Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of hemoglobinopathies disease on adolescent's behavior and to find the relationship between adolescent's socio-demographic characteristics and the effect of Hemoglobinopathies on Adolescent's Behavior.
Methods: Adolescents male and female with (beta thalassemia and sickle cell anemia) who were between the ages of 12 and 20 were the participants of a descriptive study. The research began on June 17, 2022, and lasted until November 15, 2022 to determine the effect of hemoglobinopathies disease on adolescent's behavior. A non-probability purposive sample of (105) adolescents was chosen at the Heredity Blood Diseases Center in Ibn Al Balady for children. and maternity. The information gathered between the 15th of July and the 15th of August 2022 using a built-in questionnaire and a direct interview method.
Results: The findings of this study show that hemoglobinopathies disease have a moderate to low effect on adolescents' behavior, with 53.3% of them are showing moderate and 41.9% are showing low.
Conclusions: The study conclusion that the behaviour was affected at moderate level. The results recommend offering adolescents with hemoglobinopathies an education program to enable self-management and provide them enough knowledge of the disease to avoid complications and make life plans.
目的:本研究的目的是确定血红蛋白病对青少年行为的影响，并发现青少年的社会人口学特征与血红蛋白病对青少年行为的影响之间的关系。方法:年龄在12 - 20岁之间的青少年(地中海贫血和镰状细胞性贫血)是一项描述性研究的参与者。研究从2022年6月17日开始，一直持续到2022年11月15日，以确定血红蛋白病对青少年行为的影响。在Ibn Al Balady的儿童遗传血液病中心选择了(105)名青少年的非概率目的样本。和孕妇。使用内置问卷和直接访谈法在2022年7月15日至8月15日期间收集的信息。
结果:本研究结果显示，血红蛋白病对青少年行为有中低影响，其中53.3%为中度影响，41.9%为低影响;结论:本研究的结论是行为受到中等程度的影响。研究结果建议为患有血红蛋白病的青少年提供一项教育计划，使他们能够自我管理，并为他们提供足够的疾病知识，以避免并发症和制定生活计划。
{"title":"Effect of Hemoglobinopathies on Adolescent's Behaviour at Heredity Blood Diseases Center","authors":"Asmahan Qasim Mohammed","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1435","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1435","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The objectives of the present study were to determine the effect of hemoglobinopathies disease on adolescent's behavior and to find the relationship between adolescent's socio-demographic characteristics and the effect of Hemoglobinopathies on Adolescent's Behavior.
 Methods: Adolescents male and female with (beta thalassemia and sickle cell anemia) who were between the ages of 12 and 20 were the participants of a descriptive study. The research began on June 17, 2022, and lasted until November 15, 2022 to determine the effect of hemoglobinopathies disease on adolescent's behavior. A non-probability purposive sample of (105) adolescents was chosen at the Heredity Blood Diseases Center in Ibn Al Balady for children. and maternity. The information gathered between the 15th of July and the 15th of August 2022 using a built-in questionnaire and a direct interview method.
 Results: The findings of this study show that hemoglobinopathies disease have a moderate to low effect on adolescents' behavior, with 53.3% of them are showing moderate and 41.9% are showing low.
 Conclusions: The study conclusion that the behaviour was affected at moderate level. The results recommend offering adolescents with hemoglobinopathies an education program to enable self-management and provide them enough knowledge of the disease to avoid complications and make life plans.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"3 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy is one of the most feared side effects of chemotherapy that affect patients’ quality of life and may lead to discontinuation of chemotherapy cycles. Adherence to antiemetics guidelines such as NCCN antiemetics guidelines significantly improve the quality of treatment provided to patients while minimizing the time and money spent on each individual case.
Aim: Assessment of the current practice adherence of physicians to NCCN antiemesis guidelines.
Method: the study is an observational cross-sectional study conducted in three oncology centers in the Iraqi province of Karbala. The study included twenty oncologists who agree to participate in the survey.
Results: Seventy percent of participants oncologists follow NCCN antiemetics guidelines, while thirty percent do not. The mean patient related risk score for Imam Al-Hussein Oncology Center, Warith International Cancer Institute, and Al-Imam Al-Hasan Al-Mujtaba Hospital was 13.5, 12.4, 14.7 respectively.
Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the knowledge and practices of participating oncologists regarding nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy across various oncology centers. In addition, there are a number of obstacles that make following antiemetics guidelines difficult or inconvenient, such as increased cost, a lack of awareness about antiemetics guidelines, and guidelines that are difficult or inconvenient to use.
{"title":"Assessment of oncologist adherence to National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN) anti-emetics guidelines for management of chemotherapy induced nausea and vomiting in Karbala province","authors":"Enas F. Atiyah, Ayad A. Hussein","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1427","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1427","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Nausea and vomiting induced by chemotherapy is one of the most feared side effects of chemotherapy that affect patients’ quality of life and may lead to discontinuation of chemotherapy cycles. Adherence to antiemetics guidelines such as NCCN antiemetics guidelines significantly improve the quality of treatment provided to patients while minimizing the time and money spent on each individual case.
 Aim: Assessment of the current practice adherence of physicians to NCCN antiemesis guidelines.
 Method: the study is an observational cross-sectional study conducted in three oncology centers in the Iraqi province of Karbala. The study included twenty oncologists who agree to participate in the survey.
 Results: Seventy percent of participants oncologists follow NCCN antiemetics guidelines, while thirty percent do not. The mean patient related risk score for Imam Al-Hussein Oncology Center, Warith International Cancer Institute, and Al-Imam Al-Hasan Al-Mujtaba Hospital was 13.5, 12.4, 14.7 respectively.
 Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the knowledge and practices of participating oncologists regarding nausea and vomiting caused by chemotherapy across various oncology centers. In addition, there are a number of obstacles that make following antiemetics guidelines difficult or inconvenient, such as increased cost, a lack of awareness about antiemetics guidelines, and guidelines that are difficult or inconvenient to use.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cytokine Storm Syndrome (CSs) is a potentially life threatening condition, characterized by robust elevated; of circulating pro- inflammatory cytokines; occurring after a hyperactive immune system. Is a well-known as a worldwide health problem, leading to multi-organ failure and death. Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the protective role and probability of additive or synergistic anti-inflammatory activity; of ramelteon and in combination with dexamethasone on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced “Cytokine Storm” on mice model and its potential regulatory mechanism(s). Methods: Sixty Swiss albino male mice of ;( 25 ± 5 grams; 8-12 weeks) had free access to food and water. After 2weeks of adaptation, mice; randomly separated in five groups (n =12): Group I, mice received (0.9% NS i.p.); Group II, mice received (5mgkg i.p.) LPS only .Group III, mice received (2.5mg/kg, i.p.) dexamethasone, Group IV, mice received (100mg/kg i.p.) ramelteon, Group V, mice received half dose of dexamethasone+ ramelteon combination (1.25 mgkg i.p +50mgkg i.p). For systematic inflammatory stimulation mimicking “cytokine storm” LPS; E. coli O55:B5 (5mgkg i.p.) was induced within one hr. After 48h the effects of interventional agents and vehicle or LPS challenge; on lung, heart, liver, kidney histopathological changes, and levels of inflammatory cytokines :( IL-6, IL8 IL-1β, and TNF-α) in the serum were detected. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, IL8 and TNF-α elevated serum levels significantly reduced (p<0.001) in all treatment group. Additionally, they ameliorated the histopathological changes induced by (LPS) and improving macroscopic scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, ramelteon treatment had a diverse protective effects against “Cytokine Storm” with a mechanism based on attenuation serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α)and through reduction of histopathological damage during endotoxemia induced via LPS challenge on male mice model. RAM/DEX combination had superior advantage than an agent use alone probably via synergistic anti-inflammatory activity.
细胞因子风暴综合征(CSs)是一种潜在的危及生命的疾病，其特征是;循环促炎细胞因子;免疫系统过度活跃后发生的是一种众所周知的世界性健康问题，可导致多器官衰竭和死亡。目的:探讨加性或增效抗炎作用的保护作用及可能性;雷美替恩联合地塞米松对脂多糖(LPS)诱导的小鼠“细胞因子风暴”模型的影响及其可能的调控机制。方法:瑞士白化雄性小鼠60只;(25±5 g;8-12周)可以免费获得食物和水。适应2周后，小鼠;随机分为5组(n =12):第一组小鼠给予0.9% n S i.p.;第二组，小鼠注射(5mg / kg .p)。III组小鼠给予(2.5mg/kg, i.p)地塞米松，IV组小鼠给予(100mg/kg i.p)雷美替恩，V组小鼠给予半剂量地塞米松+雷美替恩联合治疗(1.25 mg/kg i.p +50mg /kg i.p)。用于模拟“细胞因子风暴”LPS的系统性炎症刺激;大肠杆菌O55:B5 (5mg / kg i.p)在1小时内诱导。48h后介入剂和载体或LPS的作用;检测各组肺、心、肝、肾组织病理变化及血清炎症因子(IL-6、il - 8、IL-1β、TNF-α)水平。结果:各治疗组血清IL-1β、IL-6、il - 8、TNF-α升高水平均显著降低(p<0.001)。此外，他们改善了LPS诱导的组织病理学改变，提高了宏观评分(p<0.001)。结论:ramelteon对“细胞因子风暴”具有多种保护作用，其机制是通过降低血清中炎症因子(IL-1β、IL-6、IL-8和TNF-α)的水平和减轻LPS致内毒素血症对雄性小鼠模型的组织病理损伤。RAM/DEX联合使用可能通过协同抗炎活性优于单独使用。
{"title":"The Protective Effect of Ramelteon and in combination with Dexamethasone on the Lipopolysaccharide-induced Cytokine Storm in mice","authors":"Marwa A. Al-dabbagh, Hayder B. Sahib","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1429","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1429","url":null,"abstract":"Cytokine Storm Syndrome (CSs) is a potentially life threatening condition, characterized by robust elevated; of circulating pro- inflammatory cytokines; occurring after a hyperactive immune system. Is a well-known as a worldwide health problem, leading to multi-organ failure and death. Objectives: This study was carried out to investigate the protective role and probability of additive or synergistic anti-inflammatory activity; of ramelteon and in combination with dexamethasone on the lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced “Cytokine Storm” on mice model and its potential regulatory mechanism(s). Methods: Sixty Swiss albino male mice of ;( 25 ± 5 grams; 8-12 weeks) had free access to food and water. After 2weeks of adaptation, mice; randomly separated in five groups (n =12): Group I, mice received (0.9% NS i.p.); Group II, mice received (5mgkg i.p.) LPS only .Group III, mice received (2.5mg/kg, i.p.) dexamethasone, Group IV, mice received (100mg/kg i.p.) ramelteon, Group V, mice received half dose of dexamethasone+ ramelteon combination (1.25 mgkg i.p +50mgkg i.p). For systematic inflammatory stimulation mimicking “cytokine storm” LPS; E. coli O55:B5 (5mgkg i.p.) was induced within one hr. After 48h the effects of interventional agents and vehicle or LPS challenge; on lung, heart, liver, kidney histopathological changes, and levels of inflammatory cytokines :( IL-6, IL8 IL-1β, and TNF-α) in the serum were detected. Results: IL-1β, IL-6, IL8 and TNF-α elevated serum levels significantly reduced (p<0.001) in all treatment group. Additionally, they ameliorated the histopathological changes induced by (LPS) and improving macroscopic scores (p<0.001). Conclusion: In conclusion, ramelteon treatment had a diverse protective effects against “Cytokine Storm” with a mechanism based on attenuation serum levels of inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8 and TNF-α)and through reduction of histopathological damage during endotoxemia induced via LPS challenge on male mice model. RAM/DEX combination had superior advantage than an agent use alone probably via synergistic anti-inflammatory activity.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"46 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The percentage of the elderly is expected to nearly double, from 12% to 22%, between 2015 and 2050 due to the rapid aging of the global population. All told, this means that increase the elderly people over the age of 60 to 2 billion from 900 million. Therefore, it is anticipated that older individuals may experience particular physical and mental health issues this study was done to examine the impact of elderly people's levels of depression and to Compare the level of depression among elderly people living with their families and elderly resident in nursing homes.
A comparative study non-probability sampling strategy was used choose a judgmental sample of 125 elderly who residents in nursing home and community by using of questionnaire composed of three part: part I demographic characteristic part II, UCLA loneliness scale part III geriatric depression scale, data is analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis.
The results of the study indicated that elderly in nursing home and community show moderate level of depression study reveals that elderly people at nursing home have higher level of depression than those in community as indicated by with a p-value of.001
The study conculcated by Providing social and health programs to support the elderly, as well as conducting awareness sessions for caregivers and families on how to take care of the elderly residing in the nursing home or residing with their families
{"title":"The impact of depression Level among elderly residents in nursing home and community: A comparative study","authors":"Walaa Yehya abed zead, Ali Kareem khadir","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1436","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1436","url":null,"abstract":"The percentage of the elderly is expected to nearly double, from 12% to 22%, between 2015 and 2050 due to the rapid aging of the global population. All told, this means that increase the elderly people over the age of 60 to 2 billion from 900 million. Therefore, it is anticipated that older individuals may experience particular physical and mental health issues this study was done to examine the impact of elderly people's levels of depression and to Compare the level of depression among elderly people living with their families and elderly resident in nursing homes.
 A comparative study non-probability sampling strategy was used choose a judgmental sample of 125 elderly who residents in nursing home and community by using of questionnaire composed of three part: part I demographic characteristic part II, UCLA loneliness scale part III geriatric depression scale, data is analyzed using descriptive statistical data analysis.
 The results of the study indicated that elderly in nursing home and community show moderate level of depression study reveals that elderly people at nursing home have higher level of depression than those in community as indicated by with a p-value of.001
 The study conculcated by Providing social and health programs to support the elderly, as well as conducting awareness sessions for caregivers and families on how to take care of the elderly residing in the nursing home or residing with their families","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136136164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Dijlah A. Alimeer, Nibras N. Mahmood, Mohammad M. F. Al-Halbosiy
Objective : This study , was research for cytotoxicity of bio-surfactant created by Enterococcus faecium isolated from feces of Iraqi healthy breast-fed infants with age < 6 months.
Methods : Cold acetone precipitation was used to the extraction of extracellular Glycolipoprotein biosurfactant and partially purify it. Biosurfactant was then evaluated against two the cell lines, a Breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and a human normal fibroblast cell line NHF), specifically for cell survival and proliferation.
Results : At all concentrations with varying percentage, The viability of the MCF-7 cancer cell line was shown to be reduced with the addition of biosurfactant.; maximum inhibition percentage was 74.2% at a 100 µg/ml concentration, which is lesser than 45.5% cytotoxicity Of NHF healthy fibroblasts cell line.
Conclusions : The findings of this study are highly encouraging in terms of the potential of Glycolipoprotein biosurfactants to treat cancer and encourage additional research with different cell lines.
{"title":"Effect of Glycolipoprotein Biosurfactant from Enterococcus faecium on the viability of Breast cancer cell lines.","authors":"Dijlah A. Alimeer, Nibras N. Mahmood, Mohammad M. F. Al-Halbosiy","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1432","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1432","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : This study , was research for cytotoxicity of bio-surfactant created by Enterococcus faecium isolated from feces of Iraqi healthy breast-fed infants with age < 6 months.
 Methods : Cold acetone precipitation was used to the extraction of extracellular Glycolipoprotein biosurfactant and partially purify it. Biosurfactant was then evaluated against two the cell lines, a Breast cancer MCF-7 cell line and a human normal fibroblast cell line NHF), specifically for cell survival and proliferation. 
 Results : At all concentrations with varying percentage, The viability of the MCF-7 cancer cell line was shown to be reduced with the addition of biosurfactant.; maximum inhibition percentage was 74.2% at a 100 µg/ml concentration, which is lesser than 45.5% cytotoxicity Of NHF healthy fibroblasts cell line.
 Conclusions : The findings of this study are highly encouraging in terms of the potential of Glycolipoprotein biosurfactants to treat cancer and encourage additional research with different cell lines.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"73 3","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136134755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haval Khalid, Siham Abdullah Mohammed Said, Wijdan Mohammed Salih Mero
Objective Pseudomonas aeruginosa is opportunistic gram-negative bacillus and a major human pathogen belongs to family Pseudomonadaceae, it causes several nosocomial infections including pneumonia, urinary tract, surgical sites, otitis externa, and soft tissues.
Methods: The study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2022 and involved the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and their susceptibility to different antimicrobial agents among patients and healthcare workers specimens in three hospitals of Duhok city. The collected specimens were examined and cultured on different media in the Advanced Microbiology Laboratory, Azadi teaching hospital. The isolated bacteria were identified according to their morphological and biochemical properties.
Results: Out of 324 specimens, 29.32% (95/324) of the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from 26.89% patients and 40% healthcare workers. Regarding isolate rates among specimens, the highest rate (48.78%) was from sputum, with a highly significant (P<0.001) difference from other sources. Females had a non-significantly higher isolate rate than males (28.19% vs 25.22%), ages, >50 years had the highest isolate rate (72.88%), while the lowest rate 6.25% was among ages >10-20 years, with highly significant (P< 0.001) differences among them. Specimens from Hevii hospital showed a non-significantly higher isolate rate (28.57%) than other hospitals. Isolates highest susceptibility was to Colistin (88.7%) followed by Imipenem (78.9%), while they were 98.6 % resistant to ampicillin and 100% resistant to Amoxicillin, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. A high rate of extensively drug-resistant (19.72%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was documented among patients who attended these hospitals with the highest (31.25%) from wounds.
Conclusion these findings will be helpful to advise treatment with appropriate antibiotic strategy against multi- and extensively drug -resistant P. aeruginosa to cope with the chances of evolving resistant pathogens.
目的铜绿假单胞菌是一种机会性革兰氏阴性杆菌，是假单胞菌科的主要人类病原体，可引起肺炎、尿路、手术部位、外耳炎、软组织等多种医院感染。方法:于2021年4月至2022年1月对杜鹤市3家医院的患者和医护人员标本中铜绿假单胞菌分离株的流行情况及对不同抗菌药物的敏感性进行研究。收集的标本在阿扎迪教学医院高级微生物实验室进行检验和不同培养基培养。根据其形态和生化特性对分离的细菌进行鉴定。
结果:324份标本中，29.32%(95/324)的分离物为铜绿假单胞菌，从26.89%的患者和40%的医护人员中分离得到。痰中分离率最高(48.78%)，与其他来源差异极显著(P<0.001)。女性分离率高于男性(28.19% vs . 25.22%)， 50岁分离率最高(72.88%)，10 ~ 20岁分离率最低(6.25%)，差异极显著(P<0.001)差异。黑河医院标本分离率(28.57%)高于其他医院，差异无统计学意义。菌株对粘菌素的敏感性最高(88.7%)，其次是亚胺培南(78.9%)，对氨苄西林的耐药率为98.6%，对阿莫西林、红霉素和甲氧苄啶/磺胺甲恶唑的耐药率为100%。在这些医院就诊的患者中，铜绿假单胞菌的广泛耐药率很高(19.72%)，其中伤口患者的耐药率最高(31.25%)。结论这些发现将有助于指导对多重和广泛耐药的铜绿假单胞菌采取适当的抗生素治疗策略，以应对耐药病原体进化的可能性。
{"title":"Prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and their antibiotic susceptibility among patients and healthcare workers in three Hospitals of Duhok city/ Iraq","authors":"Haval Khalid, Siham Abdullah Mohammed Said, Wijdan Mohammed Salih Mero","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1428","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1428","url":null,"abstract":"Objective Pseudomonas aeruginosa is opportunistic gram-negative bacillus and a major human pathogen belongs to family Pseudomonadaceae, it causes several nosocomial infections including pneumonia, urinary tract, surgical sites, otitis externa, and soft tissues.
 Methods: The study was conducted from April 2021 to January 2022 and involved the prevalence of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates and their susceptibility to different antimicrobial agents among patients and healthcare workers specimens in three hospitals of Duhok city. The collected specimens were examined and cultured on different media in the Advanced Microbiology Laboratory, Azadi teaching hospital. The isolated bacteria were identified according to their morphological and biochemical properties.
 Results: Out of 324 specimens, 29.32% (95/324) of the isolates were identified as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, isolated from 26.89% patients and 40% healthcare workers. Regarding isolate rates among specimens, the highest rate (48.78%) was from sputum, with a highly significant (P<0.001) difference from other sources. Females had a non-significantly higher isolate rate than males (28.19% vs 25.22%), ages, >50 years had the highest isolate rate (72.88%), while the lowest rate 6.25% was among ages >10-20 years, with highly significant (P< 0.001) differences among them. Specimens from Hevii hospital showed a non-significantly higher isolate rate (28.57%) than other hospitals. Isolates highest susceptibility was to Colistin (88.7%) followed by Imipenem (78.9%), while they were 98.6 % resistant to ampicillin and 100% resistant to Amoxicillin, Erythromycin and Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole. A high rate of extensively drug-resistant (19.72%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates was documented among patients who attended these hospitals with the highest (31.25%) from wounds.
 Conclusion these findings will be helpful to advise treatment with appropriate antibiotic strategy against multi- and extensively drug -resistant P. aeruginosa to cope with the chances of evolving resistant pathogens.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objectives: Molecular docking simulations were performed to assess the theoretical binding affinities of six (6) compounds created where they are derivatives having 1,3,4, oxadiazole moiety, and their target was cancer and Human carbonic anhydrase IX (PDB code: 6U4T). Using ChemDraw Ultra 12.0, the molecular structure was meticulously sketched. Molecular Operating environment software was used to verify the developed compounds by looking at their S. score and Rmsd values. Promising activity was seen with these proteins from the theoretically generated compounds, which exhibited strong binding contacts with the receptor active pocket. Methods: Chemically by joining together several oxadiazole derivatives, sulfanilamide analogues (IVa-IVd) may be created in the lab. Molecular docking and ligand/receptor priming by MOE software. Results: Acetazolamide was selected because it had the same pharmacophore as the sulfanilamide group, and cisplatin was used in clinical trials for cancer therapy. IVc and IVa yielded max score and irrevocable relationship compared with acetazolamide and cisplatin. Conclusion: The MOE docking results validated the potent anticancer activity, the identified compounds showing good binding affinity with target proteins relative to the reference drugs (Acetazolamide and cisplatin). The most effective anticancer compounds were IVc and IVa, which yielded a maximum score with a Rmsd of less than 2, the MOE docking results were able prove this. Compounds IVc and IVa exhibited the greatest cytotoxic impact of the synthetic compounds against MCF7, and all four synthesized compounds showed a superior safety profile than the standards in MCF10a.
{"title":"In silico study of new carbonic anhydrase inhibitor derivatives bearing 1, 3, 4-Oxadiazole moiety with promising anti-cancer activity.","authors":"Riyam Saad Aljubouri, Noor H. Naser","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1434","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Molecular docking simulations were performed to assess the theoretical binding affinities of six (6) compounds created where they are derivatives having 1,3,4, oxadiazole moiety, and their target was cancer and Human carbonic anhydrase IX (PDB code: 6U4T). Using ChemDraw Ultra 12.0, the molecular structure was meticulously sketched. Molecular Operating environment software was used to verify the developed compounds by looking at their S. score and Rmsd values. Promising activity was seen with these proteins from the theoretically generated compounds, which exhibited strong binding contacts with the receptor active pocket. Methods: Chemically by joining together several oxadiazole derivatives, sulfanilamide analogues (IVa-IVd) may be created in the lab. Molecular docking and ligand/receptor priming by MOE software. Results: Acetazolamide was selected because it had the same pharmacophore as the sulfanilamide group, and cisplatin was used in clinical trials for cancer therapy. IVc and IVa yielded max score and irrevocable relationship compared with acetazolamide and cisplatin. Conclusion: The MOE docking results validated the potent anticancer activity, the identified compounds showing good binding affinity with target proteins relative to the reference drugs (Acetazolamide and cisplatin). The most effective anticancer compounds were IVc and IVa, which yielded a maximum score with a Rmsd of less than 2, the MOE docking results were able prove this. Compounds IVc and IVa exhibited the greatest cytotoxic impact of the synthetic compounds against MCF7, and all four synthesized compounds showed a superior safety profile than the standards in MCF10a.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"314 8","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Can latent toxoplasmosis lead to Alzheimer's disease?","authors":"Shameeran Salman Ismael, Shaimaa Hamid Hasan","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1437","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"106 6","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million deaths in 2021. Genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition, play an important role in cancer development. At present, health professionals and the public have become highly interested in natural products and healthy food for preventing or treating cancer. Several natural products, such as fruits and vegetables, have demonstrated anticancer effects. Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), commonly known as prickly pear or cactus pear, is a plant that has numerous beneficial properties. It serves as a source of dietary fibres, vitamins and various bioactive compounds with diverse health benefits. These compounds are associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hypoglycaemic and neuroprotective properties. Different parts of the plant, including the fruit pulp and peel, cladodes (pads) and seeds, have been scientifically studied, and they have demonstrated therapeutic potential while being considered safe for human consumption. However, there is limited awareness and scientific information about OFI as a fruit. Reviewing existing knowledge and research on it is necessary to shed light on its potential anticancer properties. By consolidating the available information on OFI, we can gain a better understanding of this fruit and its potential role in cancer prevention and treatment.
{"title":"Opuntia ficus-indica and its potential effects on cancer","authors":"Hanadi Talal Ahmedah","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i5.1430","url":null,"abstract":"Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide, with an estimated 19.3 million new cases and 10.0 million deaths in 2021. Genetic and environmental factors, including nutrition, play an important role in cancer development. At present, health professionals and the public have become highly interested in natural products and healthy food for preventing or treating cancer. Several natural products, such as fruits and vegetables, have demonstrated anticancer effects. Opuntia ficus-indica (OFI), commonly known as prickly pear or cactus pear, is a plant that has numerous beneficial properties. It serves as a source of dietary fibres, vitamins and various bioactive compounds with diverse health benefits. These compounds are associated with anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antimicrobial, hypoglycaemic and neuroprotective properties. Different parts of the plant, including the fruit pulp and peel, cladodes (pads) and seeds, have been scientifically studied, and they have demonstrated therapeutic potential while being considered safe for human consumption. However, there is limited awareness and scientific information about OFI as a fruit. Reviewing existing knowledge and research on it is necessary to shed light on its potential anticancer properties. By consolidating the available information on OFI, we can gain a better understanding of this fruit and its potential role in cancer prevention and treatment.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"205 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136135302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zainab Kifah Abbas, Noor H. Naser, Rana Neama Atiya
Objectives: To assess the anticancer effects of recently developed compounds, Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd. These compounds were designed to specifically target the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in solid tumors. Methods: The chemical synthesis involved the use of sulfanilamide, chloroacetyl chloride, GABA, thionyl chloride, methanol, hydrazine hydrate, potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, and benzyl chloride derivatives. Docking studies were conducted using the MOE software program version 2015.10, and cytotoxic activity was predicted using the MTT assay. Results: The newly synthesized compounds exhibited notable antineoplastic activity in both in silico and cell line investigations. Although they showed a significant difference in potency compared to cisplatin against cancer cells, they also demonstrated significant differences in toxicity towards normal cells. When compared to acetazolamide, compounds Sb displayed an IC50 = 28.41 μM, which was significantly different, and compound Sd showed a non-significant difference with an IC50 = 61.20 μM against MCF7 cells. Additionally, Sb and Sd demonstrated significant difference in toxicity, with IC50 = 279.02 μM and 194.00 μM, respectively, against MCF10a cells. These findings indicate a significant difference compared to acetazolamide for the Sb compound and suggest that the synthesized compounds hold potential for further development as antineoplastic agents. Furthermore, the results from the cell line study align with the in silico study, where both compounds Sb and Sd exhibited higher S scores compared to acetazolamide, implying a stronger binding affinity with the receptor's catalytic site. The presence of a substituted 1,2,4-triazole ring in these compounds contributed to enhanced flexibility and improved interaction with the receptor. Conclusion: A new synthesized compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and demonstrated inhibitory potencies against carbonic anhydrase.
{"title":"Targeting the Carbonic Anhydrase Enzyme with Synthesized Benzenesulfonamide Derivatives: Inhibiting Tumor Growth","authors":"Zainab Kifah Abbas, Noor H. Naser, Rana Neama Atiya","doi":"10.22317/jcms.v9i4.1404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22317/jcms.v9i4.1404","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To assess the anticancer effects of recently developed compounds, Sa, Sb, Sc, and Sd. These compounds were designed to specifically target the carbonic anhydrase enzyme in solid tumors. Methods: The chemical synthesis involved the use of sulfanilamide, chloroacetyl chloride, GABA, thionyl chloride, methanol, hydrazine hydrate, potassium hydroxide, carbon disulfide, and benzyl chloride derivatives. Docking studies were conducted using the MOE software program version 2015.10, and cytotoxic activity was predicted using the MTT assay. Results: The newly synthesized compounds exhibited notable antineoplastic activity in both in silico and cell line investigations. Although they showed a significant difference in potency compared to cisplatin against cancer cells, they also demonstrated significant differences in toxicity towards normal cells. When compared to acetazolamide, compounds Sb displayed an IC50 = 28.41 μM, which was significantly different, and compound Sd showed a non-significant difference with an IC50 = 61.20 μM against MCF7 cells. Additionally, Sb and Sd demonstrated significant difference in toxicity, with IC50 = 279.02 μM and 194.00 μM, respectively, against MCF10a cells. These findings indicate a significant difference compared to acetazolamide for the Sb compound and suggest that the synthesized compounds hold potential for further development as antineoplastic agents. Furthermore, the results from the cell line study align with the in silico study, where both compounds Sb and Sd exhibited higher S scores compared to acetazolamide, implying a stronger binding affinity with the receptor's catalytic site. The presence of a substituted 1,2,4-triazole ring in these compounds contributed to enhanced flexibility and improved interaction with the receptor. Conclusion: A new synthesized compounds exhibited cytotoxicity and demonstrated inhibitory potencies against carbonic anhydrase.","PeriodicalId":42860,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Contemporary Medical Sciences","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135236078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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