Abstract This article discusses the origin and historical development of the German n-indefinite kein, which is an unusual negator because it does not share the initial n that marks virtually all other negatives in German. Despite the discussion about its origins going back to the nineteenth century, it is still unclear how kein first emerged and out of which other forms it developed. In this paper, new light is shed on an old controversy using new data and modern corpus-linguistic tools, in this case the Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch (ReM). The article first summarises the current state of research before presenting and analysing the data. In combination with additional evidence, the results show that certain hypotheses that have to this day been treated as accurate are in fact not viable. Subsequently, a solution that combines some of the existing theses and is compatible with the data is presented: Morphological reanalysis and the ensuing back-formation of kein’s predecessor nehein – in combination with a phonologically conditioned sound substitution triggered by a shift of the syllable boundary – in the context of negative concord seems the most likely candidate for an accurate explanation of the emergence and early usage patterns of kein in Middle High German. Incongruent evidence from Swiss German, however, suggests that partially convergent developments ensuing from different indefinite forms have taken place in that variety.
{"title":"Ein korpuslinguistischer Beitrag zu Herkunft und Entwicklung des negativen Indefinitums kein","authors":"Simon Pickl","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2021-2021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2021-2021","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This article discusses the origin and historical development of the German n-indefinite kein, which is an unusual negator because it does not share the initial n that marks virtually all other negatives in German. Despite the discussion about its origins going back to the nineteenth century, it is still unclear how kein first emerged and out of which other forms it developed. In this paper, new light is shed on an old controversy using new data and modern corpus-linguistic tools, in this case the Referenzkorpus Mittelhochdeutsch (ReM). The article first summarises the current state of research before presenting and analysing the data. In combination with additional evidence, the results show that certain hypotheses that have to this day been treated as accurate are in fact not viable. Subsequently, a solution that combines some of the existing theses and is compatible with the data is presented: Morphological reanalysis and the ensuing back-formation of kein’s predecessor nehein – in combination with a phonologically conditioned sound substitution triggered by a shift of the syllable boundary – in the context of negative concord seems the most likely candidate for an accurate explanation of the emergence and early usage patterns of kein in Middle High German. Incongruent evidence from Swiss German, however, suggests that partially convergent developments ensuing from different indefinite forms have taken place in that variety.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2021-2021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42581485","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper proposes an analysis of German passe-partout compounds like Straßending (streetthing) and Bananendinger (banana things) as morphological constructions. The study shows that these constructions are characteristic of spoken language and must therefore be considered with respect to the particular properties of that genre. Based on the findings about the pragmatically driven word formation an argument is made for a Construction Morphology that is based on usage and speaker interaction. This proposal can be seen as an extension of the current theory of Construction Morphology (Booij 2010). The notion of pragmatically driven word formation is illustrated by a case study of the [X-Ding]N construction in spoken German. It will be shown that partially filled constructions with Ding as a determinatum have specific semantic and functional-pragmatic properties and are part of a complex family of passe-partout constructions.
{"title":"Passe-partout-Komposita im gesprochenen Deutsch","authors":"S. Stumpf","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2021-2020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2021-2020","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper proposes an analysis of German passe-partout compounds like Straßending (streetthing) and Bananendinger (banana things) as morphological constructions. The study shows that these constructions are characteristic of spoken language and must therefore be considered with respect to the particular properties of that genre. Based on the findings about the pragmatically driven word formation an argument is made for a Construction Morphology that is based on usage and speaker interaction. This proposal can be seen as an extension of the current theory of Construction Morphology (Booij 2010). The notion of pragmatically driven word formation is illustrated by a case study of the [X-Ding]N construction in spoken German. It will be shown that partially filled constructions with Ding as a determinatum have specific semantic and functional-pragmatic properties and are part of a complex family of passe-partout constructions.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2021-2020","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47145124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper deals with the variation of adjective inflection in nominal phrases with two consecutive adjectives in the dative singular masculine/neuter (e. g. mit größerem politischem[strong inflection]Einfluss vs. mit größerem politischen[weak inflection]Einfluss ‚with greater political influence‘). Only the second adjective is affected by the variation; it can show strong or weak inflection (parallel inflection vs. alternating inflection). In Standard German, both uses coexist without any difference in meaning or function. This phenomenon is analyzed using corpus data. The focus is on the question why this variation persists almost exclusively in the dative singular masculine/neuter. After the discussion of different explanations available, a phonological approach to explain the persistence of the variation is presented. It is argued that the low phonological contrast between the strong inflection -m and its weak counterpart -n is the reason why the variation is still persistent in the dative singular masculine/neuter. The role of grammar reference works in the persistence of the concerning variation is also discussed.
摘要本文研究了名词短语中两个连续形容词在与格单数阳性/中性（e。 g.mit grßerem politischem[强拐点]Einflus vs.mit gr 223;; erem-politischen[弱拐点]Eiinfluss“具有更大政治影响力”）。只有第二个形容词受到变体的影响；它可以表现出强或弱拐点（平行拐点与交替拐点）。在标准德语中，两种用法共存，在含义或功能上没有任何区别。利用语料库数据对这一现象进行了分析。重点是为什么这种变体几乎只存在于与格单数阳性/中性词中。在讨论了不同的解释之后，提出了一种解释变异持续性的语音方法。有人认为，强屈折-m和弱屈折-n之间的低语音对比是与格单数阳性/中性词中变异仍然存在的原因。还讨论了语法参考著作在相关变异的持久性中的作用。
{"title":"Parallel- vs. Wechselflexion im dat sg mask/neutr – Ein Erklärungsansatz zur Persistenz der Variation","authors":"Said Sahel","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2021-2019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2021-2019","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper deals with the variation of adjective inflection in nominal phrases with two consecutive adjectives in the dative singular masculine/neuter (e. g. mit größerem politischem[strong inflection]Einfluss vs. mit größerem politischen[weak inflection]Einfluss ‚with greater political influence‘). Only the second adjective is affected by the variation; it can show strong or weak inflection (parallel inflection vs. alternating inflection). In Standard German, both uses coexist without any difference in meaning or function. This phenomenon is analyzed using corpus data. The focus is on the question why this variation persists almost exclusively in the dative singular masculine/neuter. After the discussion of different explanations available, a phonological approach to explain the persistence of the variation is presented. It is argued that the low phonological contrast between the strong inflection -m and its weak counterpart -n is the reason why the variation is still persistent in the dative singular masculine/neuter. The role of grammar reference works in the persistence of the concerning variation is also discussed.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43436670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract This paper examines the development of lay transcriptions of base dialects within a period of 50 years in the early 20th century in the Upper Rhine area in Alsace and Baden. I argue that the spread of spoken standard German can be documented by the development of these transcriptions. In alignment with Ganswindt (2017), it is assumed that the still not widespread standard competence at the beginning of this period is reflected in ‚misspellings‘ in the transcriptions of the dialect, since the Standard German grapheme was associated with the phonetics of the regional standard. The lay transcriptions of the Upper German delabialization by the participating teachers from Friedrich Maurer’s indirect dialect survey from 1941 and the survey of the so-called Wenkeratlas from 1887/88 serve as data. A place-by-place comparison via vector maps allows to localize variation patterns. It can be shown that the ‘misspellings’ – i. e. rounded variants in the area of delabialization – are scattered throughout the area and significantly decrease in time as the spoken German standard is spreading. This is especially the case in the area of Baden, where the amount of ‘misspellings’ diminishes from about 30–60 % to 5–30 %. In Alsace, on the other hand, the amount of ‘misspellings’ is generally much lower and consequently the decrease is as well. I argue that the reason for the difference between transcriptions from Baden and Alsace is to be found in the different repertoire structures with a diglossia with two written standard languages – French and German – in Alsace.
{"title":"Die Verschriftungen in der Dialekterhebung Friedrich Maurers in Baden und im Elsass als Evidenz für die Verbreitung der Standardlautung","authors":"Maj-Brit Strobel","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2021-2024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2021-2024","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract This paper examines the development of lay transcriptions of base dialects within a period of 50 years in the early 20th century in the Upper Rhine area in Alsace and Baden. I argue that the spread of spoken standard German can be documented by the development of these transcriptions. In alignment with Ganswindt (2017), it is assumed that the still not widespread standard competence at the beginning of this period is reflected in ‚misspellings‘ in the transcriptions of the dialect, since the Standard German grapheme was associated with the phonetics of the regional standard. The lay transcriptions of the Upper German delabialization by the participating teachers from Friedrich Maurer’s indirect dialect survey from 1941 and the survey of the so-called Wenkeratlas from 1887/88 serve as data. A place-by-place comparison via vector maps allows to localize variation patterns. It can be shown that the ‘misspellings’ – i. e. rounded variants in the area of delabialization – are scattered throughout the area and significantly decrease in time as the spoken German standard is spreading. This is especially the case in the area of Baden, where the amount of ‘misspellings’ diminishes from about 30–60 % to 5–30 %. In Alsace, on the other hand, the amount of ‘misspellings’ is generally much lower and consequently the decrease is as well. I argue that the reason for the difference between transcriptions from Baden and Alsace is to be found in the different repertoire structures with a diglossia with two written standard languages – French and German – in Alsace.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2021-2024","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47946937","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Open-Access-Publizieren in der germanistischen Linguistik – theoretische Fragestellungen und konkrete Praxismöglichkeiten","authors":"Yuliya Fadeeva, D. Graf","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2021-2025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2021-2025","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2021-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2021-2025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41949697","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Logik (im hier verwendeten Sinne) ist die Lehre von der Gültigkeit von Schlüssen aufgrund der Bedeutung der logischen Partikel allein. Als eine solche Lehre ist die Logik ein schematisches Operieren mit selbstkonstituierten Zeichen, und damit ist ihr Geltungsstatus analytisch a priori. Innerhalb der Philosophie wird die Logik einerseits als Hilfswissenschaft gebraucht, um natürlich-sprachliche Argumente zu evaluieren. Andererseits ist die Logik selbst Gegenstand der philosophischen Reflexion. Liegt dem vorgebrachten Argument ein gültiger Schluss zugrunde, oder kann man die Zustimmung bereits aufgrund formaler Mängel verweigern? Nach welchen Kriterien entscheidet man, ob die klassische oder die intuitionistische Logik die bessere ist? Diese Fragen sollen exemplarisch für den Umgang mit der Logik innerhalb der Philosophie stehen. Aber auch die empirisch verfahrende Linguistik bzw. Sprachwissenschaft bedient sich der formalen Verfahren der Logik. Am augenscheinlichsten ist dies sicherlich in der Generativen Grammatik und in der Computerlinguistik zu beobachten. Logische Mittel werden verwendet, um die Entwicklungsregeln von Sprachen zu formalisieren. Auf dieser Grundlage lassen sich dann Strukturfragen bezüglich verschiedener natürlicher Sprachen stellen, oder es lässt sich beispielsweise die Texterkennung von Textverarbeitungsprogrammen verbessern. Entgegen der Vermutung, die Vorliebe von Logikern und Mathematikern, am liebsten mit Kreide und Tafel zu arbeiten, führe dazu, dass es im Internet keine Angebote zu diesen Themengebieten gebe, gibt es gleichwohl eine große Fülle an Angeboten. Es finden sich zahllose Skripte und Angebote zur Logik von Mathematikern, Informatikern, Philosophen und Linguisten. Aufgrund des begrenzten Rahmens dieses Überblicks kann nur eine Auswahl der zahlreichen Angebote präsentiert werden. Es werden Seiten vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe man (1) sich
{"title":"Logik und Sprachwissenschaft: Online-Ressourcen","authors":"S. Ender","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2020-2017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2020-2017","url":null,"abstract":"Logik (im hier verwendeten Sinne) ist die Lehre von der Gültigkeit von Schlüssen aufgrund der Bedeutung der logischen Partikel allein. Als eine solche Lehre ist die Logik ein schematisches Operieren mit selbstkonstituierten Zeichen, und damit ist ihr Geltungsstatus analytisch a priori. Innerhalb der Philosophie wird die Logik einerseits als Hilfswissenschaft gebraucht, um natürlich-sprachliche Argumente zu evaluieren. Andererseits ist die Logik selbst Gegenstand der philosophischen Reflexion. Liegt dem vorgebrachten Argument ein gültiger Schluss zugrunde, oder kann man die Zustimmung bereits aufgrund formaler Mängel verweigern? Nach welchen Kriterien entscheidet man, ob die klassische oder die intuitionistische Logik die bessere ist? Diese Fragen sollen exemplarisch für den Umgang mit der Logik innerhalb der Philosophie stehen. Aber auch die empirisch verfahrende Linguistik bzw. Sprachwissenschaft bedient sich der formalen Verfahren der Logik. Am augenscheinlichsten ist dies sicherlich in der Generativen Grammatik und in der Computerlinguistik zu beobachten. Logische Mittel werden verwendet, um die Entwicklungsregeln von Sprachen zu formalisieren. Auf dieser Grundlage lassen sich dann Strukturfragen bezüglich verschiedener natürlicher Sprachen stellen, oder es lässt sich beispielsweise die Texterkennung von Textverarbeitungsprogrammen verbessern. Entgegen der Vermutung, die Vorliebe von Logikern und Mathematikern, am liebsten mit Kreide und Tafel zu arbeiten, führe dazu, dass es im Internet keine Angebote zu diesen Themengebieten gebe, gibt es gleichwohl eine große Fülle an Angeboten. Es finden sich zahllose Skripte und Angebote zur Logik von Mathematikern, Informatikern, Philosophen und Linguisten. Aufgrund des begrenzten Rahmens dieses Überblicks kann nur eine Auswahl der zahlreichen Angebote präsentiert werden. Es werden Seiten vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe man (1) sich","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2020-2017","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42440179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The following essay aims at elaborating some aspects of the genre grammar of linguistic practices embodied in folk narratives. It starts from the idea that linguistic practices like narratives are controlled by a corresponding genre-knowledge just as it holds for most types of human actions in general. Individual linguistic practices are thus sequenced and arranged according to a corresponding knowledge frame that is related to the situationally activated genre. The term text is used to denote this sequence of situationally and interactionally coherent linguistic practices that are construed according to the grammar of a ‘genre in action’. A genre will be understood as a semiotic unit whose signifiant corresponds to a set of types of lexical and grammatical patterns ultimately represented by the micro-structure of the text. Its signifié will be interpreted as a text world model (TWM) that is internally invoked by the functionality, semantics, and quantification of the types of construction that occur in a text together with their syntax as well as by corresponding world knowledge. The essay first discusses some theoretical aspects of a genre-based approach to one kind of linguistic practices, namely narratives before turning to an illustration of the approach by referring to some selected aspects of two folk narratives, one taken from Grimms’ collection of folk narratives, the other stemming from the Udi community in the Eastern Caucasus (Northwestern Azerbaijan).
{"title":"Explorationen zur Genre-Grammatik von Volksnarrationen","authors":"W. Schulze","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2020-2015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2020-2015","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The following essay aims at elaborating some aspects of the genre grammar of linguistic practices embodied in folk narratives. It starts from the idea that linguistic practices like narratives are controlled by a corresponding genre-knowledge just as it holds for most types of human actions in general. Individual linguistic practices are thus sequenced and arranged according to a corresponding knowledge frame that is related to the situationally activated genre. The term text is used to denote this sequence of situationally and interactionally coherent linguistic practices that are construed according to the grammar of a ‘genre in action’. A genre will be understood as a semiotic unit whose signifiant corresponds to a set of types of lexical and grammatical patterns ultimately represented by the micro-structure of the text. Its signifié will be interpreted as a text world model (TWM) that is internally invoked by the functionality, semantics, and quantification of the types of construction that occur in a text together with their syntax as well as by corresponding world knowledge. The essay first discusses some theoretical aspects of a genre-based approach to one kind of linguistic practices, namely narratives before turning to an illustration of the approach by referring to some selected aspects of two folk narratives, one taken from Grimms’ collection of folk narratives, the other stemming from the Udi community in the Eastern Caucasus (Northwestern Azerbaijan).","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2020-2015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46533910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Is there a ‚narrative syntax‘, i. e. a special grammar restricted to narrative fiction? Starting from this question which has been investigated since early structuralism, the paper focusses on grammatical characteristics of narrative discourse mode and their implications for a linguistic theory of narration. Its goal is two-fold: In a first step, the traditional accounts by Benveniste, Hamburger, Kuroda and recent typological studies are brought together in order to support the claim that the distinction between narrative and non-narrative discourse mode is a fundamental one that has consequences for the use of grammar. In a second step, I discuss three central questions within the intersection between narrative micro- and macro-structures, namely (i) the definition of narrativity, (ii) the status of the narrator, and (iii) the relation between narration and fictionality. In sum, the article argues that investigations on the ‘grammar of narration’ do not just offer insights into a specific text configuration next to others, but are deeply linked to fundamental theoretical questions concerning the architecture of language – and that the comparison between linguistic and narratological categories offers a potential for addressing them.
{"title":"Grammatik der Narration","authors":"Sonja Zeman","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2020-2011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2020-2011","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Is there a ‚narrative syntax‘, i. e. a special grammar restricted to narrative fiction? Starting from this question which has been investigated since early structuralism, the paper focusses on grammatical characteristics of narrative discourse mode and their implications for a linguistic theory of narration. Its goal is two-fold: In a first step, the traditional accounts by Benveniste, Hamburger, Kuroda and recent typological studies are brought together in order to support the claim that the distinction between narrative and non-narrative discourse mode is a fundamental one that has consequences for the use of grammar. In a second step, I discuss three central questions within the intersection between narrative micro- and macro-structures, namely (i) the definition of narrativity, (ii) the status of the narrator, and (iii) the relation between narration and fictionality. In sum, the article argues that investigations on the ‘grammar of narration’ do not just offer insights into a specific text configuration next to others, but are deeply linked to fundamental theoretical questions concerning the architecture of language – and that the comparison between linguistic and narratological categories offers a potential for addressing them.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2020-2011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42246414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Text comprehension is based on the literal content of sentences and pragmatic enrichment. Theories of pragmatic enrichment in the literature include enrichment of narrative texts, but also pragmatic content conveyed by presupposition triggers. Taking texts by Ror Wolf as my test case, I illustrate that our capacity of pragmatic enrichment can be abused to understand paradoxical content, even though the literal content of the text seems coherent at the surface level. This shows that pragmatic enrichment in narration is a genuine part of language processing and must not be equated with commonsense reasoning.
{"title":"Narrative Mikrostruktur","authors":"R. Eckardt","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2020-2012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2020-2012","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Text comprehension is based on the literal content of sentences and pragmatic enrichment. Theories of pragmatic enrichment in the literature include enrichment of narrative texts, but also pragmatic content conveyed by presupposition triggers. Taking texts by Ror Wolf as my test case, I illustrate that our capacity of pragmatic enrichment can be abused to understand paradoxical content, even though the literal content of the text seems coherent at the surface level. This shows that pragmatic enrichment in narration is a genuine part of language processing and must not be equated with commonsense reasoning.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2020-2012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49130297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract The present study focuses on serially occurring narrations of ‘everyday’ life, more specifically on birthing as narrated by mothers on online forums; the underlying idea being that these narrations happen against the background of cultural narratives. The present paper uses word embedding models to detect typical topics and actors in these narrations. The calculation of word embeddings automatically constructs semantic spaces, where semantic relations (synonymy in particular) can be modeled. This method offers a way to think of synonymy as ‘functional equivalence in discourse’. The present study relies on previous work with n-grams (Bubenhofer, 2018). N-grams are sequences of words that often appear together; their sequential order in different narrations gives insight in narrative patterns. A further step in the analysis is the construction of ‘narrative topoi’, which is achieved through clustering neighboring vectors. The emerging clusters can in turn be grouped into five narrative elements of ‘telling a birth story’: 1) disruption of daily life, 2) personnel, 3) body, 4) fear, 5) joy. While it seems obvious that certain themes ‘belong’ into the narration of a delivery, it is less obvious with what vocabulary these themes are expressed. The presented method of clustering word-embedding-profiles adds tremendously to the modelling of a narrative. Its advantages lie in its potential to show lexical variation, as it also includes rare, non-conformative orthographical variants. Furthermore, it allows for a discourse-specific (and usage-based) view on semantic relations. The same applies to relations between semantic clusters. Seen from a discourse linguistics or cultural analysis perspective, word embeddings renew our understanding of semantics. This shows particularly fruitful if used to analyze (discourse dependent) derivations between semantic spaces.
{"title":"Semantische Äquivalenz in Geburtserzählungen: Anwendung von Word Embeddings","authors":"Noah Bubenhofer","doi":"10.1515/zgl-2020-2014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1515/zgl-2020-2014","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The present study focuses on serially occurring narrations of ‘everyday’ life, more specifically on birthing as narrated by mothers on online forums; the underlying idea being that these narrations happen against the background of cultural narratives. The present paper uses word embedding models to detect typical topics and actors in these narrations. The calculation of word embeddings automatically constructs semantic spaces, where semantic relations (synonymy in particular) can be modeled. This method offers a way to think of synonymy as ‘functional equivalence in discourse’. The present study relies on previous work with n-grams (Bubenhofer, 2018). N-grams are sequences of words that often appear together; their sequential order in different narrations gives insight in narrative patterns. A further step in the analysis is the construction of ‘narrative topoi’, which is achieved through clustering neighboring vectors. The emerging clusters can in turn be grouped into five narrative elements of ‘telling a birth story’: 1) disruption of daily life, 2) personnel, 3) body, 4) fear, 5) joy. While it seems obvious that certain themes ‘belong’ into the narration of a delivery, it is less obvious with what vocabulary these themes are expressed. The presented method of clustering word-embedding-profiles adds tremendously to the modelling of a narrative. Its advantages lie in its potential to show lexical variation, as it also includes rare, non-conformative orthographical variants. Furthermore, it allows for a discourse-specific (and usage-based) view on semantic relations. The same applies to relations between semantic clusters. Seen from a discourse linguistics or cultural analysis perspective, word embeddings renew our understanding of semantics. This shows particularly fruitful if used to analyze (discourse dependent) derivations between semantic spaces.","PeriodicalId":43090,"journal":{"name":"ZEITSCHRIFT FUR GERMANISTISCHE LINGUISTIK","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2020-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1515/zgl-2020-2014","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44952846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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