Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.2
Sergey I. Morozov, K. Makarenko
Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction between government and society in modern Russia, expressed in the phenomenon of trust. The focus of the authors’ attention is directed to the study of the impact of crisis upheavals (the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine) on the change in the trust of the population of the Russian Federation in the main political institutions. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to fix the existing forms of interaction between the authorities and society as well as identify the prospects for changing these practices in the perspective of society’s transition to a post-crisis state. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study was the neo-institutional approach, which made it possible to present trust because of the activity of political institutions in building and observing the “rules of the game.” The empirical basis of the study is public opinion polls conducted by the largest Russian sociological centers. Analysis and results. Trust in political institutions is presented as an important phenomenon of civilized societies, characterizing the importance of rules rather than specific personalities. The study revealed that in Russia, crisis situations, which are institutionally determined trajectories caused by external shocks that change the “rules of the game” that have developed in society and forms of communication with the authorities, are a condition for an exponential growth of trust (both generalized and institutional). At the same time, during crises, an increase in the level of trust is observed even for institutions that are traditionally criticized by most of society (such as the government and the State Duma). The youth, being reactionary and variable in their political behavior, show increased trust in political institutions. However, if adult trust is based on emotional hope for the future, youth trust is usually based on rational grounds. Yet a sharp increase in trust in the main political institutions during crises can be replaced by the same rapid decline in the conditions of “normality” when the traditional problems of socio-economic development again come to the fore on the agenda formed by society. Authors’ contributions. S.I. Morozov carried out an analysis of studies on institutional trust in modern Russia, chose and substantiated the theoretical and methodological framework of the work, and also formed the general concept of the study. K.M. Makarenko summarized and analyzed empirical data on the research topic, substantiated the role and impact of crisis shocks on institutional trust in the Russian Federation, and formulated the main conclusions of the work.
{"title":"Trust of Modern Russian Youth in Political Institutions in Conditions of Crisis Shocks","authors":"Sergey I. Morozov, K. Makarenko","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.2","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to the analysis of the interaction between government and society in modern Russia, expressed in the phenomenon of trust. The focus of the authors’ attention is directed to the study of the impact of crisis upheavals (the COVID-19 pandemic and the implementation of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine) on the change in the trust of the population of the Russian Federation in the main political institutions. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to fix the existing forms of interaction between the authorities and society as well as identify the prospects for changing these practices in the perspective of society’s transition to a post-crisis state. Methods and materials. The methodological basis of the study was the neo-institutional approach, which made it possible to present trust because of the activity of political institutions in building and observing the “rules of the game.” The empirical basis of the study is public opinion polls conducted by the largest Russian sociological centers. Analysis and results. Trust in political institutions is presented as an important phenomenon of civilized societies, characterizing the importance of rules rather than specific personalities. The study revealed that in Russia, crisis situations, which are institutionally determined trajectories caused by external shocks that change the “rules of the game” that have developed in society and forms of communication with the authorities, are a condition for an exponential growth of trust (both generalized and institutional). At the same time, during crises, an increase in the level of trust is observed even for institutions that are traditionally criticized by most of society (such as the government and the State Duma). The youth, being reactionary and variable in their political behavior, show increased trust in political institutions. However, if adult trust is based on emotional hope for the future, youth trust is usually based on rational grounds. Yet a sharp increase in trust in the main political institutions during crises can be replaced by the same rapid decline in the conditions of “normality” when the traditional problems of socio-economic development again come to the fore on the agenda formed by society. Authors’ contributions. S.I. Morozov carried out an analysis of studies on institutional trust in modern Russia, chose and substantiated the theoretical and methodological framework of the work, and also formed the general concept of the study. K.M. Makarenko summarized and analyzed empirical data on the research topic, substantiated the role and impact of crisis shocks on institutional trust in the Russian Federation, and formulated the main conclusions of the work.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"22 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83088167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.19
A. Sokolov, A. Frolov, E. Grebenko
Introduction. The article deals with issues related to the comprehensive phenomenon of modernity, the Internet. Attention is paid to new phenomena of its development, such as the emergence of digital services and platforms as well as the creation of digital ecosystems. Domestic and foreign approaches to the analysis of the ecosystem phenomenon are considered, and specific characteristics that are observed in the process of the formation of digital ecosystems in Russian politics are given. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a survey of experts from 12 subjects of the Russian Federation, with a total sample of 134 respondents, aimed at determining the features of the formation and functioning of digital services in modern Russian politics. Experts assess the digital services of modern Russia and the potential of ecosystem development in politics. Analysis. Experts’ assessment of the existence of full-fledged ecosystems in politics at the moment in Russia is quite unambiguous. More than half of the experts note that at the moment there are no full-fledged ecosystems in politics, and only a small part of the experts note that they see certain elements of the manifestation of ecosystems in politics. At the same time, many experts note the effectiveness of the use of ecosystems in the commercial sphere, elements of which can be successfully used and integrated into ecosystems in politics. Results. The research conducted suggests that initially small digital services, as they developed, significantly transformed many traditional areas of activity. Moreover, they became the technologies that began to monopolize them, turning into global (both geographically and functionally) ecosystems. The Internet allows citizens and various political and civil institutions to simplify their own interactions through the use of modern advances in digital technologies. The creation of ecosystems is most effective when it is initiated by actors pursuing specific goals. In the case of ecosystems, there is a shortage of both subjectivity and goal-setting in politics. This significantly limits the incentives for the development of digital services. Authors’ contribution. Sokolov A.V.: formulation of the paper’s problem, creation of a theoretical concept, analysis of the literature on the research problem, scientific editing of the text of the paper, formulation of conclusions and research results. Frolov A.A.: creation of the main concept of the article, revision of the paper’s text, formulation of conclusions. Grebenko E.D.: data processing, preparation of the paper’s text and graphic results of the study, formulation of conclusions.
{"title":"Digital Services as a Stage of Ecosystem Development in Modern Russian Politics","authors":"A. Sokolov, A. Frolov, E. Grebenko","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.19","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article deals with issues related to the comprehensive phenomenon of modernity, the Internet. Attention is paid to new phenomena of its development, such as the emergence of digital services and platforms as well as the creation of digital ecosystems. Domestic and foreign approaches to the analysis of the ecosystem phenomenon are considered, and specific characteristics that are observed in the process of the formation of digital ecosystems in Russian politics are given. Materials and methods. The article presents the results of a survey of experts from 12 subjects of the Russian Federation, with a total sample of 134 respondents, aimed at determining the features of the formation and functioning of digital services in modern Russian politics. Experts assess the digital services of modern Russia and the potential of ecosystem development in politics. Analysis. Experts’ assessment of the existence of full-fledged ecosystems in politics at the moment in Russia is quite unambiguous. More than half of the experts note that at the moment there are no full-fledged ecosystems in politics, and only a small part of the experts note that they see certain elements of the manifestation of ecosystems in politics. At the same time, many experts note the effectiveness of the use of ecosystems in the commercial sphere, elements of which can be successfully used and integrated into ecosystems in politics. Results. The research conducted suggests that initially small digital services, as they developed, significantly transformed many traditional areas of activity. Moreover, they became the technologies that began to monopolize them, turning into global (both geographically and functionally) ecosystems. The Internet allows citizens and various political and civil institutions to simplify their own interactions through the use of modern advances in digital technologies. The creation of ecosystems is most effective when it is initiated by actors pursuing specific goals. In the case of ecosystems, there is a shortage of both subjectivity and goal-setting in politics. This significantly limits the incentives for the development of digital services. Authors’ contribution. Sokolov A.V.: formulation of the paper’s problem, creation of a theoretical concept, analysis of the literature on the research problem, scientific editing of the text of the paper, formulation of conclusions and research results. Frolov A.A.: creation of the main concept of the article, revision of the paper’s text, formulation of conclusions. Grebenko E.D.: data processing, preparation of the paper’s text and graphic results of the study, formulation of conclusions.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"390 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80440942","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.13
Lin Yinan
Introduction. The subject of the study is the personnel changes carried out by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1986 in the framework of putting forward the improvement of Sino-Soviet relations. The object of the study is the activities of high-ranking Soviet sinologist-diplomats in the context of developing and implementing the USSR’s China policy. The purpose of the study is to determine the key figures in the diplomatic circles of the USSR who were in charge of China issues and accordingly reveal their influence on the process of normalizing Sino-Soviet relations in the second half of the 1980s. Methods and materials. The analysis is based on the comprehensive and comparative use of the memories of witnesses to historical events in the USSR and the PRC, as well as archival documents from Russia and former socialist countries. Analysis. Immediately after coming to power, Gorbachev began to consider the improvement of relations with China a priority of Soviet foreign policy and showed great enthusiasm for it. But Brezhnev’s foreign policy elites, including the minister of foreign affairs, two deputy foreign ministers, the first deputy head of the Department for Liaison with Communist and Workers’ Parties of Socialist Countries, and the Soviet ambassador to the PRC, did not support his efforts. For this reason, personnel changes were made. In the spirit of “new thinking”, the successors of the old Soviet sinologist-diplomats actively promoted political reconciliation with Beijing, which led to the normalization of Sino-Soviet relations in a short time.
{"title":"Personnel Changes in the Chinese Direction of Soviet Foreign Policy in 1986","authors":"Lin Yinan","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.13","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The subject of the study is the personnel changes carried out by Mikhail Gorbachev in 1986 in the framework of putting forward the improvement of Sino-Soviet relations. The object of the study is the activities of high-ranking Soviet sinologist-diplomats in the context of developing and implementing the USSR’s China policy. The purpose of the study is to determine the key figures in the diplomatic circles of the USSR who were in charge of China issues and accordingly reveal their influence on the process of normalizing Sino-Soviet relations in the second half of the 1980s. Methods and materials. The analysis is based on the comprehensive and comparative use of the memories of witnesses to historical events in the USSR and the PRC, as well as archival documents from Russia and former socialist countries. Analysis. Immediately after coming to power, Gorbachev began to consider the improvement of relations with China a priority of Soviet foreign policy and showed great enthusiasm for it. But Brezhnev’s foreign policy elites, including the minister of foreign affairs, two deputy foreign ministers, the first deputy head of the Department for Liaison with Communist and Workers’ Parties of Socialist Countries, and the Soviet ambassador to the PRC, did not support his efforts. For this reason, personnel changes were made. In the spirit of “new thinking”, the successors of the old Soviet sinologist-diplomats actively promoted political reconciliation with Beijing, which led to the normalization of Sino-Soviet relations in a short time.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86471603","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.5
Andrei Abramov, Roman Alekseev
Introduction. The article examines the formation and development of political systems in the former eleven republics of the USSR from the standpoint of the institutional transformations taking place there. The struggle for power between various elite groups and citizens’ identities and the dynamics of citizens’ identities were also the basis for comparison. The authors consider the parameters mentioned to make the comparison and typology of the modern post-Soviet states’ development more effective. Methods and Materials. The neoinstitutional, sociological, and political-cultural approaches were used in the research, as were the comparative-historical and comparative-typological methods, which made it possible to scrutinize the available facts and draw respective conclusions. Analysis. It was stated that starting in the 1980s, the transformation of the typical Soviet republics took place in two directions. The first included the formation of the electoral autocracies, institutional design, and social and cultural image, which were determined by the “nucleus” – the president-leader. Such political dynamics turned out to be characteristic of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, and Belarus. The formation of the “front-end democracies” was the second direction. These democracies are characterized by institutional, social, and identity fragmentation hiding behind the glass cases of democratic structures and practices borrowed from the West. Kirghizia, Georgia, Armenia, Ukraine, and Moldavia have moved in this direction. Results. The authors’ conclusion is that both the first and second directions do not ensure the stable development of new independent states in the foreseeable future. Authors’ contribution. A.V. Abramov formulated the concept of the article, developed the comparison parameters, and studied the post-Soviet elites’ and citizens’ struggle for power and their identity evolution. R.A. Alekseev analyzed the transformation of the political institutions in the post-Soviet political systems in the context of their constitutional reforms.
{"title":"To the Evaluation of Trajectories of Transformations of Post-Soviet Political Systems","authors":"Andrei Abramov, Roman Alekseev","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.5","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article examines the formation and development of political systems in the former eleven republics of the USSR from the standpoint of the institutional transformations taking place there. The struggle for power between various elite groups and citizens’ identities and the dynamics of citizens’ identities were also the basis for comparison. The authors consider the parameters mentioned to make the comparison and typology of the modern post-Soviet states’ development more effective. Methods and Materials. The neoinstitutional, sociological, and political-cultural approaches were used in the research, as were the comparative-historical and comparative-typological methods, which made it possible to scrutinize the available facts and draw respective conclusions. Analysis. It was stated that starting in the 1980s, the transformation of the typical Soviet republics took place in two directions. The first included the formation of the electoral autocracies, institutional design, and social and cultural image, which were determined by the “nucleus” – the president-leader. Such political dynamics turned out to be characteristic of Turkmenistan, Tajikistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Azerbaijan, and Belarus. The formation of the “front-end democracies” was the second direction. These democracies are characterized by institutional, social, and identity fragmentation hiding behind the glass cases of democratic structures and practices borrowed from the West. Kirghizia, Georgia, Armenia, Ukraine, and Moldavia have moved in this direction. Results. The authors’ conclusion is that both the first and second directions do not ensure the stable development of new independent states in the foreseeable future. Authors’ contribution. A.V. Abramov formulated the concept of the article, developed the comparison parameters, and studied the post-Soviet elites’ and citizens’ struggle for power and their identity evolution. R.A. Alekseev analyzed the transformation of the political institutions in the post-Soviet political systems in the context of their constitutional reforms.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75788124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.17
A. Dzhorobekova, E. Troitskiy, S. Yun, Alexey Timoshenko
Introduction. The article focuses on reconstructing the major parameters of the complex of challenges and threats to post-Soviet Central Asia regional security that has emerged in the wake of or in direct connection with the radical change of the situation in Afghanistan after August 2021. These challenges and threats have developed across several functional and territorial dimensions and require a comprehensive analysis followed by the building of scenarios for their evolution. Methods and materials. The research relies on the regional security complex theory developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Waever. The methodological toolkit includes external indirect observation, political descriptive and historical genetic methods, scenario building. The research materials include official statements, news briefs, expert opinions, periodicals, academic papers. Analysis. The authors have analyzed the geostrategic, regional-strategic, regional-economic, and regional-societal dimensions of the challenges and threats to Central Asian regional security generated by the changes in Afghanistan and have built scenarios of their evolution. The major geostrategic challenge is the exacerbation of U.S. – Chinese contradictions centered on the influence of the Taliban factions. The key regional-strategic threat is the risk of the Afghan conflict spilling over into Tajikistan or Turkmenistan. The regional-economic challenges include the risks of blocking trans-Afghan transport, pipeline, and electricity transmission projects. The regional-societal risks consist of the dissemination of radical Islamist ideologies from Afghanistan throughout Central Asia. The two basic scenarios of the regional security evolution are inertia or a resumption of a full-scale civil war in Afghanistan. Results. The authors have worked out sets of recommendations for regional policymakers and the intergovernmental bodies whose functions include maintaining security and stability in Central Asia. Authors’ contribution. A.E. Dzhorobekova has developed the general concept of the article and organized the research. E.F. Troitskiy has focused on the analysis of threats and challenges to regional security. S.M. Yun has developed scenarios for regional security situations. A.G. Timoshenko has formulated the relevant recommendations.
{"title":"Regional Security in Central Asia After the Return of the Taliban to Power: Challenges and Threats, Scenarios","authors":"A. Dzhorobekova, E. Troitskiy, S. Yun, Alexey Timoshenko","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.17","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article focuses on reconstructing the major parameters of the complex of challenges and threats to post-Soviet Central Asia regional security that has emerged in the wake of or in direct connection with the radical change of the situation in Afghanistan after August 2021. These challenges and threats have developed across several functional and territorial dimensions and require a comprehensive analysis followed by the building of scenarios for their evolution. Methods and materials. The research relies on the regional security complex theory developed by Barry Buzan and Ole Waever. The methodological toolkit includes external indirect observation, political descriptive and historical genetic methods, scenario building. The research materials include official statements, news briefs, expert opinions, periodicals, academic papers. Analysis. The authors have analyzed the geostrategic, regional-strategic, regional-economic, and regional-societal dimensions of the challenges and threats to Central Asian regional security generated by the changes in Afghanistan and have built scenarios of their evolution. The major geostrategic challenge is the exacerbation of U.S. – Chinese contradictions centered on the influence of the Taliban factions. The key regional-strategic threat is the risk of the Afghan conflict spilling over into Tajikistan or Turkmenistan. The regional-economic challenges include the risks of blocking trans-Afghan transport, pipeline, and electricity transmission projects. The regional-societal risks consist of the dissemination of radical Islamist ideologies from Afghanistan throughout Central Asia. The two basic scenarios of the regional security evolution are inertia or a resumption of a full-scale civil war in Afghanistan. Results. The authors have worked out sets of recommendations for regional policymakers and the intergovernmental bodies whose functions include maintaining security and stability in Central Asia. Authors’ contribution. A.E. Dzhorobekova has developed the general concept of the article and organized the research. E.F. Troitskiy has focused on the analysis of threats and challenges to regional security. S.M. Yun has developed scenarios for regional security situations. A.G. Timoshenko has formulated the relevant recommendations.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"293 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75190686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.12
J. Bhagwat, I. Rogachev
This study analyzes the degree of influence of international tension due to anti-Russian sanctions on relations between Russia and Norway at the governmental and regional levels, including political, economic, environmental, cultural, and other spheres. The authors begin by discussing how Norway’s accession to anti-Russian sanctions and active involvement in NATO have affected bilateral relations, especially in the economic and political spheres. The presented work is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The methodological framework for writing the article is the model of neoliberal institutionalism and constructivism. The source base of the study, in addition to publications in periodicals, consists of official documents regulating the foreign policy activities of Russia and Norway. The article attempts to structure the relations of the two Arctic neighbouring countries under new international conditions by highlighting two levels of interaction – governmental and regional – as well as critical elements, including issues of economic cooperation, mutual sanctions, cooperation in the field of environmental protection and fisheries, cooperation between the two countries in Spitsbergen, cooperation in science, culture, and education; and regional cooperation between Russia and Norway in the North and the Arctic. The article discusses to what extent security issues affect the development of the Russian-Norwegian dialogue in using the NSR as a transport route and problematic issues around Spitsbergen. Finally, the authors consider what practical measures are being taken by Russia and Norway to mitigate the general international tension in the bilateral dialogue using public diplomacy in the framework of strengthening and expanding contacts through the Barents Cooperation and interaction at the level of municipalities as well as universities in Russia and Norway. The authors conclude that notwithstanding geopolitical tensions, regional cooperation due to common borders, cultural and historical heritage, and the geo-economic relationship could be the primary drivers for the revival of ties between the two countries. Authors’ contribution. Jawahar Vishnu Bhagwat developed the concept of the study and worked out its theoretical and methodological foundations. I.V. Rogachev analyzed the policies of Russia and Norway in various areas of bilateral cooperation and formulated the final conclusions.
{"title":"Cooperation Between Russia and Norway: Strengthening Dialogue in the Arctic","authors":"J. Bhagwat, I. Rogachev","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"This study analyzes the degree of influence of international tension due to anti-Russian sanctions on relations between Russia and Norway at the governmental and regional levels, including political, economic, environmental, cultural, and other spheres. The authors begin by discussing how Norway’s accession to anti-Russian sanctions and active involvement in NATO have affected bilateral relations, especially in the economic and political spheres. The presented work is based on the principles of historicism and objectivity. The methodological framework for writing the article is the model of neoliberal institutionalism and constructivism. The source base of the study, in addition to publications in periodicals, consists of official documents regulating the foreign policy activities of Russia and Norway. The article attempts to structure the relations of the two Arctic neighbouring countries under new international conditions by highlighting two levels of interaction – governmental and regional – as well as critical elements, including issues of economic cooperation, mutual sanctions, cooperation in the field of environmental protection and fisheries, cooperation between the two countries in Spitsbergen, cooperation in science, culture, and education; and regional cooperation between Russia and Norway in the North and the Arctic. The article discusses to what extent security issues affect the development of the Russian-Norwegian dialogue in using the NSR as a transport route and problematic issues around Spitsbergen. Finally, the authors consider what practical measures are being taken by Russia and Norway to mitigate the general international tension in the bilateral dialogue using public diplomacy in the framework of strengthening and expanding contacts through the Barents Cooperation and interaction at the level of municipalities as well as universities in Russia and Norway. The authors conclude that notwithstanding geopolitical tensions, regional cooperation due to common borders, cultural and historical heritage, and the geo-economic relationship could be the primary drivers for the revival of ties between the two countries. Authors’ contribution. Jawahar Vishnu Bhagwat developed the concept of the study and worked out its theoretical and methodological foundations. I.V. Rogachev analyzed the policies of Russia and Norway in various areas of bilateral cooperation and formulated the final conclusions.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81313800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.1
Rafik Usmanov, O. Oskina, E. Kudryashova
Introduction. The article is devoted to topical issues and political aspects of “trust” in the conditions of the modern crisis. This article analyzes the political aspects and manifestations of “trust” and characterizes its resource capacity depending on the level of application. Methods and materials. The article used a certain set of methods that were used to substantiate and solve problems and contributed to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the authors. The historical-retrospective method, which made it possible to trace the process of evolution and changes in the essential interpretations of “trust”, can be attributed to the number of significant ones. The typological and systematic methods made it possible to identify the types of trust and reflect the resource potential of political trust. In addition, the method of actualization, which was used in the process of working on the problem, contributed to the identification of modern trends and prospects. Analysis. The authors dwell in detail on the features of the evolution of “trust” in the context of modern processes and crisis phenomena. The article analyzes various approaches to exploring the essence and characteristics of “trust” as a scientific and practical phenomenon. The levels and types of trust functioning are considered, and certain aspects that have found application in the political sphere and are actualized at the present stage are highlighted. The authors note the influence of information and communication processes on the state of public trust in political institutions, processes, and phenomena. In the context of scaling fake information, the state of counter-suggestiveness of the individual in relation to information stuffing and suggestions that differ from its value orientations, views, and beliefs is highlighted. Results. The study of the category of trust within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach allows us to attribute it to significant elements and factors of the sociopolitical process and track its dynamics under the influence of deep global transformational shifts taking place in the socio-political sphere. The authors, in their results, note the need for systematic monitoring and the accumulation of objective data on the social mood in the issue of trust in the power and the presence of threats in the conditions of dissonance of the political line of power and unsatisfied interests of citizens, which can lead to a crisis of institutional trust. Authors’ contribution. R.H. Usmanov presented the justification and conceptualization of the study, took part in planning the stages of the study, summarized the results of the work, and formulated conclusions, advising on certain issues of manifestations of trust in the political sphere. O.I. Oskina carried out direct analysis and generalization of data sources and scientific literature, conducted a review and analytical study of the data, and participated in the interpretation of the results. E.V. Ku
{"title":"Political Aspects of “Trust” as a Factor of Influence in a Crisis: The Concept, Resources and Modern Trends","authors":"Rafik Usmanov, O. Oskina, E. Kudryashova","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.1","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to topical issues and political aspects of “trust” in the conditions of the modern crisis. This article analyzes the political aspects and manifestations of “trust” and characterizes its resource capacity depending on the level of application. Methods and materials. The article used a certain set of methods that were used to substantiate and solve problems and contributed to the achievement of the goals and objectives of the authors. The historical-retrospective method, which made it possible to trace the process of evolution and changes in the essential interpretations of “trust”, can be attributed to the number of significant ones. The typological and systematic methods made it possible to identify the types of trust and reflect the resource potential of political trust. In addition, the method of actualization, which was used in the process of working on the problem, contributed to the identification of modern trends and prospects. Analysis. The authors dwell in detail on the features of the evolution of “trust” in the context of modern processes and crisis phenomena. The article analyzes various approaches to exploring the essence and characteristics of “trust” as a scientific and practical phenomenon. The levels and types of trust functioning are considered, and certain aspects that have found application in the political sphere and are actualized at the present stage are highlighted. The authors note the influence of information and communication processes on the state of public trust in political institutions, processes, and phenomena. In the context of scaling fake information, the state of counter-suggestiveness of the individual in relation to information stuffing and suggestions that differ from its value orientations, views, and beliefs is highlighted. Results. The study of the category of trust within the framework of an interdisciplinary approach allows us to attribute it to significant elements and factors of the sociopolitical process and track its dynamics under the influence of deep global transformational shifts taking place in the socio-political sphere. The authors, in their results, note the need for systematic monitoring and the accumulation of objective data on the social mood in the issue of trust in the power and the presence of threats in the conditions of dissonance of the political line of power and unsatisfied interests of citizens, which can lead to a crisis of institutional trust. Authors’ contribution. R.H. Usmanov presented the justification and conceptualization of the study, took part in planning the stages of the study, summarized the results of the work, and formulated conclusions, advising on certain issues of manifestations of trust in the political sphere. O.I. Oskina carried out direct analysis and generalization of data sources and scientific literature, conducted a review and analytical study of the data, and participated in the interpretation of the results. E.V. Ku","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87213114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.9
E. Efanova
Introduction. Foreign policy is based on the desire of states to improve the image of their country, disseminate their values abroad, and develop international cooperation. In the context of the information age, one of the innovative tools of US foreign policy is Twitter diplomacy, an active supporter of which was ex-President Donald Trump. The content of Donald Trump’s recordings on his Twitter page reflects the main US foreign policy goals implemented within NATO. The purpose of the work is to, on the basis of an analysis of the principles (manufacturability, multilateralism, activity, and interactivity) of the implementation of Twitter diplomacy; determine its specifics as a tool for shaping the foreign policy agenda of the United States of America within NATO during the presidency of D. Trump. Methods and materials. The work uses general geological methods of policy research and methods of theoretical and applied (problem-situational) political scientific analysis. The theoretical basis was the network approach in the interpretation of M. Castels, which made it possible to identify the specifics of relations between policy actors within the framework of a dynamically developing online space. Analysis. As a result of a political analysis of the logic of the implementation of US foreign policy, the functional potential of Twitter diplomacy in the process of forming a foreign policy agenda during the presidency of Donald Trump was determined. Conclusions. The work conceptually comprehends the category “foreign policy agenda of the state.” Based on an analysis of the entries on D. Trump’s Twitter page, it was proven that through Twitter diplomacy, the United States of America has implemented foreign policy goals in NATO on defense spending in the Alliance member countries and confronting Russia.
{"title":"Twitter Diplomacy in Shaping the Foreign Policy Agenda of the United States of America During the Presidency of D. Trump","authors":"E. Efanova","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.9","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Foreign policy is based on the desire of states to improve the image of their country, disseminate their values abroad, and develop international cooperation. In the context of the information age, one of the innovative tools of US foreign policy is Twitter diplomacy, an active supporter of which was ex-President Donald Trump. The content of Donald Trump’s recordings on his Twitter page reflects the main US foreign policy goals implemented within NATO. The purpose of the work is to, on the basis of an analysis of the principles (manufacturability, multilateralism, activity, and interactivity) of the implementation of Twitter diplomacy; determine its specifics as a tool for shaping the foreign policy agenda of the United States of America within NATO during the presidency of D. Trump. Methods and materials. The work uses general geological methods of policy research and methods of theoretical and applied (problem-situational) political scientific analysis. The theoretical basis was the network approach in the interpretation of M. Castels, which made it possible to identify the specifics of relations between policy actors within the framework of a dynamically developing online space. Analysis. As a result of a political analysis of the logic of the implementation of US foreign policy, the functional potential of Twitter diplomacy in the process of forming a foreign policy agenda during the presidency of Donald Trump was determined. Conclusions. The work conceptually comprehends the category “foreign policy agenda of the state.” Based on an analysis of the entries on D. Trump’s Twitter page, it was proven that through Twitter diplomacy, the United States of America has implemented foreign policy goals in NATO on defense spending in the Alliance member countries and confronting Russia.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90701774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.14
Wei Zhang, L. Pankratova
Introduction. The article is devoted to identifying and characterizing the main trends in the transformation of public communication between government and citizens through digital media in China and Russia. The dynamics of state policies regarding the use of social media as an information and communication resource for solving pragmatic management tasks, forming the image of authorities, and developing a dialogue with the population is traced. Methods and Materials. As a methodological basis for the study, the conceptualizations of the public sphere within the framework of a critical approach (J. Habermas, H. Arendt), the sociocultural tradition of interpreting communication, the ideas on the power and strength of Internet communications in the “network society” by M. Castells, and the theoretical foundations of communication management are used. Analisys. Three stages in the development of social media authorities in China are identified and presented. The specifics of public communication between the authorities and users of various services (Weibo, WeChat, and TikTok) are characterized based on their technological capabilities (affordances). Results. The social effects obtained from the widespread use of digital media by the Chinese government are indicated. The political and socio-cultural foundations of the emerging state policy regarding the use of social networks as a resource for public communication between the government and society in Russia are shown. The key challenges and tasks that need to be solved for the successful development of a public dialogue between the authorities and the population through digital media and the formation of the social media capital of the state in China and Russia are fixed. Authors’ contribution. Wei Zhang prepared an analysis of the transformations in the use of digital media by the government in China. L.S. Pankratova outlined the theoretical and methodological framework of the study, presented the Russian case, translated materials on the case of China into Russian and carried out general scientific editing of the article.
{"title":"Transformation of Public Communication of Government and Citizens in China and Russia in the Context of Digitalization","authors":"Wei Zhang, L. Pankratova","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.14","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The article is devoted to identifying and characterizing the main trends in the transformation of public communication between government and citizens through digital media in China and Russia. The dynamics of state policies regarding the use of social media as an information and communication resource for solving pragmatic management tasks, forming the image of authorities, and developing a dialogue with the population is traced. Methods and Materials. As a methodological basis for the study, the conceptualizations of the public sphere within the framework of a critical approach (J. Habermas, H. Arendt), the sociocultural tradition of interpreting communication, the ideas on the power and strength of Internet communications in the “network society” by M. Castells, and the theoretical foundations of communication management are used. Analisys. Three stages in the development of social media authorities in China are identified and presented. The specifics of public communication between the authorities and users of various services (Weibo, WeChat, and TikTok) are characterized based on their technological capabilities (affordances). Results. The social effects obtained from the widespread use of digital media by the Chinese government are indicated. The political and socio-cultural foundations of the emerging state policy regarding the use of social networks as a resource for public communication between the government and society in Russia are shown. The key challenges and tasks that need to be solved for the successful development of a public dialogue between the authorities and the population through digital media and the formation of the social media capital of the state in China and Russia are fixed. Authors’ contribution. Wei Zhang prepared an analysis of the transformations in the use of digital media by the government in China. L.S. Pankratova outlined the theoretical and methodological framework of the study, presented the Russian case, translated materials on the case of China into Russian and carried out general scientific editing of the article.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90396023","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-06-01DOI: 10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.11
I. Tarasov
Introduction. The foreign policy of modern Hungary has passed through several stages of development since the fall of socialism. The purpose of this article is to clarify the qualitative characteristics of the points of evolution that have determined the content of Hungarian foreign policy. Today, it is not enough to define the image of Hungarian foreign policy solely in terms of pan-European or North Atlantic solidarity. A more careful and thoughtful study of the dynamics of the foreign policy doctrine of Budapest is required. Methods and Materials. Our main task is to clarify the periodization of the process of Hungary’s foreign policy development. The proposed periodization is carried out in a complex manner, based on several reasons and correlating their influence on each of the allocated time periods. The information array was composed of news for April 2010 – August 2022, based on a digest of news from Hungarian news agencies. Analysis. The author identifies five main periods in the development of Hungary’s foreign policy: the transitional period; the imperative period; the period of Euro-Atlantic romanticism; the period of seeking regional balance; and the period of Euroscepticism and Easternization. Each of these periods is characterized by an assessment of the conceptual content of international politics, the continuity of the foreign policy course, and the change in emphasis of the current policy. Results. Obviously, the current period of development is nearing its end, and in the medium term, Hungarian foreign policy itself will take the form of several relatively balanced concentric circles in the process of forming a polycentric world. At the same time, the European and American orientations will continue to be of paramount importance for Hungary. The growing inertia of the decline in the intensity of Russian-Hungarian relations seems to be the main characteristic of the interaction between the two countries.
{"title":"Contemporary Hungary’s Foreign Policy Evolution","authors":"I. Tarasov","doi":"10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15688/jvolsu4.2023.3.11","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The foreign policy of modern Hungary has passed through several stages of development since the fall of socialism. The purpose of this article is to clarify the qualitative characteristics of the points of evolution that have determined the content of Hungarian foreign policy. Today, it is not enough to define the image of Hungarian foreign policy solely in terms of pan-European or North Atlantic solidarity. A more careful and thoughtful study of the dynamics of the foreign policy doctrine of Budapest is required. Methods and Materials. Our main task is to clarify the periodization of the process of Hungary’s foreign policy development. The proposed periodization is carried out in a complex manner, based on several reasons and correlating their influence on each of the allocated time periods. The information array was composed of news for April 2010 – August 2022, based on a digest of news from Hungarian news agencies. Analysis. The author identifies five main periods in the development of Hungary’s foreign policy: the transitional period; the imperative period; the period of Euro-Atlantic romanticism; the period of seeking regional balance; and the period of Euroscepticism and Easternization. Each of these periods is characterized by an assessment of the conceptual content of international politics, the continuity of the foreign policy course, and the change in emphasis of the current policy. Results. Obviously, the current period of development is nearing its end, and in the medium term, Hungarian foreign policy itself will take the form of several relatively balanced concentric circles in the process of forming a polycentric world. At the same time, the European and American orientations will continue to be of paramount importance for Hungary. The growing inertia of the decline in the intensity of Russian-Hungarian relations seems to be the main characteristic of the interaction between the two countries.","PeriodicalId":42917,"journal":{"name":"Volgogradskii Gosudarstvennyi Universitet-Vestnik-Seriya 4-Istoriya Regionovedenie Mezhdunarodnye Otnosheniya","volume":"78 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89210223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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