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A general methodology for building multiple aspect trajectories 建立多方面轨迹的一般方法
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577832
Francesco Lettich, Chiara Pugliese, C. Renso, Fabio Pinelli
The massive use of personal location devices, the Internet of Mobile Things, and Location Based Social Networks, enables the collection of vast amounts of movement data. Such data can be enriched with several semantic dimensions (or aspects), i.e., contextual and heterogeneous information captured in the surrounding environment, leading to the creation of multiple aspect trajectories (MATs). In this work, we present how the MAT-Builder system can be used for the semantic enrichment processing of movement data while being agnostic to aspects and external semantic data sources. This is achieved by integrating MAT-Builder into a methodology which encompasses three design principles and a uniform representation formalism for enriched data based on the Resource Description Framework (RDF) format. An example scenario involving the generation and querying of a dataset of MATs gives a glimpse of the possibilities that our methodology can open up.
个人定位设备、移动物联网和基于位置的社交网络的大量使用,使得收集大量的移动数据成为可能。这样的数据可以通过几个语义维度(或方面)来丰富,即在周围环境中捕获的上下文和异构信息,从而创建多个方面轨迹(MATs)。在这项工作中,我们介绍了MAT-Builder系统如何用于运动数据的语义丰富处理,同时对方面和外部语义数据源不可知。这是通过将MAT-Builder集成到一种方法中来实现的,该方法包含三个设计原则和基于资源描述框架(RDF)格式的丰富数据的统一表示形式。一个示例场景涉及MATs数据集的生成和查询,可以让我们了解我们的方法可以打开的可能性。
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引用次数: 2
Classification by Frequent Association Rules 频繁关联规则分类
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577848
Md Rayhan Kabir, Osmar Zaiane
Over the last two decades, Associative Classifiers have shown competitive performance in the task of predicting class labels. Along with the performance in accuracy, associative classifiers produce human-readable predictive rules which is very helpful to understand the decision process of the classifiers. Associative classifiers from early days suffer from the limitation requiring proper threshold value setting which is dataset-specific. Recently some studies eliminated that limitation by producing statistically significant rules. Though recent models showed very competitive performance with state-of-the-art classifiers, their performance is still impacted if the feature vector of the training data is very large. An ensemble model can solve this issue by training each base learner with a subset of the feature vector. In this study, we propose an ensemble model Classification by Frequent Association Rules (CFAR) using associative classifiers as base learners. In our approach, instead of using a classical ensemble and a voting method, we rank the generated rules based on predominance among base learners and select a subset of the rules for predicting class labels. We use 10 datasets from the UCI repository to evaluate the performance of the proposed model. Our ensemble approach CFAR eliminates the limitation of high memory requirement and runtime of recent associative classifiers if training datasets have large feature vectors. Among the datasets we used, along with increasing accuracy in most cases, CFAR removes the noisy rules which enhances the interpretability of the model.
在过去的二十年中,关联分类器在预测类标签的任务中表现出了竞争力。联想分类器在提高准确率的同时,还能生成人类可读的预测规则,这对理解分类器的决策过程非常有帮助。早期的关联分类器受到限制,需要适当的阈值设置,这是特定于数据集的。最近一些研究通过产生具有统计意义的规则消除了这一限制。尽管最近的模型与最先进的分类器表现出非常有竞争力的性能,但如果训练数据的特征向量非常大,它们的性能仍然会受到影响。集成模型可以通过使用特征向量的子集来训练每个基学习器来解决这个问题。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种基于频繁关联规则的集成模型分类(CFAR),使用关联分类器作为基础学习器。在我们的方法中,我们没有使用经典的集成和投票方法,而是基于基础学习器中的优势对生成的规则进行排序,并选择规则的一个子集来预测类标签。我们使用来自UCI存储库的10个数据集来评估所提出模型的性能。我们的集成方法CFAR消除了当前关联分类器在训练数据集具有较大特征向量时对内存和运行时间要求较高的限制。在我们使用的数据集中,随着大多数情况下准确性的提高,CFAR去除了噪声规则,从而增强了模型的可解释性。
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引用次数: 1
RESTChain: a Blockchain-based Mediator for REST Interactions in Service Choreographies RESTChain:基于区块链的中介,用于服务编排中的REST交互
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577826
F. Donini, A. Marcelletti, A. Morichetta, A. Polini
In inter-organizational contexts, different organizations cooperate exchanging information, to reach specific and shared objectives. The achievement of such interactions raises the need for a trusted communication environment to be used by the participants. This is a particularly relevant challenge when such interactions are specified in a peer-to-peer style, as in the case of Service Choreographies. Indeed, in such situations, the involved participants expect that all the interactions are performed abiding by the agreed specification. To support such a scenario, blockchain technology is gaining interest thanks to its security, trust, and decentralization characteristics. However, technological barriers still limit its adoption in real context due to the costly and time-consuming learning process. For this reason, we propose RESTChain, a general framework relying on blockchain technology enabling in an automatic way the interactions that take place among the participants in a service choreography. Starting from a choreography specification, the framework automatically derives a set of Mediators and a Smart Contract that coordinates the service interactions. In this way, each organization can communicate with the other services through the blockchain in a secure, auditable, and transparent manner.
在组织间环境中,不同的组织合作交换信息,以达到特定的和共同的目标。要实现这种交互,就需要参与者使用可信的通信环境。当这种交互以点对点样式指定时,这是一个特别相关的挑战,例如在服务编排的情况下。实际上,在这种情况下,参与的参与者期望所有的交互都按照商定的规范执行。为了支持这样的场景,区块链技术由于其安全性、信任度和去中心化的特点而引起了人们的兴趣。然而,由于学习过程昂贵且耗时,技术障碍仍然限制了其在实际环境中的采用。出于这个原因,我们提出了RESTChain,这是一个依赖于区块链技术的通用框架,可以自动地在服务编排的参与者之间进行交互。从编排规范开始,框架自动派生出一组mediator和一个协调服务交互的Smart Contract。这样,每个组织都可以通过区块链以安全、可审计和透明的方式与其他服务进行通信。
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引用次数: 0
Discrete Wavelet Coefficient-based Embeddable Branch for Ultrasound Breast Masses Classification 基于离散小波系数的可嵌入分支超声乳腺肿块分类
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577727
Mingue Song, Yanggon Kim
The progress of computer-aid-diagnosis system for ultrasound breast lesions reaches tremendous success in the past few years. However, conventional deep learning-based strategies in recent developments still have challenges particularly in characterizing tumor domain in ultrasound images due to the heterogeneous and complex variations of lesions along with similar intensity exhibited in target object. To address this, this work proposes a discrete wavelet coefficient-based embeddable branch that allows to additionally propagate geometrical features of tumors in an end-to-end trainable fashion. To be elaborate, such branch priorly enforce the wavelet pooling operation to select a certain coefficient to further collect gradient information of target domain. Further, the current work also investigates two different preprocessing strategies in which the internal and external gradients of lesion areas can be emphasized within the transformation. Thus, we examine the effects of the proposed method based on different preprocessing scenarios. To verify the usefulness, GradCam projection, and the cross-validation demonstrate the connection of the proposed branch encourages the importance of target features, thus boosting the overall discrimination between lesion groups. Lastly, the proposed branch can be easily incorporated with existing deep learning-based architectures.
近年来,乳腺超声病变计算机辅助诊断系统的发展取得了巨大的成功。然而,在最近的发展中,传统的基于深度学习的策略仍然存在挑战,特别是在超声图像中表征肿瘤区域时,由于病灶的异质性和复杂性变化以及靶物体中显示的相似强度。为了解决这个问题,这项工作提出了一个基于离散小波系数的可嵌入分支,该分支允许以端到端可训练的方式额外传播肿瘤的几何特征。具体来说,该分支优先执行小波池运算,选择某一系数,进一步收集目标域的梯度信息。此外,目前的工作还研究了两种不同的预处理策略,其中病变区域的内部和外部梯度可以在转换中得到强调。因此,我们基于不同的预处理场景来检验所提出的方法的效果。为了验证其有效性,GradCam投影和交叉验证证明了所提出分支之间的联系鼓励了目标特征的重要性,从而增强了病变组之间的整体区分。最后,所提出的分支可以很容易地与现有的基于深度学习的体系结构相结合。
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引用次数: 1
Survey on Trust in Software Engineering for Autonomous Dynamic Ecosystems 自主动态生态系统软件工程信任研究
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577702
Barbora Buhnova, David Halasz, Danish Iqbal, Hind Bangui
Software systems across various application domains are undergoing a major shift, from static systems of systems to dynamic ecosystems characterized by largely autonomous software agents, engaging in mutual coalitions and partnerships to complete complex collaborative tasks. One of the key challenges facing software engineering along with this shift, is our preparedness to leverage the concept of mutual trust building among the dynamic system components, to support safe collaborations with (possibly malicious or misbehaving) components outside the boundaries of our control. To support safe evolution towards dynamic software ecosystems, this paper examines the current progress in the research on trust in software engineering across various application domains. To this end, it presents a survey of existing work in this area, and suggests the directions in which further research is needed. These directions include the research of social metrics supporting trust assessment, fine-grained quantification of trust-assessment results, and opening the discussion on governance mechanisms responsible for trust-score management and propagation across the integrated software ecosystems.
跨不同应用领域的软件系统正在经历一个重大转变,从静态的系统系统到动态的生态系统,这些生态系统以很大程度上自主的软件代理为特征,参与相互联盟和伙伴关系来完成复杂的协作任务。随着这种转变,软件工程面临的关键挑战之一是我们准备利用动态系统组件之间建立相互信任的概念,以支持与我们控制范围之外的组件(可能是恶意的或行为不当的)的安全协作。为了支持向动态软件生态系统的安全演进,本文考察了软件工程在不同应用领域的信任研究的最新进展。为此,本文对该领域的现有工作进行了综述,并提出了需要进一步研究的方向。这些方向包括支持信任评估的社会指标的研究,信任评估结果的细粒度量化,以及对负责信任评分管理和跨集成软件生态系统传播的治理机制的讨论。
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引用次数: 0
Analysis of active semi-supervised learning 主动半监督学习分析
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577621
Lilian Berton, Felipe Mitsuishi, Didier Vega Oliveros
In many real-world applications, labeled instances are costly and infeasible to obtain large training sets. This way, learning strategies that do the most with fewer labels are calling attention, such as semi-supervised learning (SSL) and active learning (AL). Active learning allows querying instance to be labeled in the uncertain region and semi-supervised learning classify with a small set of labeled data. We combine both strategies to investigate how AL improves SSL performance, considering both classification results and computational cost. We present experimental results comparing five AL strategies on seven benchmark datasets encompassing synthetic data, handwritten digit and image recognition, and brain-computing interaction tasks. The best single AL strategy was the ranked batch mode, but it has the highest computational cost. On the other hand, using a consensus committee approach leads to the highest results and low-processing footprints.
在许多实际应用中,标记实例是昂贵的,并且不可能获得大型训练集。这样,用更少的标签做得最多的学习策略引起了人们的注意,比如半监督学习(SSL)和主动学习(AL)。主动学习允许在不确定区域对查询实例进行标记,半监督学习允许使用少量标记数据进行分类。我们结合这两种策略来研究人工智能如何提高SSL性能,同时考虑分类结果和计算成本。我们在七个基准数据集上比较了五种人工智能策略的实验结果,这些数据集包括合成数据、手写数字和图像识别以及脑计算交互任务。排名批处理模式是最佳的单人工智能策略,但它的计算成本最高。另一方面,使用共识委员会方法可以获得最高的结果和较低的处理足迹。
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引用次数: 0
Detecting Suspicious Conditional Statement using App Execution Log 使用应用程序执行日志检测可疑条件语句
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577722
Sumin Lee, Minho Park, Jiman Hong
Because1 the logic bomb performs malicious behaviors only within the branch that triggers the malicious behaviors, if the branch can be easily found, malicious behaviors can be detected efficiently. Existing malicious app analysis tools look for branches that trigger malicious behaviors based on static analysis, so if reflection is used in the app, this branch statement cannot be found properly. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an app execution log-based suspicious conditional statement detection tool that can detect suspicious conditional statements even when reflection is used. The proposed detection tool which is implemented on the android-10.0.0_r47 version of AOSP(Android Open Source Project) can check the branch statement and information about called method while the app is executing, including the method called by reflection. Also, since suspicious conditional statements are detected by checking the method call flow related to branch statements in the execution log, there is no need to examine all branch statements in the app. Experimental results show that the proposed detection tool can detect suspicious conditional statements regardless of the use of reflection.
因为逻辑炸弹只在触发恶意行为的分支内执行恶意行为,所以如果分支很容易被找到,就可以有效地检测出恶意行为。现有的恶意应用分析工具会根据静态分析来查找触发恶意行为的分支,所以如果在应用中使用了反射,则无法正确找到该分支语句。因此,在本文中,我们提出了一种基于应用执行日志的可疑条件语句检测工具,即使使用反射也可以检测到可疑条件语句。本文提出的检测工具在Android -10.0.0_r47版本的AOSP(Android开源项目)上实现,可以在应用程序执行时检查分支语句和被调用方法的信息,包括反射调用的方法。此外,由于可疑条件语句是通过检查执行日志中与分支语句相关的方法调用流来检测的,因此不需要检查应用程序中的所有分支语句。实验结果表明,无论是否使用反射,所提出的检测工具都可以检测到可疑条件语句。
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引用次数: 1
Machine Learning Applied on Hydraulic Actuator Control 机器学习在液压执行器控制中的应用
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577695
Thomaz Pereira Da Silva Junior, Everson da Silva Flores, Vagner Santos Da Rosa, F. Borges
This paper presents a comparison of two different types of neural networks when used in the control of a hydraulic actuator. The advantages of using hydraulic actuators are pondered when facing the nonlinearities present in their model, which difficult their control difficult. The state of the art seeks several solutions, mostly in the use of neural networks. In this way, this paper addressed a study regarding the replacement of traditional sigmoidal networks by the use of wavelet networks in the representation of friction on the walls of hydraulic cylinders and reverse valve dynamics. Different architectures are tested and trained using the quickpropagation algorithm. Finally, the efficiency of the networks is compared regarding generalization for friction and reverse dynamics of the valve, as well as their use in a cascade neural control.
本文比较了两种不同类型的神经网络在液压作动器控制中的应用。针对液压作动器模型存在的非线性问题,分析了采用液压作动器控制的优越性。最先进的技术寻求几种解决方案,主要是使用神经网络。通过这种方式,本文研究了用小波网络代替传统的s型网络来表示液压缸壁上的摩擦和反阀动力学。使用快速传播算法对不同的体系结构进行测试和训练。最后,比较了网络在阀门摩擦和反向动力学泛化方面的效率,以及它们在级联神经控制中的应用。
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引用次数: 0
SocioPedia: Visualizing Social Knowledge over Time 社会化媒体:随着时间的推移可视化社会知识
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577660
Try My Nguyen, Jason J. Jung
In this paper, we introduce SocioPedia, which is a real-time automatic system for efficiently visualizing and analyzing the variations, characteristics, and evolutions of social knowledge following the change of time. SocioPedia has been developed to provide a full knowledge graph life cycle and combined the temporal information into each processed knowledge. To benefit different classes of users, SocioPedia provides a user-friendly and intuitive environment with different visualization types including static knowledge visualization, timeline knowledge visualization, timeline characteristic visualization, and dynamic timeline visualization.
本文介绍的SocioPedia是一个实时自动化系统,它可以有效地可视化和分析社会知识随时间变化的变化、特征和演变。SocioPedia提供了一个完整的知识图谱生命周期,并将时间信息组合到每一个被处理的知识中。为了使不同类别的用户受益,SocioPedia提供了一个用户友好、直观的环境,提供了不同的可视化类型,包括静态知识可视化、时间线知识可视化、时间线特征可视化和动态时间线可视化。
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引用次数: 0
Adaptive Feature Selection Using an Autoencoder and Classifier: Applied to a Radiomics Case 基于自编码器和分类器的自适应特征选择:应用于放射组学案例
IF 1 Q4 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS Pub Date : 2023-03-27 DOI: 10.1145/3555776.3577861
R. Hassanpour, Niels Netten, Tony Busker, Mortaza Shoae Bargh, Sunil Choenni
Machine learning models have been an inevitable tool for analyzing medical images by radiologists. These models provide important information about the contents of these images using extracted radiomic features. However, the dimensionality of the feature space can cause reduction in the accuracy of prediction, a phenomenon known as the curse of dimensionality. In this study we propose a feature selection method using an autoencoder, which incorporates the performance of a classifier within the feature selection process. This is achieved by automatically adjusting a threshold value used for selecting the features fed to the classifier. The contribution of this study is twofold. The first contribution is an improvement to group lasso to include the group size as a cost parameter of the autoencoder. The second contribution is to automate the selection of the threshold value used for eliminating redundant input features. The threshold value in our proposed method is learned during training phase of the proposed model. Our experimental results indicates that the proposed model can successfully converge to appropriate feature selection parameters.
机器学习模型已经成为放射科医生分析医学图像的不可避免的工具。这些模型使用提取的放射学特征提供关于这些图像内容的重要信息。然而,特征空间的维数会导致预测精度的降低,这种现象被称为维数诅咒。在这项研究中,我们提出了一种使用自编码器的特征选择方法,该方法在特征选择过程中结合了分类器的性能。这是通过自动调整用于选择提供给分类器的特征的阈值来实现的。这项研究的贡献是双重的。第一个贡献是改进了组套索,将组大小作为自编码器的成本参数。第二个贡献是自动选择用于消除冗余输入特征的阈值。我们提出的方法的阈值是在模型的训练阶段学习的。实验结果表明,该模型能够成功收敛到合适的特征选择参数。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Applied Computing Review
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