Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798382
S. Sameer, Ratnam V. Raja Kumar
We propose a null subcarrier based carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation technique for the uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication system. Here each user may experience a different CFO relative to the base station. This results in a multiple parameter estimation problem. The estimation is done by minimizing a cost function that computes the energy in null subcarrier locations due to the impact of frequency offset. The computational complexity and training overhead of the proposed technique are much lower as compared to some of the existing schemes in the literature. The mean square error of the CFO estimator and bit error rate performance of the OFDMA receiver that employs the proposed estimation scheme are studied through computer simulations. Our algorithm is shown to achieve a comparable performance as that of a recently reported method but with a much lower computational complexity and bandwidth overhead.
{"title":"An Efficient Maximum Likelihood CFO Estimation Technique for OFDMA Uplink Transmissions","authors":"S. Sameer, Ratnam V. Raja Kumar","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798382","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798382","url":null,"abstract":"We propose a null subcarrier based carrier frequency offset (CFO) estimation technique for the uplink orthogonal frequency division multiple access (OFDMA) communication system. Here each user may experience a different CFO relative to the base station. This results in a multiple parameter estimation problem. The estimation is done by minimizing a cost function that computes the energy in null subcarrier locations due to the impact of frequency offset. The computational complexity and training overhead of the proposed technique are much lower as compared to some of the existing schemes in the literature. The mean square error of the CFO estimator and bit error rate performance of the OFDMA receiver that employs the proposed estimation scheme are studied through computer simulations. Our algorithm is shown to achieve a comparable performance as that of a recently reported method but with a much lower computational complexity and bandwidth overhead.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121506569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798345
N. Jonnakuti, S. Kar, N. Kishore, V. Srinivas
Design and development of a rectangular current pulse generator is presented. The generator produces 15 ms wide, 100 A amplitude unipolar pulses into an 8 Omega load. Pulses with duration of 10-20 ms are essential for the development of compacts of the nanomaterial samples while avoiding grain growth on the samples dominant at long pulses. The pulses are produced by discharging the charged artificial transmission line into the load impedance equal to the surge impedance of the transmission line. These pulses obtained are applied for sintering of samples like aluminum and graphite.
{"title":"Development of Rectangular Current Pulse Generator for Sintering of Nanomaterials","authors":"N. Jonnakuti, S. Kar, N. Kishore, V. Srinivas","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798345","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798345","url":null,"abstract":"Design and development of a rectangular current pulse generator is presented. The generator produces 15 ms wide, 100 A amplitude unipolar pulses into an 8 Omega load. Pulses with duration of 10-20 ms are essential for the development of compacts of the nanomaterial samples while avoiding grain growth on the samples dominant at long pulses. The pulses are produced by discharging the charged artificial transmission line into the load impedance equal to the surge impedance of the transmission line. These pulses obtained are applied for sintering of samples like aluminum and graphite.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121694376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798442
J. Bhaumik, Balaji Janakiram, D. R. Chowdhury
Cellular Automata (CA) is a novel approach for designing byte error-correcting codes. The regular, modular and cascaded structure of CA can be economically built with VLSI technology. In this correspondence, a modular architecture of CA based (32, 28) byte error correcting encoder and decoder has been proposed. The design is capable of locating and correcting all double byte errors. CA-based implementation of the proposed decoding scheme provides a simple cost effective solution compared to the existing decoding scheme for the Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder, having double error correcting capability.
{"title":"Architectural Design of CA-Based Double Byte Error Correcting Codec","authors":"J. Bhaumik, Balaji Janakiram, D. R. Chowdhury","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798442","url":null,"abstract":"Cellular Automata (CA) is a novel approach for designing byte error-correcting codes. The regular, modular and cascaded structure of CA can be economically built with VLSI technology. In this correspondence, a modular architecture of CA based (32, 28) byte error correcting encoder and decoder has been proposed. The design is capable of locating and correcting all double byte errors. CA-based implementation of the proposed decoding scheme provides a simple cost effective solution compared to the existing decoding scheme for the Reed-Solomon (RS) decoder, having double error correcting capability.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"32 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122737762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798452
B. Pal, Shyamal Sen
This article describes a goal programming (GP) procedure for proper allocation of teaching personnel to the teaching departments for smooth functioning of the academic activities of a university. In the academic resource planning context, both the crisp and fuzzy goal objectives which are frequently involved with the problem are discussed. Again, certain ratios in the fractional forms which are inherently associated to the problem are also taken into consideration. In the model formulation, achievement of the highest membership value (unity) of the membership functions of the defined fuzzy goal as well as attainment of the prescribed goal levels of the crisp goals to the extent possible are considered. In the solution process, the fractional goals are transformed into the linear goals by using the linear transformation approach studied previously. A case study of University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India is considered to expound the potential use of the proposed model.
{"title":"A Linear Goal Programming Procedure for Academic Personel Management Problems in University System","authors":"B. Pal, Shyamal Sen","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798452","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798452","url":null,"abstract":"This article describes a goal programming (GP) procedure for proper allocation of teaching personnel to the teaching departments for smooth functioning of the academic activities of a university. In the academic resource planning context, both the crisp and fuzzy goal objectives which are frequently involved with the problem are discussed. Again, certain ratios in the fractional forms which are inherently associated to the problem are also taken into consideration. In the model formulation, achievement of the highest membership value (unity) of the membership functions of the defined fuzzy goal as well as attainment of the prescribed goal levels of the crisp goals to the extent possible are considered. In the solution process, the fractional goals are transformed into the linear goals by using the linear transformation approach studied previously. A case study of University of Kalyani, West Bengal, India is considered to expound the potential use of the proposed model.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129893191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798439
Sowmyanarayanan Krishnakumar, S. Hoole
First order optimization methods, while being powerful and rapidly convergent, suffer from the fact that as the descriptive geometric parameters change from iteration to iteration, corresponding to these new geometries, new meshes need to be implemented. Correspondingly the new topologies of the meshes introduce non-physical jumps in the object function. These jumps are seen as physical minima by the optimization algorithm and slow down and even prevent the identification of the true global minimum. Different starting points have been used with some amelioration but there has been no satisfactory solution to this problem. To overcome this problem, a special mesh generator has been introduced earlier. This generator allows us to move a node which is tied directly to a parameter without changing connectivity of nodes in the mesh topology. This procedure yields C1 continuity of the object functions. Thus, gradient optimization methods can be efficiently used for shape optimization problems. In this paper, the scheme is implemented optimizing the shape of magnetic pole contour with important implications for the problem and the accuracy of its solutions.
{"title":"Optimizing Shape Design of Magnetic Pole Contour using a Special Mesh Generator","authors":"Sowmyanarayanan Krishnakumar, S. Hoole","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798439","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798439","url":null,"abstract":"First order optimization methods, while being powerful and rapidly convergent, suffer from the fact that as the descriptive geometric parameters change from iteration to iteration, corresponding to these new geometries, new meshes need to be implemented. Correspondingly the new topologies of the meshes introduce non-physical jumps in the object function. These jumps are seen as physical minima by the optimization algorithm and slow down and even prevent the identification of the true global minimum. Different starting points have been used with some amelioration but there has been no satisfactory solution to this problem. To overcome this problem, a special mesh generator has been introduced earlier. This generator allows us to move a node which is tied directly to a parameter without changing connectivity of nodes in the mesh topology. This procedure yields C1 continuity of the object functions. Thus, gradient optimization methods can be efficiently used for shape optimization problems. In this paper, the scheme is implemented optimizing the shape of magnetic pole contour with important implications for the problem and the accuracy of its solutions.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130485116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798408
P. Pathak, R. Merzouki, A. Samantaray, B. O. Bouamama
This article concerns reconfiguration of an autonomous vehicle, called RobuCar, with four independently driven wheels and two independently adjustable steering angles. A bond graph model of the system is constructed for generating the Analytical Redundancy Relations (ARRs) which are evaluated with actual measurements to generate residuals and to perform structural fault isolation. Once the fault list is updated in the equipment availability database, an automaton selects the next best option to reconfigure the system such that the given control objectives are achieved. The developed methodology is validated by considering two different fault scenarios.
{"title":"Reconfiguration of Directional Handling of an Autonomous Vehicle","authors":"P. Pathak, R. Merzouki, A. Samantaray, B. O. Bouamama","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798408","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798408","url":null,"abstract":"This article concerns reconfiguration of an autonomous vehicle, called RobuCar, with four independently driven wheels and two independently adjustable steering angles. A bond graph model of the system is constructed for generating the Analytical Redundancy Relations (ARRs) which are evaluated with actual measurements to generate residuals and to perform structural fault isolation. Once the fault list is updated in the equipment availability database, an automaton selects the next best option to reconfigure the system such that the given control objectives are achieved. The developed methodology is validated by considering two different fault scenarios.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126391515","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798403
Santi Sankar Chowdhury, B. Tudu, R. Bandyopadhyay, N. Bhattacharyya
A portable electronic nose system has been developed with an array of five commercially available Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors, where a microcontroller (muc) is used for the pattern recognition. The classification of black tea aroma is carried out in the muc (PIC18F4520) and is based on feed forward multilayer perceptron (FF-MLP) algorithm. With the samples collected from the different gardens of north-east and eastern India, the MLP is trained first using the back-propagation algorithm with the fingerprint from the sensor array and the corresponding tea tasters' mark in a PC to obtain the optimum architecture and weights and biases of the neurons. Once it is trained, the computed weights and biases of the neurons are programmed in the muc and it then becomes a portable instrument, which gives the aroma index directly for new unknown tea samples. It is observed from the results that the performance of the muc-based electronic nose is at par with that of the PC-based electronic nose system when compared with unknown finished black tea samples.
{"title":"Portable Electronic Nose System for Aroma Classification of Black Tea","authors":"Santi Sankar Chowdhury, B. Tudu, R. Bandyopadhyay, N. Bhattacharyya","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798403","url":null,"abstract":"A portable electronic nose system has been developed with an array of five commercially available Metal Oxide Semiconductor (MOS) sensors, where a microcontroller (muc) is used for the pattern recognition. The classification of black tea aroma is carried out in the muc (PIC18F4520) and is based on feed forward multilayer perceptron (FF-MLP) algorithm. With the samples collected from the different gardens of north-east and eastern India, the MLP is trained first using the back-propagation algorithm with the fingerprint from the sensor array and the corresponding tea tasters' mark in a PC to obtain the optimum architecture and weights and biases of the neurons. Once it is trained, the computed weights and biases of the neurons are programmed in the muc and it then becomes a portable instrument, which gives the aroma index directly for new unknown tea samples. It is observed from the results that the performance of the muc-based electronic nose is at par with that of the PC-based electronic nose system when compared with unknown finished black tea samples.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127086325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798479
V. Mummadi
A boost converter based maximum power point tracking for the non-linear photovoltaic sources is proposed in this paper. As the v-i characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) source exhibiting non-linear variation with solar insolation continuous tracking of maximum power is mandatory in order to have high overall conversion efficiency. As the tracking time depends on the type of methodology employed, optimized perturbation quantity must be used, otherwise power tracking takes long time resulting in sub-optimal operation of the PV system. In this paper a variable incremental duty ratio algorithm is proposed to reduce the tracking time and to improve the tracking performance. In this algorithm the duty ratio is high at beginning of the disturbance and it follows a geometric progression in the subsequent iterations. Proposed concept is verified experimentally and also compared with the conventional perturb and observation method.
{"title":"Maximum Power Point Tracking Algorithm For Non-Linear DC Sources","authors":"V. Mummadi","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798479","url":null,"abstract":"A boost converter based maximum power point tracking for the non-linear photovoltaic sources is proposed in this paper. As the v-i characteristic of the photovoltaic (PV) source exhibiting non-linear variation with solar insolation continuous tracking of maximum power is mandatory in order to have high overall conversion efficiency. As the tracking time depends on the type of methodology employed, optimized perturbation quantity must be used, otherwise power tracking takes long time resulting in sub-optimal operation of the PV system. In this paper a variable incremental duty ratio algorithm is proposed to reduce the tracking time and to improve the tracking performance. In this algorithm the duty ratio is high at beginning of the disturbance and it follows a geometric progression in the subsequent iterations. Proposed concept is verified experimentally and also compared with the conventional perturb and observation method.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"75 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127233554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798336
Falguni Raval, V. Dwivedi, Y. Kosta, Jagruti Makwana
This paper presents the design of a uniplanar 3-dB hybrid coupler for microwave integrated circuits (MIC) and monolithic MIC (MMIC) applications. The same was developed and tested experimentally using a network analyzer in Sumeru Microwave Communication Lab. Its design and application issues have been widely discussed here with some standard data and graphs. The experimental results for the standard 1.5 lambda circumference uniplanar 180deg hybrid-ring coupler has been found in the standard accuracy range of 3.2 plusmn 0.4 dB coupling, isolation found is greater than 30-dB and the return loss better than 18.2-dB over a 2% bandwidth centered at 1.46 GHz. Also the experimental insertion loss found for this passive component is 0.5 dB at 1.46 GHz. The same has been concluded with its futuristic perspectives for research aspirants and microwave engineers.
{"title":"Design and Development of a Uniplanar a 3-dB Hybrid Coupler for Microwave Integrated Circuit Applications","authors":"Falguni Raval, V. Dwivedi, Y. Kosta, Jagruti Makwana","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798336","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798336","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a uniplanar 3-dB hybrid coupler for microwave integrated circuits (MIC) and monolithic MIC (MMIC) applications. The same was developed and tested experimentally using a network analyzer in Sumeru Microwave Communication Lab. Its design and application issues have been widely discussed here with some standard data and graphs. The experimental results for the standard 1.5 lambda circumference uniplanar 180deg hybrid-ring coupler has been found in the standard accuracy range of 3.2 plusmn 0.4 dB coupling, isolation found is greater than 30-dB and the return loss better than 18.2-dB over a 2% bandwidth centered at 1.46 GHz. Also the experimental insertion loss found for this passive component is 0.5 dB at 1.46 GHz. The same has been concluded with its futuristic perspectives for research aspirants and microwave engineers.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"87 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114260827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2008-12-01DOI: 10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798405
P. Bilaye, V. Gawande, U. Desai, A. Raina, R. Pant
ICT plays an indispensable role in the overall development of rural areas, especially in developing economies. There is an urgent need to bring the rural areas into the mainstream by providing them last mile connectivity, especially during natural disasters and calamities, when other modes of communications are severely hampered. This paper describes a low cost innovative solution for providing internet access to rural areas using tethered aerostats, which can easily be relocated. The total cost of this relocatable system was found to be nearly half of that of a conventional fixed tower based system.
{"title":"Low Cost Wireless Internet Access for Rural Areas using Tethered Aerostats","authors":"P. Bilaye, V. Gawande, U. Desai, A. Raina, R. Pant","doi":"10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICIINFS.2008.4798405","url":null,"abstract":"ICT plays an indispensable role in the overall development of rural areas, especially in developing economies. There is an urgent need to bring the rural areas into the mainstream by providing them last mile connectivity, especially during natural disasters and calamities, when other modes of communications are severely hampered. This paper describes a low cost innovative solution for providing internet access to rural areas using tethered aerostats, which can easily be relocated. The total cost of this relocatable system was found to be nearly half of that of a conventional fixed tower based system.","PeriodicalId":429889,"journal":{"name":"2008 IEEE Region 10 and the Third international Conference on Industrial and Information Systems","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114308735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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