Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924601
Marie Schilling Grogan
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Alle Thyng Hath Tyme: Time and Medieval Life</em> by Gillian Adler and Paul Strohm <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Marie Schilling Grogan </li> </ul> <small>dillian adler</small> and <small>paul strohm</small>, <em>Alle Thyng Hath Tyme: Time and Medieval Life</em>. Medieval Lives Series. London: Reaktion Books, 2023. Pp. 247. <small>isbn</small>: 978–1789146790. £16.95. <p>In this handsome volume from Reaktion Books’ Medieval Lives series, Gillian Adler and Paul Strohm limn the ways that medieval people experience, measure, and theorize time, arguing for ‘the subtlety and complexity of medieval time’ (p. 103) as a byproduct of the age’s rich array of temporalities. Expertly ranging from the cloister to the civic square, from Benedict’s <em>Rule</em> to Arthurian romance, incorporating forty-nine color plates and quotations from a wide range of literary sources, this volume provides an overview of its subject that is intended to be accessible to a general readership but also offers much to engage medievalists and philosophers of time.</p> <p>The book begins in ‘Varieties of Time,’ Chapter One, by examining the ‘colliding systems’ of time under which medieval people lived, especially the seasonal and the liturgical. Certainly, rural laborers experienced their days and year according to the diurnal movement of the sun and the annual cycle of changing seasons, but Adler and Strohm argue that agricultural rhythms were also shaped by the temporality of monastic life. The authors mine works of imagination such as <em>Pearl</em> and <em>Piers Plowman</em> for evidence that the world beyond the cloister adopted the language of the liturgical hours and calendar; and, indeed, for everyone, the pealing of church bells at regular hours was the ‘sound of time’ (p. 44).</p> <p>Chapter Two, ‘Measuring Time,’ explores medieval efforts to gauge the passage of time with a variety of ingenious devices—candles, sundials, water clocks— culminating in the invention of mechanical clocks that would revolutionize the human experience of time, especially as large tower clocks in cathedrals regulated commerce and other secular social activities in the public square. But the authors also emphasize that, while many have imagined the late medieval advent of the mechanical clock as a modernizing moment, it is in fact the natural development of the long monastic history of time measurement. Chapter Three, ‘Time and the Planets,’ looks to the heavens to explore medieval understandings of how astral and planetary positions affected human life. Paying particular attention to the popularity—at least in courtly circles—of astrolabes and miscellanies devoted to astrology and time measurement, Adler and Strohm demonstrate a widespread belief that the order of the cosmos both reflected and influenced earthly experience. Of course, Chauce
{"title":"Alle Thyng Hath Tyme: Time and Medieval Life by Gillian Adler and Paul Strohm (review)","authors":"Marie Schilling Grogan","doi":"10.1353/art.2024.a924601","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/art.2024.a924601","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Alle Thyng Hath Tyme: Time and Medieval Life</em> by Gillian Adler and Paul Strohm <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Marie Schilling Grogan </li> </ul> <small>dillian adler</small> and <small>paul strohm</small>, <em>Alle Thyng Hath Tyme: Time and Medieval Life</em>. Medieval Lives Series. London: Reaktion Books, 2023. Pp. 247. <small>isbn</small>: 978–1789146790. £16.95. <p>In this handsome volume from Reaktion Books’ Medieval Lives series, Gillian Adler and Paul Strohm limn the ways that medieval people experience, measure, and theorize time, arguing for ‘the subtlety and complexity of medieval time’ (p. 103) as a byproduct of the age’s rich array of temporalities. Expertly ranging from the cloister to the civic square, from Benedict’s <em>Rule</em> to Arthurian romance, incorporating forty-nine color plates and quotations from a wide range of literary sources, this volume provides an overview of its subject that is intended to be accessible to a general readership but also offers much to engage medievalists and philosophers of time.</p> <p>The book begins in ‘Varieties of Time,’ Chapter One, by examining the ‘colliding systems’ of time under which medieval people lived, especially the seasonal and the liturgical. Certainly, rural laborers experienced their days and year according to the diurnal movement of the sun and the annual cycle of changing seasons, but Adler and Strohm argue that agricultural rhythms were also shaped by the temporality of monastic life. The authors mine works of imagination such as <em>Pearl</em> and <em>Piers Plowman</em> for evidence that the world beyond the cloister adopted the language of the liturgical hours and calendar; and, indeed, for everyone, the pealing of church bells at regular hours was the ‘sound of time’ (p. 44).</p> <p>Chapter Two, ‘Measuring Time,’ explores medieval efforts to gauge the passage of time with a variety of ingenious devices—candles, sundials, water clocks— culminating in the invention of mechanical clocks that would revolutionize the human experience of time, especially as large tower clocks in cathedrals regulated commerce and other secular social activities in the public square. But the authors also emphasize that, while many have imagined the late medieval advent of the mechanical clock as a modernizing moment, it is in fact the natural development of the long monastic history of time measurement. Chapter Three, ‘Time and the Planets,’ looks to the heavens to explore medieval understandings of how astral and planetary positions affected human life. Paying particular attention to the popularity—at least in courtly circles—of astrolabes and miscellanies devoted to astrology and time measurement, Adler and Strohm demonstrate a widespread belief that the order of the cosmos both reflected and influenced earthly experience. Of course, Chauce","PeriodicalId":43123,"journal":{"name":"Arthuriana","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924597
Dennis Tredy
Abstract:
This study closely compares David Lowery’s film The Green Knight to his 2018 screenplay, detailing the many changes he made during two months of filming in 2019 and in post-production. These include changes due to location choices and budget, those regarding Lowery’s use of literary and cinematic subtexts, those made to his main characters (both male and female), and structural modifications distorting the linearity of the storyline. The analysis reveals Lowery’s organic filmmaking techniques, his changing priorities and how one’s vision at the outset of such an endeavor does indeed seldom match its final form.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924598
Michael W. Twomey
Abstract:
Considering the trees and marginal areas of forests known ecologically as ecotones enables an appreciation of environmental realism as a purposeful literary strategy in the Forest of Adventure of Arthurian romances.
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Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924607
Kathleen Forni
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Wife of Bath: A Biography</em> by Marion Turner <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Kathleen Forni </li> </ul> <small>marion turner</small>, <em>The Wife of Bath: A Biography</em>. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2023. Pp. x, 320. 14 color illustrations. <small>isbn</small>: 9780691206011. $29.95. <p>Highly readable, affordable ($20.97 for the ebook), with color illustrations and a striking green and pink cover featuring a design of the Ellesmere Wife of Bath, Turner’s book is a model for public-facing humanities. Princeton University Press has done its share to promote the book, which immediately created buzz, featured on National Public Radio and warmly reviewed by the <em>Guardian</em>, <em>New York Times</em>, <em>New Yorker</em>, and the <em>Times Literary Supplement</em> (to name only a few print venues) within weeks of its release. And the title itself is catchy, given that it’s a biography of a fictional character. Indeed, the book casts a wide net, and is intended for both Chaucerians and an educated audience with an interest in the Middle Ages and literary history. Chaucerians will recognize the enormous amount of research and scholarship that informs Turner’s details about Chaucer’s historical and social milieu, and less specialized readers will appreciate the story-driven narratives that control those details.</p> <p>I had an undergraduate who said that he would ‘kill himself’ if he were married to the Wife of Bath, and Turner is adept at describing the power and, for some, the appeal of this fictional character. Although citing literary antecedents such as La Vielle in the <em>Romance of the Rose</em>, Turner makes a compelling case for the originality of Chaucer’s characterization of an ‘ordinary,’ female, middle-class, self-conscious, first-person narrator, tracing the interest in subjectivity and interiority partly to the tradition of confession (dating to the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215). Neither a real medieval woman nor a mosaic of misogynistic textual stereotypes, the Wife of Bath (Alison) nonetheless has characteristics that audiences in the fourteenth century would have recognized. The first part of book situates Alison within the social and historical context of northern medieval Europe in which the Black Death had afforded economic opportunities (working in service, victualling, brewing, textiles, and clothes production) that allowed women a new degree of social mobility. Turner compares <strong>[End Page 107]</strong> the Wife of Bath to real women who worked, remarried (among others, Chaucer’s mother, cousin, and granddaughter), went on pilgrimage, and wrote (Margery Kempe, Heloise, Christine de Pisan, Julian of Norwich). Turner makes the case that the Wife of Bath would not have been considered unrealistic or absurd in terms of her experience, nor in
{"title":"The Wife of Bath: A Biography by Marion Turner (review)","authors":"Kathleen Forni","doi":"10.1353/art.2024.a924607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/art.2024.a924607","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Wife of Bath: A Biography</em> by Marion Turner <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Kathleen Forni </li> </ul> <small>marion turner</small>, <em>The Wife of Bath: A Biography</em>. Princeton and Oxford: Princeton University Press, 2023. Pp. x, 320. 14 color illustrations. <small>isbn</small>: 9780691206011. $29.95. <p>Highly readable, affordable ($20.97 for the ebook), with color illustrations and a striking green and pink cover featuring a design of the Ellesmere Wife of Bath, Turner’s book is a model for public-facing humanities. Princeton University Press has done its share to promote the book, which immediately created buzz, featured on National Public Radio and warmly reviewed by the <em>Guardian</em>, <em>New York Times</em>, <em>New Yorker</em>, and the <em>Times Literary Supplement</em> (to name only a few print venues) within weeks of its release. And the title itself is catchy, given that it’s a biography of a fictional character. Indeed, the book casts a wide net, and is intended for both Chaucerians and an educated audience with an interest in the Middle Ages and literary history. Chaucerians will recognize the enormous amount of research and scholarship that informs Turner’s details about Chaucer’s historical and social milieu, and less specialized readers will appreciate the story-driven narratives that control those details.</p> <p>I had an undergraduate who said that he would ‘kill himself’ if he were married to the Wife of Bath, and Turner is adept at describing the power and, for some, the appeal of this fictional character. Although citing literary antecedents such as La Vielle in the <em>Romance of the Rose</em>, Turner makes a compelling case for the originality of Chaucer’s characterization of an ‘ordinary,’ female, middle-class, self-conscious, first-person narrator, tracing the interest in subjectivity and interiority partly to the tradition of confession (dating to the Fourth Lateran Council in 1215). Neither a real medieval woman nor a mosaic of misogynistic textual stereotypes, the Wife of Bath (Alison) nonetheless has characteristics that audiences in the fourteenth century would have recognized. The first part of book situates Alison within the social and historical context of northern medieval Europe in which the Black Death had afforded economic opportunities (working in service, victualling, brewing, textiles, and clothes production) that allowed women a new degree of social mobility. Turner compares <strong>[End Page 107]</strong> the Wife of Bath to real women who worked, remarried (among others, Chaucer’s mother, cousin, and granddaughter), went on pilgrimage, and wrote (Margery Kempe, Heloise, Christine de Pisan, Julian of Norwich). Turner makes the case that the Wife of Bath would not have been considered unrealistic or absurd in terms of her experience, nor in","PeriodicalId":43123,"journal":{"name":"Arthuriana","volume":"214 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924596
Marisa Mills
Abstract:
While the development and changes of Gawain’s character is of considerable interest to Arthurian scholars, Gringolet—the famous mount associated with him—receives comparatively less attention. Scholars should consider Gringolet a character himself and moreover, attend to the fact that his characterization changes through different romances, much like Gawain’s own.
{"title":"'Bi þat watz Gryngolet grayth and gurde with a sadel': Characterizing Gringolet in Old French and Middle English Romances","authors":"Marisa Mills","doi":"10.1353/art.2024.a924596","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/art.2024.a924596","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Abstract:</p><p>While the development and changes of Gawain’s character is of considerable interest to Arthurian scholars, Gringolet—the famous mount associated with him—receives comparatively less attention. Scholars should consider Gringolet a character himself and moreover, attend to the fact that his characterization changes through different romances, much like Gawain’s own.</p></p>","PeriodicalId":43123,"journal":{"name":"Arthuriana","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924605
Jonathan Seelye Martin
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>The Knight without Boundaries: Yiddish and German Arthurian Wigalois Adaptations</em> by Annegret Oehme <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Jonathan Seelye Martin </li> </ul> <small>annegret oehme</small>, <em>The Knight without Boundaries: Yiddish and German Arthurian Wigalois Adaptations</em>. Explorations in Medieval Culture Vol. 17. Leiden, Boston: Brill, 2022. Pp. viii, 189. <small>isbn</small>: 978–90–04–42547–7. $149. <p>Annegret Oehme’s <em>The Knight without Boundaries</em> is an exploration of an understudied and unique Yiddish-German Arthurian adaptation tradition that begins with Wirnt van Grafenberg’s Middle High German fair-unknown romance <em>Wigalois</em> (c. 1210/20) and continues all the way to the present day in the form of a 2011 comic book. What makes this tradition so fascinating and unique is its adaptation into Yiddish as <em>Viduvilt</em> (sixteenth century), a wildly successful text in its own right, which spawned further adaptations, including, via a 1699 Yiddish textbook, adaptations from Yiddish into German. Oehme’s monograph sets out to study this tradition through the lens of adaptation studies, a theoretical framework until now mostly applied to film but which Oehme convincingly shows is also highly useful for understanding the medieval process of artistic creation and inspiration. An important aspect of this theory is that it does not valorize the ‘original,’ either as an ideal from which all subsequent works depart or as a starting point for recipients. Instead, all works within the tradition inform the audience’s reception of the others, and a recipient might first enter the tradition through a chronologically later work. Oehme is particularly insistent that <em>Wigalois</em>-<em>Viduvilt</em> represent a single transcultural adaptation tradition rather than separate Yiddish-Jewish and German traditions. Instead, the <em>Wigalois-Viduvilt</em> tradition shows Jewish interest in and engagement with the literature of the majority culture and, far more rare, German gentile interest in Jewish stories and literature, a fact which Oehme connects to the inherent adaptability of both the German <em>Wigalois</em> and the Yiddish <em>Viduvilt</em>.</p> <p>True to her deemphasis on the original, Oehme’s first chapter uses an eighteenth-century adaptation, Ferdinand Roth’s German fairy tale <em>Ammenmährchen</em>, to expand on her integration of adaptation studies into medievalist frameworks such as ‘retelling’ <strong>[End Page 104]</strong> (<em>Wiedererzählen</em>). Her overview successfully shows the usefulness of this approach to discussion of medieval adaptation processes. In the next chapter, Oehme discusses <em>Wigalois</em> and demonstrates how it represents a generic experiment combining elements of the matters of Britain, France, and Rome. The various irritations caus
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Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924604
Peter H. Goodrich
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Tales of Merlin, Arthur, and the Magic Arts: From the Welsh Chronicle of the Six Ages of the World</em> by Elis Gruffydd <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Peter H. Goodrich </li> </ul> <small>elis gruffydd</small>, <em>Tales of Merlin, Arthur, and the Magic Arts: From the Welsh Chronicle of the Six Ages of the World</em>. Introduction by Jerry Hunter. Translated by Patrick K. Ford. Oakland: University of California Press, 2023. Pp. 158. <small>isbn</small>: 978–0–520–39025-6. $18.95. <p>Among the most important (and lengthiest) works in the Welsh language is the universal history written by a professional soldier who spent most of his life in <strong>[End Page 102]</strong> Calais. As a trusted servant of Sir Robert Wingfield during Henry VIII’s reign, Elis Gruffydd nevertheless retained his fondness for his native tongue and homeland in north Wales. Although not a bard or university educated, he was distinctively literate, finding time among his duties to pen four works, the most important of which is the <em>Chronicl Cwech Oes y Byd</em> of over 2400 pages, completed in 1552 and excerpted in this new translation by Patrick K. Ford. For those who can read Welsh, it is available online from the National Library of Wales in two manuscripts: NLW MS 5276D and NLW MS 3045D.</p> <p>Professor Jerry Hunter’s knowledgeable introduction provides a fine insight into Gruffydd’s life and work, providing not only the biographical facts but the flavor of what it meant to be a sixteenth-century Welshman of the lesser gentry. Professor Ford’s translation originated in a graduate reading group that was cut short by COVID-19. It is a canny selection of highlights that will be of special interest to Arthurians and those interested in British folklore. Like Ford’s earlier translations, such as the <em>The Mabinogi and Other Medieval Welsh Tales</em> (1977), which I assigned several times as a course text, this slender new volume is both clear and direct in style, while remaining faithful to the flow and even quirks of Gruffydd’s composition. Many Arthurians and Celticists have long wished for such a book.</p> <p>Gruffydd spent untold hours using ‘a dizzying combination of sources [some no longer extant] in a variety of languages’ (p. 2), adding personal comments and recollections. As Ford notes, the <em>Chronicle</em> was inscribed in Gruffydd’s spare time— sometimes hastily—and presents the reader with difficulties beyond just length, such as non-normalized spelling, scarce punctuation, haphazard capitalization, and vagaries in pronoun reference. Both Hunter and Ford are to be commended for their scholarly stubbornness in persisting with the study of the author’s entire <em>oeuvre</em> and making at least this small portion of it available to modern English readers.</p> <p>The translated texts are divided into three s
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者： 梅林、亚瑟和魔法的故事：Elis Gruffydd 彼得-H-古德里奇 Elis Gruffydd 著，《梅林、亚瑟和魔法的故事》：摘自《威尔士世界六世纪纪事》。简介：杰里-亨特。帕特里克-K-福特译。奥克兰：奥克兰：加利福尼亚大学出版社，2023 年。Pp.ISBN：978-0-520-39025-6。$18.95.威尔士语中最重要（也是最长篇）的作品之一是由一位职业军人撰写的世界史，他的大半生都在 [End Page 102] 加莱度过。在亨利八世统治时期，埃利斯-格鲁菲德曾是罗伯特-温菲尔德爵士（Sir Robert Wingfield）的亲信仆人，但他对自己的母语和威尔士北部的故乡依然情有独钟。虽然他不是一位吟游诗人，也没有受过大学教育，但他具有独特的文学素养，在履行职责的同时还抽出时间撰写了四部作品，其中最重要的是长达 2400 多页的《Chronicl Cwech Oes y Byd》，该书完成于 1552 年，帕特里克-K-福特（Patrick K. Ford）在这本新译本中摘录了其中的部分内容。对于能够阅读威尔士语的人来说，可从威尔士国家图书馆在线查阅该书的两份手稿：NLW MS 5276D 和 NLW MS 3045D。杰里-亨特（Jerry Hunter）教授知识渊博，他的导言深入浅出地介绍了格鲁菲德的生平和作品，不仅提供了传记事实，还介绍了十六世纪威尔士小贵族的生活状况。福特教授的译本源自一个研究生阅读小组，该小组因 COVID-19 而中断。它精挑细选了其中的精华部分，亚瑟和那些对英国民间传说感兴趣的人一定会特别感兴趣。与福特早期的译作（如《马宾诺吉及其他中世纪威尔士故事》（The Mabinogi and Other Medieval Welsh Tales，1977 年）--我曾多次将其作为课程教材--一样，这本薄薄的新书在风格上既清晰又直接，同时还忠实于格鲁菲德的创作流程甚至怪癖。许多亚瑟学家和凯尔特学家一直希望能有这样一本书。格鲁菲德花费了数不清的时间，使用了 "令人眼花缭乱的各种语言的资料来源[有些已不复存在]"（第 2 页），并添加了个人评论和回忆。正如福特指出的那样，《编年史》是格鲁菲尔德利用业余时间写成的，有时写得很匆忙，给读者带来的困难不仅仅是篇幅，还有拼写不规范、标点符号少、大小写杂乱无章、代词用法变化无常等。亨特和福特两位学者坚持不懈地研究作者的全部作品，并至少将其中的一小部分提供给现代英语读者，他们的学术固执值得称赞。译文分为三个部分：最早的时代、圣经和古代 "以 "不列颠的起源 "结尾；其次是 "梅林和亚瑟"；最后是杂项 "魔法、预言和超自然的故事"，其中包括两篇关于 Gwion Bach-Taliesin 的故事，是对福特仍在印刷的《马宾诺吉翁》卷的补充。福特并不总是按照手稿顺序排列，但偶尔也会将相关的文本进行分组，例如那些以格维森/沃提根（Gwerthyrn/Vortigern）为主角的文本。他还将 "石中剑 "的故事放在亚瑟为巩固王国而进行的早期战斗之后，而将梅林的死放在其余亚瑟故事之前，尽管该故事在手稿中的位置较晚。亚瑟王》中有一个故事非常独特，亚瑟在与作家吉尔达斯的弟弟怀尔的争斗中落败，并换装与一位心仪的女孩共舞。格鲁菲德从大量资料中汲取灵感，偶尔也会出现明显的错误，比如面对梅林之死的不同版本，他在谈到湖中女士时写道："蒙茅斯的杰弗里说，由于害怕生命危险，她从岛上逃到了加斯科尼，因为她害怕人们一直在谈论梅林"（第 91 页）。由于他使用了大量威尔士和中世纪早期的材料，人们很容易忘记埃利斯是都铎王朝时期的编年史作家，他继承了世界历史、亚瑟王传说和现代早期民间传说中丰富、多样和悠久的传统。他的 [第103页完] 文本经常提醒我们这一点，比如当他对梅林建造巨石阵或...
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Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924600
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> News from the North American Branch <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p>Website of the IAS-NAB: http://www.international-arthurian-society-nab.org/.</p> <h2><small>nab officers december 15, 2021–2024 (for full addresses, see: http://www.international-arthuriansociety-nab.org/ contact)</small></h2> <ul> <li> <p><em>President</em>: Joseph M. Sullivan (University of Oklahoma)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Immediate Past President</em>: David F. Johnson (Florida State University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Vice President</em>: Siân Echard (The University of British Columbia)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Secretary–Treasurer</em>: Jonathan S. Martin (Illinois State University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Bibliographer</em>: Ann Howey (Brock University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Early Career Member</em>: Margaret Sheble (Independent Scholar)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Graduate Student Member</em>: Tirumular (Drew) Narayanan (University of Wisconsin, Madison)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Arthuriana Editor</em>: Dorsey Armstrong (Purdue University)</p> </li> </ul> <h2><small>advisory committee</small>:</h2> <ul> <li> <p><em>Canadian Representative:</em> Cory Rushton (St. Francis Xavier University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Celtic</em>: Melissa Ridley Elmes (Lindenwood University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>English</em>: Molly Martin (University of Indianapolis)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Germanic</em>: Susanne Hafner (Fordham University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Post–Medieval</em>: Usha Vishnuvajjala (SUNY, New Paltz)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Romance Languages</em>: Kathy Krause (University of Missouri, Kansas City)</p> </li> </ul> <h2><small>past issues of</small> <em><small>arthuriana:</small></em></h2> <p>For back issues of <em>Arthuriana</em>, contact editor Dorsey Armstrong (camelot@purdue.edu) <strong>[End Page 79]</strong></p> <h2><small>ias-nab events, 59</small><sup><small>th</small></sup> <small>international congress on medieval studies (may 9–11, 2024)</small></h2> <p><small>prior to the start of the icms:</small></p> <p><em>Virtual IAS-NAB Executive and Advisory Committee Meeting</em>: Saturday, May 4, 2024, 11–12 EDT on Zoom; (Only members of the EAC need or indeed may attend.)</p> <p><small>meetings during the icms</small></p> <p><em>Arthuriana Editorial Board Meeting</em>: Wednesday, May 8, 2024, 5-6 p.m. EDT, in-person and via Zoom; location Student Center 2207.</p> <p><em>IAS-NAB Business Meeting</em>: Friday, May 10, 2024, 12–1 p.m. EST, in-person in Student Center 3203 (Open to all members and to all who wish to become members)</p> <ol> <li> <p>1. Adoption of Agenda</p> </li> <li> <p>2. A Note about Awards</p> </li> <li> <p>3. Minutes of 2023 business meetings [as emailed out prior to ICMS and printed in <em>Arthuriana</em>, 34.1]</p> </li> <li> <p>4. President’s Report</p> </li> <li> <p>5. Recognition of this year’s ICMS speakers from the branch</p> </li> <li> <p>6. Secretary
以下是内容简介，以代替摘要： 来自 IAS-NAB 北美分会网站的消息： http://www.international-arthurian-society-nab.org/. 2021-2024 年 12 月 15 日的 NAB 官员（完整地址请参见： http://www.international-arthuriansociety-nab.org/ 联系方式） 主席： Joseph M. Sullivan（俄克拉荷马大学Joseph M. Sullivan (University of Oklahoma) 上任主席： David F. Johnson (Florida State University)副主席： Siân Echard（佛罗里达州立大学秘书兼财务主管： Jonathan S. Martin（伊利诺伊州立大学Jonathan S. Martin（伊利诺伊州立大学） 书目编辑： Ann Howey（布洛克大学Ann Howey（布洛克大学） 早期职业成员： Margaret Sheble（独立学者Margaret Sheble（独立学者） 研究生会员：Tirumular (Drew) Narayanan（威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校） Arthuriana 编辑：多西-阿姆斯特朗（普渡大学）顾问委员会： 加拿大代表Cory Rushton（圣弗朗西斯泽维尔大学） Celtic：Melissa Ridley Elmes（林登伍德大学） 英语：Molly Martin（印第安纳波利斯大学日耳曼语：Susanne Hafner（福特汉姆大学） 后中世纪：Usha Vishnuvajjala（纽约州立大学新帕尔兹分校） 罗马语言：Kathy Krause（密苏里大学堪萨斯城分校）《亚瑟安娜》往期：有关《亚瑟安娜》往期，请联系编辑 Dorsey Armstrong (camelot@purdue.edu) [End Page 79] IAS-NAB 活动，第 59 届国际中世纪研究大会（2024 年 5 月 9-11 日）在国际中世纪研究大会开始之前举行：虚拟 IAS-NAB 执行和咨询委员会会议：IAS-NAB 执行和咨询委员会虚拟会议：美国东部时间 2024 年 5 月 4 日（星期六）11-12 点，Zoom；（只有执行和咨询委员会成员需要或确实可以参加：美国东部时间 2024 年 5 月 8 日星期三下午 5-6 点，亲自参加或通过 Zoom 参加；地点：学生中心 2207。IAS-NAB 商务会议：美国东部时间 2024 年 5 月 10 日星期五中午 12:00-1:00 在学生中心 3203 举行（向所有会员和希望成为会员的人员开放） 1.通过议程 2.关于奖项的说明 3.2023 年业务会议记录 [在 ICMS 之前通过电子邮件发送，并刊载于《亚瑟安娜》第 34.1 期] 4.主席报告 5.表彰分会今年的 ICMS 发言者 6.秘书-财务主管报告 7.亚瑟安娜》总编辑的报告 8.书目员报告 9.2025 年第 60 届 ICMS 拟议会议 10.新业务 亚瑟研究见面会和问答：美国东部时间 5 月 10 日星期五下午 6-7 点，虚拟。________ 国际亚瑟学会北美分会在第 59 届国际中世纪研究大会上主办和协办的会议，以及其他以亚瑟为主题的小组会议：[5 月 9 日星期四上午 10:00-11:30 星期四上午 10:00-11:30 星期四上午 10:00-11:30 星期四上午 10:00-11:30 星期四上午 10:00-11:30 星期四上午 10:00-11:30主持：IAS-NAB印第安纳波利斯大学 Molly A. Martin 组织者Molly A. Martin；Joseph M. Sullivan，俄克拉荷马大学 圆桌讨论：Jennifer Lopatin，印第安纳大学布卢明顿分校；Jessica Bates，佛罗里达州立大学；Thomas R. Schneider，加利福尼亚浸会大学；Karen Winstead，俄亥俄州立大学；Lisa G. Robeson，俄亥俄北方大学。Robeson，俄亥俄北方大学；Kathryn Walton，湖首大学；Richard Sévère，瓦尔帕莱索大学。 5 月 9 日（星期四）下午 1:30-3:00 电子会议 72：非常次要的亚瑟人物 (1)：法国和德国的传统（圆桌会议） 桑格伦厅 3140 主办单位：IAS-NAB 主讲人：Mr：主持：IAS-NABJoseph M. Sullivan, Univ. of Oklahoma Organizers：K.S. Whetter，阿卡迪亚大学；Joseph M. Sullivan 圆桌讨论：Kristin Burr，圣约瑟夫大学；Emily Aguayo，阿肯色大学法耶特维尔分校。阿肯色大学费耶特维尔分校的 Emily Aguayo、阿巴拉契亚州立大学的 Alexandra Sterling-Hellenbrand、纽约市立大学研究生中心的 Cortney Anne Berg、威斯康星大学麦迪逊分校的 Tirumular (Drew) Narayanan、第 129 节：非常次要的亚瑟人物 (2)：法语和英语传统（圆桌会议） Sangren Hall 3140 赞助商：主持人：K.S. Whetter, IAS-NABK.S. Whetter, Acadia Univ：圆桌讨论：Usha Vishnuvajjala，纽约州立大学新帕尔兹分校；Ricardo Matthews，加州大学尔湾分校；Kevin T. Grimm，奥克兰大学；Steven P. W. Bruso，恩迪科特学院；Jessica Bates，佛罗里达州立大学 [End Page 81] 5 月 10 日星期五上午 10:00-11:30，东部时间 第 184 场：历史、浪漫、幻想及其他：亚瑟王》中流派的融合 桑格伦厅 3140 主讲人： IAS-NABIAS-NAB 主讲人：Rachael K. Warming组织者：Rachael K. Warmington, Seton Hall Univ：Rachael K. Warmington；Joseph M. Sullivan，俄克拉荷马大学《不幸的披露》：流派、国家认同和《马宾诺吉》第二部中的周期性失败 独立学者丽贝卡-福克斯-布洛克（Rebecca FoxBlok）：《看那边！》：马洛里的《...
{"title":"News from the North American Branch","authors":"","doi":"10.1353/art.2024.a924600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1353/art.2024.a924600","url":null,"abstract":"<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span>\u0000<p> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> News from the North American Branch <!-- /html_title --></li> </ul> <p>Website of the IAS-NAB: http://www.international-arthurian-society-nab.org/.</p> <h2><small>nab officers december 15, 2021–2024 (for full addresses, see: http://www.international-arthuriansociety-nab.org/ contact)</small></h2> <ul> <li> <p><em>President</em>: Joseph M. Sullivan (University of Oklahoma)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Immediate Past President</em>: David F. Johnson (Florida State University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Vice President</em>: Siân Echard (The University of British Columbia)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Secretary–Treasurer</em>: Jonathan S. Martin (Illinois State University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Bibliographer</em>: Ann Howey (Brock University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Early Career Member</em>: Margaret Sheble (Independent Scholar)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Graduate Student Member</em>: Tirumular (Drew) Narayanan (University of Wisconsin, Madison)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Arthuriana Editor</em>: Dorsey Armstrong (Purdue University)</p> </li> </ul> <h2><small>advisory committee</small>:</h2> <ul> <li> <p><em>Canadian Representative:</em> Cory Rushton (St. Francis Xavier University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Celtic</em>: Melissa Ridley Elmes (Lindenwood University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>English</em>: Molly Martin (University of Indianapolis)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Germanic</em>: Susanne Hafner (Fordham University)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Post–Medieval</em>: Usha Vishnuvajjala (SUNY, New Paltz)</p> </li> <li> <p><em>Romance Languages</em>: Kathy Krause (University of Missouri, Kansas City)</p> </li> </ul> <h2><small>past issues of</small> <em><small>arthuriana:</small></em></h2> <p>For back issues of <em>Arthuriana</em>, contact editor Dorsey Armstrong (camelot@purdue.edu) <strong>[End Page 79]</strong></p> <h2><small>ias-nab events, 59</small><sup><small>th</small></sup> <small>international congress on medieval studies (may 9–11, 2024)</small></h2> <p><small>prior to the start of the icms:</small></p> <p><em>Virtual IAS-NAB Executive and Advisory Committee Meeting</em>: Saturday, May 4, 2024, 11–12 EDT on Zoom; (Only members of the EAC need or indeed may attend.)</p> <p><small>meetings during the icms</small></p> <p><em>Arthuriana Editorial Board Meeting</em>: Wednesday, May 8, 2024, 5-6 p.m. EDT, in-person and via Zoom; location Student Center 2207.</p> <p><em>IAS-NAB Business Meeting</em>: Friday, May 10, 2024, 12–1 p.m. EST, in-person in Student Center 3203 (Open to all members and to all who wish to become members)</p> <ol> <li> <p>1. Adoption of Agenda</p> </li> <li> <p>2. A Note about Awards</p> </li> <li> <p>3. Minutes of 2023 business meetings [as emailed out prior to ICMS and printed in <em>Arthuriana</em>, 34.1]</p> </li> <li> <p>4. President’s Report</p> </li> <li> <p>5. Recognition of this year’s ICMS speakers from the branch</p> </li> <li> <p>6. Secretary","PeriodicalId":43123,"journal":{"name":"Arthuriana","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.1,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140589768","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924606
Ann M. Martinez
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Writing the North of England in the Middle Ages: Regionalism and Nationalism in Medieval English Literature</em> by Joseph Taylor <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Ann M. Martinez </li> </ul> <small>joseph taylor</small>, <em>Writing the North of England in the Middle Ages: Regionalism and Nationalism in Medieval English Literature</em>. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2023. Pp. xiii, 254. <small>isbn</small>: 978–1–009–18211–9. $99. <p>The author begins by posing questions of English nationhood and regional identity, with a primary focus on the Middle Ages. From physical to ideological boundaries, he delves into the effects of geographical distance, religious, political, and linguistic divides, stating that ‘In medieval England, the North is not simply “other”; rather, the <strong>[End Page 105]</strong> broad region comprises a liminal space, both within and without a national frame’ (p. 4). Taylor sets up the North-South divide primarily through the lens of literature, examining relevant authors and texts: beginning with William of Malmesbury and Bede, then on to Chaucer, <em>A Gest of Robyn Hode</em>, and the Towneley plays. Due to the nature of the book’s focus, the North-South divide and the literature are historically contextualized.</p> <p>Taylor starts with an overview of the North-South tensions. He then poses seemingly simple questions requiring complicated answers: ‘What is Nation?’ (p. 8) and ‘Where <em>is</em> the North?’ (p. 13). He constructs a historical scaffold built on conquest, attempted decimation, and constant rebellion, outlining events, battles, and major political players. The first literary examination involves William of Malmesbury and Bede. Taylor reminds readers that a ‘desire to put forward a uniform English identity’ (p. 35) is missing from Bede’s work, as scholars have noted, while his love of Northumbria pervades his writings. Taylor argues that, although William admired Bede, in William’s <em>Gesta Pontificum Anglorum</em> he omits and overwrites material related to the North found in Bede’s <em>Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum,</em> showcasing his ‘marked derision of the North’ (p. 36). Taylor notes that for William, Northumbrians are ‘brutal, barbarous of speech, and unwilling to be ruled’ (p. 52), characteristics that make it difficult for William to present a unified nation in his writing.</p> <p>The author next explores how the divide manifested in medieval English universities. He delves into physical altercations and ideological differences of the ‘so-called university “nations”’ (p. 63), grouping students by region modeled on French practices. Southerners’ stereotypes of Northerners, and vice versa, led to hostilities in Oxford and Cambridge, including deadly altercations, culminating (but not evaporating) with the Stanford Schism, until King E
以下是内容的简要摘录，以代替摘要：评论者 中世纪英格兰北部的书写》：约瑟夫-泰勒（Ann M. Martinez）著，约瑟夫-泰勒（Joseph Taylor）译，《中世纪英格兰北部的写作：中世纪英国文学中的地域主义和民族主义》（Writing the North of England in the Middle Ages：中世纪英国文学中的地域主义与民族主义》。剑桥：剑桥大学出版社，2023 年。第 xiii 页，254 页。订书号：978-1-009-18211-9。$99.作者以中世纪为主要研究对象，首先提出了英国民族性和地区认同的问题。从物理边界到意识形态边界，他深入探讨了地理距离、宗教、政治和语言鸿沟的影响，指出 "在中世纪的英格兰，北方并不是简单的'他者'；相反，[第105页完]广阔的区域包含了一个边缘空间，既在国家框架之内，又不在国家框架之外"（第4页）。泰勒主要通过文学的视角来设定南北分野，研究了相关的作家和文本：从马姆斯伯里的威廉和比德开始，然后到乔叟、罗宾-霍德的寓言和汤尼利戏剧。由于本书重点的性质，南北分裂和文学作品都有历史背景。泰勒首先概述了南北紧张关系。然后，他提出了看似简单却需要复杂答案的问题："什么是民族"（第 8 页）和 "北方在哪里"（第 13 页）。他构建了一个建立在征服、企图消灭和不断反叛基础上的历史支架，概述了各种事件、战役和主要政治人物。第一个文学研究涉及马姆斯伯里的威廉和比德。泰勒提醒读者，正如学者们所指出的那样，比德的作品中缺少 "提出统一的英国身份的愿望"（第 35 页），而他对诺桑比亚的热爱却充斥在他的作品中。泰勒认为，尽管威廉钦佩比德，但在威廉的《Gesta Pontificum Anglorum》中，他省略并覆盖了比德《Historia Ecclesiastica Gentis Anglorum》中与北方有关的材料，展示了他 "对北方的明显嘲笑"（第 36 页）。泰勒指出，在威廉看来，诺桑比亚人 "残暴、言语野蛮、不愿被统治"（第 52 页），这些特点使得威廉很难在他的作品中展现一个统一的民族。作者接下来探讨了中世纪英国大学中的分歧表现。他深入探讨了 "所谓的大学'民族'"（第 63 页）之间的肢体冲突和意识形态差异，并仿照法国的做法将学生按地区分组。南方人对北方人的成见，以及北方人对南方人的成见，导致了牛津大学和剑桥大学的敌对行为，包括致命的争吵，最终导致了斯坦福大学分裂（但并没有消失），直到国王爱德华三世出面调停。泰勒将大学中的紧张关系设定为 "中世纪更大范围内南北分裂的意识形态和心理对立的缩影"（第 86 页）。虽然关于乔叟的章节侧重于《里夫的故事》，但作者也研究了《修道士的故事》、《法学家的故事》、《召唤师的故事》和《骑士的故事》。乔叟通过对不同朝圣者的描写，向读者展示了朝圣者之间的分歧。但泰勒认为，这种概述比乍看起来要复杂得多。他认为，乔叟 "意识到人们对北方的刻板印象是文化落后和野蛮的"（第 92 页），这一点可以从故事中看出。然而，读者对北方人物的情感反应使这一点变得更加复杂（第 97 页）。此外，乔叟与国王理查德二世、冈特的约翰以及其他主要北方人的个人交往，也说明他意识到北方在英国政治舞台上的影响力（第 98 页）。对于后来的世纪，泰勒进一步强调了所选文本中的政治和宗教分歧。在 A Gest of Robyn Hode 一书中，他认为罗宾不是一个简单的逃犯，而是一个 "伟大的北方巨头 "的矛盾形象，在这个浪漫的时代，他既 "通过保护王国的边界为国王服务，又为他的家族和地区的利益服务"（第 115 页）。泰勒探讨了不同地区对罗宾汉的不同接受程度，在南方，罗宾汉是娱乐人物，而在北方，他则是潜在的反叛人物（第 188 页）。汤尼利戏剧被视为宗教改革时期可能的叛乱煽动者。泰勒认为汤尼手稿中的托马斯剧作是一个更...
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Pub Date : 2024-04-09DOI: 10.1353/art.2024.a924603
Phillip C. Boardman
<span><span>In lieu of</span> an abstract, here is a brief excerpt of the content:</span> <p> <span>Reviewed by:</span> <ul> <li><!-- html_title --> <em>Encyclopedia of the Holy Grail</em> by Jeffrey John Dixon <!-- /html_title --></li> <li> Phillip C. Boardman </li> </ul> <small>jeffrey john dixon</small>, <em>Encyclopedia of the Holy Grail</em>. McFarland Myth and Legend Encyclopedias. McFarland: Jefferson, NC. 2023. Pp. iii, 328. <small>isbn</small>: 978–1–4766–8794-0. $39.95. <p>Arthurian scholars have been blessed in recent years with the steady release of major translation projects. At the same time, new reference works have often hidden their variety behind some agreed generic categories: handbook, glossary, guide, dictionary, casebook, companion, and others, including encyclopedia. Dixon’s new reference work, examining the rich but complicated traditions behind the many versions of the best known of the Grail stories, offers substantial summary retellings of the stories themselves. To that end, in fact, Dixon states that the retellings throughout the entries in his encyclopedia work to reveal and enable the ‘Enchantment’ that attends the discovery of the workings of contemporary Grail scholarship (p. 1).</p> <p>As with other successful reference works, Dixon’s makes its structure and materials quite clear: it is organized fully alphabetically and aims for contextual clarity rather than simple comprehensiveness. Dixon clearly wants his focus on retellings to encourage the reader’s engagement with the stories themselves, propelled by an energetic narrative style. To this end, Dixon reviews his endeavor through a summary essay that stands as a separate ‘Afterword’ entitled ‘Higher Mysteries: Grail Initiation as Twentieth Century Mythology.’ This essay is carefully linked to the larger Apparatus of the project and is a careful thirty-two-page exposition of the important period in the first third of the twentieth century when Arthurian scholars, fascinated by origin myths, occult symbolism, and initiation rituals, searched throughout the Grail narratives for clues connecting the occult elements.</p> <p>Dixon responds to his Afterword with three short appendices, all three first laying out a chronology of fictions, people, and historical events that he places beneath <strong>[End Page 101]</strong> the earliest fabric of the Grail stories, beginning with the birth of Jesus. The second appendix describes, in order beginning with <em>Diu Crône</em> (<em>The Crown)</em>, the importance and relationships of the developing early medieval Grail literature in the thirteenth century, a useful description and summary of some thirty versions of medieval works from both poetry and prose, including among many others Chrétien’s unfinished <em>Perceval</em>, several innovative continuations, and Malory’s <em>Le Morte Darthur</em>. The third appendix, ‘The Company of the Grail’ and subtitled ‘Some Twentieth Century Writers’ offers very brief introductions of
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