Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7725
H. Yoshihara, N. Inoue
The primary aim of this paper is to outline the cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu people and their culture, as well as the characteristics of tourism leveraging these landscapes, in Biratori Town in the Hidaka region of Japan’s Hokkaido Prefecture. Such landscapes incorporate, as an integral part, sacred places of the Ainu, an indigenous people of Japan located mainly in Hokkaido. In particular, the Cultural Landscape along the Sarugawa River Resulting from Ainu Tradition and Modern Settlement has been designated as an Important Cultural Landscape by the Japanese government. Initiatives to preserve and utilize cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu as cultural properties enhance the value of local landscapes, and also have major significance as part of a regional promotion policy and motions for ethnic communities. Section 1 begins with an outline of sacred places in traditional Ainu culture based on examples, and details previous relevant research and studies. This is followed by a summary of views regarding the meanings of the words “sacred” and “places” and related concepts. In Section 2, the overall initiatives taken to preserve sacred places and cultural landscapes, in consideration of the relationship between such places and development of the region’s cultural landscapes, are discussed. Section 3 illustrates the involvement of local residents in cultural tourism leveraging cultural landscapes and details the prospects and challenges that lie ahead. It was only after the 1997 enactment of the Ainu Culture Promotion Act that national and local government policies on the Ainu began to change drastically from the forced assimilation implemented in the Meiji period to an approach involving Ainu cultural promotion. In addition, only relatively recently (2004) the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties was amended to cover cultural landscapes, and a limited research has been conducted connecting Ainu culture and cultural landscapes. As a result, sacred places and cultural landscapes of the indigenous Ainu people, which are based on their unique traditional view of nature (e.g., the concept that nothing descends to the earth from the world of the deities without a job to do), have rarely been highlighted as valuable cultural heritage sites either in Japan or elsewhere. Against this background, Biratori Town seeks to implement its own measures and projects for the preservation of cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu in keeping with national policies. The town promotes cultural tourism programs, eco-tourism courses and other projects in which the Ainu culture’s preservers play central roles, while working to improve the quality of local cultural resources in collaboration with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, the Agency for Cultural Affairs, the Forestry Agency and other national government bodies. One of the main pillars of these initiatives is the preservation and utilization of cultural lands
{"title":"The Sacred Landscape of Ainu Culture and its Cultural Landscapes: Case Study on the Conservation Strategy in Biratori City, Hokkaido","authors":"H. Yoshihara, N. Inoue","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7725","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7725","url":null,"abstract":"The primary aim of this paper is to outline the cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu people and their culture, as well as the characteristics of tourism leveraging these landscapes, in Biratori Town in the Hidaka region of Japan’s Hokkaido Prefecture. Such landscapes incorporate, as an integral part, sacred places of the Ainu, an indigenous people of Japan located mainly in Hokkaido. In particular, the Cultural Landscape along the Sarugawa River Resulting from Ainu Tradition and Modern Settlement has been designated as an Important Cultural Landscape by the Japanese government. Initiatives to preserve and utilize cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu as cultural properties enhance the value of local landscapes, and also have major significance as part of a regional promotion policy and motions for ethnic communities. Section 1 begins with an outline of sacred places in traditional Ainu culture based on examples, and details previous relevant research and studies. This is followed by a summary of views regarding the meanings of the words “sacred” and “places” and related concepts. In Section 2, the overall initiatives taken to preserve sacred places and cultural landscapes, in consideration of the relationship between such places and development of the region’s cultural landscapes, are discussed. Section 3 illustrates the involvement of local residents in cultural tourism leveraging cultural landscapes and details the prospects and challenges that lie ahead. It was only after the 1997 enactment of the Ainu Culture Promotion Act that national and local government policies on the Ainu began to change drastically from the forced assimilation implemented in the Meiji period to an approach involving Ainu cultural promotion. In addition, only relatively recently (2004) the Act on Protection of Cultural Properties was amended to cover cultural landscapes, and a limited research has been conducted connecting Ainu culture and cultural landscapes. As a result, sacred places and cultural landscapes of the indigenous Ainu people, which are based on their unique traditional view of nature (e.g., the concept that nothing descends to the earth from the world of the deities without a job to do), have rarely been highlighted as valuable cultural heritage sites either in Japan or elsewhere. Against this background, Biratori Town seeks to implement its own measures and projects for the preservation of cultural landscapes associated with the Ainu in keeping with national policies. The town promotes cultural tourism programs, eco-tourism courses and other projects in which the Ainu culture’s preservers play central roles, while working to improve the quality of local cultural resources in collaboration with the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, the Agency for Cultural Affairs, the Forestry Agency and other national government bodies. One of the main pillars of these initiatives is the preservation and utilization of cultural lands","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"17 1","pages":"107-128"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86863839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8182
F. Dallari, Filippo Pistocchi, G. Pungetti
{"title":"European and Global Perspectives on Sacred Landscape","authors":"F. Dallari, Filippo Pistocchi, G. Pungetti","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8182","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"3 1","pages":"252-256"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78046381","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7723
Vita de Waal
Since time immemorial there have been places that held a special meaning and were perceived to be endowed with special powers or of special spiritual or cultural significance. It is surprising to discover that many cultural and sacred sites have a long history reaching back hundreds of thousands of years (Mallarach & Papayannis, 2010). While some cultural traditions have their source in civilisations that have long since disappeared (Hamilton, 2006), many of their beliefs are still alive and their sacred sites have continued to be used for millennia, like in the Apennine, the old traditional Italian mountain. These sites, a true example of study, provide some understanding of how societies evolve, how the histories of people, their legends, their traditions, their beliefs, their laws, their rituals and religions play out in the evolution of human cultures to bring us to where we stand today: a composite of the past that survived through geographical and cultural diversification (Frascaroli & Verschuuren, 2016).
{"title":"Understanding the Continuous Sustainable Nature of Cultural and Sacred Heritage - The Cultural and Sacred Sites of the Majella National Park in Abruzzo","authors":"Vita de Waal","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7723","url":null,"abstract":"Since time immemorial there have been places that held a special meaning and were perceived to be endowed with special powers or of special spiritual or cultural significance. It is surprising to discover that many cultural and sacred sites have a long history reaching back hundreds of thousands of years (Mallarach & Papayannis, 2010). While some cultural traditions have their source in civilisations that have long since disappeared (Hamilton, 2006), many of their beliefs are still alive and their sacred sites have continued to be used for millennia, like in the Apennine, the old traditional Italian mountain. These sites, a true example of study, provide some understanding of how societies evolve, how the histories of people, their legends, their traditions, their beliefs, their laws, their rituals and religions play out in the evolution of human cultures to bring us to where we stand today: a composite of the past that survived through geographical and cultural diversification (Frascaroli & Verschuuren, 2016).","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"8 1","pages":"129-149"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73056524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8178
I. Sabbatini
{"title":"ARVO: Digital Archive of the Volto Santo. An Ancient Archive in the Digital Age","authors":"I. Sabbatini","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"23 1","pages":"202-215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76534506","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8180
P. Chierici
{"title":"The Sacred Landscape in Suburbs Space. The Path of the Bregoli (Italy)","authors":"P. Chierici","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/8180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"41 1","pages":"235-251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88010727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7813
Glenda Furini, G. Gambetta
Non sempre si riflette sull’importanza di saper relazionare tra loro beni culturali differenti per riuscire a mettere in atto strategie di valorizzazione capaci di varcare i limiti settoriali. Si tende invece a ragionare per compartimenti separati con il rischio di targettizzare un prodotto culturale che invece dovrebbe essere promosso ad un pubblico di ampio respiro. La mostra fotografica “Chiesa e societa in Italia nella seconda meta del Novecento” si e proposta fin dalla nascita di varcare questa separazione attraverso la messa in mostra di una selezione tematica di fotografie del fotografo Rodrigo Pais, esposte all’interno della sala dell’ex oratorio della Basilica di San Martino Maggiore. Luogo che oggi non si trova in ottimali condizioni conservative pur mantenendo l’originario splendore sia nella componente architettonica sia negli elementi decorativi, caratterizzati dal grande affresco secentesco che ricopre interamente una delle quattro pareti della sala, e necessita visibilita per poter tornare ad essere un luogo vivo e vivace di scambi culturali.
{"title":"Rodrigo Pais Photo Archive, a Resource of Good Practices for the Religious Heritage. The Exhibition “Catholic Church and Society in Italy in the Second Half of the Twentieth Century”","authors":"Glenda Furini, G. Gambetta","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7813","url":null,"abstract":"Non sempre si riflette sull’importanza di saper relazionare tra loro beni culturali differenti per riuscire a mettere in atto strategie di valorizzazione capaci di varcare i limiti settoriali. Si tende invece a ragionare per compartimenti separati con il rischio di targettizzare un prodotto culturale che invece dovrebbe essere promosso ad un pubblico di ampio respiro. La mostra fotografica “Chiesa e societa in Italia nella seconda meta del Novecento” si e proposta fin dalla nascita di varcare questa separazione attraverso la messa in mostra di una selezione tematica di fotografie del fotografo Rodrigo Pais, esposte all’interno della sala dell’ex oratorio della Basilica di San Martino Maggiore. Luogo che oggi non si trova in ottimali condizioni conservative pur mantenendo l’originario splendore sia nella componente architettonica sia negli elementi decorativi, caratterizzati dal grande affresco secentesco che ricopre interamente una delle quattro pareti della sala, e necessita visibilita per poter tornare ad essere un luogo vivo e vivace di scambi culturali.","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"3 1","pages":"257-266"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89623837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7726
T. Kuroda
“Kofuns” are Japanese ancient tombs that were built from the mid-third to seventh centuries. Some of these Kofuns have survived into the present urban tissue despite being reused and showing changes in their form and their meaning. This study investigates panoramically the modes of reuse of ancient tumuli in today’s modern Tokyo by considering the characteristic phenomenon of “inheritance of sanctuaries.” As the base of consideration, I present the historical background of Kofun and its distribution in the Tokyo area. Then I clarify the mode of reuse of Kofuns from seven points as follows: “Reuse as cemeteries,” “Reuse as precincts of temples and shrines,” “Reuse as Fujizuka,” “Reuse as mounds in the garden,” “Reuse as signposts,” “Reuse of soil,” and “Reuse of stone.” By presenting some characteristic cases, such as Matsuchi-yama Shoden, Shiba Maruyama Kofun, and Tomizuka Kofun at Waseda, this study reveals the inheritance of topological meaning as sanctuaries of Kofuns in later periods.
{"title":"Inheritance of sanctuaries–Reuse of Kofuns in Tokyo","authors":"T. Kuroda","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7726","url":null,"abstract":"“Kofuns” are Japanese ancient tombs that were built from the mid-third to seventh centuries. Some of these Kofuns have survived into the present urban tissue despite being reused and showing changes in their form and their meaning. This study investigates panoramically the modes of reuse of ancient tumuli in today’s modern Tokyo by considering the characteristic phenomenon of “inheritance of sanctuaries.” As the base of consideration, I present the historical background of Kofun and its distribution in the Tokyo area. Then I clarify the mode of reuse of Kofuns from seven points as follows: “Reuse as cemeteries,” “Reuse as precincts of temples and shrines,” “Reuse as Fujizuka,” “Reuse as mounds in the garden,” “Reuse as signposts,” “Reuse of soil,” and “Reuse of stone.” By presenting some characteristic cases, such as Matsuchi-yama Shoden, Shiba Maruyama Kofun, and Tomizuka Kofun at Waseda, this study reveals the inheritance of topological meaning as sanctuaries of Kofuns in later periods.","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"28 1","pages":"78-106"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87101250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/issn.2036-5195/8183
Simone Marchesani
This contribution wants to show the history of the Archivio Arcivescovile in Bologna also to an untrained public: the numerous, important documents that it contains, the people who worked on it, the changes of seat that took place over the centuries. In this way, introducing the many funds now preserved, a history very linked to the Bolognese territory is rediscovered: in fact ancient and recent papers housed in this place often transmit unexpected, surprising information and contribute to a deeper knowledge of many places (sacred and profane) that cheer the gaze of the yesterday and today traveller.
{"title":"A Precious Documentary Heritage: the Archdiocese Archive of Bologna (Italy)","authors":"Simone Marchesani","doi":"10.6092/issn.2036-5195/8183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/8183","url":null,"abstract":"This contribution wants to show the history of the Archivio Arcivescovile in Bologna also to an untrained public: the numerous, important documents that it contains, the people who worked on it, the changes of seat that took place over the centuries. In this way, introducing the many funds now preserved, a history very linked to the Bolognese territory is rediscovered: in fact ancient and recent papers housed in this place often transmit unexpected, surprising information and contribute to a deeper knowledge of many places (sacred and profane) that cheer the gaze of the yesterday and today traveller.","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"7 1","pages":"222-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84807419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/issn.2036-5195/7837
T. Rossi
The ecclesiastical archives contain the millennial memory of our past. Unlike the Italian State Archives and the European National Archives, they are the only institutions that can boast a history coming back much long before the year 1000 a.D. The activity of researcher therefore must be made easier as much as possible. A heritage of enormous importance is located in Lucca. The Historical Diocesan Archive of Lucca is one of the most important ecclesiastical archives in the world, with almost 1,500 linear meters of documentation and over 13,500 parchments. Its archival items cover around 15th centuries of history and the wealth of them is known worldwide to scholars and archival institutions. In 2011, the Early Middle Ages documents present in Lucca’s Archive were included in the Memory of the World Register by UNESCO. This recognition places the Archive in front of two important challenges for the future: the correct preservation of such a precious asset and the correct management of the assets and spaces in which the scrolls are stored. The present paper presents the documentary and library collections of the Archive, briefly focusing on some peculiarities, and analyzing more concretely those aspects that affect the life of the archive itself, for instance its physical location, its historical importance and the role that it plays as a memory of society.
{"title":"The Historical Diocesan Archive of Lucca, Unesco Heritage (Italy)","authors":"T. Rossi","doi":"10.6092/issn.2036-5195/7837","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/issn.2036-5195/7837","url":null,"abstract":"The ecclesiastical archives contain the millennial memory of our past. Unlike the Italian State Archives and the European National Archives, they are the only institutions that can boast a history coming back much long before the year 1000 a.D. The activity of researcher therefore must be made easier as much as possible. A heritage of enormous importance is located in Lucca. The Historical Diocesan Archive of Lucca is one of the most important ecclesiastical archives in the world, with almost 1,500 linear meters of documentation and over 13,500 parchments. Its archival items cover around 15th centuries of history and the wealth of them is known worldwide to scholars and archival institutions. In 2011, the Early Middle Ages documents present in Lucca’s Archive were included in the Memory of the World Register by UNESCO. This recognition places the Archive in front of two important challenges for the future: the correct preservation of such a precious asset and the correct management of the assets and spaces in which the scrolls are stored. The present paper presents the documentary and library collections of the Archive, briefly focusing on some peculiarities, and analyzing more concretely those aspects that affect the life of the archive itself, for instance its physical location, its historical importance and the role that it plays as a memory of society.","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"4 1","pages":"172-201"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87757320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-05-23DOI: 10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7809
G. Pungetti
The natural, cultural and spiritual values that local communities assign to holy lands is a fundamental concept to consider in landscape conservation. In sacred sites, people meet and express their spiritual meanings trough their individual experience. Among these holy lands are the sacred natural sites, with habitats and ecosystems which comprise endangered or sacred species. Sacred natural sites support nature conservation, expand human well-being, encompass tangible and intangible values and create that spiritual relationship between people and the web of life. Sacred sites, moreover, embeds natural, cultural and spiritual values that communities put into holy land, which in turn become a sacred landscape. As outlined in this special issue of Alma Tourism, in sacred landscape the connection between nature and culture is explicated by the values that people attribute to a holy area. Natural, cultural and spiritual values of landscape are the main aspects analysed in this research, which starts from the hypothesis that sacred landscapes serve to conserve both natural and cultural heritage. It also analyses and evaluates sacred landscapes under threat, and proposes measures to preserve them. Natural, cultural and spiritual values of sacred landscape are here introduced and discussed though European and global conventions, and are described with several examples in Italy in general, and with a case study in Tuscany in particular.
{"title":"Spiritual Values of Landscape for a Recomposition between Nature and Culture","authors":"G. Pungetti","doi":"10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/ISSN.2036-5195/7809","url":null,"abstract":"The natural, cultural and spiritual values that local communities assign to holy lands is a fundamental concept to consider in landscape conservation. In sacred sites, people meet and express their spiritual meanings trough their individual experience. Among these holy lands are the sacred natural sites, with habitats and ecosystems which comprise endangered or sacred species. Sacred natural sites support nature conservation, expand human well-being, encompass tangible and intangible values and create that spiritual relationship between people and the web of life. Sacred sites, moreover, embeds natural, cultural and spiritual values that communities put into holy land, which in turn become a sacred landscape. As outlined in this special issue of Alma Tourism, in sacred landscape the connection between nature and culture is explicated by the values that people attribute to a holy area. Natural, cultural and spiritual values of landscape are the main aspects analysed in this research, which starts from the hypothesis that sacred landscapes serve to conserve both natural and cultural heritage. It also analyses and evaluates sacred landscapes under threat, and proposes measures to preserve them. Natural, cultural and spiritual values of sacred landscape are here introduced and discussed though European and global conventions, and are described with several examples in Italy in general, and with a case study in Tuscany in particular.","PeriodicalId":42867,"journal":{"name":"Almatourism-Journal of Tourism Culture and Territorial Development","volume":"28 1-2 1","pages":"17-31"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87660032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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