Molecular dynamics simulation is used to estimate the melting point of cobalt using the embedded atomic model (EAM) potential by heat until melting, void, hysteresis and interface methods. For instance, the estimated melting temperature are 2102 K, 1944.15 K, 1731 K and 1725±25 K using these methods, respectively. Then, the melting points at different pressures are calculated. A graph depicting the variation of melting point with pressure is drawn and compared with the available simulation and experimental results. The melting point at a low-pressure range is similar to the previous diamond anvil cell experiments. Besides, using the Simon equation, we calculated the melting slope at 0 GPa pressure of 36 K/GPa for one phase and 40 K/GPa for two-phase methods.
{"title":"Melting Curve of Cobalt using Molecular Dynamics Simulation","authors":"Aabiskar Bhusal, K. Adhikari","doi":"10.3126/paj.v6i1.54570","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v6i1.54570","url":null,"abstract":"Molecular dynamics simulation is used to estimate the melting point of cobalt using the embedded atomic model (EAM) potential by heat until melting, void, hysteresis and interface methods. For instance, the estimated melting temperature are 2102 K, 1944.15 K, 1731 K and 1725±25 K using these methods, respectively. Then, the melting points at different pressures are calculated. A graph depicting the variation of melting point with pressure is drawn and compared with the available simulation and experimental results. The melting point at a low-pressure range is similar to the previous diamond anvil cell experiments. Besides, using the Simon equation, we calculated the melting slope at 0 GPa pressure of 36 K/GPa for one phase and 40 K/GPa for two-phase methods.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130602408","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Studies in the global context show a variation in the occupational relationships in between father-son, father-daughter, mother-son and mother-daughter. However, such studies in Nepal are insufficient. This paper describes the socio-demographic features of people in between successive generations, and their occupational relationships, typically of father and son. A semi-structured questionnaire schedule was used to collect information from a total of 385 father son pairs during June to September 2018 in Gajuri Rural Municipality of Bagmati Province, Dhading District, Nepal. Information was collected from those fathers whose eldest son got married by the time of interview. The findings from bivariate analysis revealed that along with the changes of several socio-economic variables in the rural households in Nepal, there is both continuity and change in the parental occupations in between the father and son. Among various characteristics of father, the level of education and monthly income, in the case of son’s characteristics, the level of education and migration; and in the case of household characteristics, the caste/ethnicities and residential locations were related with the father-son occupational change. Hence, these findings indicate that the rural society in Nepal is undergoing socio-economic transformations; there is both continuity and change of fathers’ occupation by the son.
{"title":"Socio-Economic Transformation and Occupational Shift in Nepal: Explorations in Generational Analysis","authors":"B. Aryal","doi":"10.3126/paj.v6i1.54612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v6i1.54612","url":null,"abstract":"Studies in the global context show a variation in the occupational relationships in between father-son, father-daughter, mother-son and mother-daughter. However, such studies in Nepal are insufficient. This paper describes the socio-demographic features of people in between successive generations, and their occupational relationships, typically of father and son. A semi-structured questionnaire schedule was used to collect information from a total of 385 father son pairs during June to September 2018 in Gajuri Rural Municipality of Bagmati Province, Dhading District, Nepal. Information was collected from those fathers whose eldest son got married by the time of interview. The findings from bivariate analysis revealed that along with the changes of several socio-economic variables in the rural households in Nepal, there is both continuity and change in the parental occupations in between the father and son. Among various characteristics of father, the level of education and monthly income, in the case of son’s characteristics, the level of education and migration; and in the case of household characteristics, the caste/ethnicities and residential locations were related with the father-son occupational change. Hence, these findings indicate that the rural society in Nepal is undergoing socio-economic transformations; there is both continuity and change of fathers’ occupation by the son.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128769423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper explores identity politics in the narratives of Ben Okri as they depict the Yoruba African myth. This study looks into the conditions of the culturally oppressed Africans in general and postcolonial Nigeria in particular that reframes the official version of colonial history. Myth offers reinterpretation and rethinking of the official colonial history in reclaiming the identity of the culturally excluded people with a variety of voices in response to the fictitious narrative. In line with this idea, I argue that the backdrop of postcolonial everyday life in Nigeria offers a chance to frame the topic of places more effectively. In order to comprehend and resolve the historical paradoxes and mysteries that are expressed in myth, magic and dreams, Thus, I analyze Okri’s book from the postcolonial perspective, considering sociopolitical and historical realities. In fact, Okri combines politics and the idea of history together, using his idea of an "inviolate" African consciousness as to show the foundation of how history dominates all other aspects. To justify my argument, this paper aims to examine how Okri reassesses history and encodes African consciousness in contrast to Western epistemology. Using African myths as a third eye in Okri’s novel, the paper also seeks to understand how Okri reimagines postcolonial potentials for his own Nigeria and, by extension, for the entire African continent.
{"title":"Critiquing the Postcolonial Nigeria in the Narratives of Ben Okri","authors":"Khum Prasad Sharma","doi":"10.3126/paj.v6i1.54669","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v6i1.54669","url":null,"abstract":"The paper explores identity politics in the narratives of Ben Okri as they depict the Yoruba African myth. This study looks into the conditions of the culturally oppressed Africans in general and postcolonial Nigeria in particular that reframes the official version of colonial history. Myth offers reinterpretation and rethinking of the official colonial history in reclaiming the identity of the culturally excluded people with a variety of voices in response to the fictitious narrative. In line with this idea, I argue that the backdrop of postcolonial everyday life in Nigeria offers a chance to frame the topic of places more effectively. In order to comprehend and resolve the historical paradoxes and mysteries that are expressed in myth, magic and dreams, Thus, I analyze Okri’s book from the postcolonial perspective, considering sociopolitical and historical realities. In fact, Okri combines politics and the idea of history together, using his idea of an \"inviolate\" African consciousness as to show the foundation of how history dominates all other aspects. To justify my argument, this paper aims to examine how Okri reassesses history and encodes African consciousness in contrast to Western epistemology. Using African myths as a third eye in Okri’s novel, the paper also seeks to understand how Okri reimagines postcolonial potentials for his own Nigeria and, by extension, for the entire African continent.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132189843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Adebayo Abiodun Adeloye, T. Akinbogun, S. Ogunduyile
African print fabric is a major textile item in Africa because of its high economic value. This study focused on the production of African print fabrics that are user-centered. The textile industry in Nigeria is presently in a comatose state and there is a need to develop a design model for producing textile designs that will meet the specific needs of the target consumers. The practice-led and survey research designs were adopted for the study. The study population comprised the users of African print fabrics in Southwest Nigeria. Since the users of the fabrics are infinite, the Cochran formula was used to calculate the sample size for the study. 384 users were sampled using the open-ended questionnaires and opinion sampling for data collection. The data were analyzed using the simple descriptive statistical tools such as frequency and percentage. The study revealed that the African print fabric users across different age groups have specific preferences for African print fabrics. It was therefore recommended that the textile designers focus on producing the user-centered African print fabrics that meet the specific needs of consumers.
{"title":"The Production of African Print Fabric Designs: A User-Centric Design Approach","authors":"Adebayo Abiodun Adeloye, T. Akinbogun, S. Ogunduyile","doi":"10.3126/paj.v6i1.54604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v6i1.54604","url":null,"abstract":"African print fabric is a major textile item in Africa because of its high economic value. This study focused on the production of African print fabrics that are user-centered. The textile industry in Nigeria is presently in a comatose state and there is a need to develop a design model for producing textile designs that will meet the specific needs of the target consumers. The practice-led and survey research designs were adopted for the study. The study population comprised the users of African print fabrics in Southwest Nigeria. Since the users of the fabrics are infinite, the Cochran formula was used to calculate the sample size for the study. 384 users were sampled using the open-ended questionnaires and opinion sampling for data collection. The data were analyzed using the simple descriptive statistical tools such as frequency and percentage. The study revealed that the African print fabric users across different age groups have specific preferences for African print fabrics. It was therefore recommended that the textile designers focus on producing the user-centered African print fabrics that meet the specific needs of consumers.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127714197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Invasion of Alien Invasive Plant species (IAPs) is one of the major drivers for the wetland ecosystem degradation and aquatic biodiversity loss. Among the wetland ecosystems, the freshwater habitats including lakes and streams are more susceptible to species extinction. In the Lake Cluster of Pokhara Valley (LCPV), many aquatic species have been threatened by an abundant occurrence of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Thus, this study aims to identity an association of the water hyacinth with different water parameters, diversity and abundance of macro-invertebrates. Water hyacinth is not only correlated with depth, transparency, pH and dissolved oxygen negatively, it is also correlated with temperature and free carbon dioxide positively. A total of 29 species and 26 genera from 21 families and 15 orders of macro-invertebrates were recorded. Among the macro-invertebrates, haplotaxida and diptera were found to be less abundant in the water hyacinth presence (HP) habitat than the water hyacinth absence (HA) habitat. However, the macro-invertebrates were found more abundant and diverse in the HP habitat than the HA habitat (Ranged: HP: 177 to 666; HA: 46 to 483). The abundance of orders like ephemeroptera, odonata, coleoptera, sphaeriida and caenogastropoda was significantly higher in the HP habitats. The direct and indirect effect of water hyacinth on the occurrence of macro-invertebrates and abundance can change the faunal structure of LCPV. Therefore, it is recommended to develop a plan of LCPV to manage the water hyacinth.
{"title":"The Invasion of Water Hyacinth and Its Impact on Diversity of Macro-Invertebrates in the Lake Cluster of Pokhara Valley, Nepal","authors":"Rajendra Basaula, H. P. Sharma, K. Sapkota","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45035","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45035","url":null,"abstract":"Invasion of Alien Invasive Plant species (IAPs) is one of the major drivers for the wetland ecosystem degradation and aquatic biodiversity loss. Among the wetland ecosystems, the freshwater habitats including lakes and streams are more susceptible to species extinction. In the Lake Cluster of Pokhara Valley (LCPV), many aquatic species have been threatened by an abundant occurrence of water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes). Thus, this study aims to identity an association of the water hyacinth with different water parameters, diversity and abundance of macro-invertebrates. Water hyacinth is not only correlated with depth, transparency, pH and dissolved oxygen negatively, it is also correlated with temperature and free carbon dioxide positively. A total of 29 species and 26 genera from 21 families and 15 orders of macro-invertebrates were recorded. Among the macro-invertebrates, haplotaxida and diptera were found to be less abundant in the water hyacinth presence (HP) habitat than the water hyacinth absence (HA) habitat. However, the macro-invertebrates were found more abundant and diverse in the HP habitat than the HA habitat (Ranged: HP: 177 to 666; HA: 46 to 483). The abundance of orders like ephemeroptera, odonata, coleoptera, sphaeriida and caenogastropoda was significantly higher in the HP habitats. The direct and indirect effect of water hyacinth on the occurrence of macro-invertebrates and abundance can change the faunal structure of LCPV. Therefore, it is recommended to develop a plan of LCPV to manage the water hyacinth.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125389715","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A new infectious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is posing a serious public health threat worldwide. Isolation and quarantine are two important public measures to prevent transmission of coronavirus from one person to another. A new environment, a departure from loved ones, and insecurity over disease status in quarantine can aggravate mental health problems. The study was descriptive cross-sectional that covered 305 adult populations of Rupa Rural Municipality, Kaski to determine the impact of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to their mental health. The researcher used the self-reporting DASS-21 to collect the data through a web-based google form questionnaire from 1 September 2020 to 1 October 2020. The study demonstrated that 60.7 percent of respondents were below 35 years of with mean age of 33.92 years with a standard deviation of 11.702 and exercise was done by 53.1 percent of respondents. The study also revealed that 95.1 percent of respondents were up to date regarding the COVID 19 trend in Nepal mostly through a social network (37.9%). Among the quarantined group, 24.9 percent, 20 percent and 1.2 percent had depression, anxiety and stress respectively whereas among non-quarantined respondents, 5.7 percent had depression, 12.9 percent had anxiety and 1.4 percent had stress. Binary logistic regression resulted in the odds for respondents with depression who did not do physical exercise are 0.27 (95% CI for OR: 0.115-0.645) and the odds for female respondents are 0.219 (95% CI for OR: 0.08-0.595) with anxiety among the quarantined group. The study concluded that the negative impact on quarantined respondents' mental health was higher than that of the non-quarantined respondents. Hence, a psychological counseling using virtual techniques should be offered especially for those under quarantine, which would comfort them and follow-up care as well as mental health services that can be provided as necessary.
一种被称为冠状病毒病(COVID-19)的新型传染病正在全球范围内构成严重的公共卫生威胁。隔离和检疫是防止冠状病毒人际传播的两项重要公共措施。新的环境、与亲人的分离以及对隔离期间疾病状况的不安全感会加剧心理健康问题。该研究是描述性横断面研究，涵盖了卡斯基Rupa农村市的305名成年人，以确定COVID-19大流行期间隔离对他们心理健康的影响。从2020年9月1日到2020年10月1日，研究人员使用自我报告的DASS-21通过基于网络的谷歌表格问卷收集数据。调查结果显示，60.7%的受访者年龄在35岁以下，平均年龄为33.92岁，标准差为11.702岁，53.1%的受访者进行了锻炼。调查还显示，95.1%的受访者(37.9%)主要通过社交网络了解尼泊尔的新冠疫情动态。在被隔离的人群中，分别有24.9%、20%和1.2%的人患有抑郁症、焦虑和压力，而在未被隔离的受访者中，5.7%的人患有抑郁症，12.9%的人患有焦虑症，1.4%的人患有压力。二元逻辑回归结果显示，在被隔离组中，不进行体育锻炼的抑郁症受访者的几率为0.27 (95% CI OR: 0.115-0.645)，女性受访者焦虑的几率为0.219 (95% CI OR: 0.08-0.595)。研究得出结论，被隔离的受访者对心理健康的负面影响高于未被隔离的受访者。因此，应特别针对被隔离者提供虚拟技术的心理咨询，安慰他们，并根据需要提供后续护理和心理健康服务。
{"title":"COVID-19 Pandemic and the Impact of Quarantine on Mental Health of Adult Population","authors":"G. Ghimire, K. Gharti, A. Poudel","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45041","url":null,"abstract":"A new infectious disease known as coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is posing a serious public health threat worldwide. Isolation and quarantine are two important public measures to prevent transmission of coronavirus from one person to another. A new environment, a departure from loved ones, and insecurity over disease status in quarantine can aggravate mental health problems. The study was descriptive cross-sectional that covered 305 adult populations of Rupa Rural Municipality, Kaski to determine the impact of quarantine during the COVID-19 pandemic in relation to their mental health. The researcher used the self-reporting DASS-21 to collect the data through a web-based google form questionnaire from 1 September 2020 to 1 October 2020. The study demonstrated that 60.7 percent of respondents were below 35 years of with mean age of 33.92 years with a standard deviation of 11.702 and exercise was done by 53.1 percent of respondents. The study also revealed that 95.1 percent of respondents were up to date regarding the COVID 19 trend in Nepal mostly through a social network (37.9%). Among the quarantined group, 24.9 percent, 20 percent and 1.2 percent had depression, anxiety and stress respectively whereas among non-quarantined respondents, 5.7 percent had depression, 12.9 percent had anxiety and 1.4 percent had stress. Binary logistic regression resulted in the odds for respondents with depression who did not do physical exercise are 0.27 (95% CI for OR: 0.115-0.645) and the odds for female respondents are 0.219 (95% CI for OR: 0.08-0.595) with anxiety among the quarantined group. The study concluded that the negative impact on quarantined respondents' mental health was higher than that of the non-quarantined respondents. Hence, a psychological counseling using virtual techniques should be offered especially for those under quarantine, which would comfort them and follow-up care as well as mental health services that can be provided as necessary.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133118252","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article shows how rural community school teachers use potential resources to construct and negotiate possible teacher identities. Moreover, this article explores how teacher identities can be constructed and understood in the rural society. Five teachers from different disciplines were purposefully selected and interviewed through the semi-structured interview guidelines in a natural setting. The interview responses were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by developing the themes to draw a conclusion. In the teacher’s narratives, themes such as professional ethics and competency, community respect, and societal participation were identified from the discussion of teacher narratives. This article discusses how the negotiation between multiple identities is a crucial part of the teacher identity construction. The findings of this study implicate that rural teachers construct their professional identity with their competency and community participation. It can also contribute to developing values, beliefs and commitments that are emotionally adhered to the teachers' identity construction.
{"title":"Teachers' Perception on Identity Construction: Lived Experience of Community School Teachers in Nepal","authors":"Khagendra Baraily, Dawa Sherpa","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45047","url":null,"abstract":"This article shows how rural community school teachers use potential resources to construct and negotiate possible teacher identities. Moreover, this article explores how teacher identities can be constructed and understood in the rural society. Five teachers from different disciplines were purposefully selected and interviewed through the semi-structured interview guidelines in a natural setting. The interview responses were transcribed verbatim and analyzed by developing the themes to draw a conclusion. In the teacher’s narratives, themes such as professional ethics and competency, community respect, and societal participation were identified from the discussion of teacher narratives. This article discusses how the negotiation between multiple identities is a crucial part of the teacher identity construction. The findings of this study implicate that rural teachers construct their professional identity with their competency and community participation. It can also contribute to developing values, beliefs and commitments that are emotionally adhered to the teachers' identity construction.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124102828","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, I explore the devastation of war and its effect on the people’s lives, followed by an anticipation of peace in the post-conflict narratives: Mohan Raj Sharma’s “A Ra and a Mo” and Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again.” The narratives are about ten-year long Maoist insurgency that caused more than fifteen thousand innocent people’s lives. In the beginning, the narratives have been analyzed by showing how these authors show the trauma of conflict victimized by dealing with the negative aspect of one fighting group, and trauma presented with the help of a neutral observer of the event not supporting and opposing any groups. A theoretical argument of some well-known theorists like Caruth, Lacapra, Alexander and Pandey have been discussed to bring out the traumatic facts of the insurgency. In particular, Caruth and Alexander’s insights of trauma theory have been used to bring out the traumatic facts that the characters have undergone whereas Lacapra’s middle voice has been used to measure how the narratives have been designed in the plot. The major issue of this paper is to show that the narrators being either a biased or partial observers of the insurgency or a neutral witness of the events have narrated the testimony of the insurgency.
{"title":"From Conflict to Peace Building: Transforming Trauma in the Post-Conflict Nepali Narratives","authors":"Badri Prasad Pokharel","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45050","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, I explore the devastation of war and its effect on the people’s lives, followed by an anticipation of peace in the post-conflict narratives: Mohan Raj Sharma’s “A Ra and a Mo” and Rajendra Bimal’s “The Lankuri Tree Will Blossom Again.” The narratives are about ten-year long Maoist insurgency that caused more than fifteen thousand innocent people’s lives. In the beginning, the narratives have been analyzed by showing how these authors show the trauma of conflict victimized by dealing with the negative aspect of one fighting group, and trauma presented with the help of a neutral observer of the event not supporting and opposing any groups. A theoretical argument of some well-known theorists like Caruth, Lacapra, Alexander and Pandey have been discussed to bring out the traumatic facts of the insurgency. In particular, Caruth and Alexander’s insights of trauma theory have been used to bring out the traumatic facts that the characters have undergone whereas Lacapra’s middle voice has been used to measure how the narratives have been designed in the plot. The major issue of this paper is to show that the narrators being either a biased or partial observers of the insurgency or a neutral witness of the events have narrated the testimony of the insurgency.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"21 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121891296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Within the territory of Nepal and its vicinities like India, Myanmar and Bhutan, the Nepali language is used as a means of wider communication. Apart from this, it has become a fertile field of research for linguists, language-based researchers and language teachers. With this assumption, this article aimed to investigate the typical (that are culture-specific) terms of the Nepali language. To achieve this objective, the study employed a case study design that took Nepali culture-specific terms as a case and used document analysis for the interpretation of the information in the selected language based on the framework of words and phrases. For maintaining readability and intelligibility to the global readership, the typical Nepali terms have been glossed in English. The main finding is that the Nepali language is rich in its cultural terms that comprise words and phrases. This study can contribute to the linguists, translators and pedagogues for the frame of reference for further exploration of the rich field of study, reaching to the wider readership.
{"title":"Familiarizing Typical Nepali Terms in English","authors":"Nabaraj Neupane","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45048","url":null,"abstract":"Within the territory of Nepal and its vicinities like India, Myanmar and Bhutan, the Nepali language is used as a means of wider communication. Apart from this, it has become a fertile field of research for linguists, language-based researchers and language teachers. With this assumption, this article aimed to investigate the typical (that are culture-specific) terms of the Nepali language. To achieve this objective, the study employed a case study design that took Nepali culture-specific terms as a case and used document analysis for the interpretation of the information in the selected language based on the framework of words and phrases. For maintaining readability and intelligibility to the global readership, the typical Nepali terms have been glossed in English. The main finding is that the Nepali language is rich in its cultural terms that comprise words and phrases. This study can contribute to the linguists, translators and pedagogues for the frame of reference for further exploration of the rich field of study, reaching to the wider readership.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"79 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129370497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was carried out to assess the school policies from the perspective of children’s rights approach with reference to creating a child-friendly learning environment in schools. The descriptive-narrative method was applied to answer the research questions, using the children’s rights approach. Survey techniques and observations were used to collect data. Only 11 schools were selected from the 128 basic schools of Pokhara. All the headmasters and selected practice teachers were sampled for data collection. Three schools where the practice teachers had teaching practice were selected purposefully and eight schools were selected randomly from the eight clusters. One cluster was made with 15 schools. The headmasters were interviewed to collect information on policies and the classes of six practice teachers were observed once. But all had the chances to observe their friends’ classes and provided the group with feedback. The interview schedule and observation checklist were the major tools for data collection. The collected data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively as per their nature. It was found that many schools had their policies to improve their physical and mental environment. It was also found that all schools had a code of conduct for students’ attendance, bullying, fighting, dress code, discipline and respect for the seniors. Such school policies were found to be well communicated with students and parents. Teachers’ superiority over their students were also observed during the visit as students were not speaking up and making their complaints to their teachers. It was concluded that the community schools tried to make the school policies to make child-friendly learning environment, but they were insufficient. Therefore, it was recommended that a proper communication among teachers, students and parents would be an appropriate tool before formulating the school policies.
{"title":"Promoting Child-Friendly School Policies in Pokhara Metropolitan City: A Children’s Rights Approach","authors":"K. P. Tripathi","doi":"10.3126/paj.v5i1.45045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3126/paj.v5i1.45045","url":null,"abstract":"The study was carried out to assess the school policies from the perspective of children’s rights approach with reference to creating a child-friendly learning environment in schools. The descriptive-narrative method was applied to answer the research questions, using the children’s rights approach. Survey techniques and observations were used to collect data. Only 11 schools were selected from the 128 basic schools of Pokhara. All the headmasters and selected practice teachers were sampled for data collection. Three schools where the practice teachers had teaching practice were selected purposefully and eight schools were selected randomly from the eight clusters. One cluster was made with 15 schools. The headmasters were interviewed to collect information on policies and the classes of six practice teachers were observed once. But all had the chances to observe their friends’ classes and provided the group with feedback. The interview schedule and observation checklist were the major tools for data collection. The collected data were analyzed both quantitatively and qualitatively as per their nature. It was found that many schools had their policies to improve their physical and mental environment. It was also found that all schools had a code of conduct for students’ attendance, bullying, fighting, dress code, discipline and respect for the seniors. Such school policies were found to be well communicated with students and parents. Teachers’ superiority over their students were also observed during the visit as students were not speaking up and making their complaints to their teachers. It was concluded that the community schools tried to make the school policies to make child-friendly learning environment, but they were insufficient. Therefore, it was recommended that a proper communication among teachers, students and parents would be an appropriate tool before formulating the school policies.","PeriodicalId":429477,"journal":{"name":"Prithvi Academic Journal","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134433708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：