{"title":"Cleveland Jews and the Making of a Midwestern Community ed. by Sean Martin and John J. Grabowski (review)","authors":"Deborah R. Weiner","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"93 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45737693","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The most interesting discussion of the place of Israel in the camps and the identification between Israel and Jewish identity is in Chapter 7, “Bringing Israel to Camp: Israeli Emissaries and Hebrew,” placed in the second, contemporary part of the book. The authors briefly describe the historical roots of this unique phenomenal, examine the differences between the Israeli and the American Jewish staff members, portray the conflation of Hebrew and Israel, and discuss the way the emissaries present Israel. However, they are focusing on the level of the individual emissaries and ignore the fact that they are a part of a long-lasting Israeli effort to influence American Jewish youth in general and American Jewish camps in particular. Starting with David Ben-Gurion, Hebrew education became one of the central foundations of Israel-Diaspora relations. Over the years the State of Israel and Zionist organizations invested millions of dollars in this goal, and, as the authors show in their epilogue, Israeli leaders still emphasize it today, assuming “Hebrew functions as a common denominator” for different Jews (248–249). As the authors focus only on American Jewish archives and most of the interviewees are American, the book is lacks sufficient discussion of this context. Nevertheless, Hebrew Infusion is an impressive and well written scholarly work that extends our understanding of American Judaism both past and present. It is a profound academic work, and at the same time it avoids jargon and may serve as a relevant reading for teachers and educators. One can only hope such interdisciplinary works will keep emerging and enrich both the field of research and its methodology.
关于以色列在难民营中的地位以及以色列和犹太人身份之间的认同，最有趣的讨论出现在本书当代第二部分的第7章“将以色列带到难民营：以色列特使和希伯来人”中。作者简要描述了这一独特现象的历史根源，考察了以色列和美国犹太工作人员之间的差异，描绘了希伯来语和以色列的融合，并讨论了使者呈现以色列的方式。然而，他们关注的是个别特使的水平，而忽略了这样一个事实，即他们是以色列长期努力的一部分，目的是影响美国犹太青年，特别是美国犹太难民营。从David Ben Gurion开始，希伯来语教育成为以色列侨民关系的核心基础之一。多年来，以色列国和犹太复国主义组织为此目标投资了数百万美元，正如作者在结语中所示，以色列领导人今天仍然强调这一点，认为“希伯来语是不同犹太人的共同点”（248-249）。由于作者只关注美国犹太档案，而大多数受访者都是美国人，因此本书缺乏对这一背景的充分讨论。尽管如此，《希伯来灌输》是一部令人印象深刻、文笔优美的学术著作，它扩展了我们对美国犹太教过去和现在的理解。这是一部深刻的学术著作，同时它避免了行话，可以作为教师和教育工作者的相关读物。人们只能希望这样的跨学科作品不断涌现，丰富研究领域及其方法论。
{"title":"Rebel Cinderella: From Rags to Riches to Radical, the Epic Journey of Rose Pastor Stokes by Adam Hochschild (review)","authors":"Ashley Walters","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0006","url":null,"abstract":"The most interesting discussion of the place of Israel in the camps and the identification between Israel and Jewish identity is in Chapter 7, “Bringing Israel to Camp: Israeli Emissaries and Hebrew,” placed in the second, contemporary part of the book. The authors briefly describe the historical roots of this unique phenomenal, examine the differences between the Israeli and the American Jewish staff members, portray the conflation of Hebrew and Israel, and discuss the way the emissaries present Israel. However, they are focusing on the level of the individual emissaries and ignore the fact that they are a part of a long-lasting Israeli effort to influence American Jewish youth in general and American Jewish camps in particular. Starting with David Ben-Gurion, Hebrew education became one of the central foundations of Israel-Diaspora relations. Over the years the State of Israel and Zionist organizations invested millions of dollars in this goal, and, as the authors show in their epilogue, Israeli leaders still emphasize it today, assuming “Hebrew functions as a common denominator” for different Jews (248–249). As the authors focus only on American Jewish archives and most of the interviewees are American, the book is lacks sufficient discussion of this context. Nevertheless, Hebrew Infusion is an impressive and well written scholarly work that extends our understanding of American Judaism both past and present. It is a profound academic work, and at the same time it avoids jargon and may serve as a relevant reading for teachers and educators. One can only hope such interdisciplinary works will keep emerging and enrich both the field of research and its methodology.","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"85 - 88"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43602655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"\"Weizmann to her was God\": Dorothy Thompson's Journey to and from Zionism","authors":"Walker Robins","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"55 - 80"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41975805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In March 1906, a woman, signing as “the friendless woman of Lynn, Mass.,” reached out to the Yiddish Forverts’s advice columnist Abraham Cahan to decry her forced divorce, and the devastating financial hurdles that had resulted from it. The young mother of a two-year old and a one-month-old baby described, in A Bintel Brief, how the process of spousal desertion had unfolded. After she and her husband mutually agreed upon a divorce, the couple turned to a rabbi in Providence, Rhode Island, to dissolve the marriage.2 When the rabbi refused to proceed with the ceremony, rebuking the couple for “leaving a living orphan,” the husband tried his luck with a different religious authority, this time with more success. By then, however, the wife no longer agreed to a divorce. Yet, she was taken to the other rabbi by force, and divorced against her will. Lured by the twenty-five-dollar bill that the husband had placed in front of him, the second rabbi hurried to prepare the get (bill of divorce). Following this procedure, the man disappeared, leaving the “friendless woman” and their children entirely destitute. Consequently, the newly divorced woman wrote to the Forverts in search of the financial support necessary for her survival: “Now there remains for me to ask some advice of you, as to what I should do.
{"title":"\"Should I go to other Rabbis … or should I go to court\": Eastern European Jewish women and Marital Litigation, 1900–1920","authors":"Géraldine Gudefin","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0001","url":null,"abstract":"In March 1906, a woman, signing as “the friendless woman of Lynn, Mass.,” reached out to the Yiddish Forverts’s advice columnist Abraham Cahan to decry her forced divorce, and the devastating financial hurdles that had resulted from it. The young mother of a two-year old and a one-month-old baby described, in A Bintel Brief, how the process of spousal desertion had unfolded. After she and her husband mutually agreed upon a divorce, the couple turned to a rabbi in Providence, Rhode Island, to dissolve the marriage.2 When the rabbi refused to proceed with the ceremony, rebuking the couple for “leaving a living orphan,” the husband tried his luck with a different religious authority, this time with more success. By then, however, the wife no longer agreed to a divorce. Yet, she was taken to the other rabbi by force, and divorced against her will. Lured by the twenty-five-dollar bill that the husband had placed in front of him, the second rabbi hurried to prepare the get (bill of divorce). Following this procedure, the man disappeared, leaving the “friendless woman” and their children entirely destitute. Consequently, the newly divorced woman wrote to the Forverts in search of the financial support necessary for her survival: “Now there remains for me to ask some advice of you, as to what I should do.","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"1 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46222338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The American Jewish Philanthropic Complex: The History of a Multibillion-Dollar Institution by Lila Corwin Berman (review)","authors":"K. McCarthy","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"81 - 83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41609431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Hebrew Infusion: Language and Community at American Jewish Summer Camps by Sarah Bunin Benor et al. (review)","authors":"Adi Sherzer","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0005","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"83 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47582295","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Museum of the Southern Jewish Experience (review)","authors":"Golan Moskowitz","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2022.0013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2022.0013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"106 1","pages":"103 - 105"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45811254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
and history in Chicago and determine if the social trajectories of these groups took similar or different directions. For example, did Irish gangs lose a foothold in organized crime because they were absorbed more completely in the Chicago machine politics? Or did the Italian gangs become more powerful as criminal organizations because they were by and large excluded from this more direct access to power and money? Kraus does not provide an in-depth comparison along these lines, though he hints at several lines of inquiry. And he does not take us very far into a comparative discussion of Jewish culture or socioeconomic factors that would prompt the rise of Jewish gangsters in particular compared with the social experiences of Italians or the Irish. However, this was not Kraus’s intention. He wants to tell a more focused story of the Jewish gangster in Chicago. This he does with great detail, insight, and perspective. The Kosher Capones fills in a missing gap in the ongoing challenge to explain the incredible, century-long institutionalization of organized crime in Chicago.
{"title":"The Jews of Eighteenth-Century Jamaica: A Testamentary History of a Diaspora in Transition by Stanley Mirvis (review)","authors":"T. Burnard","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2021.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2021.0044","url":null,"abstract":"and history in Chicago and determine if the social trajectories of these groups took similar or different directions. For example, did Irish gangs lose a foothold in organized crime because they were absorbed more completely in the Chicago machine politics? Or did the Italian gangs become more powerful as criminal organizations because they were by and large excluded from this more direct access to power and money? Kraus does not provide an in-depth comparison along these lines, though he hints at several lines of inquiry. And he does not take us very far into a comparative discussion of Jewish culture or socioeconomic factors that would prompt the rise of Jewish gangsters in particular compared with the social experiences of Italians or the Irish. However, this was not Kraus’s intention. He wants to tell a more focused story of the Jewish gangster in Chicago. This he does with great detail, insight, and perspective. The Kosher Capones fills in a missing gap in the ongoing challenge to explain the incredible, century-long institutionalization of organized crime in Chicago.","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"105 1","pages":"447 - 449"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42400969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Starstruck in the Promised Land: How the Arts Shaped Passions About Israel by Shalom Goldman (review)","authors":"J. Carr","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2021.0046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2021.0046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"105 1","pages":"440 - 442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45855318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Medicalization and the Mainstreaming of Circumcision in Mid-twentieth-century America","authors":"Elizabeth Reis","doi":"10.1353/ajh.2021.0033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/ajh.2021.0033","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":43104,"journal":{"name":"AMERICAN JEWISH HISTORY","volume":"105 1","pages":"321 - 342"},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2021-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49522283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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