel","authors":"S. Pack","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092222","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This article reviews recent literature that contributes to the project of locating tourism in a broader conceptual framework of travel. From analyzing the findings of these works, it adopts a critical posture toward categorical definitions of tourism and suggests ways to apply insights from tourism history to understand other forms of travel, including those practiced in times and places outside of modern Europe.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47346113","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2085817
R. C. Capistrano, Kyrie Eleison Muñoz
ABSTRACT Tourism played a significant role in Philippine socio-economic development. However, scholarly interest on the history of tourism in the country is not pervasive, considering the scant literature focusing only on the evolution and development of Philippine tourism in the 1950s. The limited knowledge on tourism history in the country failed to recognise the existence of travel and tourism activities through prevalent movements during precolonial and colonial Philippines as documented by historiographic literature. Given this academic gap, this paper explores and discusses the history of Philippine tourism using historiographical analysis under the theoretical guidance of tourism mobilities. Findings reveal compelling evidence on the earliest forms of travel and tourism activities through movements related to trade and business during the precolonial period (800–1565); migration, leisure, recreation, and education during the Spanish colonial period (1565–1898); and tourism-oriented infrastructures during the American colonial period (1898–1946). Significantly, this study provides novelty by pioneering the discussion on Philippine tourism history pre-1950s and thus arguing that even though no tourism organisation existed during the precolonial and colonial eras, the movement of individuals along with tangible and intangible materials around them enabled travel and tourism to exist through the concept of mobility.
{"title":"Tourism mobilities in the Philippines: a historiographical analysis of travel and tourism activities from pre-1950s","authors":"R. C. Capistrano, Kyrie Eleison Muñoz","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2085817","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2085817","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tourism played a significant role in Philippine socio-economic development. However, scholarly interest on the history of tourism in the country is not pervasive, considering the scant literature focusing only on the evolution and development of Philippine tourism in the 1950s. The limited knowledge on tourism history in the country failed to recognise the existence of travel and tourism activities through prevalent movements during precolonial and colonial Philippines as documented by historiographic literature. Given this academic gap, this paper explores and discusses the history of Philippine tourism using historiographical analysis under the theoretical guidance of tourism mobilities. Findings reveal compelling evidence on the earliest forms of travel and tourism activities through movements related to trade and business during the precolonial period (800–1565); migration, leisure, recreation, and education during the Spanish colonial period (1565–1898); and tourism-oriented infrastructures during the American colonial period (1898–1946). Significantly, this study provides novelty by pioneering the discussion on Philippine tourism history pre-1950s and thus arguing that even though no tourism organisation existed during the precolonial and colonial eras, the movement of individuals along with tangible and intangible materials around them enabled travel and tourism to exist through the concept of mobility.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46578697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092221
E. Yehia, Hessa Jamaan M. Alzahrani, D. Reid, M. A. Ali
ABSTRACT Since the early twentieth century, Saudi Arabia has developed from a collection of religiously-inspired tribal conquests into a modern nation-state. Religious tourism–the centuries-old Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca (the Hajj)–is a central pillar of its identity. Taking the postage stamps of Saudi Arabia as a case study, this article shows how the country’s austere Wahhabi interpretation of Sunni Islam gradually evolved to embrace the use of pictorial images on postage stamps to define and promote national identity, religious tourism, and even of late, non-religious tourism. The Holy Kaaba and the mosques of Mecca and Medina, palm trees and camels, royal portraits, airplanes and oil rigs, wildlife, pre-Islamic antiquities, folklife, and women have all been among the categories of images enlisted to achieve these ends.
{"title":"Tourism, national identity, and the images on postage stamps: the case of Saudi Arabia","authors":"E. Yehia, Hessa Jamaan M. Alzahrani, D. Reid, M. A. Ali","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092221","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2092221","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Since the early twentieth century, Saudi Arabia has developed from a collection of religiously-inspired tribal conquests into a modern nation-state. Religious tourism–the centuries-old Islamic pilgrimage to Mecca (the Hajj)–is a central pillar of its identity. Taking the postage stamps of Saudi Arabia as a case study, this article shows how the country’s austere Wahhabi interpretation of Sunni Islam gradually evolved to embrace the use of pictorial images on postage stamps to define and promote national identity, religious tourism, and even of late, non-religious tourism. The Holy Kaaba and the mosques of Mecca and Medina, palm trees and camels, royal portraits, airplanes and oil rigs, wildlife, pre-Islamic antiquities, folklife, and women have all been among the categories of images enlisted to achieve these ends.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2022-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47859810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048493
Neil J. S. Rennie
{"title":"Australian travellers in the South Seas","authors":"Neil J. S. Rennie","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048493","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49209320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048494
Igor Tchoukarine
{"title":"A History of the World Tourism Organization","authors":"Igor Tchoukarine","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2022.2048494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44722410","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182X.2021.2012532
Almahdi Alrawadieh, Zaid Alrawadieh
ABSTRACT This study traces the Ottoman caravansaries (guesthouses) which were built as charitable endowments between Bilād Al-S̲hām (the Levant) and Istanbul during the Ottoman Empire. The study draws on Arabic travels, both printed and non-printed, from the sixteenth century and afterward, to understand travels’ experiences, impressions, and perceptions of these caravansaries. The study shows that towns and villages located on the route between Bilād Al-S̲hām and Istanbul were home to several caravansaries. It also appears that these caravansaries contributed to the emergence of residential communities which, over time, developed and turned into large cities. There is also evidence that Ottoman caravansaries were viewed as an economic opportunity for local inhabitants who used to sell food and other local products to travels and pilgrims. The study also draws on travels’ accounts to determine the length of stay and construct a general portrait of how the stay experience in these caravansaries were perceived. The study makes an important contribution to the history of travel and lodging facilities in the Ottoman Empire.
{"title":"Tracing the Ottoman caravansaries along the road between Bilād Al-S̲hām and Istanbul","authors":"Almahdi Alrawadieh, Zaid Alrawadieh","doi":"10.1080/1755182X.2021.2012532","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182X.2021.2012532","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study traces the Ottoman caravansaries (guesthouses) which were built as charitable endowments between Bilād Al-S̲hām (the Levant) and Istanbul during the Ottoman Empire. The study draws on Arabic travels, both printed and non-printed, from the sixteenth century and afterward, to understand travels’ experiences, impressions, and perceptions of these caravansaries. The study shows that towns and villages located on the route between Bilād Al-S̲hām and Istanbul were home to several caravansaries. It also appears that these caravansaries contributed to the emergence of residential communities which, over time, developed and turned into large cities. There is also evidence that Ottoman caravansaries were viewed as an economic opportunity for local inhabitants who used to sell food and other local products to travels and pilgrims. The study also draws on travels’ accounts to determine the length of stay and construct a general portrait of how the stay experience in these caravansaries were perceived. The study makes an important contribution to the history of travel and lodging facilities in the Ottoman Empire.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41774658","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-02DOI: 10.1080/1755182x.2021.2003444
E. Yehia
ABSTRACT This paper discusses the role of King Fuad I (r. 1917–1936) role in promoting tourism in Egypt during his reign. Fuad felt that Egypt’s unique geography and history made it an ideal tourist destination even before he ascended to the throne. He promoted tourism in Egypt during his reign by establishing national tourism associations, hosting international conferences, and taking foreign dignitaries on trips to Egypt’s most famous archaeological sites. This paper also discusses and reflects upon Fuad’s organisation of an international competition to promote tourism in Egypt, which is understudied in the literature despite its importance for the history and development of Egyptian tourism. This paper contributes to the literature by examining previously unpublished archival sources and setting a timeline for the Egyptian state’s deep interest in promoting the country as a tourist attraction.
{"title":"Promotion of tourism in Egypt during the reign of King Fuad I","authors":"E. Yehia","doi":"10.1080/1755182x.2021.2003444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1755182x.2021.2003444","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper discusses the role of King Fuad I (r. 1917–1936) role in promoting tourism in Egypt during his reign. Fuad felt that Egypt’s unique geography and history made it an ideal tourist destination even before he ascended to the throne. He promoted tourism in Egypt during his reign by establishing national tourism associations, hosting international conferences, and taking foreign dignitaries on trips to Egypt’s most famous archaeological sites. This paper also discusses and reflects upon Fuad’s organisation of an international competition to promote tourism in Egypt, which is understudied in the literature despite its importance for the history and development of Egyptian tourism. This paper contributes to the literature by examining previously unpublished archival sources and setting a timeline for the Egyptian state’s deep interest in promoting the country as a tourist attraction.","PeriodicalId":42854,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Tourism History","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48521826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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