D. V. Figueiredo, P. Vagos, Ana Ganho-Ávila, M. do Céu Salvador, Luiza Nobre-Lima, D. Rijo
Clark and Wells’ model for social anxiety proposed several maintenance factors for social anxiety (SA), which is assumed to exist in a continuum from normative to pathological levels (i.e., Social Anxiety Disorder – SAD). Based on these premises, we used a cross-sectional design to investigate pathways linking those maintenance factors to SA, in adolescents (Mage = 16.02, SD = .97) with SAD (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 23), who filled in self-report questionnaires about those variables. Separate moderation models were tested using the same dependent variable (i.e., SA) and different independent variables (i.e., Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs, Self-focused Attention, and Safety-seeking Behaviors); group was the moderating variable. All variables were significant predictors of SA, explaining between 80% (i.e., Self-focused Attention) and 83% (i.e., Safety-seeking Behaviors and Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs) of its variance. Group was never a significant moderator. These results favor Clark and Wells’ model for explaining SA along its continuum. The pervasiveness of negative cognitions, safety-seeking behaviors, and self-focused attention in adolescents with SAD seems to contribute to a more disrupting experience of SA. As such, addressing these maintenance factors may be useful, as a preventive and remedial approach to SA in adolescence.
{"title":"What explains social anxiety in adolescents with Social Anxiety Disorder and healthy controls? The applicability of the Clark and Wells’ model","authors":"D. V. Figueiredo, P. Vagos, Ana Ganho-Ávila, M. do Céu Salvador, Luiza Nobre-Lima, D. Rijo","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.2","url":null,"abstract":"Clark and Wells’ model for social anxiety proposed several maintenance factors for social anxiety (SA), which is assumed to exist in a continuum from normative to pathological levels (i.e., Social Anxiety Disorder – SAD). Based on these premises, we used a cross-sectional design to investigate pathways linking those maintenance factors to SA, in adolescents (Mage = 16.02, SD = .97) with SAD (n = 30) and healthy controls (n = 23), who filled in self-report questionnaires about those variables. Separate moderation models were tested using the same dependent variable (i.e., SA) and different independent variables (i.e., Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs, Self-focused Attention, and Safety-seeking Behaviors); group was the moderating variable. All variables were significant predictors of SA, explaining between 80% (i.e., Self-focused Attention) and 83% (i.e., Safety-seeking Behaviors and Negative Social Thoughts and Beliefs) of its variance. Group was never a significant moderator. These results favor Clark and Wells’ model for explaining SA along its continuum. The pervasiveness of negative cognitions, safety-seeking behaviors, and self-focused attention in adolescents with SAD seems to contribute to a more disrupting experience of SA. As such, addressing these maintenance factors may be useful, as a preventive and remedial approach to SA in adolescence.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42038194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study implemented a school-based intervention aimed at improving coping flexibility, and to determine the intervention effects on coping and anxiety in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 692 first and second year of junior high school students (347 boys, 320 girls, and 25 neither) participated. Of the 19 classes first and second year of junior high school, 10 participated in the intervention in July 2021 and nine participated in January 2022. The results showed that the intervention program effectively reduced students’ anxiety. With regard to coping, there was no change in “seeking support,” a decrease in “problem avoidance,” and an increase in “positive interpretation and recreation.” The current intervention, which aimed at improving coping flexibility, was effective in reducing anxiety and promoting coping among junior high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In future it may be necessary discussed to reduce the burden on schools to accept outside experts by using information-technology equipment and other means to conduct the intervention remotely.
{"title":"Examining the Effectiveness of a Coping Skills Intervention for Anxiety for Junior High School Students amid the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"Chikaze Sugiyama, Shunsuke Koseki, Rina Kishino","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"This study implemented a school-based intervention aimed at improving coping flexibility, and to determine the intervention effects on coping and anxiety in children during the COVID-19 pandemic. A total of 692 first and second year of junior high school students (347 boys, 320 girls, and 25 neither) participated. Of the 19 classes first and second year of junior high school, 10 participated in the intervention in July 2021 and nine participated in January 2022. The results showed that the intervention program effectively reduced students’ anxiety. With regard to coping, there was no change in “seeking support,” a decrease in “problem avoidance,” and an increase in “positive interpretation and recreation.” The current intervention, which aimed at improving coping flexibility, was effective in reducing anxiety and promoting coping among junior high school students during the COVID-19 pandemic. In future it may be necessary discussed to reduce the burden on schools to accept outside experts by using information-technology equipment and other means to conduct the intervention remotely.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41740387","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cláudia P. Pires, Stefan G. Hofmann, D. Putwain, M. do Céu Salvador
Test anxiety (TA) is one of the most common difficulties for secondary school students, with a negative impact in performance, mental health and well-being, and involving high levels of shame, self-criticism, and experiential avoidance. TA may also be conceptualized through an evolutionary and contextual approach to human suffering. To the best of our knowledge, no study has covered this conceptualization, nor has any previous TA treatment been simultaneously manualized, psychotherapeutic, and co-integrated compassion, acceptance and mindfulness-based practices. Moreover, studies on the efficacy of individual treatments directed to TA in adolescents are scarce, and case studies provide a comprehensive, detailed, and useful input about new models and treatments to both researchers and practitioners. The AcAdeMiC Program (Acting with Acceptance, Mindfulness and Compassion to overcome Test/Exam Anxiety) is a manualized 12-session online individual psychotherapeutic intervention, aiming to decrease test anxiety and boost well-being, compassion, acceptance and mindfulness. This is the first study presenting the treatment of an adolescent with high levels of test anxiety using this program. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) showed improvement, and maintenance or increase of gains over time, across all targeted symptoms and processes. The AcAdeMiC was also qualitatively and quantitatively perceived as useful and effective at posttreatment. This clinical case study provides a first glance at the conceptualization and treatment of TA with the new AcAdeMiC program.
{"title":"The Efficacy Of A Compassion, Acceptance And Mindfulness-based Pilot Intervention For Adolescents’ Test Anxiety: A Case Study Using The Academic Program","authors":"Cláudia P. Pires, Stefan G. Hofmann, D. Putwain, M. do Céu Salvador","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.3","url":null,"abstract":"Test anxiety (TA) is one of the most common difficulties for secondary school students, with a negative impact in performance, mental health and well-being, and involving high levels of shame, self-criticism, and experiential avoidance. TA may also be conceptualized through an evolutionary and contextual approach to human suffering. To the best of our knowledge, no study has covered this conceptualization, nor has any previous TA treatment been simultaneously manualized, psychotherapeutic, and co-integrated compassion, acceptance and mindfulness-based practices. Moreover, studies on the efficacy of individual treatments directed to TA in adolescents are scarce, and case studies provide a comprehensive, detailed, and useful input about new models and treatments to both researchers and practitioners. The AcAdeMiC Program (Acting with Acceptance, Mindfulness and Compassion to overcome Test/Exam Anxiety) is a manualized 12-session online individual psychotherapeutic intervention, aiming to decrease test anxiety and boost well-being, compassion, acceptance and mindfulness. This is the first study presenting the treatment of an adolescent with high levels of test anxiety using this program. The Reliable Change Index (RCI) showed improvement, and maintenance or increase of gains over time, across all targeted symptoms and processes. The AcAdeMiC was also qualitatively and quantitatively perceived as useful and effective at posttreatment. This clinical case study provides a first glance at the conceptualization and treatment of TA with the new AcAdeMiC program.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47983714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Veerle Ross, K. Brijs, Hélène Dirix, G. Wets, A. Neven, Yves Vanrompay, N. Claes, N. Jacobs
Technological developments can optimize therapy for depression. However, early client or user involvement is crucial. The smartphone application and dashboard ‘plaTfOrm using evidence-based inTervEntions for (Mental) health’ (TOTEM), based on cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral activation, is being developed together with clients from the start. Objective monitoring (e.g., activity/travel-related behavior) and human-in-the-loop AI machine learning allow tailored blended care, combining face-to-face therapy with online modules and Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions. As a first co-creation step, clients with (prior) depression or depressive complaints and psychologists evaluated the usefulness of an existing Health for Travel Behaviour (HTB) application and feedback report developed for cardio patients, which monitors and improves travel-related physical activity. Online semi-structured interviews followed an HTB demonstration. In total, 16 interviews (14 clients and 2 psychologists) were transcribed and analyzed. Participants perceived the application as user-friendly, relevant, useful, attractive, and a supplement to standard care. It encourages people to engage in activities. The feedback report was also perceived as transparent, useful, and relevant. Emotional aspects are underemphasized (e.g., assessment of feelings and mental health-related psycho-education). When tailored to depression (with attention for different recovery phases), monitoring and improving travel-related physical activity was considered helpful in supplementing standard care for depression.
{"title":"Early Client Involvement In The Design Of A Blended Smartphone Application And Dashboard For Depression (Totem)","authors":"Veerle Ross, K. Brijs, Hélène Dirix, G. Wets, A. Neven, Yves Vanrompay, N. Claes, N. Jacobs","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.5","url":null,"abstract":"Technological developments can optimize therapy for depression. However, early client or user involvement is crucial. The smartphone application and dashboard ‘plaTfOrm using evidence-based inTervEntions for (Mental) health’ (TOTEM), based on cognitive behavioral therapy and behavioral activation, is being developed together with clients from the start. Objective monitoring (e.g., activity/travel-related behavior) and human-in-the-loop AI machine learning allow tailored blended care, combining face-to-face therapy with online modules and Just-in-Time Adaptive Interventions. As a first co-creation step, clients with (prior) depression or depressive complaints and psychologists evaluated the usefulness of an existing Health for Travel Behaviour (HTB) application and feedback report developed for cardio patients, which monitors and improves travel-related physical activity. Online semi-structured interviews followed an HTB demonstration. In total, 16 interviews (14 clients and 2 psychologists) were transcribed and analyzed. Participants perceived the application as user-friendly, relevant, useful, attractive, and a supplement to standard care. It encourages people to engage in activities. The feedback report was also perceived as transparent, useful, and relevant. Emotional aspects are underemphasized (e.g., assessment of feelings and mental health-related psycho-education). When tailored to depression (with attention for different recovery phases), monitoring and improving travel-related physical activity was considered helpful in supplementing standard care for depression.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49026663","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Daniel Seabra, Jorge Gato, N. Petrocchi, M. do Céu Salvador
Sexual Minority (SM) individuals who are victims of stigma have reported higher levels of traumatic shame experiences and psychopathology symptoms (depression and social anxiety) when compared to heterosexual individuals. Self-compassion and social support have been described as protective factors. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of self-compassion and social support in the relationship between shame felt in traumatic experiences and psychopathology symptoms in a sample of SM individuals. The sample was composed of 264 adult SM individuals who reported traumatic shame experiences (56% men, 36% women, and 8% nonbinary). Correlations between variables were significant and ranged from very weak to moderate. Two models were performed, one for each dependent variable (depression and social anxiety symptoms). The mediating models revealed different results: compassionate actions was a significant mediator in the relationship of shame in traumatic experiences with depression symptoms and social anxiety symptoms, social support from friends had the same role on the prediction of depression, and social support from the family was a significant mediator on the prediction of social anxiety symptoms. These results suggest the importance of cultivating compassionate actions and promoting social support in intervention programs with SM individuals with early traumatic shame experiences, to target depression and social anxiety symptoms.
{"title":"Shame Experiences And Psychopathology: The Mediating Role Of Self-compassion And Social Support In Sexual Minority Individuals","authors":"Daniel Seabra, Jorge Gato, N. Petrocchi, M. do Céu Salvador","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.6","url":null,"abstract":"Sexual Minority (SM) individuals who are victims of stigma have reported higher levels of traumatic shame experiences and psychopathology symptoms (depression and social anxiety) when compared to heterosexual individuals. Self-compassion and social support have been described as protective factors. This study aimed to explore the mediating role of self-compassion and social support in the relationship between shame felt in traumatic experiences and psychopathology symptoms in a sample of SM individuals. The sample was composed of 264 adult SM individuals who reported traumatic shame experiences (56% men, 36% women, and 8% nonbinary). Correlations between variables were significant and ranged from very weak to moderate. Two models were performed, one for each dependent variable (depression and social anxiety symptoms). The mediating models revealed different results: compassionate actions was a significant mediator in the relationship of shame in traumatic experiences with depression symptoms and social anxiety symptoms, social support from friends had the same role on the prediction of depression, and social support from the family was a significant mediator on the prediction of social anxiety symptoms. These results suggest the importance of cultivating compassionate actions and promoting social support in intervention programs with SM individuals with early traumatic shame experiences, to target depression and social anxiety symptoms.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49327091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This presented research aimed to determine the role of early maladaptive schemas in the change in general mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. We focused on changes in mental health (anxiety and depressive symptoms, morbid thoughts, and suicidal ideation) and well-being. Our retrospective study included 499 adults (316 women and 173 men). We employed the following research tools: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), the shortened version of the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), the HASS-BREF Scale to assess the severity of suicidal ideations and behaviors, and Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3-PL). The questionnaires’ instructions for the subjects were modified to obtain information for three specific periods: before the pandemic, at the most difficult moment of the pandemic for individuals, and in the last two weeks (the time period preceding data collection; January/February 2021). Results of the research indicate that during the COVID-19 pandemic, many people declared a significant increase in the number of depressive or anxiety symptoms. Early maladaptive schemas (Abandonment, Insufficient Self-Control) predict negative changes in mental health. In addition, other early maladaptive schemas (Self-Sacrifice, Unrelenting Standards) predict negative well-being changes. Interestingly, the Subjugation schema can temporarily play an adaptive role in exceptional situations, such as a pandemic.
{"title":"The Role Of Early Maladaptive Schemas In The Change In General Mental Health And Well-being During The Covid-19 Coronavirus Pandemic","authors":"Joanna Urbańska, Anna Słysz","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.7","url":null,"abstract":"This presented research aimed to determine the role of early maladaptive schemas in the change in general mental health and well-being during the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. We focused on changes in mental health (anxiety and depressive symptoms, morbid thoughts, and suicidal ideation) and well-being. Our retrospective study included 499 adults (316 women and 173 men). We employed the following research tools: the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-30), the shortened version of the WHO Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF), the HASS-BREF Scale to assess the severity of suicidal ideations and behaviors, and Young Schema Questionnaire (YSQ-S3-PL). The questionnaires’ instructions for the subjects were modified to obtain information for three specific periods: before the pandemic, at the most difficult moment of the pandemic for individuals, and in the last two weeks (the time period preceding data collection; January/February 2021). Results of the research indicate that during the COVID-19 pandemic, many people declared a significant increase in the number of depressive or anxiety symptoms. Early maladaptive schemas (Abandonment, Insufficient Self-Control) predict negative changes in mental health. In addition, other early maladaptive schemas (Self-Sacrifice, Unrelenting Standards) predict negative well-being changes. Interestingly, the Subjugation schema can temporarily play an adaptive role in exceptional situations, such as a pandemic.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47212159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. VAN KUIK, A. V. van Emmerik, Willem-Paul Brinkman, Elizabeth UDUWA-VIDANALAGE, Cliff Schouten, A. Arntz
This study piloted the efficacy and acceptability of Virtual Reality Imagery Rescripting (VR-ImRs) compared to conventional Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) for PTSD due to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Eight adult patients with clinician-rated PTSD due to CSA as their primary diagnosis participated, of whom six completed the full treatment. A non-concurrent multiple baseline design with cross-over elements was used, with randomly assigned baseline lengths and treatment conditions. After baseline and a 5-session ‘education and exploration’ phase, six sessions of either ImRs or VR-ImRs were given, followed by another six sessions of the opposite treatment condition and a 5-week follow-up without treatment. The primary outcome was PTSD symptoms (PCL-5), and secondary outcomes were negative and positive emotions (added PCL-5 items), anxiety and depressive symptoms (HADS) and trauma-related cognitions (PTCI). Data were analyzed with mixed regression. Results showed a significant linear reduction of trauma symptoms and negative emotions only during ImRs. No significant treatment effects on positive emotion, anxiety and depressive symptoms were found for both treatment conditions. Both treatment conditions showed significant positive effects on trauma-related cognitions. This study does not support the efficacy of VR-ImRs in reducing PTSD symptoms. Possibly VR-ImRs keeps people from reprocessing their memories, making it less effective.
{"title":"Efficacy And Acceptability Of Virtual Reality Imagery Rescripting For Ptsd Due To Childhood Sexual Abuse: A Multiple Baseline Study","authors":"S. VAN KUIK, A. V. van Emmerik, Willem-Paul Brinkman, Elizabeth UDUWA-VIDANALAGE, Cliff Schouten, A. Arntz","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2023.1.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2023.1.4","url":null,"abstract":"This study piloted the efficacy and acceptability of Virtual Reality Imagery Rescripting (VR-ImRs) compared to conventional Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) for PTSD due to childhood sexual abuse (CSA). Eight adult patients with clinician-rated PTSD due to CSA as their primary diagnosis participated, of whom six completed the full treatment. A non-concurrent multiple baseline design with cross-over elements was used, with randomly assigned baseline lengths and treatment conditions. After baseline and a 5-session ‘education and exploration’ phase, six sessions of either ImRs or VR-ImRs were given, followed by another six sessions of the opposite treatment condition and a 5-week follow-up without treatment. The primary outcome was PTSD symptoms (PCL-5), and secondary outcomes were negative and positive emotions (added PCL-5 items), anxiety and depressive symptoms (HADS) and trauma-related cognitions (PTCI). Data were analyzed with mixed regression. Results showed a significant linear reduction of trauma symptoms and negative emotions only during ImRs. No significant treatment effects on positive emotion, anxiety and depressive symptoms were found for both treatment conditions. Both treatment conditions showed significant positive effects on trauma-related cognitions. This study does not support the efficacy of VR-ImRs in reducing PTSD symptoms. Possibly VR-ImRs keeps people from reprocessing their memories, making it less effective.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2023-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47437577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Amani ElBarazi, O. Badary, M. Elmazar, H. Elrassas
"Earlier research has established that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) frequently coexist. Aims: Cognitive Processing Therapy was compared to Sertraline and a placebo in an RCT for treating patients with comorbid SUD and PTSD. Methods: 150 patients with SUD and PTSD were interviewed by clinicians and asked to fill out the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Timeline Follow Back Interview (TLFB), and Brief Addiction Monitor (BAM). Patients were randomly assigned to the following conditions: CPT (n=50), Sertraline (n=50), or Placebo (n=50). Pretreatment, posttreatment, six and, twelve-month follow-up assessments were conducted. Results: When compared to the sertraline group, CPT resulted in much higher reductions in CAPS scores at posttreatment assessment (d=0.93, p < .000). When compared to the control group, CPT considerably reduced PTSD symptoms (the effect size, d=1.9, p < .000). Sertraline resulted in many significant decreases in CAPS when compared to control groups (the effect size , d=1.11, p<.000). At posttreatment, SUD and depression severity were significantly reduced in both CPT and Sertraline groups. After six and twelve months of follow-up, these differences persisted. Conclusion: Comparatively to the control group, CPT and Sertraline significantly decreased PTSD, SUD, and depression."
{"title":"Cognitive Processing Therapy Versus Medication for the Treatment of Comorbid Substance Use Disorder and Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder in Egyptian patients (Randomized Clinical Trial)","authors":"Amani ElBarazi, O. Badary, M. Elmazar, H. Elrassas","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2022.2.13","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2022.2.13","url":null,"abstract":"\"Earlier research has established that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD) frequently coexist. Aims: Cognitive Processing Therapy was compared to Sertraline and a placebo in an RCT for treating patients with comorbid SUD and PTSD. Methods: 150 patients with SUD and PTSD were interviewed by clinicians and asked to fill out the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS-5), Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Checklist (PCL-5), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI-II), Timeline Follow Back Interview (TLFB), and Brief Addiction Monitor (BAM). Patients were randomly assigned to the following conditions: CPT (n=50), Sertraline (n=50), or Placebo (n=50). Pretreatment, posttreatment, six and, twelve-month follow-up assessments were conducted. Results: When compared to the sertraline group, CPT resulted in much higher reductions in CAPS scores at posttreatment assessment (d=0.93, p < .000). When compared to the control group, CPT considerably reduced PTSD symptoms (the effect size, d=1.9, p < .000). Sertraline resulted in many significant decreases in CAPS when compared to control groups (the effect size , d=1.11, p<.000). At posttreatment, SUD and depression severity were significantly reduced in both CPT and Sertraline groups. After six and twelve months of follow-up, these differences persisted. Conclusion: Comparatively to the control group, CPT and Sertraline significantly decreased PTSD, SUD, and depression.\"","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44255593","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
"Background: In the last decades, there has been a growing interest in studying the effects of spirituality/religiosity on health. Many studies concluded that spirituality/religiosity has a beneficial effect on mental and physical health. To study these effects, validated instruments for measuring spirituality are needed. A good example of a largely used instrument is the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES). The current study sought to examine the psychometric properties of Romanian version of DSES. Method: Exploratory Factor Analysis and Principal Components Analysis were used to confirm the construct validity of the scale. The internal consistency of the scale was determined using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: 70 patients with a diagnosis of depression and 160 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study. Cronbach’s alpha indicated excellent internal consistency of the scale. Principal Component Analysis indicated a two-component solution in both samples. Conclusions: Our study confirmed the validity and reliability of the Romanian version of DSES and it encourages its use in future studies of spirituality or studies regarding the influence of spirituality on depression."
{"title":"Psychometrics Properties of the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale in a Romanian Clinical Sample. A Pilot Study","authors":"Emilia-Cristina Popescu, D. Herta, D. Cosman","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2022.2.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2022.2.18","url":null,"abstract":"\"Background: In the last decades, there has been a growing interest in studying the effects of spirituality/religiosity on health. Many studies concluded that spirituality/religiosity has a beneficial effect on mental and physical health. To study these effects, validated instruments for measuring spirituality are needed. A good example of a largely used instrument is the Daily Spiritual Experiences Scale (DSES). The current study sought to examine the psychometric properties of Romanian version of DSES. Method: Exploratory Factor Analysis and Principal Components Analysis were used to confirm the construct validity of the scale. The internal consistency of the scale was determined using Cronbach’s alpha. Results: 70 patients with a diagnosis of depression and 160 healthy volunteers were included in this cross-sectional study. Cronbach’s alpha indicated excellent internal consistency of the scale. Principal Component Analysis indicated a two-component solution in both samples. Conclusions: Our study confirmed the validity and reliability of the Romanian version of DSES and it encourages its use in future studies of spirituality or studies regarding the influence of spirituality on depression.\"","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43731321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study assessed the validity of the Behavior Assessment System for Children 2nd Edition, by providing evidence based on a multitraitmultimethod (MTMM) analysis performed on data obtained with a culturally adapted form of the test. The study included two Romanian samples (161 adolescents aged 12-18 years and 91 children aged 8-12 years) that were each assessed with all the three age corresponding forms (self, parent, and teacher) of the test. We used a confirmatory factor analytic framework in order to test the convergent and discriminant validity of BASC-2, by generating a CFAbased multi-trait, multi-method latent factor correlation matrix. Results showed that, for both the Adolescent and Child forms, the coefficients falling under the validity diagonal (mono-trait, hetero-method) have the highest median values, compared to the coefficients encountered in the monomethod block and those in the heteromethod-heterotrait triangles. The study provides evidence for the construct validity of the multi-trait, multi-rater assessment system that is the basis of the BASC-2.
{"title":"The convergent validity of the Romanian version of the Behavioral Assessment of Children: A Multitrait-Multimethod Analysis","authors":"D. Iliescu, Cătălin Nedelcea, A. Ion","doi":"10.24193/jebp.2022.2.14","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24193/jebp.2022.2.14","url":null,"abstract":"This study assessed the validity of the Behavior Assessment System for Children 2nd Edition, by providing evidence based on a multitraitmultimethod (MTMM) analysis performed on data obtained with a culturally adapted form of the test. The study included two Romanian samples (161 adolescents aged 12-18 years and 91 children aged 8-12 years) that were each assessed with all the three age corresponding forms (self, parent, and teacher) of the test. We used a confirmatory factor analytic framework in order to test the convergent and discriminant validity of BASC-2, by generating a CFAbased multi-trait, multi-method latent factor correlation matrix. Results showed that, for both the Adolescent and Child forms, the coefficients falling under the validity diagonal (mono-trait, hetero-method) have the highest median values, compared to the coefficients encountered in the monomethod block and those in the heteromethod-heterotrait triangles. The study provides evidence for the construct validity of the multi-trait, multi-rater assessment system that is the basis of the BASC-2.","PeriodicalId":43042,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Evidence-Based Psychotherapies","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47341056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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