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JOURNAL OF LITERARY SEMANTICS最新文献

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Foreword 前言
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2021-2026
Marina Lambrou
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引用次数: 0
World-switch and mind style in The Barracks: a cognitive approach to ideology 《兵营》中的世界转换和思维方式:意识形态的认知方法
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2021-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2021-2029
Salvador Alarcón-Hermosilla
Abstract The aim of this paper is to take a close look at John McGahern’s mind style through the language of the heroine Elizabeth Reegan and other characters, in his 1963 novel The Barracks. Specifically, attention will be drawn to how the linguistic choices shape the figurative language to cast the author’s controversial views on the religion-pervaded puritan Irish society that he knew so well. This will be done from two different perspectives. One perspective is through the breast cancer afflicted heroine, who asserts herself as a free thinker and a woman of science, in a society where priests have a strong influence at all social levels, and most women settle for housekeeping. The other is also through Elizabeth, together with other minor characters, who dare question some of the basic well-established ideological assumptions, in a series of examples where the author skilfully raises two parallel dichotomies, namely, FAITH versus REASON, and DARKNESS versus LIGHT. At a linguistic level, the present analysis relies on precepts from Frame Semantics, Conceptual Metaphor Theory, and Cognitive Grammar. These insights prove a most useful method of approach to a narrative text while unearthing the author’s ideological world view.
本文旨在通过约翰·麦加亨1963年创作的小说《兵营》中女主人公伊丽莎白·里根和其他人物的语言来考察他的思想风格。具体来说,我们将关注语言的选择如何塑造比喻语言,以表达作者对他所熟知的宗教盛行的清教徒爱尔兰社会的有争议的观点。这将从两个不同的角度来完成。一个视角是通过患有乳腺癌的女主人公,她在一个牧师在社会各阶层都有强大影响力,大多数女性都满足于家务的社会中,坚持自己是自由思想家和科学女性。另一个也是通过伊丽莎白和其他小角色,他们敢于质疑一些基本的公认的意识形态假设,在一系列的例子中,作者巧妙地提出了两个平行的二分法,即信仰与理性,黑暗与光明。在语言学层面上,目前的分析依赖于框架语义学、概念隐喻理论和认知语法。这些见解在揭示作者意识形态世界观的同时,也被证明是研究叙事文本的一种最有用的方法。
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引用次数: 1
Foreword 前言
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2020
M. Toolan
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引用次数: 0
Literary meaning as character conceptualization: Re-orienting the cognitive stylistic analysis of character discourse and Free Indirect Thought 作为人物概念化的文学意义:重新定位人物话语与自由间接思维的认知文体分析
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2024
Eric M. Rundquist
Abstract This article establishes the theoretical bases for a more direct and detailed exploration of fictional minds in cognitive stylistics. This discipline usually analyzes narrative discourse in terms of how readers process language and conceptualize narrative meaning, treating literary language more or less explicitly as a window into readers’ mental experiences. However, it is also possible to treat literary language as a window into characters’ minds, which, in spite of their obvious fictionality, could enhance the potential for cognitive linguistic analysis to inform our understanding of the human mind and consciousness more generally. This article explores the nature of linguistic meaning in different speech and thought presentation techniques primarily through the lens of Langacker’s Cognitive Grammar, ultimately prioritizing the representational semantics of Free Indirect Thought. It proposes a more precise understanding of the concept of ‘conceptualizer’ which would validate a type of mind style analysis that is more narrowly focused on illuminating the underlying mental activity of fictional characters instead of readers. It demonstrates this type of focus with a brief analysis of a passage from Charles Jackson’s The Lost Weekend.
摘要本文为在认知文体学中更直接、更详细地探索虚构心理奠定了理论基础。该学科通常从读者如何处理语言和概念化叙事意义的角度来分析叙事话语,或多或少地将文学语言明确地视为了解读者心理体验的窗口。然而,也可以将文学语言视为了解人物心灵的窗口,尽管它们具有明显的虚构性,但这可以增强认知语言学分析的潜力,为我们更广泛地理解人类的心灵和意识提供信息。本文主要从Langacker的认知语法的角度来探讨不同言语和思维呈现技术中语言意义的本质,最终优先考虑自由间接思维的表征语义。它提出了对“概念化者”概念的更精确理解,这将验证一种更狭隘地专注于阐明虚构人物而非读者潜在心理活动的思维风格分析。它通过对查尔斯·杰克逊的《失落的周末》中一段话的简要分析,展示了这种关注。
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引用次数: 2
The status of the narrator in Modernist fiction 叙述者在现代主义小说中的地位
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2021
V. Sotirova
Abstract This article explores hitherto unexplored complexities in the positioning of the Modernist narrator. Taking as a starting point Banfield’s ‘empty centre’ technique, the article re-evaluates the difficulties posed by this phenomenon and develops a more thorough and a sounder understanding of ‘the empty centre’. Some of the evidence for a new theory of ‘empty centre’ passages comes from pragmatics and naturally occurring discourse data. In particular, an investigation of the impersonal uses of generic pronouns, which Monika Fludernik (1993. The fictions of language and the languages of fiction: The linguistic representation of speech and consciousness. London: Routledge; 1996. Towards a natural narratology. London: Routledge) had established as key to our understanding of the technique, sheds new light on the nature of the ‘empty centre’ technique and leads to a new understanding of the status of the Modernist narrator. I propose that it is most plausible that the reader will naturalise examples of ‘the empty centre’ as stemming from the narrator. I also argue that we need to construct a new understanding of the status of the Modernist narrator which takes into account some of the central tenets of the Modernist aesthetic, those concerning subjectivity and the possibility of objectivity. Thus, what emerges from the analysis is that the self, and the narratorial figure by extension, can no longer be endowed with the power of omniscience. I will develop my theoretical explanation of ‘the empty centre’ and the positioning of the narrator in Modernist fiction with reference to a variety of examples, mainly drawn from Katherine Mansfield and Virginia Woolf.
本文探讨了现代主义叙述者定位的复杂性。本文以班菲尔德的“空中心”技术为出发点,重新评估了这一现象所带来的困难,并对“空中心”有了更全面、更健全的理解。“空中心”段落新理论的一些证据来自语用学和自然发生的话语数据。特别是对属类代词的人称用法的研究,这是Monika Fludernik(1993)提出的。语言的虚构与虚构的语言:言语与意识的语言表征。伦敦:劳特利奇;1996. 走向自然叙事学。伦敦:劳特利奇出版社)已经确立了作为我们理解技术的关键,揭示了“空中心”技术的本质,并导致了对现代主义叙述者地位的新理解。我认为,读者会自然而然地把“空中心”的例子看作是出自叙述者的,这是最合理的。我还认为,我们需要对现代主义叙述者的地位建立一种新的认识,这种认识要考虑到现代主义美学的一些核心原则,即关于主体性和客观性的可能性的原则。因此,从分析中得出的结论是,自我,以及引申出来的叙事形象,再也不能被赋予无所不知的力量。我将通过参考各种例子,主要来自凯瑟琳·曼斯菲尔德和弗吉尼亚·伍尔夫,来发展我对现代主义小说中“空中心”和叙述者定位的理论解释。
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引用次数: 1
The tragic in Greek drama and conceptual blending 希腊戏剧中的悲剧与观念交融
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2025
Georgios Ioannou
Abstract This paper examines the tragic sense permeating ancient Greek drama as a product of a special type of conceptual integration between two antithetic mental spaces, which prompts the simultaneous generation of two mutually exclusive emergent structures. The special tragic sense generated carries along the inferences of two equally impossible situations. The key-difference between this type of blend and other counterfactuals is argued to be found in the lack of reference scenario in the blend. In the context of theatrical enactment, the realisation of this special type of antithetic blend is based on the frame-clash between conceived and enacted space, matched by the emotions of pity and fear, respectively. The feeling of catharsis that follows the end of the play is analysed as a second level blend within the emergent structure that leads to the restoration of a single common space of cognitive compatibility between actors and audience.
摘要本文考察了渗透在古希腊戏剧中的悲剧感,这是两个对立的心理空间之间一种特殊类型的概念整合的产物,它促使两个相互排斥的涌现结构同时产生。所产生的特殊悲剧感伴随着对两种同样不可能的情况的推论。这种类型的混合与其他反事实之间的关键区别在于混合中缺乏参考场景。在戏剧表演的背景下,这种特殊类型的对偶融合的实现是基于构思和表演空间之间的框架冲突,分别与怜悯和恐惧的情绪相匹配。该剧结束后的宣泄感被分析为突现结构中的第二层次融合,从而恢复了演员和观众之间认知兼容性的单一公共空间。
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引用次数: 1
Frontmatter
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-frontmatter2
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引用次数: 0
Perceptual relevance and art: Some tentative suggestions 感性关联与艺术:一些尝试性的建议
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2022
P. Kolaiti
Abstract A fundamental assumption in relevance theory is that human cognition has evolved in the direction of increased efficiency and, as such, tends, as Sperber and Wilson (Relevance: Communication and cognition, 2nd ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 1995: 38–46, 260–66) put it in their cognitive principle, to be naturally geared towards the maximisation of relevance. The cognitive principle inter alia explains the selectivity of human agency and attention: for an input to merit the attention of the human cognitive system, it must seem relevant enough to be worth attending to. But what makes an input relevant? The relevance-theoretic account proposes that relevance for an individual organism at any specific time involves a balancing of mental effort and a particular type of worthwhile modifications, cognitive effects, that are representational in nature and amount to improvements in knowledge. The type of relevance yielded by such effects could be described as a cognitive type of relevance. However, inputs such as artistic stimuli – including literary ones – invite us to widen the scope of the causal engineering behind the selective directedness of our mental lives. Artistic stimuli merit the attention of the human cognitive system at various time-scales (momentary, developmental, and evolutionary). Following Kolaiti (The limits of expression: Language, literature, mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2019: 76–94) and drawing on neuroscientific evidence from the last 25 years, I will make tentative suggestions that artistic stimuli may also yield non-representational worthwhile modifications or effects. My discussion focuses on one such type of effects involving the human perceptual system: perceptual effects. Being partly or wholly embodied, perceptual effects could extend the machinery of relevance theory in an embodied direction and widen its interdisciplinary implications.
关联理论的一个基本假设是,人类的认知已经朝着提高效率的方向发展,因此,正如Sperber和Wilson(相关性:沟通与认知,第2版。牛津:布莱克威尔,1995:38 - 46,260 - 66)在他们的认知原则中所说的那样,倾向于自然地朝着相关性的最大化方向发展。认知原理除其他外解释了人类能动性和注意力的选择性:对于值得人类认知系统注意的输入,它必须看起来足够相关,值得关注。但是,是什么让输入具有相关性呢?关联理论的解释提出,在任何特定时间,个体有机体的相关性涉及到心理努力和特定类型的有价值的修改,即认知效果的平衡,这在本质上是表征性的,相当于知识的改进。这种效应产生的关联类型可以被描述为认知类型的关联。然而,像艺术刺激(包括文学刺激)这样的输入,邀请我们扩大我们心理生活选择性导向背后的因果工程的范围。艺术刺激在不同的时间尺度(瞬间的、发展的和进化的)值得人类认知系统的注意。表达的极限:语言、文学、心灵。剑桥:剑桥大学出版社,2019:76-94),并借鉴过去25年的神经科学证据,我将提出初步建议,即艺术刺激也可能产生非代表性的有价值的修改或效果。我的讨论集中在一类涉及人类感知系统的效应:感知效应。知觉效应作为部分或全部的具身,可以将关联理论的机制向具身方向延伸,并扩大其跨学科的意义。
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引用次数: 5
Is the truthfulness of a proposition verifiable through access to reference corpora? 命题的真实性是否可以通过参考语料库进行验证?
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2023
M. Milojković
Abstract This paper reviews Louw’s (1993 and subsequent publications) deployment of reference corpora in the light of existing philosophical and linguistic milestones when it comes to the notion of the truthfulness of a proposition. Louw (William Ernest. 1993. Irony in the text or insincerity in the writer? The diagnostic potential of semantic prosodies. In Mona Baker, Gill Francis & Elena Tognini-Bonelli (eds.), Text and technology: In honour of John Sinclair, 152–176. Amsterdam: John Benjamins) resorts to reference corpora in order either to explicate a rhetorical device (in Louw 1993, that of irony) or to attempt to reveal the true attitude of the speaker to his/her own proposition (including instances of insincerity). Using two methods (co-selection and wildcarding), an author’s collocational patterns in context are checked against those in the reference corpus, also in context. The frequent lexical variables of grammar strings are taken to represent that string’s corpus-derived subtext. Recently, Louw’s Contextual Prosodic Theory (CPT) has revealed the mechanism of prospection, whereby the grammatical pattern in the first line of a poem anticipates by its most frequent lexical collocates the themes in the remainder of the poem (Louw, Bill & Milojkovic, Marija. 2016. Corpus stylistics as contextual prosodic theory and subtext, 176–183. Amsterdam: John Benjamins). The philosophical background of Louw’s CPT is the works of Frege, Russell and Wittgenstein (Louw, William Ernest. 2010a. Collocation as instrumentation for meaning: A scientific fact. In Willie van Peer, Vander Viana & Sonia Zyngier (eds.), Literary education and digital learning: methods and technologies for humanities studies, 79–101. Hershey, PA: IGI Global and subsequent works) and could be said to be in need of further explanation and illustration. The paper discusses Louw’s take on insincerity (1993) as the speaker’s attitude to the truthfulness of her own statement from the point of view of Frege’s Sinn/Bedeutung distinction, Russell’s logical language, and Wittgenstein’s attitude to the relationship between language and reality. Since prospection may be considered objective proof of the effectiveness of Louw’s approach, an instance of prospection from a poem by Brodsky is used to show that Wittgenstein’s concern for the truthfulness of propositions may be viewed as both the guarantor and the beneficiary of Louw’s views. Additionally, the paper presents an example of prospection in the first line of a novel, Don DeLillo’s White Noise. However, other grammatical patterns in the passage studied in this paper do not contain deviations from the corpus norm, which conforms to the existing commentary on DeLillo in the field of literary criticism. The paper concludes by stating that reference corpora used inductively (Louw, William Ernest. 2017. Uneasy humour as discovery: Collocation and empathy as Whewellian consilience. Studying Humour: International Journal 4) may shed light on t
摘要本文回顾了劳(1993年及以后的出版物)在命题真实性概念方面对参考语料库的运用,并结合已有的哲学和语言学里程碑进行了评述。威廉·欧内斯特,1993。是文中的讽刺还是作者的虚伪?语义韵律的诊断潜力。在莫娜·贝克,吉尔·弗朗西斯和埃琳娜·托格尼-博内利(编),文本和技术:在纪念约翰·辛克莱,152-176。阿姆斯特丹:约翰·本杰明)利用参考语料库来解释一种修辞手段(在1993年,是反讽的修辞手段)或试图揭示说话者对自己的命题的真实态度(包括不真诚的实例)。使用两种方法(共同选择和通配符),将作者在上下文中的搭配模式与参考语料库中的搭配模式进行对照。语法字符串的频繁词法变量被用来表示该字符串的语料库派生的潜台词。最近,low的语境韵律理论(CPT)揭示了前体机制,即诗歌第一行的语法模式通过其最频繁的词汇搭配来预测诗歌其余部分的主题(low, Bill & Milojkovic, Marija, 2016)。语料库文体学作为语境韵律理论和潜台词,176-183。阿姆斯特丹:约翰·本杰明)。low的CPT理论的哲学背景是弗雷格、罗素和维特根斯坦的著作(low, William Ernest. 2010)。搭配作为表达意思的工具:一个科学事实。在Willie van Peer, Vander Viana和Sonia Zyngier(编),文学教育和数字学习:人文学科研究的方法和技术,79-101。好时,PA: IGI Global和随后的作品),可以说需要进一步的解释和说明。本文从弗雷格的Sinn/Bedeutung区分、罗素的逻辑语言和维特根斯坦对语言与现实关系的态度的角度,讨论了洛(1993)对不真诚的看法,即说话者对自己陈述的真实性的态度。由于展望可以被认为是洛的方法有效性的客观证明,因此本文以布罗茨基一首诗中的展望为例,表明维特根斯坦对命题真实性的关注可以被视为洛的观点的担保人和受益者。此外,本文还以唐·德里罗的《白噪音》为例,介绍了小说第一行的展望。然而,本文所研究的段落中的其他语法模式并没有偏离语料库规范,这与文学批评领域对德里罗的现有评论是一致的。本文最后指出归纳使用的参考语料库(low, William Ernest. 2017)。作为发现的不安幽默:搭配和同理心是惠威尔式的一致性。《研究幽默:国际期刊》可以揭示说话者对自己言论真实性的态度。
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引用次数: 0
The situatedness of meaning construction in Wisława Szymborska’s “Cat in an Empty Apartment” Wisława辛波斯卡《空公寓里的猫》意义建构的情境性
IF 1 2区 文学 Q1 Arts and Humanities Pub Date : 2020-04-01 DOI: 10.1515/jls-2020-2015
K. Stadnik
Abstract So far the cognitively-oriented study of literature has largely missed out on the cognitive conception of situatedness, which holds that human mental activity should be seen through the lens of its grounding in the physical, social and cultural milieu of the individual. Accordingly, the article shows the value of this approach in a Cognitive Linguistic analysis of Wisława Szymborska’s poem “Cat in an Empty Apartment”, setting out the ways in which situatedness underlies dynamic meaning construction in the production and reception of the work, giving rise to the singularity (Attridge 2004. The singularity of literature. London-New York: Routledge) of the poem. The paper concludes that situatedness can illuminate how the interplay of cognitive, linguistic, social and cultural factors might be brought to bear on the singularity of a literary work.
到目前为止,以认知为导向的文学研究在很大程度上忽略了情境性的认知概念,情境性认为人类的心理活动应该通过个体的物质、社会和文化环境来看待。因此,本文通过对Wisława Szymborska的诗歌《空公寓里的猫》的认知语言学分析,展示了这种方法的价值,阐述了在作品的生产和接受过程中,情境性是动态意义构建的基础,从而产生了奇点(Attridge 2004)。文学的独特性。伦敦-纽约:劳特利奇出版社)。情境性可以说明认知、语言、社会和文化因素的相互作用是如何影响文学作品的独特性的。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
JOURNAL OF LITERARY SEMANTICS
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