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Web API Creation for Enterprise Mashup 为企业Mashup创建Web API
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.83
Masahiro Tanaka, Terunobu Kume, Akihiko Matsuo
It is desirable for web applications to be reusable, for example in case a vendor wants to deliver new valuable services by using and combining existing applications quickly. One of the well-known ways of reusing web applications, Mashup, has become popular in the web development community and applied to many open web sites, as we can just combine the data retrieved from Web pages or APIs of the web applications. But in the case of the Mashup of enterprise web applications, or Enterprise Mashup, it is quite difficult since these applications are often not intended to be reusable and have no Web APIs. That means we have to create the Web APIs for the applications, which takes much work. In this paper, we describe a light-weight Web API creation methodology in order to create Web APIs for enterprise web applications much more easily than we can by extending the source code. The created Web API can connect to the web application just as a client who has an account does. So we can create a Web API for Enterprise Mashup without modifying the application at all and we can call the Web API securely using the user account information of the application. We developed the implementation of our methodology and applied it to actual applications to evaluate its effectiveness.
web应用程序的可重用性是可取的,例如,如果供应商希望通过快速使用和组合现有应用程序来交付新的有价值的服务。Mashup是重用web应用程序的一种众所周知的方法,它已经在web开发社区中流行起来,并应用于许多开放的web站点,因为我们可以将从web页面或web应用程序的api检索到的数据组合起来。但是在企业web应用程序的Mashup或enterprise Mashup的情况下,这是相当困难的,因为这些应用程序通常不打算重用,也没有web api。这意味着我们必须为应用程序创建Web api,这需要做很多工作。在本文中,我们描述了一种轻量级的Web API创建方法,以便为企业Web应用程序创建Web API,这比扩展源代码要容易得多。创建的Web API可以连接到Web应用程序,就像拥有帐户的客户端一样。因此,我们可以在不修改应用程序的情况下为Enterprise Mashup创建Web API,并且可以使用应用程序的用户帐户信息安全地调用Web API。我们开发了我们的方法的实现,并将其应用于实际应用,以评估其有效性。
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引用次数: 3
Management Model Proposal for Portuguese Public Administration Shared Services 葡萄牙公共行政共享服务管理模式建议
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.81
L. Domingues, J. Gomes
Portugal was considered in recent surveys as a leading nation in eGovernment implementation at European context. Like the great majority of governments around the world, in the earlier stages, the emphasis was mostly on development e-services at the front-end. However, drawing on OECD's observations, continued expansion in e-services is not possible without integration in government back-end processes and systems. In this context, Portuguese government launched a shared services initiative having as main target the rationalization and standardization of back-office processes, which lead to the development of new back office services to improve support for front office operations. In this initial phase the challenge is centred in the implementation of shared services throughout central public administration entities without quality disruption in service delivery. In a second phase some of these services may also be deployed to both regional and local public administration entities, covering in total a universe of 800.000 workers. The appeal of this research is to find a solution able to support strategic management decisions preserving both the process control and the quality of the delivered services. According to a developed research methodology based on Yin's case study methodology and a matching between scientific method and engineering design process, the shared services analysis model (SSAM) has been developed. SSAM contributes with a formal analysis structure based in main pillars that sustain the shared services implementation in Portuguese public administration. The defined pillars will be used as analysis vectors to create a performance model able to evaluate shared services implementation and to anticipate future actions.
在最近的调查中,葡萄牙被认为是在欧洲范围内实施电子政务的领先国家。与世界上绝大多数政府一样,在早期阶段,重点主要放在前端开发电子服务上。然而,根据经合组织的观察,如果不整合政府后端流程和系统,电子服务的持续扩张是不可能的。在此背景下,葡萄牙政府发起了一项共享服务倡议,其主要目标是后台流程的合理化和标准化,这导致了新的后台服务的发展,以改善对前台业务的支持。在这一初始阶段,挑战集中在在整个中央公共行政实体中实施共享服务,同时不中断服务提供的质量。在第二阶段,其中一些服务也可能部署到区域和地方公共行政实体,总共覆盖80万名工人。本研究的吸引力在于找到一种能够支持战略管理决策的解决方案,同时保留过程控制和交付服务的质量。在尹的案例研究方法的基础上,将科学方法与工程设计过程相匹配,建立了共享服务分析模型(SSAM)。SSAM提供了一个基于主要支柱的正式分析结构,以维持葡萄牙公共行政中共享服务的实施。所定义的支柱将用作分析向量,以创建能够评估共享服务实现并预测未来操作的性能模型。
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引用次数: 4
ECB: Enterprise Cloud Bus Based on WS-Notification and Cloud Queue Model 基于WS-Notification和云队列模型的企业云总线
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.89
Pingli Gu, Yanlei Shang, Junliang Chen, Miaoting Deng, B. Lin, Changbao Li
With the rapid development of Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA), more and more enterprise applications are built on the Enterprise Services Bus (ESB). However, ESB would not be able to deal with the exchange of data among multiple ESBs. In this paper, we propose an Enterprise Cloud Bus (ECB) framework that combines the WS-Notification with cloud computing. On the basis of WS-Notification specification and cloud queue model, we design and implement the Subscribe Request Queue cloud service model that supports real-time communication among distributed ESB, and supports running non-Service components or composition services deployed on distributed ESB or in different business process. On the basis of cloud platform, our framework shows better scalability and reliability.
随着面向服务的体系结构(SOA)的快速发展,越来越多的企业应用程序构建在企业服务总线(ESB)上。但是,ESB将无法处理多个ESB之间的数据交换。本文提出了一种将WS-Notification与云计算相结合的企业云总线(ECB)框架。基于WS-Notification规范和云队列模型,设计并实现了订阅请求队列云服务模型,该模型支持分布式ESB之间的实时通信,并支持运行部署在分布式ESB上或不同业务流程中的非service组件或组合服务。基于云平台,我们的框架具有更好的可扩展性和可靠性。
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引用次数: 5
A Physical and Virtual Compute Cluster Resource Load Balancing Approach to Data-Parallel Scientific Workflow Scheduling 数据并行科学工作流调度的物理和虚拟计算集群资源负载均衡方法
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.50
Jianwu Wang, P. Korambath, I. Altintas
To execute workflows on a compute cluster resource, workflow engines can work with cluster resource manager software to distribute jobs into compute nodes on the cluster. We discuss how to interact with traditional Oracle Grid Engine and recent Hadoop cluster resource managers using a dataflow-based scheduling approach to balance compute resource load for data-parallel workflow execution. Our experiments show that: 1) The presented approach can balance computational resource load well by interacting with the resource managers and provides good execution performance on both physical and virtual clusters, 2) Oracle Grid Engine outperforms Hadoop for CPU-intensive applications on small-scale clusters.
要在计算集群资源上执行工作流,工作流引擎可以与集群资源管理器软件一起工作,将作业分发到集群上的计算节点。我们讨论了如何使用基于数据流的调度方法与传统的Oracle Grid Engine和最近的Hadoop集群资源管理器进行交互,以平衡数据并行工作流执行的计算资源负载。实验结果表明:1)该方法通过与资源管理器的交互,可以很好地平衡计算资源负载,在物理集群和虚拟集群上都提供了良好的执行性能;2)Oracle Grid Engine在小规模集群上对于cpu密集型应用的性能优于Hadoop。
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引用次数: 13
Scaling-Up Item-Based Collaborative Filtering Recommendation Algorithm Based on Hadoop 基于Hadoop的规模化项目协同过滤推荐算法
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.66
Jing Jiang, Jie Lu, Guangquan Zhang, Guodong Long
Collaborative filtering (CF) techniques have achieved widespread success in E-commerce nowadays. The tremendous growth of the number of customers and products in recent years poses some key challenges for recommender systems in which high quality recommendations are required and more recommendations per second for millions of customers and products need to be performed. Thus, the improvement of scalability and efficiency of collaborative filtering (CF) algorithms become increasingly important and difficult. In this paper, we developed and implemented a scaling-up item-based collaborative filtering algorithm on MapReduce, by splitting the three most costly computations in the proposed algorithm into four Map-Reduce phases, each of which can be independently executed on different nodes in parallel. We also proposed efficient partition strategies not only to enable the parallel computation in each Map-Reduce phase but also to maximize data locality to minimize the communication cost. Experimental results effectively showed the good performance in scalability and efficiency of the item-based CF algorithm on a Hadoop cluster.
协同过滤(CF)技术在当今电子商务中取得了广泛的成功。近年来客户和产品数量的巨大增长对推荐系统提出了一些关键挑战,其中需要高质量的推荐,并且需要对数百万客户和产品进行每秒更多的推荐。因此,提高协同过滤(CF)算法的可扩展性和效率变得越来越重要和困难。在本文中,我们开发并实现了一种基于缩放项的MapReduce协同过滤算法,通过将算法中三个最昂贵的计算分为四个Map-Reduce阶段,每个阶段都可以在不同的节点上独立并行执行。我们还提出了有效的分区策略,不仅可以实现每个Map-Reduce阶段的并行计算,而且可以最大化数据的局部性以最小化通信开销。实验结果表明,基于项目的CF算法在Hadoop集群上具有良好的可扩展性和高效性。
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引用次数: 99
Web Service Composition Using Service Suggestions 使用服务建议的Web服务组合
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.67
Rui Wang, Chaitanya Guttula, M. Panahiazar, Haseeb Yousaf, J. Miller, Eileen T. Kraemer, J. Kissinger
This paper presents a semi-automatic Web service composition approach. This approach ranks all available candidate Web service operations based on semantic annotations and suggests service operations to a human designer during the process of Web service composition. The ranking scores are based on data mediation, functionality and formal service specifications. A formal graph model, an IODAG, is defined to formalize an input/output schema of a Web service operation. Three data mediation algorithms are developed to handle the data heterogeneities arising during Web service composition. The data mediation algorithms analyze the schemas of the inputs and outputs of service operations and consider the structures of the schemas. A typed representation for our data mediation approach, which formalizes the data mediation problem as a subtype-checking problem, is presented. An evaluation is performed to study the effectiveness of different data mediation and service suggestion algorithms used to assist designers composing Web services.
本文提出了一种半自动的Web服务组合方法。这种方法根据语义注释对所有可用的候选Web服务操作进行排序,并在Web服务组合过程中向人工设计人员建议服务操作。排名分数基于数据中介、功能和正式服务规范。正式的图形模型(IODAG)被定义为形式化Web服务操作的输入/输出模式。开发了三种数据中介算法来处理Web服务组合过程中产生的数据异构性。数据中介算法分析服务操作的输入和输出的模式,并考虑模式的结构。本文给出了数据中介方法的类型化表示,它将数据中介问题形式化为子类型检查问题。本文对不同数据中介和服务建议算法的有效性进行了评估,以帮助设计人员组合Web服务。
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引用次数: 11
Improving Organizational Password Policy Compliance via Open Source Tools 通过开源工具改进组织密码策略合规性
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.65
C. Frenz
This study demonstrated two open source applications that can readily be customized and used by organizations to improve compliance with password policies and to ensure the quality of passwords within organizations. The tools address both ends of the password spectrum, in that one tool consists of CGI server code used to generate secure random passwords, while the other tool exemplifies techniques that can be used within a password complexity filter to ensure password quality and compliance with organizational policies.
本研究演示了两个开源应用程序,它们可以很容易地被组织定制和使用,以提高对密码策略的遵从性,并确保组织内的密码质量。这些工具解决了密码范围的两端,其中一个工具包含用于生成安全随机密码的CGI服务器代码,而另一个工具举例说明了可以在密码复杂性过滤器中使用的技术,以确保密码质量并符合组织策略。
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引用次数: 1
A Model for Dynamic Services Discovery over Largely Distributed Providers Based on QoS and Business Processes Contexts 基于QoS和业务流程上下文的分布式提供者动态服务发现模型
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.63
Alexandre Perin-Souza, R. Rabelo
This paper addresses the problem of BPM and SOA integration presenting a model of dynamic discovery of services as an approach to improve the agility of SOA-based applications. Many researches have tackled the discovery problem. However, in general they fail in discovering the most suitable service regarding business processes needs. The main contribution of this work is to offer a comprehensive, integrated, open and standard-based environment which considers functional and non-functional requirements besides business processes' contexts. The discovery acts over largely distributed service providers over the Internet (published in several UDDIs) making use of proper QoS and UBL ontologies and accessed under the SaaS model. An electronic catalog is also developed to assist the SOA designer to better capture business processes requirements and contexts.
本文解决了BPM和SOA集成的问题,提出了一个动态发现服务的模型,作为一种提高基于SOA的应用程序敏捷性的方法。许多研究已经解决了发现问题。然而,它们通常无法发现与业务流程需求相关的最合适的服务。这项工作的主要贡献是提供了一个全面的、集成的、开放的和基于标准的环境,该环境除了考虑业务流程上下文之外,还考虑了功能和非功能需求。发现通过Internet(在几个uddi中发布)上的大部分分布式服务提供者进行,使用适当的QoS和UBL本体,并在SaaS模型下进行访问。还开发了一个电子目录,以帮助SOA设计人员更好地捕获业务流程需求和上下文。
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引用次数: 5
A Genetic Algorithm Based Approach to Service Identification 基于遗传算法的服务识别方法
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.40
A. Kazemi, A. Rostampour, Pooyan Jamshidi, E. Nazemi, F. S. Aliee, A. N. Azizkandi
One of the key activities in service-oriented solution development is the identification of services according to a set of predefined design principles. Existing service identification approaches are often prescriptive and based on the architect's experience, therefore might lead to non-optimal designs which results in lower performance, reduced scalability, and complicated dependencies between services. In this paper, an automated method for identifying business services has been proposed by adopting design metrics based on top-down decomposition of processes. This method takes a set of enterprise business processes as input and produces a set of non-dominated solutions representing appropriate business services using a multi-objective genetic algorithm. The method has been realized in form of a tool implementation and a case study has been conducted to show its applicability.
面向服务的解决方案开发中的关键活动之一是根据一组预定义的设计原则识别服务。现有的服务标识方法通常是说明性的,并且基于架构师的经验,因此可能导致非最佳设计,从而导致较低的性能、降低的可伸缩性和服务之间复杂的依赖关系。在本文中,通过采用基于自顶向下流程分解的设计度量,提出了一种自动识别业务服务的方法。该方法将一组企业业务流程作为输入,并使用多目标遗传算法生成一组表示适当业务服务的非主导解决方案。该方法已以工具实现的形式实现,并进行了案例研究以证明其适用性。
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引用次数: 15
Healing Web-Based Services on Cloud Using Strategies 修复基于云的服务使用策略
Pub Date : 2011-07-04 DOI: 10.1109/SERVICES.2011.23
M. Lachat, Y. Liu, Anna Liu
Exceptions cause temporal failures of Web-based systems to deliver continuous and responsive end-to-end services. On cloud platforms, resource provisioning and administration become less explicit, which entails techniques that can act on exceptions according to known strategies. In this paper, we propose a middleware-based approach that encompasses a healing process that links available strategies to exceptions. Our solution is implemented as an embedded middleware called Exception Healing Manager (EHM). The EHM ensures non-intrusive service recovery and improves overall service response time. This approach is demonstrated by a loan broker service running on Amazon EC2.
异常会导致基于web的系统暂时失败,无法交付连续的响应性端到端服务。在云平台上,资源供应和管理变得不那么明确,这需要根据已知策略对异常采取行动的技术。在本文中,我们提出了一种基于中间件的方法,它包含了一个将可用策略与异常联系起来的修复过程。我们的解决方案是作为称为异常修复管理器(EHM)的嵌入式中间件实现的。EHM可确保非侵入式服务恢复,并提高整体服务响应时间。在Amazon EC2上运行的贷款代理服务演示了这种方法。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2011 IEEE World Congress on Services
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