Pub Date : 2022-01-03DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2022-31-2-137-160
Jihad M. Hamdan, Dina Hammouri
Purpose. The study reported here aims to identify and classify the pragmatic functions of the frequently used idiomatic expression Yalla, literally ‘let’s’, in Jordanian Spoken Arabic (JSA). Method. The data were collected from 145 university students (males and females) enrolled in different specialisms at two higher education institutions, viz., the University of Jordan and Jadara University. All participants are native speakers of Jordanian Spoken Arabic; their ages ranged from 18 to 22 years. They were divided into three groups; 14 participants gave the data in the mini questionnaire stage which was used to guide and inform proper data collection, 86 completed the extended data collection questionnaire and 45 undertook the acceptability agreement/ judgment task. Results. The study reveals that Yalla conveys 23 pragmatic functions: showing approval / acceptance, signaling the start of an action, spreading enthusiasm, suggesting, commanding/ ordering someone, expediting/ urging, expressing surrender or submission, announcing the onset of a new stage, requesting approval, rest assuring, prompting someone to act in line with an established routine, advising coupled with warning, asking for patience/calming someone down, encouraging/ cheering, drawing attention, reminding, wishing, stimulating, underestimating the importance of a complaint, ridiculing/ mocking, expressing comfort, showing emphasis in addition to showing anger and boredom. Conclusions. The study concludes that the functions of the idiomatic expression Yalla are not equally frequent; nor are they equally acceptable by the Jordanian youth. This is evident in the results of the acceptability judgment task undertaken by the participants, an indication that some of them are more deeply entrenched in the Jordanian youth community than others. The study suggests that future research may investigate the pragmatic functions of Yalla in social contexts and situations other than those examined in this study. It may also involve older age groups as Yalla is more likely to be age sensitive; education level may also turn out to impact the use of this idiomatic expression. Furthermore, as the focus of this study is on Jordanian Spoken Arabic, future research may target the pragmatic functions of Yalla in other Arabic spoken varieties, e.g., Egyptian, Syrian and Saudi, among others.
{"title":"The Pragmatic Functions of the Idiomatic Expression Yalla in Jordanian Spoken Arabic","authors":"Jihad M. Hamdan, Dina Hammouri","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2022-31-2-137-160","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2022-31-2-137-160","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The study reported here aims to identify and classify the pragmatic functions of the frequently used idiomatic expression Yalla, literally ‘let’s’, in Jordanian Spoken Arabic (JSA). \u0000Method. The data were collected from 145 university students (males and females) enrolled in different specialisms at two higher education institutions, viz., the University of Jordan and Jadara University. All participants are native speakers of Jordanian Spoken Arabic; their ages ranged from 18 to 22 years. They were divided into three groups; 14 participants gave the data in the mini questionnaire stage which was used to guide and inform proper data collection, 86 completed the extended data collection questionnaire and 45 undertook the acceptability agreement/ judgment task. \u0000Results. The study reveals that Yalla conveys 23 pragmatic functions: showing approval / acceptance, signaling the start of an action, spreading enthusiasm, suggesting, commanding/ ordering someone, expediting/ urging, expressing surrender or submission, announcing the onset of a new stage, requesting approval, rest assuring, prompting someone to act in line with an established routine, advising coupled with warning, asking for patience/calming someone down, encouraging/ cheering, drawing attention, reminding, wishing, stimulating, underestimating the importance of a complaint, ridiculing/ mocking, expressing comfort, showing emphasis in addition to showing anger and boredom. \u0000Conclusions. The study concludes that the functions of the idiomatic expression Yalla are not equally frequent; nor are they equally acceptable by the Jordanian youth. This is evident in the results of the acceptability judgment task undertaken by the participants, an indication that some of them are more deeply entrenched in the Jordanian youth community than others. The study suggests that future research may investigate the pragmatic functions of Yalla in social contexts and situations other than those examined in this study. It may also involve older age groups as Yalla is more likely to be age sensitive; education level may also turn out to impact the use of this idiomatic expression. Furthermore, as the focus of this study is on Jordanian Spoken Arabic, future research may target the pragmatic functions of Yalla in other Arabic spoken varieties, e.g., Egyptian, Syrian and Saudi, among others.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"86 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86562512","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-134-152
Yurii Kovbasko, Lesya Ikalyuk
Мета дослідження. Стаття спрямована на висвітлення ролі соціопсихолінгвістичних факторів функціонування лексичних одиниць ‘till’/‘until’ в сучасній англійській мові. У фокусі дослідження знаходяться лексичні одиниці ‘till’/‘until’, що є об’єктами функціональної транспозиції, у результаті якої обидві одиниці визначаються та функціонують як прийменники і сполучники, описуються ідентичними словниковими дефініціями, походять від однієї частини мови – прийменника і зазнають функціональної транспозиції виключно в категорію сполучника. Водночас вони характеризуються різним ступенем інституціоналізації в мові, що підтверджується статистичними даними. Відповідно висувається гіпотеза, що розбіжності у використанні цих одиниць залежать від соціопсихолінгвістичних факторів, що характеризують мовлення на сучасному етапі розвитку мови, а також визначають рівень інституціоналізації будь-якого транспозиційного процесу. Методи та методика дослідження. Аналіз проведено шляхом використання корпусно-базованого та корпусно-обумовленого підходів на основі даних, отриманих з Британського Національного Корпусу (BNC) як найбільш збалансованого та репрезентативного джерела зразків письмового та усного мовлення. У процесі дослідження, соціопсихолінгвістичні фактори поділені на лінгвістичні, що охоплюють: типи дискурсу, типи тексту, похідні типи тексту, сфери використання тексту, сфери використання тексту, що обумовлюються контекстом, типи взаємодії та рівні складності тексту; а також соціопсихологічні, а саме: вік і стать автора (для письмового дискурсу), вік, стать і соціальний клас мовців та респондентів (для усного дискурсу). Результати та висновки. Отримані дані свідчать про те, що між прийменником та сполучником ‘till’ практично відсутні будь-які розбіжності, за винятком вікових категорій авторів та мовців, що підтверджує спільну семантику одиниць. Показники цих категорій вказують на можливість подальшого ширшого розвитку саме прийменника ‘till’. Між прийменником та сполучником ‘until’ спостерігаються суттєвіші розбіжності, зокрема, з точки зору лінгвістичних факторів. З огляду на те, що саме соціопсихологічні фактори визначають лінгвістичні особливості використання одиниць, відзначаємо, що прийменник ‘until’ має найменшу кількість точок дотику з іншими одиницями дослідження, що обумовлює перспективу його детального аналізу з точки зору сучасної психолінгвістики.
{"title":"Соціопсихолінгвістичні особливості функціонування ‘till’/‘until’ в сучасній англійській мові (корпусно-базоване та корпусно-обумовлене дослідження)","authors":"Yurii Kovbasko, Lesya Ikalyuk","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-134-152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-134-152","url":null,"abstract":"Мета дослідження. Стаття спрямована на висвітлення ролі соціопсихолінгвістичних факторів функціонування лексичних одиниць ‘till’/‘until’ в сучасній англійській мові. У фокусі дослідження знаходяться лексичні одиниці ‘till’/‘until’, що є об’єктами функціональної транспозиції, у результаті якої обидві одиниці визначаються та функціонують як прийменники і сполучники, описуються ідентичними словниковими дефініціями, походять від однієї частини мови – прийменника і зазнають функціональної транспозиції виключно в категорію сполучника. Водночас вони характеризуються різним ступенем інституціоналізації в мові, що підтверджується статистичними даними. Відповідно висувається гіпотеза, що розбіжності у використанні цих одиниць залежать від соціопсихолінгвістичних факторів, що характеризують мовлення на сучасному етапі розвитку мови, а також визначають рівень інституціоналізації будь-якого транспозиційного процесу. \u0000Методи та методика дослідження. Аналіз проведено шляхом використання корпусно-базованого та корпусно-обумовленого підходів на основі даних, отриманих з Британського Національного Корпусу (BNC) як найбільш збалансованого та репрезентативного джерела зразків письмового та усного мовлення. У процесі дослідження, соціопсихолінгвістичні фактори поділені на лінгвістичні, що охоплюють: типи дискурсу, типи тексту, похідні типи тексту, сфери використання тексту, сфери використання тексту, що обумовлюються контекстом, типи взаємодії та рівні складності тексту; а також соціопсихологічні, а саме: вік і стать автора (для письмового дискурсу), вік, стать і соціальний клас мовців та респондентів (для усного дискурсу). \u0000Результати та висновки. Отримані дані свідчать про те, що між прийменником та сполучником ‘till’ практично відсутні будь-які розбіжності, за винятком вікових категорій авторів та мовців, що підтверджує спільну семантику одиниць. Показники цих категорій вказують на можливість подальшого ширшого розвитку саме прийменника ‘till’. Між прийменником та сполучником ‘until’ спостерігаються суттєвіші розбіжності, зокрема, з точки зору лінгвістичних факторів. З огляду на те, що саме соціопсихологічні фактори визначають лінгвістичні особливості використання одиниць, відзначаємо, що прийменник ‘until’ має найменшу кількість точок дотику з іншими одиницями дослідження, що обумовлює перспективу його детального аналізу з точки зору сучасної психолінгвістики.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"35 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75117870","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-28-58
E. Can, Gulmira Kuruoglu
Objective. Alzheimer’s Dementia is defined as multiple impairments in cognitive functions and language impairment is one of the observed problems in this disease. In order to analyse these problems, narrative speech transcriptions of Turkish patients with early and late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and an age/education-matched control group were examined. Materials & Methods. By using different language tests, the sentence production of Turkish patients with early (n: 23) and late-onset (n: 39) was examined and the results were compared within groups and within language tests. Our aim was to reveal the differences in sentence processing of Turkish Alzheimer patients. Results. According to the results, Turkish Alzheimer patients use short and simple sentences composed of fewer words in their speech. It was determined that these patients performed better in Picnic Picture Description test, which is thought to be easy to describe. In Cookie Theft Picture Description test, which is a complex one, and in the Subject-based Narration test, it was found that the speech amounts of AD patients were less. It was revealed that early-onset AD patients used shorter sentences including fewer words compared to late-onset AD patients. Conclusion. In the light of the data obtained, it can be said that AD patients have different sentence processing than normal individuals because of the problems in the language and memory areas of the disease. The fact that sentence processing is different means that these patients do not prefer the types of sentences that normal individuals prefer in their speeches, and use less words and simpler sentences.
{"title":"A Linguistic Profile of Narrative Speech in Early and Late-Onset Alzheimer’s Disease","authors":"E. Can, Gulmira Kuruoglu","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-28-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-28-58","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. Alzheimer’s Dementia is defined as multiple impairments in cognitive functions and language impairment is one of the observed problems in this disease. In order to analyse these problems, narrative speech transcriptions of Turkish patients with early and late-onset Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) and an age/education-matched control group were examined. \u0000Materials & Methods. By using different language tests, the sentence production of Turkish patients with early (n: 23) and late-onset (n: 39) was examined and the results were compared within groups and within language tests. Our aim was to reveal the differences in sentence processing of Turkish Alzheimer patients. \u0000Results. According to the results, Turkish Alzheimer patients use short and simple sentences composed of fewer words in their speech. It was determined that these patients performed better in Picnic Picture Description test, which is thought to be easy to describe. In Cookie Theft Picture Description test, which is a complex one, and in the Subject-based Narration test, it was found that the speech amounts of AD patients were less. It was revealed that early-onset AD patients used shorter sentences including fewer words compared to late-onset AD patients. \u0000Conclusion. In the light of the data obtained, it can be said that AD patients have different sentence processing than normal individuals because of the problems in the language and memory areas of the disease. The fact that sentence processing is different means that these patients do not prefer the types of sentences that normal individuals prefer in their speeches, and use less words and simpler sentences.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89974980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-174-198
Amirmahdi Minavandchal, Mahmood Salimi
The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship of production of speech disfluencies in EFL learners based on gender and age through regression modeling. Gender and age have been examined to influence the production of disfluencies in both native and nonnative speakers so it’s an important issue since fluency and disfluency are crucial aspects of language learning, however, the influence of age and gender on disfluency remains a controversial issue with studies often producing conflicting results with one another. Methods. This study took a new approach to this subject as we produced regression models which can predict the likelihood of production of each disfluency type based on speakers’ age and gender. In order to do this 40 Iranian advanced EFL learners (20 male, 20 female) in four age groups (youth 19–24, young adults 25–30, adults 31–44, and older adults 45+) took part in the study. Later semi-structured interviews with a variety of questions regarding different topics were conducted and participants’ responses were first recorded and then transcribed. The frequency of occurrence of each disfluency type in participants’ speech samples formed our data. This data was then used for our regression analysis. Results. Our findings indicated that, while filled pauses are the most frequently produced disfluency in both genders and all age groups, female speakers are more likely to produce hesitations in their speech compared to male speakers. We also found out that, older adults are less likely to produce filled pauses in their speech compared to younger speakers. With Further analyses, we also investigated the likelihood of producing certain disfluency types over other ones based on age and gender and how this may help instructors. Conclusions. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that all six types of disfluencies are produced by the Iranian EFL learners. Also, we found that, filled pauses, hesitations, and repetitions are by far the most frequently produced disfluency types by Iranian EFL learners, respectively.
{"title":"Predicting EFL Learners’ Susceptibility to Various Disfluency Types Based on Gender and Age","authors":"Amirmahdi Minavandchal, Mahmood Salimi","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-174-198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-174-198","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the current study is to investigate the relationship of production of speech disfluencies in EFL learners based on gender and age through regression modeling. Gender and age have been examined to influence the production of disfluencies in both native and nonnative speakers so it’s an important issue since fluency and disfluency are crucial aspects of language learning, however, the influence of age and gender on disfluency remains a controversial issue with studies often producing conflicting results with one another. \u0000Methods. This study took a new approach to this subject as we produced regression models which can predict the likelihood of production of each disfluency type based on speakers’ age and gender. In order to do this 40 Iranian advanced EFL learners (20 male, 20 female) in four age groups (youth 19–24, young adults 25–30, adults 31–44, and older adults 45+) took part in the study. Later semi-structured interviews with a variety of questions regarding different topics were conducted and participants’ responses were first recorded and then transcribed. The frequency of occurrence of each disfluency type in participants’ speech samples formed our data. This data was then used for our regression analysis. \u0000Results. Our findings indicated that, while filled pauses are the most frequently produced disfluency in both genders and all age groups, female speakers are more likely to produce hesitations in their speech compared to male speakers. We also found out that, older adults are less likely to produce filled pauses in their speech compared to younger speakers. With Further analyses, we also investigated the likelihood of producing certain disfluency types over other ones based on age and gender and how this may help instructors. \u0000Conclusions. Based on our findings, it can be concluded that all six types of disfluencies are produced by the Iranian EFL learners. Also, we found that, filled pauses, hesitations, and repetitions are by far the most frequently produced disfluency types by Iranian EFL learners, respectively.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73009987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-153-173
Natalia Koch, S. Kaleniuk
The aim of the study is a psycholinguistic analysis of the stimulus words (Ukrainian) army, language, faith as concept-forming nominations of the appropriate text concepts in the structure of the slogan-motto (advertising slogan, political slogan) “Army. Language. Faith.” the 2019 election campaign (that is, in the context of a particular discursive practice). Methods of the research. The application of the method of free associative experiment basing on the theory of speech influence allows to interpret the semantics of the analyzed concepts, as well as to establish their closest connections and logical relationships with other concepts. Verbal reactions to a political slogan as a whole and to its individual structural units as concept-forming nominations are interpreted as verbal representations of cognitive features of concepts. Results. The results of the associative experiment are a relevant source of data in order to identify markers of the deep (including subconscious) mechanisms of verbal and non-verbal behavior of individuals, which can be used to form new and transform old political concepts. The presence of intersecting segments in their semantic fields testifies about the partial synthesis of diverse concepts in the recipients’ minds, in which the effect of the psycholinguistic influence of the slogan-motto is increased. The absence of such an intersection is an indicator of the information the general information field of the concepts, which is expressed in the discrete perception of the advertising slogan. Conclusion. In the context of the speech theory influence, the first two stages of implementation the text slogan-motto “Army. Language. Faith.” into mass consciousness (attracting attention to the text and optimization its perception) were successfully implemented. A number of reasons (extralinguistic and linguistic formation, for example, the use of words with abstract, non-specific semantics “language”, “faith”) complicated the implementation of the third stage (acceptance of the content) of the implication of the text. Concept-forming nomination “army”, potentially containing negative semantic components, caused reactions associated with the emergency of cognitive disbalance in the consciousness of individuals. Comparison of the associates of the two stages of the experiment showed that the context of perception of the stimulus words is important for the respondents. Thus, the evaluative connotations of reaction words (in particular, concerning the nomination “army”) in the context of the advertising campaign of P. Poroshenko’s party and outside this context differ significantly.
{"title":"Psycholinguistic Potential of Political Concepts of the Election Campaign (on the example of the slogan-motto “Army. Language. Faith”)","authors":"Natalia Koch, S. Kaleniuk","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-153-173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-153-173","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study is a psycholinguistic analysis of the stimulus words (Ukrainian) army, language, faith as concept-forming nominations of the appropriate text concepts in the structure of the slogan-motto (advertising slogan, political slogan) “Army. Language. Faith.” the 2019 election campaign (that is, in the context of a particular discursive practice). \u0000Methods of the research. The application of the method of free associative experiment basing on the theory of speech influence allows to interpret the semantics of the analyzed concepts, as well as to establish their closest connections and logical relationships with other concepts. Verbal reactions to a political slogan as a whole and to its individual structural units as concept-forming nominations are interpreted as verbal representations of cognitive features of concepts. \u0000Results. The results of the associative experiment are a relevant source of data in order to identify markers of the deep (including subconscious) mechanisms of verbal and non-verbal behavior of individuals, which can be used to form new and transform old political concepts. The presence of intersecting segments in their semantic fields testifies about the partial synthesis of diverse concepts in the recipients’ minds, in which the effect of the psycholinguistic influence of the slogan-motto is increased. The absence of such an intersection is an indicator of the information the general information field of the concepts, which is expressed in the discrete perception of the advertising slogan. \u0000Conclusion. In the context of the speech theory influence, the first two stages of implementation the text slogan-motto “Army. Language. Faith.” into mass consciousness (attracting attention to the text and optimization its perception) were successfully implemented. A number of reasons (extralinguistic and linguistic formation, for example, the use of words with abstract, non-specific semantics “language”, “faith”) complicated the implementation of the third stage (acceptance of the content) of the implication of the text. Concept-forming nomination “army”, potentially containing negative semantic components, caused reactions associated with the emergency of cognitive disbalance in the consciousness of individuals. Comparison of the associates of the two stages of the experiment showed that the context of perception of the stimulus words is important for the respondents. Thus, the evaluative connotations of reaction words (in particular, concerning the nomination “army”) in the context of the advertising campaign of P. Poroshenko’s party and outside this context differ significantly. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82670936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-06DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-85-103
N. Isaeva, A. Akimova, A. Akimova, S. Chernyshova
Aim of the study. On the basis of the theories of dynamic translation, determine the degree of correspondence between the psycho-cognitive reactions of Ukrainian and Chinese recipients to the original and translated texts of the poetry-cycle of Lesya Ukrainian “Tears-Pearls”. Research methods. Psycholinguistic methods of empirical research are basic in this article: Osgood’s semantic differential method, content analysis and free associative experiment, other linguistic methods (cognitive and semantic analysis) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description and classification of linguistic facts) are also used. Results. On the basis of previous theoretical studies, the essential characteristics of translation as a psycho-cognitive process have been established. It is argued that the degree of equivalence of the translation of a literary text is determined not only by the work of the translator, but also by the emotional-evaluative reaction of the target recipients. An important thesis is that the perception of the text (original and translation) is influenced by the interhemispheric asymmetry of the mental activity of speakers of different languages (Clark & Paivio, 1991; Fenollosa, 1968; Zasyekin, 2010). Empirical research has shown that the “right-brain” imaginative thinking of the Chinese partly determines the degree of equivalence of their perception of the translation of Lesya Ukrainka’s poetry. The semantic profiles showed a fairly neutral emotional and evaluative reaction of the Chinese to translation incentives, which, in our opinion, was conditioned by the ethnonational specifics of the original text and the difference in poetic traditions. Despite the preservation of the thematic categories of the original in translation, in the new (Chinese) semantic space, these categories partly acquired other sociocultural meanings, which significantly influenced the equivalence of the translation. Conclusions. The degree of conformity of the psycho-cognitive reaction of target recipients to the original and the translation is determined not only by the type of mental activity of speakers of different languages, but also by a number of extralinguistic factors that determine the formation and state of activity of the verbal-associative network of representatives of different nations.
{"title":"Lesya Ukrainka's Poetry in Chinese Translation: Psycholinguistic Aspect","authors":"N. Isaeva, A. Akimova, A. Akimova, S. Chernyshova","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-85-103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-85-103","url":null,"abstract":"Aim of the study. On the basis of the theories of dynamic translation, determine the degree of correspondence between the psycho-cognitive reactions of Ukrainian and Chinese recipients to the original and translated texts of the poetry-cycle of Lesya Ukrainian “Tears-Pearls”. \u0000Research methods. Psycholinguistic methods of empirical research are basic in this article: Osgood’s semantic differential method, content analysis and free associative experiment, other linguistic methods (cognitive and semantic analysis) and general scientific methods (analysis, synthesis, description and classification of linguistic facts) are also used. \u0000Results. On the basis of previous theoretical studies, the essential characteristics of translation as a psycho-cognitive process have been established. It is argued that the degree of equivalence of the translation of a literary text is determined not only by the work of the translator, but also by the emotional-evaluative reaction of the target recipients. An important thesis is that the perception of the text (original and translation) is influenced by the interhemispheric asymmetry of the mental activity of speakers of different languages (Clark & Paivio, 1991; Fenollosa, 1968; Zasyekin, 2010). Empirical research has shown that the “right-brain” imaginative thinking of the Chinese partly determines the degree of equivalence of their perception of the translation of Lesya Ukrainka’s poetry. The semantic profiles showed a fairly neutral emotional and evaluative reaction of the Chinese to translation incentives, which, in our opinion, was conditioned by the ethnonational specifics of the original text and the difference in poetic traditions. Despite the preservation of the thematic categories of the original in translation, in the new (Chinese) semantic space, these categories partly acquired other sociocultural meanings, which significantly influenced the equivalence of the translation. \u0000Conclusions. The degree of conformity of the psycho-cognitive reaction of target recipients to the original and the translation is determined not only by the type of mental activity of speakers of different languages, but also by a number of extralinguistic factors that determine the formation and state of activity of the verbal-associative network of representatives of different nations.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88407427","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-06DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-221-239
L. Chernovaty, N. Kovalchuk
The aim of the research is looking for the ways to intensify the future translators’ analytical and thinking activity during their independent work in online teaching. The author strives to achieve it through the combination of post-editing machine-translated texts and the Think-aloud protocol procedure. It is also assumed that this combination reduces the students’ dependence on the MT target text structure, as well as improves their competence in translating specialized texts. The methodology of research involved experimental post-editing-based online teaching (28 contact hours and 92 hours of independent work) of an elective university course ‘Specifics of translating English-language discourse in the domain of Psychology’ to the first-year MA students (majoring in English and Translation) whose command of English ranged from C1 to C2 levels in the CEFR classification. The parameters of analysis included the percentage of the students’ uploaded home tasks, the degree of the subjects’ post-editing intensity in their weekly homework, the students’ independence in the interim and final tests, as well as the marks in the Final test. The results of the analysis demonstrated a substantial difference between various groups of the subjects by all indicators. The amount of home tasks uploaded by the subjects in groups A and B (with more intensive analytical and thinking activity) exceeds the similar parameter in groups C and D (with less intensive activity) more than twofold. There is a considerable advantage of the groups A and B (and even C) subjects’ post-editing intensity in their weekly homework as compared to group D. The intensity of the students’ analytical and thinking activity decreased from the highest (group A) to moderately high (group B) to average (group C) and to low (group D). The degree of the students’ independence in the interim and final tests decreased from 85.0% (group A) to 35.0% in group D, with the remaining groups’ indicators in between – 59.0% (group B) and 46.0% (group C). These indicators clearly correlate with the average marks in the final test, which amounted to 93.80, 63 and 53 points (out of 100) in groups А, В, C and D respectively. Conclusions. Post-editing, in combination with the modified TAP procedure, contributes to the efficient development of the specialized texts translation competence due to the intensification of the students’ analytical and thinking activity, reduces their dependence on the MT target text structure and correlates with the improvement of the overall quality of their translation.
{"title":"Post-Editing as the Means to Activate Students’ Thinking and Analytical Process: Psycholinguistic Aspects","authors":"L. Chernovaty, N. Kovalchuk","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-221-239","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-221-239","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the research is looking for the ways to intensify the future translators’ analytical and thinking activity during their independent work in online teaching. The author strives to achieve it through the combination of post-editing machine-translated texts and the Think-aloud protocol procedure. It is also assumed that this combination reduces the students’ dependence on the MT target text structure, as well as improves their competence in translating specialized texts. \u0000The methodology of research involved experimental post-editing-based online teaching (28 contact hours and 92 hours of independent work) of an elective university course ‘Specifics of translating English-language discourse in the domain of Psychology’ to the first-year MA students (majoring in English and Translation) whose command of English ranged from C1 to C2 levels in the CEFR classification. The parameters of analysis included the percentage of the students’ uploaded home tasks, the degree of the subjects’ post-editing intensity in their weekly homework, the students’ independence in the interim and final tests, as well as the marks in the Final test. \u0000The results of the analysis demonstrated a substantial difference between various groups of the subjects by all indicators. The amount of home tasks uploaded by the subjects in groups A and B (with more intensive analytical and thinking activity) exceeds the similar parameter in groups C and D (with less intensive activity) more than twofold. There is a considerable advantage of the groups A and B (and even C) subjects’ post-editing intensity in their weekly homework as compared to group D. The intensity of the students’ analytical and thinking activity decreased from the highest (group A) to moderately high (group B) to average (group C) and to low (group D). The degree of the students’ independence in the interim and final tests decreased from 85.0% (group A) to 35.0% in group D, with the remaining groups’ indicators in between – 59.0% (group B) and 46.0% (group C). These indicators clearly correlate with the average marks in the final test, which amounted to 93.80, 63 and 53 points (out of 100) in groups А, В, C and D respectively. \u0000Conclusions. Post-editing, in combination with the modified TAP procedure, contributes to the efficient development of the specialized texts translation competence due to the intensification of the students’ analytical and thinking activity, reduces their dependence on the MT target text structure and correlates with the improvement of the overall quality of their translation.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86841082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Вступ. У статті з позицій постулатів і положень психолінгвістики обговорюються результати оцінки сучасних досліджень, присвячених комунікативній толерантності (КТ) та комунікативній інтолерантності (КІ) представників соціономічних професій. Мета. Метою статті є: (а) обговорення результатів систематичного огляду і системної оцінки сучасних досліджень з КТ, які презентують наукові погляди вчених з різних країн світу на цю проблему; (б) виявлення, наскільки в розвідках, які за своєю назвою претендують на вирішення проблеми КТ, справді розкривається мовленнєво-мовний аспект комунікації, що відноситься до компетенції психолінгвістики і слугує подальшому її розвитку як прикладної науки. Методи і методики. У процесі моніторингу сучасних досліджень з означеної проблематики використовувався комплекс теоретичних методів: (а) систематичний огляд і системний аналіз публікацій, надрукований в журналах, що входять у “Scopus” і “Web of Science”; (б) класифікація проаналізованих досліджень; (в) систематизація отриманих якісних показників і узагальнення результатів огляду й аналізу; (г) дослідницький синтез і формулювання висновків. Концепція дослідження містить низку психолінгвістичних положень, які висвітлюють авторське розуміння феноменів, що обсервуються, розкриває методологічні підходи, на яких ґрунтується методика цієї розвідки, і передбачає дослідницькі дії за евристичним, аналітичним і оціночним алгоритмами. Згідно з означеними алгоритмами методика дослідження реалізується за етапами: (1) пошуковий; (2) відбірковий; (3) аналітичний; (4) класифікаційний; (5) системоутворювальний; (6) оцінювальний; (7) узагальнювально-синтезувальний. Результати. У результатах дослідження висвітлюються різні підходи дослідників до КТ і КІ, висловлюється думка авторів цієї статті про релевантність / нерелевантність виконаних розвідок проблематиці комунікації, доцільність/недоцільність, здійснених дослідницьких процедур, підсумовуються результати аналізу й наданої оцінки, подаються дискусійні положення щодо неправомірного ототожнення окремими науковцями комунікації й інтеракції, комунікації і спілкування. Висновки. Здійснений систематичний огляд і системний аналіз дав змогу: (а) критично, за об’єктивними науковими (якісними) даними оцінити сучасні дослідження з КТ/КІ як такі, що неправомірно і необґрунтовано тлумачать комунікацію як інтеракцію, не звертаючись до властивих їй психолінгвістичних ознак; (б) презентувати власне наукове розуміння КТ / КІ як психолінгвістичних феноменів та визначити відповідні їм поняття. Ототожнення комунікації з ітеракцією (складовою спілкування) спричиняє нетермінологічне використання терміносполучень “комунікативна толерантність/комунікативна інтолерантність”, термінологічну неупорядкованість, підміну понять, зміщення акцентів в емпіричних розвідках комунікації в бік іншого предмету дослідження.
{"title":"Комунікативна толерантність vs комунікативна інтолерантність як генеративна проблема","authors":"Heorhii Kalmykov, Stefaniya Dobroskok, Diana Chyzhma, Irina Endeberia, Oksana Kyhtuik","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-1-26-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-1-26-58","url":null,"abstract":"Вступ. У статті з позицій постулатів і положень психолінгвістики обговорюються результати оцінки сучасних досліджень, присвячених комунікативній толерантності (КТ) та комунікативній інтолерантності (КІ) представників соціономічних професій. \u0000Мета. Метою статті є: (а) обговорення результатів систематичного огляду і системної оцінки сучасних досліджень з КТ, які презентують наукові погляди вчених з різних країн світу на цю проблему; (б) виявлення, наскільки в розвідках, які за своєю назвою претендують на вирішення проблеми КТ, справді розкривається мовленнєво-мовний аспект комунікації, що відноситься до компетенції психолінгвістики і слугує подальшому її розвитку як прикладної науки. \u0000Методи і методики. У процесі моніторингу сучасних досліджень з означеної проблематики використовувався комплекс теоретичних методів: (а) систематичний огляд і системний аналіз публікацій, надрукований в журналах, що входять у “Scopus” і “Web of Science”; (б) класифікація проаналізованих досліджень; (в) систематизація отриманих якісних показників і узагальнення результатів огляду й аналізу; (г) дослідницький синтез і формулювання висновків. Концепція дослідження містить низку психолінгвістичних положень, які висвітлюють авторське розуміння феноменів, що обсервуються, розкриває методологічні підходи, на яких ґрунтується методика цієї розвідки, і передбачає дослідницькі дії за евристичним, аналітичним і оціночним алгоритмами. Згідно з означеними алгоритмами методика дослідження реалізується за етапами: (1) пошуковий; (2) відбірковий; (3) аналітичний; (4) класифікаційний; (5) системоутворювальний; (6) оцінювальний; (7) узагальнювально-синтезувальний. \u0000Результати. У результатах дослідження висвітлюються різні підходи дослідників до КТ і КІ, висловлюється думка авторів цієї статті про релевантність / нерелевантність виконаних розвідок проблематиці комунікації, доцільність/недоцільність, здійснених дослідницьких процедур, підсумовуються результати аналізу й наданої оцінки, подаються дискусійні положення щодо неправомірного ототожнення окремими науковцями комунікації й інтеракції, комунікації і спілкування. \u0000Висновки. Здійснений систематичний огляд і системний аналіз дав змогу: (а) критично, за об’єктивними науковими (якісними) даними оцінити сучасні дослідження з КТ/КІ як такі, що неправомірно і необґрунтовано тлумачать комунікацію як інтеракцію, не звертаючись до властивих їй психолінгвістичних ознак; (б) презентувати власне наукове розуміння КТ / КІ як психолінгвістичних феноменів та визначити відповідні їм поняття. Ототожнення комунікації з ітеракцією (складовою спілкування) спричиняє нетермінологічне використання терміносполучень “комунікативна толерантність/комунікативна інтолерантність”, термінологічну неупорядкованість, підміну понять, зміщення акцентів в емпіричних розвідках комунікації в бік іншого предмету дослідження.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80099706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-04DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-104-133
Ghada Al Karazoun, Jihad M. Hamdan
Purpose. The study reported here aims to investigate the commonest communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti written inside Jordanian public transport vehicles. Method. The researchers collected 1,410 tokens of graffiti from six Jordanian cities, viz., Amman, Madaba, Irbid, Zarqa, Salt, and Jerash. The data which were collected from public transport vehicles included 1000 handwritten graffiti tokens and 410 custom-made stickers. Specifically, the data were collected from large and small buses as well as service and yellow taxis that lined up in main bus stations and bus stops available in front of hospitals, universities, malls and close to traffic circles. Then the categories and subcategories of graffiti were identified on the basis of their content. Results. The analysis reveals eight communicative categories, viz., personal, interpersonal, philosophical, religious, offensive, political, humorous, and sports. The analysis also reveals thirteen subcategories, viz., naming and self-identification, self-appraisal, love and familial relationships, philosophical perspectives, ethics of transport, decline of morals, expressions of Islamic faith, supplication, preaches, protection from the envious eye, territorial and tribal affiliation. Conclusions The study concludes that a host of societal concerns and individuals’ feelings and thoughts are transmitted through the discourse of graffiti. The passengers and drivers have expressed their self-concentration, philosophical views, affiliation with territories and tribes, hostility and anger to individuals and groups, and allegiance to religion beliefs and traditions. The study also concludes that there are socio-psychological motives that drive writing graffiti, viz., identify oneself, release emotions, criticize individuals and groups, reveal pride and admiration, advertise goods and promote business, search for contacts, post messages for the public, express attachment to educational institutions, document the occurrence of a particular occasion. The study recommends that graffiti written inside public transport vehicles in other Arab countries be examined. Thus, one could examine to what extent the communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti along with its socio-psychological tend to show a pan-Arab base.
{"title":"Graffiti Inside Jordanian Public Transport Vehicles","authors":"Ghada Al Karazoun, Jihad M. Hamdan","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-104-133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-2-104-133","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The study reported here aims to investigate the commonest communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti written inside Jordanian public transport vehicles. \u0000Method. The researchers collected 1,410 tokens of graffiti from six Jordanian cities, viz., Amman, Madaba, Irbid, Zarqa, Salt, and Jerash. The data which were collected from public transport vehicles included 1000 handwritten graffiti tokens and 410 custom-made stickers. Specifically, the data were collected from large and small buses as well as service and yellow taxis that lined up in main bus stations and bus stops available in front of hospitals, universities, malls and close to traffic circles. Then the categories and subcategories of graffiti were identified on the basis of their content. \u0000Results. The analysis reveals eight communicative categories, viz., personal, interpersonal, philosophical, religious, offensive, political, humorous, and sports. \u0000The analysis also reveals thirteen subcategories, viz., naming and self-identification, self-appraisal, love and familial relationships, philosophical perspectives, ethics of transport, decline of morals, expressions of Islamic faith, supplication, preaches, protection from the envious eye, territorial and tribal affiliation. \u0000Conclusions The study concludes that a host of societal concerns and individuals’ feelings and thoughts are transmitted through the discourse of graffiti. The passengers and drivers have expressed their self-concentration, philosophical views, affiliation with territories and tribes, hostility and anger to individuals and groups, and allegiance to religion beliefs and traditions. The study also concludes that there are socio-psychological motives that drive writing graffiti, viz., identify oneself, release emotions, criticize individuals and groups, reveal pride and admiration, advertise goods and promote business, search for contacts, post messages for the public, express attachment to educational institutions, document the occurrence of a particular occasion. The study recommends that graffiti written inside public transport vehicles in other Arab countries be examined. Thus, one could examine to what extent the communicative categories and subcategories of graffiti along with its socio-psychological tend to show a pan-Arab base.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-11-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89104460","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-30DOI: 10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-1-249-273
D. Shmatkov, M. L. Zagalaz-Sánchez, J. Cachón-Zagalaz
Objective. This study aims to determine the extent to which psycholinguistic variables are included in the analysis of the quality of directive posters on social media during Covid-19. Methods. The methods used in the study include analysis of the relevant scientific literature on the identification of psycholinguistic categories and variables relevant to the study; expert assessment of qualitative parameters of posters published on Facebook by official organizations; methods of descriptive statistics. Results. The analysis of 298 unique works conducted through Ukrainian network on Facebook revealed that the overall average quality of the publications is on the borderline between medium and high levels – 69.3% (by text parameters – 70.0%, graphic parameters – 68.6%). Conclusions. The study revealed that psycholinguistic variables such as readability, imageability, concreteness, conceptual familiarity, semantic size, name agreement, image agreement, visual complexity, typicality, image variability, authenticity of texts, processing fluency, etc. penetrate deeply related research on the creolized texts in various forms and interpretations. The quality of the posters on Facebook made by the official institutions operating in the field of health care is at the borderline between medium and high levels. These indicators are most in need of improvement on text parameters such as “Emphasis” and “Call to action”, as well as on graphical parameters such as “Presence of interactive graphic links” and “Understandability of illustration message without text”.
{"title":"Analysis of Posters for Informing the Population via Social Media during Covid-19: Ukrainian Network","authors":"D. Shmatkov, M. L. Zagalaz-Sánchez, J. Cachón-Zagalaz","doi":"10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-1-249-273","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31470/2309-1797-2021-30-1-249-273","url":null,"abstract":"Objective. This study aims to determine the extent to which psycholinguistic variables are included in the analysis of the quality of directive posters on social media during Covid-19. \u0000Methods. The methods used in the study include analysis of the relevant scientific literature on the identification of psycholinguistic categories and variables relevant to the study; expert assessment of qualitative parameters of posters published on Facebook by official organizations; methods of descriptive statistics. \u0000Results. The analysis of 298 unique works conducted through Ukrainian network on Facebook revealed that the overall average quality of the publications is on the borderline between medium and high levels – 69.3% (by text parameters – 70.0%, graphic parameters – 68.6%). \u0000Conclusions. The study revealed that psycholinguistic variables such as readability, imageability, concreteness, conceptual familiarity, semantic size, name agreement, image agreement, visual complexity, typicality, image variability, authenticity of texts, processing fluency, etc. penetrate deeply related research on the creolized texts in various forms and interpretations. The quality of the posters on Facebook made by the official institutions operating in the field of health care is at the borderline between medium and high levels. These indicators are most in need of improvement on text parameters such as “Emphasis” and “Call to action”, as well as on graphical parameters such as “Presence of interactive graphic links” and “Understandability of illustration message without text”.","PeriodicalId":42961,"journal":{"name":"Psycholinguistics","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.7,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82890598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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