Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.045
C. Robeller, Niklas Von Haaren
The article describes a new construction system for shell structures made from door- and window cut-offs resulting from cross laminated timber (CLT) production lines. For the first time, form-fitting fasteners made of beech laminated veneer lumber are used in a shell made of engineered wood plates, enabling a particularly simple, fast and precise construction. The efficient planning and production of a multitude of differently shaped elements is made possible by a CAD plug-in developed by the authors. The article presents the general application possibilities and limitations of the system, as well as the case study of a shell demonstrator with a span of 12 meters, built from 229 hexagonal plates. A detailed structural analysis is presented for the demonstrator, including an experimental load test to confirm the FEM results.
{"title":"Recycleshell: Wood-only Shell Structures Made From Cross-Laminated Timber (CLT) Production Waste","authors":"C. Robeller, Niklas Von Haaren","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.045","url":null,"abstract":"The article describes a new construction system for shell structures made from door- and window cut-offs resulting from cross laminated timber (CLT) production lines. For the first time, form-fitting fasteners made of beech laminated veneer lumber are used in a shell made of engineered\u0000 wood plates, enabling a particularly simple, fast and precise construction. The efficient planning and production of a multitude of differently shaped elements is made possible by a CAD plug-in developed by the authors. The article presents the general application possibilities and limitations\u0000 of the system, as well as the case study of a shell demonstrator with a span of 12 meters, built from 229 hexagonal plates. A detailed structural analysis is presented for the demonstrator, including an experimental load test to confirm the FEM results.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48846081","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.007
Deepshikha Nair, Yuki Terazawa, B. Sitler, T. Takeuchi
This paper investigates the seismic response characteristics of long-span domes. The natural periods of the prominent modes are longer than medium-span domes, which leads to a greater contribution from the higher modes to the response of the long-span dome. The acceleration distributions, particularly the vertical acceleration distributions are sensitive to the dominant mode shapes of these higher modes. This leads to inaccuracies when applying the previously proposed response evaluation methods. The vibration modes of multi-storey supporting substructures also affect the excited vibration modes of the roof. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics and seismic response of 150m-span domes supported by multi-storey substructures are studied. The effects of the post- yield stiffness of multi-storey substructures are also analysed by considering two structural systems, buckling- restrained braced frames (BRBF) and damped spine frames. A simple design procedure to evaluate the equivalent static loads using amplification factors and incorporating the effects of higher modes is proposed based on response spectrum analysis and equivalent linearisation procedures. The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the responses with those obtained from non-linear response history analysis.
{"title":"Seismic Response of Long-Span Domes Supported by Multi-Storey Substructures","authors":"Deepshikha Nair, Yuki Terazawa, B. Sitler, T. Takeuchi","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.007","url":null,"abstract":"This paper investigates the seismic response characteristics of long-span domes. The natural periods of the prominent modes are longer than medium-span domes, which leads to a greater contribution from the higher modes to the response of the long-span dome. The acceleration distributions,\u0000 particularly the vertical acceleration distributions are sensitive to the dominant mode shapes of these higher modes. This leads to inaccuracies when applying the previously proposed response evaluation methods. The vibration modes of multi-storey supporting substructures also affect the excited\u0000 vibration modes of the roof. In this paper, the dynamic characteristics and seismic response of 150m-span domes supported by multi-storey substructures are studied. The effects of the post- yield stiffness of multi-storey substructures are also analysed by considering two structural systems,\u0000 buckling- restrained braced frames (BRBF) and damped spine frames. A simple design procedure to evaluate the equivalent static loads using amplification factors and incorporating the effects of higher modes is proposed based on response spectrum analysis and equivalent linearisation procedures.\u0000 The accuracy of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the responses with those obtained from non-linear response history analysis.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77298896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.044
A. Prokopska, J. Abramczyk
Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of geometrical and mechanical changes of nominally plane steel sheets folded in one direction, caused by big elastic shape transformations were invented on the basis of the authors' tests, analyzes and computational models of thin-walled folded sheets transformed into shell shapes. Both geometrical and mechanical changes produce significant restrictions in using sheets for shell forms. The deliberate transformations and sheets' characteristics are required to obtain attractive and innovative forms of roof shells and their consistent structures as well as entire buildings. The search for effective solutions related to free forms of buildings and shape transformations of sheets especially in the fields of: shape transformation, effort and stabilization of their walls is necessary due to the high sensitivity of thin-walled open profiles to boundary conditions and loads. A method for shaping such free form buildings that effectively exploit specific orthotropic properties of the transformed sheeting is presented.
{"title":"Innovative Building Forms Determined by Orthotropic Properties of Folded Sheets Transformed Into Roof Shells","authors":"A. Prokopska, J. Abramczyk","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.044","url":null,"abstract":"Qualitative and quantitative characteristics of geometrical and mechanical changes of nominally plane steel sheets folded in one direction, caused by big elastic shape transformations were invented on the basis of the authors' tests, analyzes and computational models of thin-walled\u0000 folded sheets transformed into shell shapes. Both geometrical and mechanical changes produce significant restrictions in using sheets for shell forms. The deliberate transformations and sheets' characteristics are required to obtain attractive and innovative forms of roof shells and their\u0000 consistent structures as well as entire buildings. The search for effective solutions related to free forms of buildings and shape transformations of sheets especially in the fields of: shape transformation, effort and stabilization of their walls is necessary due to the high sensitivity of\u0000 thin-walled open profiles to boundary conditions and loads. A method for shaping such free form buildings that effectively exploit specific orthotropic properties of the transformed sheeting is presented.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73177980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-06-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.009
M. Freire-Tellado, M. Muñoz-Vidal, J. Pérez-Valcárcel
Deployable bar structures on a rectangular base present the problems of closing the ends and longitudinal stabilization. Some proposals have been made to resolve them, mainly by creating mouths, but their application to composite geometries is problematic. On-the-bias deployable structures adequately solve both problems as they are supported around their entire perimeter, have a strong three-dimensional operation and only use load-bearing bars. The text analyses this type of deployable structures, their requirements and possibilities. A study on the combination of polar and translational units in a single deployable structure is then carried out, focusing on the study of on-the-bias deployable structures with perimeter polar modules that allow the effective height of the designs to be increased. Finally, the architectural possibilities of the system are studied, which make it possible to resolve overhangs, vertical openings in the roof, and T- or L-shaped ground plans, guaranteeing the modularity of the system.
{"title":"Scissor-Hinged Deployable Structures Supported Perimetrally on Rectangular Bases","authors":"M. Freire-Tellado, M. Muñoz-Vidal, J. Pérez-Valcárcel","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.204.009","url":null,"abstract":"Deployable bar structures on a rectangular base present the problems of closing the ends and longitudinal stabilization. Some proposals have been made to resolve them, mainly by creating mouths, but their application to composite geometries is problematic. On-the-bias deployable\u0000 structures adequately solve both problems as they are supported around their entire perimeter, have a strong three-dimensional operation and only use load-bearing bars. The text analyses this type of deployable structures, their requirements and possibilities. A study on the combination\u0000 of polar and translational units in a single deployable structure is then carried out, focusing on the study of on-the-bias deployable structures with perimeter polar modules that allow the effective height of the designs to be increased. Finally, the architectural possibilities of the system\u0000 are studied, which make it possible to resolve overhangs, vertical openings in the roof, and T- or L-shaped ground plans, guaranteeing the modularity of the system.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90709162","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-04-15DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.001
A. Pronk, E. Mergny, Qingpeng Li
In the past, record breaking large shell structures with ice composites were successfully realized by spraying cellulose-water mixture on an inflatable mould. This paper presents the application of a new, production technique for ice composites by extrusion instead of spraying. With this additive manufacturing technique, the world's first gridshell in fibre-reinforced ice was designed, constructed, and tested. To increase the stiffness of the gridshell the floorplan of the inflatable mould was designed with an anti-clastic curvature at the supports of the structure. Concerning the pattern of the grid different options were developed and compared and verified in ABAQUS®. The size of the struts were determined by an iterative process. The gridshell was realized in a cold environment by printing multiple layers of cellulose-water mixture on the inflatable mould using piping bags. After the substance has been extruded, the mixture froze at temperatures of minus eight degrees Celsius or lower. The realized structure was tested on-site with a dead load to prove its strength.
{"title":"Structural Modelling, Construction and Test of The First 3D-printed Gridshell in Ice Composite","authors":"A. Pronk, E. Mergny, Qingpeng Li","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.001","url":null,"abstract":"In the past, record breaking large shell structures with ice composites were successfully realized by spraying cellulose-water mixture on an inflatable mould. This paper presents the application of a new, production technique for ice composites by extrusion instead of spraying. With\u0000 this additive manufacturing technique, the world's first gridshell in fibre-reinforced ice was designed, constructed, and tested. To increase the stiffness of the gridshell the floorplan of the inflatable mould was designed with an anti-clastic curvature at the supports of the structure. Concerning\u0000 the pattern of the grid different options were developed and compared and verified in ABAQUS®. The size of the struts were determined by an iterative process. The gridshell was realized in a cold environment by printing multiple layers of cellulose-water mixture on the inflatable mould\u0000 using piping bags. After the substance has been extruded, the mixture froze at temperatures of minus eight degrees Celsius or lower. The realized structure was tested on-site with a dead load to prove its strength.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48518876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.031
M. Garlock, B. Glisic
Max Borges Jr. (1918 – 2009) was an architect of thin shell concrete structures in Cuba in the 1950's. During this time, Félix Candela (1910 – 1997) owned a construction company that was dedicated to the design and construction of thin shells. Candela also owned an international reputation as a designer of thin shells in the hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) form. The two men worked together for the first time on a project in Mexico City in 1954, and since then collaborated on several more, most of them in Cuba. This paper illustrates the architect – engineer relationship between Borges and Candela and documents the collaborative projects between them. The research grew out of a course co-taught by the authors, where the course was inspired by the style of teaching of David Billington (1927 – 2018) that integrates engineering with the humanities. Billington believed in scholarship based on historical studies and documentation of heritage structures. This paper is in tribute to this great man who continues to inspire.
Max Borges Jr.(1918 - 2009)是20世纪50年代古巴薄壳混凝土结构的建筑师。在此期间，flix Candela(1910 - 1997)拥有一家致力于设计和建造薄壳的建筑公司。坎德拉还以双曲抛物面(hypar)形式的薄壳设计师而享有国际声誉。1954年，两人在墨西哥城的一个项目上首次合作，此后又合作了几个项目，其中大部分在古巴。本文阐述了博尔赫斯和坎德拉之间的建筑师-工程师关系，并记录了他们之间的合作项目。这项研究源于两位作者共同教授的一门课程，该课程的灵感来自大卫·比灵顿(1927 - 2018)将工程学与人文学科相结合的教学风格。比灵顿相信基于历史研究和遗产建筑文献的学术研究。这篇文章是为了向这位继续激励我们的伟人致敬。
{"title":"Thin Shell Concrete Structures of Félix Candela and Max Borges Jr.","authors":"M. Garlock, B. Glisic","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.031","url":null,"abstract":"Max Borges Jr. (1918 – 2009) was an architect of thin shell concrete structures in Cuba in the 1950's. During this time, Félix Candela (1910 – 1997) owned a construction company that was dedicated to the design and construction of thin shells. Candela also owned an\u0000 international reputation as a designer of thin shells in the hyperbolic paraboloid (hypar) form. The two men worked together for the first time on a project in Mexico City in 1954, and since then collaborated on several more, most of them in Cuba. This paper illustrates the architect –\u0000 engineer relationship between Borges and Candela and documents the collaborative projects between them. The research grew out of a course co-taught by the authors, where the course was inspired by the style of teaching of David Billington (1927 – 2018) that integrates engineering with\u0000 the humanities. Billington believed in scholarship based on historical studies and documentation of heritage structures. This paper is in tribute to this great man who continues to inspire.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77670924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.100
J. Abel, M. Garlock
{"title":"Structural Art in Design and Education: The Billington Legacy Preface","authors":"J. Abel, M. Garlock","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.100","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.100","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81731907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.021
J. Ochsendorf
This paper expands on David Billington's pioneering writings on the Spanish school and demonstrates construction innovations by two important 20 th century shell builders: Rafael Guastavino Jr. (1872-1950) and Eduardo Torroja (1899-1961), who each extended traditional tile vaulting to create new possibilities. Guastavino pursued the potential of tile vaulting as a system of load-bearing structure, creating complex geometries in advance of similar innovations in concrete shells, while Torroja repeatedly used tile vaulting as an economical system of formwork for concrete shells. Though neither designer was aware of each other's work, in particular because Guastavino Jr. had immigrated to the United States from Spain before Torroja was born, their work shares a number of important similarities. Both builders demonstrate that the Spanish school of shells continues to inspire designers today.
{"title":"Tile Vaulting Innovations by Rafael Guastavino Jr. and Eduardo Torroja","authors":"J. Ochsendorf","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.021","url":null,"abstract":"This paper expands on David Billington's pioneering writings on the Spanish school and demonstrates construction innovations by two important 20 th century shell builders: Rafael Guastavino Jr. (1872-1950) and Eduardo Torroja (1899-1961), who each extended traditional tile vaulting\u0000 to create new possibilities. Guastavino pursued the potential of tile vaulting as a system of load-bearing structure, creating complex geometries in advance of similar innovations in concrete shells, while Torroja repeatedly used tile vaulting as an economical system of formwork for concrete\u0000 shells. Though neither designer was aware of each other's work, in particular because Guastavino Jr. had immigrated to the United States from Spain before Torroja was born, their work shares a number of important similarities. Both builders demonstrate that the Spanish school of shells continues\u0000 to inspire designers today.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85826905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.035
P. Gauvreau
This article examines three important aspects of bridge design that can provide guidance to engineers who wish to design bridges that embody efficiency, economy, and elegance, the three ideals of structural engineering defined by David P. Billington. These aspects are (1) the relation between efficiency and economy, (2) the significance of originality, and (3) the challenge of shaping structural components. Efficiency and economy can only co-exist in a given structure when the ratio of the cost of materials is high relative to the cost of labour. Currently, this is not the case. The importance of originality relates to the visual expression of creative decisions made in design. For bridges, creative decisions made on the basis of purely practical considerations can be a valid source of aesthetic significance. The scope of creativity is not limited to the structural system itself, but rather encompasses the combined entity consisting of structure and site. It is possible to shape structural components on the basis of aesthetic considerations while maintaining a strict discipline of economy. The primary opportunities for using this source of aesthetic significance are created by structural dimensions for which a change produces only minimal effect on structural behaviour and cost.
本文考察了桥梁设计的三个重要方面，这些方面可以为希望设计体现David P. Billington定义的结构工程的三个理想——效率、经济和优雅的桥梁的工程师提供指导。这些方面是(1)效率与经济之间的关系，(2)独创性的意义，以及(3)塑造结构部件的挑战。只有当材料成本相对于劳动力成本的比例较高时，效率和经济才能在给定的结构中共存。目前，情况并非如此。独创性的重要性与设计中创造性决策的视觉表达有关。对于桥梁来说，基于纯粹的实际考虑而做出的创造性决定可以成为美学意义的有效来源。创意的范围并不局限于结构系统本身，而是包含了结构与场地的结合实体。在保持严格的经济纪律的同时，可以在美学考虑的基础上塑造结构部件。使用这种美学意义来源的主要机会是由结构尺寸创造的，其变化只对结构行为和成本产生最小的影响。
{"title":"Efficiency, Originality, and Shaping: Considerations for the Design of Good Bridges","authors":"P. Gauvreau","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.035","url":null,"abstract":"This article examines three important aspects of bridge design that can provide guidance to engineers who wish to design bridges that embody efficiency, economy, and elegance, the three ideals of structural engineering defined by David P. Billington. These aspects are (1) the relation\u0000 between efficiency and economy, (2) the significance of originality, and (3) the challenge of shaping structural components. Efficiency and economy can only co-exist in a given structure when the ratio of the cost of materials is high relative to the cost of labour. Currently, this is not\u0000 the case. The importance of originality relates to the visual expression of creative decisions made in design. For bridges, creative decisions made on the basis of purely practical considerations can be a valid source of aesthetic significance. The scope of creativity is not limited to the\u0000 structural system itself, but rather encompasses the combined entity consisting of structure and site. It is possible to shape structural components on the basis of aesthetic considerations while maintaining a strict discipline of economy. The primary opportunities for using this source of\u0000 aesthetic significance are created by structural dimensions for which a change produces only minimal effect on structural behaviour and cost.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89405286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-03-01DOI: 10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.030
M. Littman
Princeton Professor David Billington died on March 25, 2018 at the age of 90. David was a structural engineer, scholar, and a master teacher. He taught two courses at Princeton University. By Princeton standards these were very large courses, impacting as many as 20% of all students graduating from Princeton from the mid-1990's until he retired in 2010. One course was "Structures in the Urban Environment" and it focused on structural artists – engineers who designed efficient, economical, and elegant structures. The other course was "Engineering in the Modern World" and it focused on the history of engineering from the time of the American Revolution to the present day. Both courses are still being taught by his colleagues, Prof. Maria Garlock and Prof. Michael Littman. This article is about David's approach to educating the general public and engineers as described by Michael Littman, who co-taught the "Engineering in the Modern World" course with him for over 20 years.
{"title":"Lessons from David Billington","authors":"M. Littman","doi":"10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20898/j.iass.2020.203.030","url":null,"abstract":"Princeton Professor David Billington died on March 25, 2018 at the age of 90. David was a structural engineer, scholar, and a master teacher. He taught two courses at Princeton University. By Princeton standards these were very large courses, impacting as many as 20% of all students\u0000 graduating from Princeton from the mid-1990's until he retired in 2010. One course was \"Structures in the Urban Environment\" and it focused on structural artists – engineers who designed efficient, economical, and elegant structures. The other course was \"Engineering in the Modern World\"\u0000 and it focused on the history of engineering from the time of the American Revolution to the present day. Both courses are still being taught by his colleagues, Prof. Maria Garlock and Prof. Michael Littman. This article is about David's approach to educating the general public and engineers\u0000 as described by Michael Littman, who co-taught the \"Engineering in the Modern World\" course with him for over 20 years.","PeriodicalId":42855,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the International Association for Shell and Spatial Structures","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2020-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74943186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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