Shaheen Manna, Dipanwita Das, A. Saha, Sayantika Mukherjee
In specific areas of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, air temperatures are expanding at rates more than two times the international average; additionally, there are other direct human impacts on polar regions. A quick change in climate impacting the polar regions will similarly have huge physical and biological consequences for the last existing parts of the planet since the ice-engulfed Arctic Ocean, the Antarctic landform, and the worldwide eminent Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) serve a basic job in managing the Earth’s current circumstance and ocean systems. Polar biodiversity is presently responding to this rapid climate change and more massive impacts will happen in this era. Intensifying the danger to polar biodiversity is the certainty that numerous polar environments have restricted functional redundancy; in case of the disappearance of a solitary keystone species, they may possibly be exposed to descending impacts and complete biological system rebuilding. This study focussed on the contributing factors of ecological change, the effects of natural change on the Antarctic environment, next to the effects of environmental change on the types of Antarctic biodiversity. The most rapidly changing biological agenda on our planet are arranged in the polar regions. This issue is picked to research the effects of natural change on a particular region’s biodiversity.
{"title":"Consequence of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Biome of Antarctica - A Short Review","authors":"Shaheen Manna, Dipanwita Das, A. Saha, Sayantika Mukherjee","doi":"10.3233/jcc230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230011","url":null,"abstract":"In specific areas of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, air temperatures are expanding at rates more than two times the international average; additionally, there are other direct human impacts on polar regions. A quick change in climate impacting the polar regions will similarly have huge physical and biological consequences for the last existing parts of the planet since the ice-engulfed Arctic Ocean, the Antarctic landform, and the worldwide eminent Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) serve a basic job in managing the Earth’s current circumstance and ocean systems. Polar biodiversity is presently responding to this rapid climate change and more massive impacts will happen in this era. Intensifying the danger to polar biodiversity is the certainty that numerous polar environments have restricted functional redundancy; in case of the disappearance of a solitary keystone species, they may possibly be exposed to descending impacts and complete biological system rebuilding. This study focussed on the contributing factors of ecological change, the effects of natural change on the Antarctic environment, next to the effects of environmental change on the types of Antarctic biodiversity. The most rapidly changing biological agenda on our planet are arranged in the polar regions. This issue is picked to research the effects of natural change on a particular region’s biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88357813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santosh Kumar, Rohit Das, P. Sharma, Sonia Tamang, R. Ranjan, Nagendra Thakur
Hot springs are like nature’s spas, which include warm and humid aquatic habitats that serve as a sanctuary for a diverse range of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes fungi. Among these, fungi are one of the most important microorganisms, carrying out essential functions that often go unnoticed but are crucial in accelerating biological processes. These organisms have adapted to survive under a wide range of thermal conditions. While thermophilic fungi can withstand the scorching heat of deserts and hyper-saline conditions, other variants like mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi prefer more moderate and colder temperatures, respectively. The study employs shotgun metagenomic sequencing to obtain a fine-grained taxonomic classification of lesser-known species and microbial eukaryotes. This study aims to explore the relationship between fungal diversity and temperature in three distinct thermal zones; thermophilic (hot spring), mesophilic (plain field), and psychrophilic (semi-frigid zone) zones. The findings of our study demonstrated that there is a notable and positive association between the diversity of fungi and temperature, suggesting that temperature is a key factor in moulding fungal communities. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causal mechanisms of this relationship. Overall, our study adds to the knowledge of how environmental factors influence microbial diversity and can aid in the development of strategies for the conservation and management of fungal communities. Fungi are essential for many industrial applications, and their role in causing illnesses is also significant, making this research valuable for both scientific and practical purposes.
{"title":"Evaluation of Fungal Diversity in High Altitude Soils in Different Temperature Conditions","authors":"Santosh Kumar, Rohit Das, P. Sharma, Sonia Tamang, R. Ranjan, Nagendra Thakur","doi":"10.3233/jcc230016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230016","url":null,"abstract":"Hot springs are like nature’s spas, which include warm and humid aquatic habitats that serve as a sanctuary for a diverse range of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes fungi. Among these, fungi are one of the most important microorganisms, carrying out essential functions that often go unnoticed but are crucial in accelerating biological processes. These organisms have adapted to survive under a wide range of thermal conditions. While thermophilic fungi can withstand the scorching heat of deserts and hyper-saline conditions, other variants like mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi prefer more moderate and colder temperatures, respectively. The study employs shotgun metagenomic sequencing to obtain a fine-grained taxonomic classification of lesser-known species and microbial eukaryotes. This study aims to explore the relationship between fungal diversity and temperature in three distinct thermal zones; thermophilic (hot spring), mesophilic (plain field), and psychrophilic (semi-frigid zone) zones. The findings of our study demonstrated that there is a notable and positive association between the diversity of fungi and temperature, suggesting that temperature is a key factor in moulding fungal communities. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causal mechanisms of this relationship. Overall, our study adds to the knowledge of how environmental factors influence microbial diversity and can aid in the development of strategies for the conservation and management of fungal communities. Fungi are essential for many industrial applications, and their role in causing illnesses is also significant, making this research valuable for both scientific and practical purposes.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72535611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Climate change poses a roadblock. The number of droughts increasing year after year. Climate change is not only affecting farmers, government officials, politicians, and lawmakers but also every citizen of the country. Many famous academicians are also opining that the recent onion and tomato crisis is an example of the challenge from climatic change”. Goa is a tiny emerald land situated well on the west coast of India. Apart from Mining, Tourism, and Fishing, Agriculture is one of the major occupations; it plays a crucial role in the economy of the State. The above-said occupations provided the main livelihood to rural, urban, and coastal populations. According to FAO (2018), the share of the agricultural population in the study area is less than 32% among the working population and accounts for just 16% of the GDP. The statistical data for the agricultural scenario in Goa is indicating that traditional agriculture is declining concerning the area as well as production. Though agriculture is the backbone of the State’s economy, which provides a source of livelihood to the majority of Goan people, it is now rapidly declining due to physical as well as cultural factors. Researchers clearly say that, global warming is also one such factor, which is responsible for the reduction in agricultural pursuits. The present study discusses the trends, growth, and impact of global warming and climate change on agriculture patterns in Goa. Farmers, academicians, scientists, and politicians of the State think that there is an impact of climate change and global warming on Goan agriculture. The study further revealed that there is a reduction in area under staple crops, and most significantly yield/productivity is also declining (Economic Survey, 2020-21). Given global warming and climate change, coastal plains are exhibiting various problems like floods and landslides. Government officials have already revealed that the land-use pattern has already taken place in the study area, and a lot of damage has taken place concerning forests and mangroves. These are the main concern for our study to know the agricultural activities in Goa are largely impacted by global warming and climatic changes. Hence, all the hypotheses quoted tested positive.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change-Induced Rainfall on the Agriculture Pattern of Goa – A Geographical Perspective","authors":"P. R. Morakar, C. Hiremath, D. M. Jakati","doi":"10.3233/jcc230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230002","url":null,"abstract":"“Climate change poses a roadblock. The number of droughts increasing year after year. Climate change is not only affecting farmers, government officials, politicians, and lawmakers but also every citizen of the country. Many famous academicians are also opining that the recent onion and tomato crisis is an example of the challenge from climatic change”. Goa is a tiny emerald land situated well on the west coast of India. Apart from Mining, Tourism, and Fishing, Agriculture is one of the major occupations; it plays a crucial role in the economy of the State. The above-said occupations provided the main livelihood to rural, urban, and coastal populations. According to FAO (2018), the share of the agricultural population in the study area is less than 32% among the working population and accounts for just 16% of the GDP. The statistical data for the agricultural scenario in Goa is indicating that traditional agriculture is declining concerning the area as well as production. Though agriculture is the backbone of the State’s economy, which provides a source of livelihood to the majority of Goan people, it is now rapidly declining due to physical as well as cultural factors. Researchers clearly say that, global warming is also one such factor, which is responsible for the reduction in agricultural pursuits. The present study discusses the trends, growth, and impact of global warming and climate change on agriculture patterns in Goa. Farmers, academicians, scientists, and politicians of the State think that there is an impact of climate change and global warming on Goan agriculture. The study further revealed that there is a reduction in area under staple crops, and most significantly yield/productivity is also declining (Economic Survey, 2020-21). Given global warming and climate change, coastal plains are exhibiting various problems like floods and landslides. Government officials have already revealed that the land-use pattern has already taken place in the study area, and a lot of damage has taken place concerning forests and mangroves. These are the main concern for our study to know the agricultural activities in Goa are largely impacted by global warming and climatic changes. Hence, all the hypotheses quoted tested positive.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"111 6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90549032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
UHIs’ environmental and energy implications are well-known, but their significance in aggravating heat stress in populations is only recently being recognised. Planners, health managers, and public administrators now prioritise UHI prevention. Urban geometry, material finishes, and green and blue infrastructure are prominent UHI mitigation options. This paper examines urban geometry as a key parameter and reviews UHI research. This report also identifies information gaps and emphasizes the need for this type of research in key Indian metropolitan centers. The anticipated study will help public health planners and administrators. Methods: Authors compiled extensive literature on UHI and related concepts. The outcome intent was to understand the relevance of urban geometry parameters in UHI intensity and how it impacts outdoor thermal comfort. Various electronic databases were searched for publications meeting the criteria of outdoor thermal comfort and urban planning characters (urban geometry) as a mitigation strategy, ranging from 2000 to 2020. Summary: The impact of UHI on human comfort conditions cannot be ignored. Appropriate planning measures at the initial stages of city planning via urban geometry parameters can certainly yield encouraging results to reduce the intensity of UHI and improve outdoor thermal comfort conditions.
{"title":"Relevance of Urban Geometry and Outdoor Thermal Comfort in Urban Heat Island Mitigation – A Review","authors":"M. D. Malcoti, Hina Zia, C. Kabre","doi":"10.3233/jcc230005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230005","url":null,"abstract":"UHIs’ environmental and energy implications are well-known, but their significance in aggravating heat stress in populations is only recently being recognised. Planners, health managers, and public administrators now prioritise UHI prevention. Urban geometry, material finishes, and green and blue infrastructure are prominent UHI mitigation options. This paper examines urban geometry as a key parameter and reviews UHI research. This report also identifies information gaps and emphasizes the need for this type of research in key Indian metropolitan centers. The anticipated study will help public health planners and administrators. Methods: Authors compiled extensive literature on UHI and related concepts. The outcome intent was to understand the relevance of urban geometry parameters in UHI intensity and how it impacts outdoor thermal comfort. Various electronic databases were searched for publications meeting the criteria of outdoor thermal comfort and urban planning characters (urban geometry) as a mitigation strategy, ranging from 2000 to 2020. Summary: The impact of UHI on human comfort conditions cannot be ignored. Appropriate planning measures at the initial stages of city planning via urban geometry parameters can certainly yield encouraging results to reduce the intensity of UHI and improve outdoor thermal comfort conditions.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75275064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaheen Manna, Sayantika Mukherjee, Dipanwita Das, Amrita Saha
Coronavirus is impacting the world we live in for the most vanquished way and all regions of the planet are left with hung economic loss. This pandemic has not just negatively affected medical care frameworks and communities’ lives yet additionally influenced world economies and brought about employment misfortunes, and business disturbances, and made us head towards one of the most awful times ever for individuals on the planet. Nearly, every one of the enterprises is going through huge decreases in their business, and the effect is so much tremendous of this pandemic, that they are extending more terrible times ahead. The outburst of the Covid-19 pandemic has a remarkable shock to the Indian economy. The economy was at that point in a dreadful state before COVID-19 struck. With the persistent far-reaching lockdown, worldwide financial crisis, and related interruption of interest and supply chains, the economy has likely confronted an extended time of stand stillness. The extent of the financial effect is presently subject to the span and seriousness of the well-being emergency, the period of the lockdown, and how the circumstance unfurls once the lockdown is lifted. This study depicts the condition of the global economy in the pre-COVID-19 period, surveys the possible effect of the shock on different portions of the economy, and dissects the strategies that have been declared such a long way by the central government and the international banks to improve the financial shock and set forward a bunch of strategy proposals for explicit areas.
{"title":"Impact of COVID-19 on the World Economy","authors":"Shaheen Manna, Sayantika Mukherjee, Dipanwita Das, Amrita Saha","doi":"10.3233/jcc230008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230008","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus is impacting the world we live in for the most vanquished way and all regions of the planet are left with hung economic loss. This pandemic has not just negatively affected medical care frameworks and communities’ lives yet additionally influenced world economies and brought about employment misfortunes, and business disturbances, and made us head towards one of the most awful times ever for individuals on the planet. Nearly, every one of the enterprises is going through huge decreases in their business, and the effect is so much tremendous of this pandemic, that they are extending more terrible times ahead. The outburst of the Covid-19 pandemic has a remarkable shock to the Indian economy. The economy was at that point in a dreadful state before COVID-19 struck. With the persistent far-reaching lockdown, worldwide financial crisis, and related interruption of interest and supply chains, the economy has likely confronted an extended time of stand stillness. The extent of the financial effect is presently subject to the span and seriousness of the well-being emergency, the period of the lockdown, and how the circumstance unfurls once the lockdown is lifted. This study depicts the condition of the global economy in the pre-COVID-19 period, surveys the possible effect of the shock on different portions of the economy, and dissects the strategies that have been declared such a long way by the central government and the international banks to improve the financial shock and set forward a bunch of strategy proposals for explicit areas.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"42 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85841086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In most developing countries, the air quality index is a relevant issue since it directly impacts human health and mobility. Commercial devices have already been used to describe the relationship between the air quality index and associated risks. But these results are not readily accessible to the general public, especially in semi-urban areas where threats of air pollution lurk with rapid urbanisation. The main idea is to use open-source wireless technologies for real-time monitoring of outdoor pollutants where free access to data on air pollution is not available. The result of the study shows the mean concentration of nitrous oxide ranges from 1.50 μg/m3 to 3.83 μg/m3 with the maximum being 6 μg/m3 and the minimum being 0 μg/m3. The average daily concentration of P.M10 ranges from 20.58 μg/m3 to 38.43 μg/m3 with a maximum 46 μg/m3 and the minimum 13 μg/m3. The average concentration of particulate matter P.M2.5 ranges from 30.04 μg/m3 to 53.39 μg/m3 with the maximum concentration being 59 μg/m3 and the minimum concentration being 2 μg/m3 in the study period. Similarly, the daily mean concentration of ozone varied between 19.87 μg/m3 and 34.75 μg/m3 with a maximum 52 μg/m3 and the minimum 5 μg/m3. The mean AQI value ranges from 34.54 to 54.30 with a maximum value of 91 and a minimum being 24. PM2.5 and PM10 showed a positive correlation (r2 = 0.998) with each other, indicating they came from the same source. Both PM2.5 and PM10 were negatively and weakly correlated with temperature and humidity. In the study, it is shown that PM10 acts as a single variable that affects the air quality index as a result of the combined effects of multiple factors.
{"title":"Monitoring the Air Quality and Microclimate in a Semi-urban Area Using a Smartphone","authors":"M. Datta","doi":"10.3233/jcc230006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230006","url":null,"abstract":"In most developing countries, the air quality index is a relevant issue since it directly impacts human health and mobility. Commercial devices have already been used to describe the relationship between the air quality index and associated risks. But these results are not readily accessible to the general public, especially in semi-urban areas where threats of air pollution lurk with rapid urbanisation. The main idea is to use open-source wireless technologies for real-time monitoring of outdoor pollutants where free access to data on air pollution is not available. The result of the study shows the mean concentration of nitrous oxide ranges from 1.50 μg/m3 to 3.83 μg/m3 with the maximum being 6 μg/m3 and the minimum being 0 μg/m3. The average daily concentration of P.M10 ranges from 20.58 μg/m3 to 38.43 μg/m3 with a maximum 46 μg/m3 and the minimum 13 μg/m3. The average concentration of particulate matter P.M2.5 ranges from 30.04 μg/m3 to 53.39 μg/m3 with the maximum concentration being 59 μg/m3 and the minimum concentration being 2 μg/m3 in the study period. Similarly, the daily mean concentration of ozone varied between 19.87 μg/m3 and 34.75 μg/m3 with a maximum 52 μg/m3 and the minimum 5 μg/m3. The mean AQI value ranges from 34.54 to 54.30 with a maximum value of 91 and a minimum being 24. PM2.5 and PM10 showed a positive correlation (r2 = 0.998) with each other, indicating they came from the same source. Both PM2.5 and PM10 were negatively and weakly correlated with temperature and humidity. In the study, it is shown that PM10 acts as a single variable that affects the air quality index as a result of the combined effects of multiple factors.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80956989","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hena Varma, Sandeep Banerjee, K. Tharani, Sourav Rawat, Vansh Panwar, P. Pant
The usage of renewable resources results in easing the burden on exhaustible fuels. Consequently, there is a marked reduction in pollution and an improvement in the general environmental conditions. Shifting from exhaustible fuel to a clean energy-based system is a sure-shot way of combating the adverse effects of rapid climate change. This study is a comparison of two MPPT control methods applied to a solar energy conversion system. The two algorithms i.e., Perturb and Observe, and Modified Perturb and Observe were implemented in Simulink and their results were compared. The analysis revealed comparative details related to the system.
{"title":"Investigation on Modelling and Control of Induction Machine","authors":"Hena Varma, Sandeep Banerjee, K. Tharani, Sourav Rawat, Vansh Panwar, P. Pant","doi":"10.3233/jcc230007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230007","url":null,"abstract":"The usage of renewable resources results in easing the burden on exhaustible fuels. Consequently, there is a marked reduction in pollution and an improvement in the general environmental conditions. Shifting from exhaustible fuel to a clean energy-based system is a sure-shot way of combating the adverse effects of rapid climate change. This study is a comparison of two MPPT control methods applied to a solar energy conversion system. The two algorithms i.e., Perturb and Observe, and Modified Perturb and Observe were implemented in Simulink and their results were compared. The analysis revealed comparative details related to the system.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"56 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84694847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The impact of global warming on the environment is a significant concern, and finding effective ways to address climate change is a priority. This paper investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be utilised to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and support efforts to combat climate change, with a particular focus on the chemical industry. The study presents a theoretical framework and comparative analysis of both technological and non-technological solutions to achieve net-zero GHG emissions and establish a carbon-neutral status in the chemical industry. The aim is to assess the potential role of AI as a tool for reducing CO2 emissions from the chemical industry and contributing to the global goal of achieving net-zero CO2 emissions. The analysis will evaluate the efficacy of AI as a tool in reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry and explore its potential for optimising processes, predicting and reducing emissions, and supporting the development of sustainable practices. By utilising AI, it may be possible to identify and implement effective solutions that may not have been possible through conventional methods. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to address climate change by highlighting the potential of AI as a tool for reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry.
{"title":"Maximising Net Zero in Energy-Intensive Industries: An Overview of AI Applications for Greenhouse Gas Reduction","authors":"Atul Saggar, B. Nigam","doi":"10.3233/jcc230003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230003","url":null,"abstract":"The impact of global warming on the environment is a significant concern, and finding effective ways to address climate change is a priority. This paper investigates how Artificial Intelligence (AI) can be utilised to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and support efforts to combat climate change, with a particular focus on the chemical industry. The study presents a theoretical framework and comparative analysis of both technological and non-technological solutions to achieve net-zero GHG emissions and establish a carbon-neutral status in the chemical industry. The aim is to assess the potential role of AI as a tool for reducing CO2 emissions from the chemical industry and contributing to the global goal of achieving net-zero CO2 emissions. The analysis will evaluate the efficacy of AI as a tool in reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry and explore its potential for optimising processes, predicting and reducing emissions, and supporting the development of sustainable practices. By utilising AI, it may be possible to identify and implement effective solutions that may not have been possible through conventional methods. Ultimately, the study aims to contribute to the ongoing efforts to address climate change by highlighting the potential of AI as a tool for reducing GHG emissions in the chemical industry.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"372 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89249203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
B. Kotlia, Manmohan Kukreti, H. Bisht, A. Singh, Anupam Sharma, G. Kothyari, D. Porinchu, Pooja Chand, Rajkumar Kashyap, G. Sharma
Grain size analysis is an essential tool for classifying sedimentary environments. The main aim of the current research is to use granulometric analysis of the Bhikiysain palaeolake sequence along the Ramganga river to describe changes in the depositional environment within the lake during the late Quaternary. The granulometric analysis was conducted using a laser particle size analyser on 32 samples, collected at 10 cm intervals in a vertical palaeolake profile, at Bhikiyasain (Ramganga Basin). The results of the grain-size analysis indicate that the size distribution of the sediment is unimodal. The unimodal size distribution of the sediment suggests that the sediment was supplied via fluvial action. The Bhikiyasain Basin (29°43.106’ N; 79°15.682’ E) underwent tectonic activity around 44 ka, resulting in the ponding of the Ramganga river and the formation of palaeolake deposit. Based on grain size analysis, variation in the colour and lithofacies, the entire profile has been divided into 6 different zones (zones 1 to 6). The silt has the highest concentration in all the zones except for zones 1 and 3. Zones with high silt concentration are inferred to represent low energy depositional environments during the time of deposition. The higher amount of sand concentration in zones 1 and 3 represent higher energy depositional environment. For the whole profile, the sorting of the samples varies between 1.1 and 2.0, indicating poor sorting of the samples. The poorly sorted sediment in all six zones represents limited transportation of sediment from the catchment and also suggests that the sediment was deposited in a low energy environment. The ternary plots also signify the dominance of silt followed by sand and clay. The skewness values range from 0.1 to 0.5 which indicates that the samples are symmetrical to very finely skewed. Variability in the skewness values may be due to changes in the intensity of wind and hydrodynamic conditions of the lake. The kurtosis value ranges from 0.9-1.4, indicating the samples are platykurtic, leptokurtic and mesokurtic in nature. Variability in the kurtosis may be due to changes in the flow characteristics of the depositional medium.
{"title":"Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction Through Granulometric Analysis of a Palaeolake Deposit at Bhikiyasain, Kumaun Lesser Himalaya","authors":"B. Kotlia, Manmohan Kukreti, H. Bisht, A. Singh, Anupam Sharma, G. Kothyari, D. Porinchu, Pooja Chand, Rajkumar Kashyap, G. Sharma","doi":"10.3233/jcc230004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230004","url":null,"abstract":"Grain size analysis is an essential tool for classifying sedimentary environments. The main aim of the current research is to use granulometric analysis of the Bhikiysain palaeolake sequence along the Ramganga river to describe changes in the depositional environment within the lake during the late Quaternary. The granulometric analysis was conducted using a laser particle size analyser on 32 samples, collected at 10 cm intervals in a vertical palaeolake profile, at Bhikiyasain (Ramganga Basin). The results of the grain-size analysis indicate that the size distribution of the sediment is unimodal. The unimodal size distribution of the sediment suggests that the sediment was supplied via fluvial action. The Bhikiyasain Basin (29°43.106’ N; 79°15.682’ E) underwent tectonic activity around 44 ka, resulting in the ponding of the Ramganga river and the formation of palaeolake deposit. Based on grain size analysis, variation in the colour and lithofacies, the entire profile has been divided into 6 different zones (zones 1 to 6). The silt has the highest concentration in all the zones except for zones 1 and 3. Zones with high silt concentration are inferred to represent low energy depositional environments during the time of deposition. The higher amount of sand concentration in zones 1 and 3 represent higher energy depositional environment. For the whole profile, the sorting of the samples varies between 1.1 and 2.0, indicating poor sorting of the samples. The poorly sorted sediment in all six zones represents limited transportation of sediment from the catchment and also suggests that the sediment was deposited in a low energy environment. The ternary plots also signify the dominance of silt followed by sand and clay. The skewness values range from 0.1 to 0.5 which indicates that the samples are symmetrical to very finely skewed. Variability in the skewness values may be due to changes in the intensity of wind and hydrodynamic conditions of the lake. The kurtosis value ranges from 0.9-1.4, indicating the samples are platykurtic, leptokurtic and mesokurtic in nature. Variability in the kurtosis may be due to changes in the flow characteristics of the depositional medium.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88098614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Climate change is an environmental challenge confronting all countries across the globe in varying degrees of intensity. It, directly and indirectly, interferes with the enjoyment of all human beings including – the right to life, housing, water and sanitation, food, health, development, security of persons and an adequate standard of living. Industry and business play a crucial role with regard to climate change, accounting for approximately one-third of the world’s energy consumption and 36 per cent of carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, industry and the global business community have a responsibility to join national and international efforts to lower their greenhouse gas emissions. Across Asia, Europe, Africa, and North and South America, the adverse effects of climate change have manifested over the years as ozone layer depletion, continental global warming, a shower of acid rain, extended fires, melting ice, rise in sea level and other extreme events which call for urgent action at national and international levels. A self-regulating approach that makes manufacturing organisations socially responsible and responsive to environmental issues in their operating countries can be pragmatic in climate-change mitigation, and strengthen existing governmental policies on climate change. A number of affirmative actions and recommendations has been formulated at national and international levels to regulate climate change including eco-vigilance, adoption of green, conservation of the flora and fauna, zero-tolerance of gas flaring, socially responsible investment, carbon emission reporting and disclosures and adoption of environment-friendly manufacturing techniques. Therefore, the present study not only focusses on the theoretical aspect but also on the socio-legal aspect filling the gap in both theory and practice related to the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on society.
{"title":"Rethinking Corporate Social Responsibility in the Arena of Climate Change: A Study in Socio-Legal Aspect","authors":"G. Mandal","doi":"10.3233/jcc220026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc220026","url":null,"abstract":"Climate change is an environmental challenge confronting all countries across the globe in varying degrees of intensity. It, directly and indirectly, interferes with the enjoyment of all human beings including – the right to life, housing, water and sanitation, food, health, development, security of persons and an adequate standard of living. Industry and business play a crucial role with regard to climate change, accounting for approximately one-third of the world’s energy consumption and 36 per cent of carbon dioxide emissions. Therefore, industry and the global business community have a responsibility to join national and international efforts to lower their greenhouse gas emissions. Across Asia, Europe, Africa, and North and South America, the adverse effects of climate change have manifested over the years as ozone layer depletion, continental global warming, a shower of acid rain, extended fires, melting ice, rise in sea level and other extreme events which call for urgent action at national and international levels. A self-regulating approach that makes manufacturing organisations socially responsible and responsive to environmental issues in their operating countries can be pragmatic in climate-change mitigation, and strengthen existing governmental policies on climate change. A number of affirmative actions and recommendations has been formulated at national and international levels to regulate climate change including eco-vigilance, adoption of green, conservation of the flora and fauna, zero-tolerance of gas flaring, socially responsible investment, carbon emission reporting and disclosures and adoption of environment-friendly manufacturing techniques. Therefore, the present study not only focusses on the theoretical aspect but also on the socio-legal aspect filling the gap in both theory and practice related to the impact of Corporate Social Responsibility on society.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74313787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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