Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956485
J. Vroom, Y. Bağci
This edited volume pays homage to the French Byzantinist Jean Michel Spieser, who has made a major contribution to Late Antique and Byzantine art history and archaeology over the past decades. The ...
{"title":"The Material and the Ideal: Essays in Medieval Art and Archaeology in Honour of Jean-Michel Spieser","authors":"J. Vroom, Y. Bağci","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956485","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956485","url":null,"abstract":"This edited volume pays homage to the French Byzantinist Jean Michel Spieser, who has made a major contribution to Late Antique and Byzantine art history and archaeology over the past decades. The ...","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85166634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956474
Martin Borýsek
Abstract Takkanot Kandiyah is a collection of Hebrew-written legislative texts regarding the leadership of the Jewish community of Candia, the capital of the Venetian colony of Crete, which were issued by successive generations of communal leaders between the early thirteenth and late sixteenth centuries. The detailed information it provides on many areas of the communal life makes Takkanot Kandiyah a valuable source for historical research into Jewish life in the medieval and Early Modern Mediterranean. Through a study of the texts contained in Takkanot Kandiyah, this article attempts to identify and analyse the ways in which the leadership of the Candiot community responded to the challenges of coexistence with the Greek inhabitants of Crete and the Venetian rulers of the island, as well as with the Jewish immigrants whom the currents of history brought to Crete from various corners of the Mediterranean, and thus to examine the importance of the “Mediterranean dimension” of the life of Cretan Jewry.
{"title":"The Jews of Venetian Candia: The Challenges of External Influences and Internal Diversity as Reflected in Takkanot Kandiyah*","authors":"Martin Borýsek","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956474","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956474","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Takkanot Kandiyah is a collection of Hebrew-written legislative texts regarding the leadership of the Jewish community of Candia, the capital of the Venetian colony of Crete, which were issued by successive generations of communal leaders between the early thirteenth and late sixteenth centuries. The detailed information it provides on many areas of the communal life makes Takkanot Kandiyah a valuable source for historical research into Jewish life in the medieval and Early Modern Mediterranean. Through a study of the texts contained in Takkanot Kandiyah, this article attempts to identify and analyse the ways in which the leadership of the Candiot community responded to the challenges of coexistence with the Greek inhabitants of Crete and the Venetian rulers of the island, as well as with the Jewish immigrants whom the currents of history brought to Crete from various corners of the Mediterranean, and thus to examine the importance of the “Mediterranean dimension” of the life of Cretan Jewry.","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90252524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.969067
Rachid El Hour
Abstract The Berber language has historically been a key element in the socio-cultural and ethnic fabric of the Maghrib. Consequently, in recent years there have been several initiatives to recover and interpret the information Arabic sources provide on the Berber language and the role played by Berber peoples in the consolidation of Islam in this area. Studies of the Berber language and peoples have primarily centred on chronicles and geographical sources, but scholars have devoted less attention to other sources, especially hagiographies. With the exception of some specific work, the role of the Berber language and peoples in hagiographic literature has not been systematically analysed. The analysis presented in this article suggests that some hagiographic sources, especially those written by Berber authors, while avoiding an open defence of Berber identity, in fact hid it behind comments and quotes of a linguistic nature. This study, although it includes some additional references to the Mārinid, Waṭṭāsid and Saʿdid periods, concentrates on the Almohads, and deals with written sources, both Andalusi and Maghribi.
{"title":"Some Reflections about the Use of the Berber Language in the Medieval and Early Modern Maghrib: Data from Hagiographic Sources1","authors":"Rachid El Hour","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.969067","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.969067","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The Berber language has historically been a key element in the socio-cultural and ethnic fabric of the Maghrib. Consequently, in recent years there have been several initiatives to recover and interpret the information Arabic sources provide on the Berber language and the role played by Berber peoples in the consolidation of Islam in this area. Studies of the Berber language and peoples have primarily centred on chronicles and geographical sources, but scholars have devoted less attention to other sources, especially hagiographies. With the exception of some specific work, the role of the Berber language and peoples in hagiographic literature has not been systematically analysed. The analysis presented in this article suggests that some hagiographic sources, especially those written by Berber authors, while avoiding an open defence of Berber identity, in fact hid it behind comments and quotes of a linguistic nature. This study, although it includes some additional references to the Mārinid, Waṭṭāsid and Saʿdid periods, concentrates on the Almohads, and deals with written sources, both Andalusi and Maghribi.","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/09503110.2014.969067","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72541326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956476
A. Peacock
Abstract This article examines the frontier between the Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and its Byzantine neighbours in the thirteenth century, concentrating on the place of these frontier districts within the Seljuk state. Scholarship on the frontier, influenced by the ideas of Paul Wittek, has seen it as something of a “no man's land”, politically, economically, culturally and religiously distinct from the urban heartland of the Seljuk sultanate in central Anatolia, dominated by the nomadic Turks, the Turkmen, who operated largely beyond sultanic control. It is often thought that the Seljuk and Greek sides of the border shared more in common with each other than they did with the states of which they formed a part. In contrast, this article argues that in fact the western frontier regions were closely integrated into the Seljuk sultanate. Furthermore, with the Mongol domination of the Seljuk sultanate in the second half of the thirteenth century, the Seljuk and Mongol elites became increasingly involved in this frontier region, where some of the leading figures of the sultanate had estates and endowments.
{"title":"The Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and the Turkmen of the Byzantine frontier, 1206–1279**","authors":"A. Peacock","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956476","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956476","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article examines the frontier between the Seljuk Sultanate of Rūm and its Byzantine neighbours in the thirteenth century, concentrating on the place of these frontier districts within the Seljuk state. Scholarship on the frontier, influenced by the ideas of Paul Wittek, has seen it as something of a “no man's land”, politically, economically, culturally and religiously distinct from the urban heartland of the Seljuk sultanate in central Anatolia, dominated by the nomadic Turks, the Turkmen, who operated largely beyond sultanic control. It is often thought that the Seljuk and Greek sides of the border shared more in common with each other than they did with the states of which they formed a part. In contrast, this article argues that in fact the western frontier regions were closely integrated into the Seljuk sultanate. Furthermore, with the Mongol domination of the Seljuk sultanate in the second half of the thirteenth century, the Seljuk and Mongol elites became increasingly involved in this frontier region, where some of the leading figures of the sultanate had estates and endowments.","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74467151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956491
Nicholas Morton
The introduction of the inquisition (miḥna) by the Caliph al-Maʾmūn in 218/833 has attracted a great deal attention from historians and has frequently been characterised as a fundamental stage in t...
在218/833年，哈里发al-Ma - al- mail mūn引入了宗教裁判所(miḥna)，这引起了历史学家的极大关注，并经常被描述为伊斯兰历史的一个基本阶段。
{"title":"Inquisition in Early Islam: The Competition for Political and Religious Authority in the Abbasid Empire","authors":"Nicholas Morton","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956491","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956491","url":null,"abstract":"The introduction of the inquisition (miḥna) by the Caliph al-Maʾmūn in 218/833 has attracted a great deal attention from historians and has frequently been characterised as a fundamental stage in t...","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77655009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956478
A. Montel
Mittwoch / Mercredi / Wednesday, 20.01.2010 14:00 Einführung / Introduction 14:15 FRANCEMED (Paris): Présentation du groupe de recherche 14:45 ELISABETH RUCHAUD (Paris) : Les pèlerins chrétiens vers Jérusalem 15:15 YANN DEJUGNAT (Paris) : Juda Halévi, un poète juif à la croisée d'une culture islamique du voyage 15:45 Kaffeepause / Pause café / Coffee break 16:15 SONJA BRENTJES (Sevilla): Who Participated in Transferring Knowledge Across the Medieval Mediterranean? The Example of Maps 16:45 JEAN-CHARLES DUCÈNE (Bruxelles): Les sources et acteurs de la connaissance de l’Europe chez les auteurs arabes 17:15 Kaffeepause / Pause café / Coffee break 17:45 JULIETTE SIBON (Albi) : Echanges de pratiques et de savoirs entre médecins juifs et chrétiens à Marseille au XIV siècle 18:15 RAPHAELA VEIT (Tübingen) : Transferts scientifiques entre Orient et Occident: Centres et acteurs en Italie médiévale dans le contexte de la médecine (XIe-XVe s.)
Mittwoch星期三/星期三,20.01.2010 14:00 Einführung / Introduction尽可能灵活FRANCEMED研究集团(巴黎):介绍14:45 ELISABETH RUCHAUD(巴黎):基督教朝圣者前往耶路撒冷8:57 YANN DEJUGNAT(巴黎):来临Halévi犹太诗人航次伊斯兰文化的交汇15:45 Kaffeepause /咖啡咖啡店休息15分(SONJA BRENTJES Sevilla): Who .该科Transferring Knowledge in the Medieval跨越地中海?Maps 16:45 jean - charles DUCÈNE例》(布鲁塞尔)来源:作者和演员身上了解欧洲阿拉伯星期四Kaffeepause咖啡咖啡旅行车/ 45 /朱丽叶SIBON (Albi):医生之间交流知识和实践十四世纪的犹太教和基督教的马赛星期三RAPHAELA VEIT (tubingen):东方和西方之间的科技转移中心和演员在意大利中世纪医学背景(XIe-XVe s。)
{"title":"Acteurs des transferts culturels en Méditerranée médiévale","authors":"A. Montel","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956478","url":null,"abstract":"Mittwoch / Mercredi / Wednesday, 20.01.2010 14:00 Einführung / Introduction 14:15 FRANCEMED (Paris): Présentation du groupe de recherche 14:45 ELISABETH RUCHAUD (Paris) : Les pèlerins chrétiens vers Jérusalem 15:15 YANN DEJUGNAT (Paris) : Juda Halévi, un poète juif à la croisée d'une culture islamique du voyage 15:45 Kaffeepause / Pause café / Coffee break 16:15 SONJA BRENTJES (Sevilla): Who Participated in Transferring Knowledge Across the Medieval Mediterranean? The Example of Maps 16:45 JEAN-CHARLES DUCÈNE (Bruxelles): Les sources et acteurs de la connaissance de l’Europe chez les auteurs arabes 17:15 Kaffeepause / Pause café / Coffee break 17:45 JULIETTE SIBON (Albi) : Echanges de pratiques et de savoirs entre médecins juifs et chrétiens à Marseille au XIV siècle 18:15 RAPHAELA VEIT (Tübingen) : Transferts scientifiques entre Orient et Occident: Centres et acteurs en Italie médiévale dans le contexte de la médecine (XIe-XVe s.)","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81105335","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956489
A. Mallett
{"title":"Conquérir et gouverner la Sicile islamique aux XIe et XIIe siècles","authors":"A. Mallett","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956489","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956489","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88446123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.969068
Nader Masarwah, Abdallah Tarabieh
Abstract While a great many studies have dealt with medieval poetry, they have failed to discuss the poetry of longing (ḥanīn) as a separate genre, independent of other genres, especially elegies (in particular poems that lament the fate of cities) and poems of salvation and lament. Nor has any study so far undertaken a comparison between works of this genre by Muslim and by Jewish poets. In this article, we shall discuss the growth of the poetry of longing in Muslim Spain and provide a number of examples of verses composed by Muslim and Jewish poets who were born in the cities of Andalusia and shared a common fate: many of them were persecuted for a variety of reasons and forced into a life of wandering and exile, and suffered banishment, imprisonment and torture. The ways they expressed their longing for their native cities possessed similarities but also differences, depending on the way each such poet perceived the land of the west and the scenes of his native city. The differences were particularly marked with respect to the way Jewish poets viewed the cities in which they had been born.
{"title":"Longing for Granada in Medieval Arabic and Hebrew Poetry1","authors":"Nader Masarwah, Abdallah Tarabieh","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.969068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.969068","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract While a great many studies have dealt with medieval poetry, they have failed to discuss the poetry of longing (ḥanīn) as a separate genre, independent of other genres, especially elegies (in particular poems that lament the fate of cities) and poems of salvation and lament. Nor has any study so far undertaken a comparison between works of this genre by Muslim and by Jewish poets. In this article, we shall discuss the growth of the poetry of longing in Muslim Spain and provide a number of examples of verses composed by Muslim and Jewish poets who were born in the cities of Andalusia and shared a common fate: many of them were persecuted for a variety of reasons and forced into a life of wandering and exile, and suffered banishment, imprisonment and torture. The ways they expressed their longing for their native cities possessed similarities but also differences, depending on the way each such poet perceived the land of the west and the scenes of his native city. The differences were particularly marked with respect to the way Jewish poets viewed the cities in which they had been born.","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86104812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-09-02DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.956479
J. Wood
{"title":"The Islamic Villa in Early Medieval Iberia: Architecture and Court Culture in Umayyad Córdoba","authors":"J. Wood","doi":"10.1080/09503110.2014.956479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/09503110.2014.956479","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":42974,"journal":{"name":"Al-Masaq-Journal of the Medieval Mediterranean","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2014-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80722070","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2014-05-04DOI: 10.1080/09503110.2014.915102
Mathieu Tillier
Abstract As Joseph Schacht argued in the 1950s, the office of qāḍī began in the Umayyad period as that of a “legal secretary” to provincial governors. Documentary evidence from Egypt confirms that governors were indeed regarded as the highest judicial authority in early Islam, and that their legal powers far surpassed that of any other judge. In large cities, governors appointed and dismissed qāḍīs at will; decisions taken by qāḍīs could be swiftly overruled by political authorities. Although the ʿAbbāsids reformed and centralised the judiciary in the second half of second/eighth century, qāḍīs were still subordinate to reigning rulers and unable to impose judgements that displeased the caliph or his main representatives. The increasing political and social influence of scholars and the development of classical schools of law eventually changed this situation. Relying on a body of both narrative and legal literature, this article addresses the qāḍīs' attempts to resist political rulers' interference with the judiciary by asserting themselves as true representatives of the sharīʿa. It argues that Ḥanafī legal literature, dating from the third/ninth and fourth/tenth centuries, gradually elaborated a theory on the relationship between the qāḍī and the ruler. This theory was instrumental in doing away with political infringement on the judicial prerogative and was soon incorporated into adab literature, whose stories of rulers entirely subjugated to the rule of law became a new political model.
Joseph Schacht在20世纪50年代认为，qāḍī办公室始于倭马亚时期，是各省总督的“法律秘书”。来自埃及的文献证据证实，在早期的伊斯兰教中，总督确实被视为最高的司法权威，他们的法律权力远远超过任何其他法官。在大城市，州长任免qāḍīs随意;qāḍīs做出的决定可能很快被政治当局推翻。虽然在二/八世纪下半叶，Abbāsids改革并集中了司法制度，但qāḍīs仍然服从于统治者，无法强加令哈里发或其主要代表不满的判决。学者的政治和社会影响力的增强以及古典法学流派的发展最终改变了这种状况。本文以叙述性文献和法律文献为基础，论述了qāḍīs“试图通过宣称自己是沙尔尼的真正代表来抵制政治统治者对司法的干预”。它认为Ḥanafī法律文献，可以追溯到3 / 9世纪和4 / 10世纪，逐渐阐述了qāḍī与统治者之间关系的理论。这一理论有助于消除对司法特权的政治侵犯，并很快被纳入阿达布文学，其统治者完全屈服于法治的故事成为一种新的政治模式。
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