Abstract What is the subject of German linguistics? This seemingly simple question has no obvious answer. In the ZGL’s first issue, the editors required contributions to cover the whole of the German language and to be theoretically sound but application-orientated, whereas the current ZGL-homepage defines the German language of present and history in all its differentiations as its subject matter. Looking through the fifty volumes of ZGL, three relationships can be identified as presumably enlightening the role of language, in particular the German language: language and mind; language and language use; language and culture. Though of a different systematic type, language and data should be added as an increasingly important pairing for conceptualizing language. On this basis, I also discuss the position of linguistic studies of the German language, mirrored in the ZGL-volumes, between social, cultural and natural sciences, as well as the corresponding epistemic approaches – like explaining vs. understanding.
{"title":"Der Gegenstand der germanistischen Sprachwissenschaft im Spiegel der Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik (ZGL)","authors":"G. Zifonun","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract What is the subject of German linguistics? This seemingly simple question has no obvious answer. In the ZGL’s first issue, the editors required contributions to cover the whole of the German language and to be theoretically sound but application-orientated, whereas the current ZGL-homepage defines the German language of present and history in all its differentiations as its subject matter. Looking through the fifty volumes of ZGL, three relationships can be identified as presumably enlightening the role of language, in particular the German language: language and mind; language and language use; language and culture. Though of a different systematic type, language and data should be added as an increasingly important pairing for conceptualizing language. On this basis, I also discuss the position of linguistic studies of the German language, mirrored in the ZGL-volumes, between social, cultural and natural sciences, as well as the corresponding epistemic approaches – like explaining vs. understanding.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"226 - 263"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47546428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Die Zeitschrift für germanistische Linguistik (ZGL) aus der Perspektive von DaF/DaZ","authors":"Katrin Wisniewski","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2020","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"383 - 387"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44419334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Die ZGL aus französischer Perspektive: Öffnung und neue Impulse ja, aber nicht um jeden Preis!","authors":"Hélène Vinckel-Roisin","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2019","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"375 - 382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-08-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41499313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The marker bitte plays a crucial role in Contemporary German, especially in lay linguistic discourse on politeness (= first order politeness). This is in contrast to a research gap regarding the evolution and use of this element. Based on corpus data, the present study aims to trace the formal and functional development of bitte ‘please’. The analysis is based on a randomized sample of verbal bitten ‘to ask for’, nominal Bitte ‘request’ and syntactically reduced bitte ‘please’ extracted from fictional texts of the DTA and the DWDS core corpora covering a time span from the 17th to the 21st century. Contrary to previously proposed scenarios, the data suggest that syntactically reduced bitte developed in the late 18th century from an external modifier that primarily preceded imperative requests. As an internal modifier, the marker has been successively integrated syntactically and graphemically since the 19th century. From a pragmatic perspective, bitte has evolved from a deference marker. In Contemporary German, it can be described as a directive marker rather than a context-independent politeness marker.
{"title":"Die formale und funktionale Entwicklung von bitte","authors":"T. Ackermann","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2006","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The marker bitte plays a crucial role in Contemporary German, especially in lay linguistic discourse on politeness (= first order politeness). This is in contrast to a research gap regarding the evolution and use of this element. Based on corpus data, the present study aims to trace the formal and functional development of bitte ‘please’. The analysis is based on a randomized sample of verbal bitten ‘to ask for’, nominal Bitte ‘request’ and syntactically reduced bitte ‘please’ extracted from fictional texts of the DTA and the DWDS core corpora covering a time span from the 17th to the 21st century. Contrary to previously proposed scenarios, the data suggest that syntactically reduced bitte developed in the late 18th century from an external modifier that primarily preceded imperative requests. As an internal modifier, the marker has been successively integrated syntactically and graphemically since the 19th century. From a pragmatic perspective, bitte has evolved from a deference marker. In Contemporary German, it can be described as a directive marker rather than a context-independent politeness marker.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"152 - 195"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43124406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract On the basis of a case study on the linearisation of German infinitival complements, the present paper illustrates the advantages of selected quantitative and statistical methods in diachronic studies. In particular, it first discusses, the problem of the availability of balanced diachronic corpora and how mixed-effects modelling can help make the best of “bad data” and second, it deals with the question of periodisation and shows the advantages of a data-driven method.
{"title":"Quantitative Methoden in diachronen Studien: Anwendung am Beispiel der Wortstellungsvariation in deutschen Infinitiven","authors":"Ilaria De Cesare","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2004","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract On the basis of a case study on the linearisation of German infinitival complements, the present paper illustrates the advantages of selected quantitative and statistical methods in diachronic studies. In particular, it first discusses, the problem of the availability of balanced diachronic corpora and how mixed-effects modelling can help make the best of “bad data” and second, it deals with the question of periodisation and shows the advantages of a data-driven method.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"124 - 151"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46988491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The oral realization of written punctuation basically brings two parameters into play: rhythm and intonation. The former is visualized in writing the typeface by a space, while the latter is determined by conventions and depends on the speaker’s personal means of expression. In the 18th century, the oral realization of punctuation was only marginally addressed in grammars. Additional sources can be found in the area of music history, because the music theorists of the 18th century discussed the connection between language and music with great interest. In this essay, prosodic models for the oral (audible) realization of punctuation marks are examined by comparing the current prosodic description of German with the musical analyses of Johann Mattheson and the remarks in the grammars of his time. Then baroque music examples are examined from the point of view of the possibility of refining the theoretical models. The aim of this interdisciplinary approach is to make use of ancient sources, both theoretical and practical, for the reconstruction of the prosody of 18th century German.
{"title":"Das Verhältnis geschriebener und gesprochener Sprache im 18. Jahrhundert am Beispiel der Interpunktion in Sprache und Musik","authors":"C. Schweitzer","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2002","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The oral realization of written punctuation basically brings two parameters into play: rhythm and intonation. The former is visualized in writing the typeface by a space, while the latter is determined by conventions and depends on the speaker’s personal means of expression. In the 18th century, the oral realization of punctuation was only marginally addressed in grammars. Additional sources can be found in the area of music history, because the music theorists of the 18th century discussed the connection between language and music with great interest. In this essay, prosodic models for the oral (audible) realization of punctuation marks are examined by comparing the current prosodic description of German with the musical analyses of Johann Mattheson and the remarks in the grammars of his time. Then baroque music examples are examined from the point of view of the possibility of refining the theoretical models. The aim of this interdisciplinary approach is to make use of ancient sources, both theoretical and practical, for the reconstruction of the prosody of 18th century German.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"51 - 87"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48311304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Irina Mostovaia, Victoria Fedorovskaya, Wolfgang Imo
Abstract This paper examines the strategies doctors use to disambiguate the referential scope of the personal pronoun we. In clinical practice, doctors have to manage the different roles in which they can interact with the patients, – as individuals, as representatives of their clinic or their clinical department or as members of the scientific community of medical experts. These different roles also combine with different degrees of agentivity and responsibility. Patients therefore have to decode whether they are included into the we or not. Based on a corpus of more than 90 therapy planning talks recorded at German and Russian oncological clinical departments, our empirical study analyzes which strategies doctors employ to locally clarify the range of we, e. g., by adding a numeral (we two) or a locative phrase (we in this clinic) in order to ensure mutual understanding.
摘要本文探讨了医生在消除人称代词we的指称范围歧义时所使用的策略。在临床实践中，医生必须管理他们可以与患者互动的不同角色——作为个人、诊所或临床部门的代表或医学专家科学界的成员。这些不同的角色也结合了不同程度的代理性和责任性。因此，患者必须解码他们是否被纳入we。基于在德国和俄罗斯肿瘤学临床部门记录的90多个治疗计划谈话的语料库，我们的实证研究分析了医生采用哪些策略来局部澄清我们的范围。 g.通过添加一个数字（we two）或一个方位短语（we in this clinic）来确保相互理解。
{"title":"Wir beide und мы с вами (‚wir mit Ihnen‘): Strategien zur Vagheitsreduktion im Gebrauch des Personalpronomens der 1. Person Plural in deutschen und russischen Diagnosemitteilungs- und Therapieplanungsgesprächen","authors":"Irina Mostovaia, Victoria Fedorovskaya, Wolfgang Imo","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2003","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the strategies doctors use to disambiguate the referential scope of the personal pronoun we. In clinical practice, doctors have to manage the different roles in which they can interact with the patients, – as individuals, as representatives of their clinic or their clinical department or as members of the scientific community of medical experts. These different roles also combine with different degrees of agentivity and responsibility. Patients therefore have to decode whether they are included into the we or not. Based on a corpus of more than 90 therapy planning talks recorded at German and Russian oncological clinical departments, our empirical study analyzes which strategies doctors employ to locally clarify the range of we, e. g., by adding a numeral (we two) or a locative phrase (we in this clinic) in order to ensure mutual understanding.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"88 - 123"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48195326","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This article reviews foundational research on the problem of unmarked word order in German. Focussing on the two most influential seminal papers by Lenerz (1977) and Höhle (1982), I argue that their attempts to determine unmarked, normal word order (either by definition or by explication) is flawed by the fact that both authors presuppose a certain empirical data base without offering a complete grammatical analysis of the data in question. I contend that a more comprehensive, linguistically satisfying analysis of these data will in turn presuppose a pre-given notion of unmarked, normal word order, thus making for a circular definition or explication. As is well-known, normal word order interacts with factors like point of view, thematic roles, animacy, and others. I will argue that influential suggestions for designing a precise theory of these interactions are unsuccessful on both methodological and empirical grounds. I suggest that the traditional modular analysis based on cumulation and treshold values is still the best model we have at present; however, a large and hitherto unresolved issue is the vast variety of contradicting acceptability judgments found in the literature. A careful analysis of these meta-data should enable us to determine paradigmatic core cases while, at the same time, leave room for deviations in various directions, and even for individual ad hoc preferences at the periphery.
{"title":"Zur Abfolge im Mittelfeld des Deutschen. Eine methodische Etüde","authors":"Wolfgang Sternefeld","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2023-2001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2023-2001","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article reviews foundational research on the problem of unmarked word order in German. Focussing on the two most influential seminal papers by Lenerz (1977) and Höhle (1982), I argue that their attempts to determine unmarked, normal word order (either by definition or by explication) is flawed by the fact that both authors presuppose a certain empirical data base without offering a complete grammatical analysis of the data in question. I contend that a more comprehensive, linguistically satisfying analysis of these data will in turn presuppose a pre-given notion of unmarked, normal word order, thus making for a circular definition or explication. As is well-known, normal word order interacts with factors like point of view, thematic roles, animacy, and others. I will argue that influential suggestions for designing a precise theory of these interactions are unsuccessful on both methodological and empirical grounds. I suggest that the traditional modular analysis based on cumulation and treshold values is still the best model we have at present; however, a large and hitherto unresolved issue is the vast variety of contradicting acceptability judgments found in the literature. A careful analysis of these meta-data should enable us to determine paradigmatic core cases while, at the same time, leave room for deviations in various directions, and even for individual ad hoc preferences at the periphery.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":"51 1","pages":"1 - 50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43157120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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