Large urban hospitals are a privileged observatory for studying labour, apprenticeships and wages. In the late Middle Ages these institutions were loci where various types of working relationships were tested. The goal of this first comparative study is twofold: first, to schematically draw and describe how the staff of large hospitals in four European cities was typically structured and organised; secondly, it aims to highlight the broad spectrum of salaries, professional specializations and working conditions among the different categories of hospital workers.
{"title":"Trabajo y aprendizaje en los hospitales de la Baja Edad Media. Aproximación comparativa entre Barcelona, Milán, Nápoles y Siena","authors":"S. Marino","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5955","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5955","url":null,"abstract":"Large urban hospitals are a privileged observatory for studying labour, apprenticeships and wages. In the late Middle Ages these institutions were loci where various types of working relationships were tested. The goal of this first comparative study is twofold: first, to schematically draw and describe how the staff of large hospitals in four European cities was typically structured and organised; secondly, it aims to highlight the broad spectrum of salaries, professional specializations and working conditions among the different categories of hospital workers.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42341679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This essay sheds light on the political legitimacy crisis involving the Naples Seggi nobility between 15th and 16th century, after the fall of the oligarchic regimento , managed before exclusively by Seggi during almost the whole Aragonese age. This divided nobility restored legitimacy long-term languages, both unitary and divisive, and inspired power paradigms and practices to original options of political classicism, developing new plans for managing the new mixed government too, in order to legitimate the Seggi antiqui lineages prominence compared to the new associated members and the Popolo citizens.
{"title":"I gentilhomini antiqui della capitale: la crisi di legittimità politica dei Seggi alla fine del regno aragonese","authors":"M. Santangelo","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5952","url":null,"abstract":"This essay sheds light on the political legitimacy crisis involving the Naples Seggi nobility between 15th and 16th century, after the fall of the oligarchic regimento , managed before exclusively by Seggi during almost the whole Aragonese age. This divided nobility restored legitimacy long-term languages, both unitary and divisive, and inspired power paradigms and practices to original options of political classicism, developing new plans for managing the new mixed government too, in order to legitimate the Seggi antiqui lineages prominence compared to the new associated members and the Popolo citizens.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45575382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Here are collected the expanded and reworked papers presentedon 15 June 2018 at the 1st Congress of the Italian Medievistic Historiography, organized by "Italian Society of Medievalists".
{"title":"Crisi di legittimità e pratiche politiche nel Regno aragonese di Napoli","authors":"R. D. Donne","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5947","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5947","url":null,"abstract":"Here are collected the expanded and reworked papers presentedon 15 June 2018 at the 1st Congress of the Italian Medievistic Historiography, organized by \"Italian Society of Medievalists\".","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44894995","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Sánchez-Pardo, María Jesús Pastor Llorca, Marcos Fernández Ferreiro
This paper explores the relationship between the social powers and church construction in Galicia (Northwest Spain) between the ninth and tenth centuries by combining textual and archaeological information. The study presents an unprecedented analysis of an exhaustive compilation of both kinds of sources for this territory dating from before the year 1000. We will focus on 23 cases for which textual and archaeological evidence coincide, allowing us to explore who promoted the construction of the churches in this region and how and when this happened. After reviewing the available data, we will analyse the social characteristics of the founders, as well as the technological aspects behind the buildings (construction techniques, plans, architectural sculpture, materials, decoration…). Results show how the highest aristocracies of the region invested intensely in quality architecture during this specific period as a key part of power strategies in the context of the internal consolidation of the Astur-Leonese Kingdom.
{"title":"Élites, arquitectura y fundación de iglesias en Galicia entre los siglos IX y X","authors":"J. Sánchez-Pardo, María Jesús Pastor Llorca, Marcos Fernández Ferreiro","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5953","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5953","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the relationship between the social powers and church construction in Galicia (Northwest Spain) between the ninth and tenth centuries by combining textual and archaeological information. The study presents an unprecedented analysis of an exhaustive compilation of both kinds of sources for this territory dating from before the year 1000. We will focus on 23 cases for which textual and archaeological evidence coincide, allowing us to explore who promoted the construction of the churches in this region and how and when this happened. After reviewing the available data, we will analyse the social characteristics of the founders, as well as the technological aspects behind the buildings (construction techniques, plans, architectural sculpture, materials, decoration…). Results show how the highest aristocracies of the region invested intensely in quality architecture during this specific period as a key part of power strategies in the context of the internal consolidation of the Astur-Leonese Kingdom.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45817115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This article aims to examine the stability of Venice’s constitutional and political system during the late Middle Ages, by considering the question from a new perspective. The analysis of the documents relative to Marino Falier’s conspiracy (1355), has elucidated three factors of political, economic, and cultural nature that helped overcome the subsequent impasse: the immediate reaction of the institutions, the attention to the economic framework, the good management of the image and the memory of the episode. These three factors were ever-present, and are also evident in the other two serious political crises that occurred during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, although with a different intensity and quality.
{"title":"La stabilità delle istituzioni veneziane nel Trecento. Aspetti politici, economici e culturali nella gestione della congiura di Marino Falier","authors":"Daniele Dibello","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5946","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5946","url":null,"abstract":"This article aims to examine the stability of Venice’s constitutional and political system during the late Middle Ages, by considering the question from a new perspective. The analysis of the documents relative to Marino Falier’s conspiracy (1355), has elucidated three factors of political, economic, and cultural nature that helped overcome the subsequent impasse: the immediate reaction of the institutions, the attention to the economic framework, the good management of the image and the memory of the episode. These three factors were ever-present, and are also evident in the other two serious political crises that occurred during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries, although with a different intensity and quality.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44186846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The collection of legal consilia of the Milanese jurist Signorolus de Homodeis senior (c. 1300-1371) is examined to show how a reputed man of law, who successfully taught in various Italian Universities, was called to give an interpretation of the socio-political changes that unravelling during the fourteenth century. The grants of pardon and grace, the criminal procedures, the rise of the Visconti dynasty at the expense of the communal institutions, the changing role of magistrates and officials, the procedures of public debt, the agreements of mutual protection between territorial powers: all of these topics were submitted to the jurist for opinion and examined in the light of legal knowledge. Even the lawyer’s mindset, shaped in the tradition of Roman law, was often bent and adapted to suit the new demands and needs.
米兰法学家Signorolus de homdeis senior(约1300-1371年)的法律咨询集被研究，以展示一个著名的法律人，他成功地在意大利多所大学任教，是如何被要求对14世纪出现的社会政治变化做出解释的。赦免和赦免的授予，刑事程序，维斯孔蒂王朝以牺牲公共机构为代价的崛起，地方法官和官员角色的变化，公共债务的程序，领土权力之间相互保护的协议:所有这些主题都提交给法学家，征求意见，并根据法律知识进行审查。即使是在罗马法传统中形成的律师的思维方式，也经常被弯曲和调整以适应新的要求和需要。
{"title":"Novità politiche della Lombardia del Trecento nei pareri legali di Signorolo Omodei","authors":"M. N. Covini","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5895","url":null,"abstract":"The collection of legal consilia of the Milanese jurist Signorolus de Homodeis senior (c. 1300-1371) is examined to show how a reputed man of law, who successfully taught in various Italian Universities, was called to give an interpretation of the socio-political changes that unravelling during the fourteenth century. The grants of pardon and grace, the criminal procedures, the rise of the Visconti dynasty at the expense of the communal institutions, the changing role of magistrates and officials, the procedures of public debt, the agreements of mutual protection between territorial powers: all of these topics were submitted to the jurist for opinion and examined in the light of legal knowledge. Even the lawyer’s mindset, shaped in the tradition of Roman law, was often bent and adapted to suit the new demands and needs.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45894812","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
It is not always easy to reconstruct the childbirth scene correctly, and the personalities and actions of those assisting labouring women during the Middle Ages can also remain ambiguous. In order elucidate the subject of childbirth, the topic must to be approached through the lens of anthropology, religion and medicine. In particular, it is possible to gather new information through the analysis of hagiographical texts (canonization processes and libri miraculorum ) – some of which are still unpublished – dating from the thirteenth to the beginning of the sixteenth century, in which the survival of either mother or child is often viewed as a miracle. These sources are fundamental to the history of women’s health care and childbirth in late Middle Ages.
{"title":"I miracoli del parto: personaggi e rituali nelle fonti agiografiche tra XIII e XVI secolo","authors":"Alessandra Foscati","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5864","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5864","url":null,"abstract":"It is not always easy to reconstruct the childbirth scene correctly, and the personalities and actions of those assisting labouring women during the Middle Ages can also remain ambiguous. In order elucidate the subject of childbirth, the topic must to be approached through the lens of anthropology, religion and medicine. In particular, it is possible to gather new information through the analysis of hagiographical texts (canonization processes and libri miraculorum ) – some of which are still unpublished – dating from the thirteenth to the beginning of the sixteenth century, in which the survival of either mother or child is often viewed as a miracle. These sources are fundamental to the history of women’s health care and childbirth in late Middle Ages.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49046447","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The Sforza secret chancery is one of the most investigated case studies in the context of the “documentary history of the institutions”. The chancery’s history, however, has remained incomplete: scholars have neglected the years of Francesco II (1522-1535). This article aims to fill this gap, offering broader considerations on the complexity of the second Sforza “restoration”. The perspective of documentary history highlights the strong political agency underlying Francesco II’s governance. Despite his predicaments, Francesco proved to be able to actively design important elements of what would become the institutional framework of the State of Milan in the early modern period.
{"title":"La cancelleria segreta sforzesca al tempo del duca Francesco II (1522-1535): contributo a una storia documentaria del ducato di Milano durante le Guerre d’Italia","authors":"G. Giudici","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5871","url":null,"abstract":"The Sforza secret chancery is one of the most investigated case studies in the context of the “documentary history of the institutions”. The chancery’s history, however, has remained incomplete: scholars have neglected the years of Francesco II (1522-1535). This article aims to fill this gap, offering broader considerations on the complexity of the second Sforza “restoration”. The perspective of documentary history highlights the strong political agency underlying Francesco II’s governance. Despite his predicaments, Francesco proved to be able to actively design important elements of what would become the institutional framework of the State of Milan in the early modern period.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43911922","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Spanning the last years of Fernando I’s reign to the Anglo-Castilian agreement (1388) which concluded the Iberian period of the Hundred Years War, this article provides an in depth analysis of the role of the Portuguese clergy during the initial years of the Western Schism. Based on (Portuguese and non Portuguese) official chronicles, combined with documents from the royal Portuguese and Papal chanceries, the paper tackles the subject by taking a critical approach to the official historiographical interpretation and by considering the final decisions taken by the Crown. All the protagonists of the Portuguese Church are identified and classified by social category. The actions of the high ecclesiastical echelons, of the secular and regular clergy, and of the military orders are studied, as well as the political support (or opposition) they received.
{"title":"El papel del clero en el cambio dinástico en Portugal (1378-1388)","authors":"Francisco José Díaz Marcilla","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5833","url":null,"abstract":"Spanning the last years of Fernando I’s reign to the Anglo-Castilian agreement (1388) which concluded the Iberian period of the Hundred Years War, this article provides an in depth analysis of the role of the Portuguese clergy during the initial years of the Western Schism. Based on (Portuguese and non Portuguese) official chronicles, combined with documents from the royal Portuguese and Papal chanceries, the paper tackles the subject by taking a critical approach to the official historiographical interpretation and by considering the final decisions taken by the Crown. All the protagonists of the Portuguese Church are identified and classified by social category. The actions of the high ecclesiastical echelons, of the secular and regular clergy, and of the military orders are studied, as well as the political support (or opposition) they received.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47391266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The paper provides an insight into the life of the Augustinian convent of Saint Augustine in Rome during the fifteenth century. The preservation of records, together with the diplomatic fund and the documentation produced by the Prior General of the Order, allows the study of the relationship between the friars and the Urbs in its different aspects. Sometimes donations and last will of the believers, Romans and foreigners, pushed to build new chapels in the church of St. Augustine or in the nearby parish of St. Tryphon, also charged to the Hermits; they represent an interesting source for analyzing the connections with their benefactors and the development of the real estate of the convent.
{"title":"Gli agostiniani conventuali nel Quattrocento a Roma. Sant’Agostino e i suoi dintorni","authors":"A. Mazzon","doi":"10.6092/1593-2214/5638","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6092/1593-2214/5638","url":null,"abstract":"The paper provides an insight into the life of the Augustinian convent of Saint Augustine in Rome during the fifteenth century. The preservation of records, together with the diplomatic fund and the documentation produced by the Prior General of the Order, allows the study of the relationship between the friars and the Urbs in its different aspects. Sometimes donations and last will of the believers, Romans and foreigners, pushed to build new chapels in the church of St. Augustine or in the nearby parish of St. Tryphon, also charged to the Hermits; they represent an interesting source for analyzing the connections with their benefactors and the development of the real estate of the convent.","PeriodicalId":43107,"journal":{"name":"Reti Medievali Rivista","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.2,"publicationDate":"2018-06-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49090962","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"历史学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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