Desickanta Rajkumar, Dipanwita Das, Sayantika Mukherjee, Amrita Saha
Lakshadweep, a group of islands with one of the least studied coral atolls enclosing lagoons, submerged reefs and banks situated in the Arabian Sea, is now vulnerable due to rapid erosion, turbulent seas and rising ocean temperatures by climate change. Moreover, rising global sea levels have gradually become a critical threat that is going to impact small islands in the upcoming years. This study depicts the present status of the coral reef and the marine life of the Lakshadweep and how climate change might pose a major threat to the islands in the near future.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change on Coral reef and Marine Life of the Lakshadweep – A Short Review","authors":"Desickanta Rajkumar, Dipanwita Das, Sayantika Mukherjee, Amrita Saha","doi":"10.3233/jcc230019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230019","url":null,"abstract":"Lakshadweep, a group of islands with one of the least studied coral atolls enclosing lagoons, submerged reefs and banks situated in the Arabian Sea, is now vulnerable due to rapid erosion, turbulent seas and rising ocean temperatures by climate change. Moreover, rising global sea levels have gradually become a critical threat that is going to impact small islands in the upcoming years. This study depicts the present status of the coral reef and the marine life of the Lakshadweep and how climate change might pose a major threat to the islands in the near future.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87510008","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The economic and technological growth in the last quarter of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century resulted in a drastic change in the climate (extreme weather conditions for the sustainability of human life on the earth). The updated report of CoP-25 (meeting of Parties), which was held on 3rd December 2019 in Madrid (Spain) used the term “climate emergency” instead of “climate change”. It was a warning for all the developing and developed countries, which depended heavily upon agriculture. The present study highlights some of the global climatic issues which affected the anthropological development in Punjab. This state has been regarded as the backbone of the Indian economy and is also known as the food basket of India. The cropping pattern is changing from diversification to specialisation. The farmers of the Punjab region focus only on rice-wheat cropping patterns. The major factors of resource depletion, particularly in Punjab, are land and water. The problem of food security and environmental degradation is increasing day by day.
{"title":"Climate Change and Ecologically Vulnerable Farming in Punjab: Some Highlights","authors":"Jasvir Singh, Shivjeet Kaur","doi":"10.3233/jcc230021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230021","url":null,"abstract":"The economic and technological growth in the last quarter of the 20th century and the beginning of the 21st century resulted in a drastic change in the climate (extreme weather conditions for the sustainability of human life on the earth). The updated report of CoP-25 (meeting of Parties), which was held on 3rd December 2019 in Madrid (Spain) used the term “climate emergency” instead of “climate change”. It was a warning for all the developing and developed countries, which depended heavily upon agriculture. The present study highlights some of the global climatic issues which affected the anthropological development in Punjab. This state has been regarded as the backbone of the Indian economy and is also known as the food basket of India. The cropping pattern is changing from diversification to specialisation. The farmers of the Punjab region focus only on rice-wheat cropping patterns. The major factors of resource depletion, particularly in Punjab, are land and water. The problem of food security and environmental degradation is increasing day by day.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85670552","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Media reporting of climate change has long influenced public perception of the issue. The present study attempts to understand the media presentation of climate change in India by investigating the framing of climate change discourses in 30 editorials of prominent Indian English newspapers, The Times of India, The Indian Express, and The Hindu, with the help of corpus-assisted frame analysis using Sketch Engine software. The study utilised corpus techniques, like keyword and concordance analysis, along with open coding, to extract common “frames” that figure prominently in the selected newspapers. The results revealed that four major frames were employed by the newspapers: climate change as a worrisome reality that requires immediate attention; climate compensation and mitigation funds as contentious issues that require deliberation between developed and developing nations; India as an active participant in mitigation efforts; and climate crisis as a geopolitical issue that requires cooperation across the board. The analysis resulted in the conclusion that these newspapers displayed little climate scepticism, was sensitive to the economics of mitigative action, and were interested in India’s role in the conversations regarding climate change on the global stage.
{"title":"Corpus-Assisted Frame Analysis of Climate Change Editorials in Indian English Language Newspapers","authors":"Lakshmi G. Reghunath, Shahila Zafar","doi":"10.3233/jcc230015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230015","url":null,"abstract":"Media reporting of climate change has long influenced public perception of the issue. The present study attempts to understand the media presentation of climate change in India by investigating the framing of climate change discourses in 30 editorials of prominent Indian English newspapers, The Times of India, The Indian Express, and The Hindu, with the help of corpus-assisted frame analysis using Sketch Engine software. The study utilised corpus techniques, like keyword and concordance analysis, along with open coding, to extract common “frames” that figure prominently in the selected newspapers. The results revealed that four major frames were employed by the newspapers: climate change as a worrisome reality that requires immediate attention; climate compensation and mitigation funds as contentious issues that require deliberation between developed and developing nations; India as an active participant in mitigation efforts; and climate crisis as a geopolitical issue that requires cooperation across the board. The analysis resulted in the conclusion that these newspapers displayed little climate scepticism, was sensitive to the economics of mitigative action, and were interested in India’s role in the conversations regarding climate change on the global stage.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78134772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this study monthly Temperature Lapse Rates and basic downscaling technique of subtracting means are used to construct temperature (T) series over East Rathong glacier by using multiple data sets from Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) at Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (HMI), Gangtok Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Yuksum and ERA5reanalysis data. Precipitation (P) over glacier is estimated using Gangtok IMD data and downscaled ERA5 data. The P data is downscaled using local scaling factor method. Change in volume of 0.180 km3 (from 1962 to 2020) estimated using satellite data are used to construct Mass Balance (MB) series for the glacier. It is observed that the glacier is losing its mass with increasing T, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) (from 0.1 in 1980 to 0.2 in 2020), and increasing Pmainly during June-July-August months when temperatures are already high. This study is important as it used multiple data sets along with field data extracted from the literature to study climatic impacts on East Rathong glacier. Data generated from this study may be used in mass balance projection of the glaciers in the absence of field data.
{"title":"A Climate Change Study: Downscaling of Climatic Parameters and Their Assessment Over East Rathong Glacier of Eastern Himalayan Region","authors":"Anubha Aggarwal, S. Anbukumar, A. Mandal","doi":"10.3233/jcc230010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230010","url":null,"abstract":"In this study monthly Temperature Lapse Rates and basic downscaling technique of subtracting means are used to construct temperature (T) series over East Rathong glacier by using multiple data sets from Automatic Weather Stations (AWS) at Himalayan Mountaineering Institute (HMI), Gangtok Indian Meteorological Department (IMD), Yuksum and ERA5reanalysis data. Precipitation (P) over glacier is estimated using Gangtok IMD data and downscaled ERA5 data. The P data is downscaled using local scaling factor method. Change in volume of 0.180 km3 (from 1962 to 2020) estimated using satellite data are used to construct Mass Balance (MB) series for the glacier. It is observed that the glacier is losing its mass with increasing T, Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD) (from 0.1 in 1980 to 0.2 in 2020), and increasing Pmainly during June-July-August months when temperatures are already high. This study is important as it used multiple data sets along with field data extracted from the literature to study climatic impacts on East Rathong glacier. Data generated from this study may be used in mass balance projection of the glaciers in the absence of field data.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80494856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Kongeswaran, R. Muthuramalingam, K. Sivakumar, S. Venkatramanan, A. Muruganantham, S. Bangaru Priyanga, S. Chandramohan
The study of sedimentary characteristics and paleontology is very useful in assessing the past environment of a study area. The Karankadu estuary study area is considered to be one of the most ecologically diverse in the Ramanathapuram district of southern India. The sedimentological and recent foraminiferal assemblages were studied using a drill core from the estuary. Foraminifera analyses, grain size analyses, heavy mineral analyses and XRD maps were prepared for the present study. A total of 30 species were identified from the following suborders: Rotalina, Lagenina, Mollusca, Miliolina, and Textularina. Grain size analysis identified the substrate as mostly silty clay. Heavy mineral analysis identified 90% of light minerals and 10% of heavy minerals. In XRD analysis, quartz and feldspar appeared as major minerals and garnet, zircon, hypersthene, magnetite and ilmenite as minor minerals. The present study shows that the environment is more diverse due to its quiet character and less responsive to hazardous events such as floods and waves.
{"title":"Study of Palaeoclimate Reconstruction Using Sediments and Micropaleontology in the Karankadu Estuary, Ramanathapuram District, Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"T. Kongeswaran, R. Muthuramalingam, K. Sivakumar, S. Venkatramanan, A. Muruganantham, S. Bangaru Priyanga, S. Chandramohan","doi":"10.3233/jcc230012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230012","url":null,"abstract":"The study of sedimentary characteristics and paleontology is very useful in assessing the past environment of a study area. The Karankadu estuary study area is considered to be one of the most ecologically diverse in the Ramanathapuram district of southern India. The sedimentological and recent foraminiferal assemblages were studied using a drill core from the estuary. Foraminifera analyses, grain size analyses, heavy mineral analyses and XRD maps were prepared for the present study. A total of 30 species were identified from the following suborders: Rotalina, Lagenina, Mollusca, Miliolina, and Textularina. Grain size analysis identified the substrate as mostly silty clay. Heavy mineral analysis identified 90% of light minerals and 10% of heavy minerals. In XRD analysis, quartz and feldspar appeared as major minerals and garnet, zircon, hypersthene, magnetite and ilmenite as minor minerals. The present study shows that the environment is more diverse due to its quiet character and less responsive to hazardous events such as floods and waves.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84773720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tran Van Ty, Le Hai Tri, Nguyen Van Tho, Nguyen Van Toan, Giap Minh Nhat, N. Downes, Pankaj Kumar, Huỳnh Vương Thu Minh
This study evaluates the performance of simulated precipitation and maximum and minimum temperatures in the historical runs of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) for the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The precipitation, as well as maximum and minimum temperatures outputs from 16 general circulation models (GCMs), were compared with observations from 12 stations for the period 1980–2014, using a set of statistical metrics, namely, normalised root mean square error (NRMSE), percentage of bias (PBIAS), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and volumetric efficiency (VE). Finally, ranking (total score - TS) was carried out and the probability distribution function (PDF) and Taylor diagram were used to confirm rankings. The results show that different statistical indicators reveal variation ranking order of the 16 GCMs. Based on RS ranking, it is indicated that each simulation GCM performed differently under the different metrics and no single model performed best for all metrics. The top five highest ranked GCMs based on TS were HadGEM3-GC31-LL, ACCESS-CM2, CanESM5, NESM3 and CanESM5-CanOE for precipitation; and CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-ESM2-1, GFDL-ESM4, NESM3 and INM-CM5-0 for the maximum; and CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-ESM2-1, GFDL-ESM4, NESM3 and INM-CM5-0 for minimum temperatures, respectively. We also observed an underestimation of precipitation and an overestimation of temperature over the study area. The TS method demonstrates efficiency to aggregate the multi-model ensemble GCMs based on different statistical indicators which were sometimes contradictory. The findings from this study provide useful guidance in the selection of GCMs for climate change applications in the VMD.
{"title":"Evaluating the Performance of CMIP6 GCMs to Simulate Precipitation and Temperature Over the Vietnamese Mekong Delta","authors":"Tran Van Ty, Le Hai Tri, Nguyen Van Tho, Nguyen Van Toan, Giap Minh Nhat, N. Downes, Pankaj Kumar, Huỳnh Vương Thu Minh","doi":"10.3233/jcc230013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230013","url":null,"abstract":"This study evaluates the performance of simulated precipitation and maximum and minimum temperatures in the historical runs of the Climate Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6 (CMIP6) for the Vietnamese Mekong Delta (VMD). The precipitation, as well as maximum and minimum temperatures outputs from 16 general circulation models (GCMs), were compared with observations from 12 stations for the period 1980–2014, using a set of statistical metrics, namely, normalised root mean square error (NRMSE), percentage of bias (PBIAS), Nash–Sutcliffe efficiency (NSE), coefficient of determination (R2), and volumetric efficiency (VE). Finally, ranking (total score - TS) was carried out and the probability distribution function (PDF) and Taylor diagram were used to confirm rankings. The results show that different statistical indicators reveal variation ranking order of the 16 GCMs. Based on RS ranking, it is indicated that each simulation GCM performed differently under the different metrics and no single model performed best for all metrics. The top five highest ranked GCMs based on TS were HadGEM3-GC31-LL, ACCESS-CM2, CanESM5, NESM3 and CanESM5-CanOE for precipitation; and CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-ESM2-1, GFDL-ESM4, NESM3 and INM-CM5-0 for the maximum; and CNRM-CM6-1, CNRM-ESM2-1, GFDL-ESM4, NESM3 and INM-CM5-0 for minimum temperatures, respectively. We also observed an underestimation of precipitation and an overestimation of temperature over the study area. The TS method demonstrates efficiency to aggregate the multi-model ensemble GCMs based on different statistical indicators which were sometimes contradictory. The findings from this study provide useful guidance in the selection of GCMs for climate change applications in the VMD.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84797236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shaheen Manna, Dipanwita Das, A. Saha, Sayantika Mukherjee
In specific areas of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, air temperatures are expanding at rates more than two times the international average; additionally, there are other direct human impacts on polar regions. A quick change in climate impacting the polar regions will similarly have huge physical and biological consequences for the last existing parts of the planet since the ice-engulfed Arctic Ocean, the Antarctic landform, and the worldwide eminent Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) serve a basic job in managing the Earth’s current circumstance and ocean systems. Polar biodiversity is presently responding to this rapid climate change and more massive impacts will happen in this era. Intensifying the danger to polar biodiversity is the certainty that numerous polar environments have restricted functional redundancy; in case of the disappearance of a solitary keystone species, they may possibly be exposed to descending impacts and complete biological system rebuilding. This study focussed on the contributing factors of ecological change, the effects of natural change on the Antarctic environment, next to the effects of environmental change on the types of Antarctic biodiversity. The most rapidly changing biological agenda on our planet are arranged in the polar regions. This issue is picked to research the effects of natural change on a particular region’s biodiversity.
{"title":"Consequence of Climate Change on Biodiversity and Biome of Antarctica - A Short Review","authors":"Shaheen Manna, Dipanwita Das, A. Saha, Sayantika Mukherjee","doi":"10.3233/jcc230011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230011","url":null,"abstract":"In specific areas of the Arctic and Antarctic regions, air temperatures are expanding at rates more than two times the international average; additionally, there are other direct human impacts on polar regions. A quick change in climate impacting the polar regions will similarly have huge physical and biological consequences for the last existing parts of the planet since the ice-engulfed Arctic Ocean, the Antarctic landform, and the worldwide eminent Antarctic Circumpolar Current (ACC) serve a basic job in managing the Earth’s current circumstance and ocean systems. Polar biodiversity is presently responding to this rapid climate change and more massive impacts will happen in this era. Intensifying the danger to polar biodiversity is the certainty that numerous polar environments have restricted functional redundancy; in case of the disappearance of a solitary keystone species, they may possibly be exposed to descending impacts and complete biological system rebuilding. This study focussed on the contributing factors of ecological change, the effects of natural change on the Antarctic environment, next to the effects of environmental change on the types of Antarctic biodiversity. The most rapidly changing biological agenda on our planet are arranged in the polar regions. This issue is picked to research the effects of natural change on a particular region’s biodiversity.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88357813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Bhavneet Gulati, Raghuveerv Sharma, S. Kanga, S. Singh, Bhartendu Sajan, Gowhar Meraj, Pankaj Kumar, AL. Ramanathan
Stubble burning in Punjab, India, poses significant environmental challenges, particularly impacting air quality. This study aims to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of stubble burning events and their potential effect on ambient air quality from 2019 to 2022. High-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was employed to delineate the spatial extent of stubble burning. Burnt areas were identified using the Normalised Burn Ratio (NBR). Air quality was evaluated based on PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations data obtained from the Punjab Pollution Control Board. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique was used to estimate pollution values in areas lacking direct monitoring. The study revealed significant year-to-year variations in areas affected by stubble burning. The smallest burnt areas were recorded in October 2019 and 2021 (209 sq km), while the largest was in 2020 (755.38 sq km). In every year studied, the burnt area in November consistently exceeded that in October, with the largest area (10315 sq km) observed in 2021. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations also showed annual fluctuations, with the highest recorded in 2020 and 2021. In particular, in October 2020, higher PM2.5 and PM10 levels were detected in the eastern region of Punjab. November consistently exhibited higher PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations than October for all years analysed, peaking in 2021. The spatial and temporal variations of stubble burning events and their relationship with air quality highlight the need for targeted interventions. Understanding these patterns is crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of stubble burning on air quality in Punjab, India. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies.
{"title":"Unraveling the Relationship Between Stubble Burning and Air Quality Degradation in Punjab: A Temporal and Spatial Analysis (2019-2022)","authors":"Bhavneet Gulati, Raghuveerv Sharma, S. Kanga, S. Singh, Bhartendu Sajan, Gowhar Meraj, Pankaj Kumar, AL. Ramanathan","doi":"10.3233/jcc230014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230014","url":null,"abstract":"Stubble burning in Punjab, India, poses significant environmental challenges, particularly impacting air quality. This study aims to examine the spatial and temporal patterns of stubble burning events and their potential effect on ambient air quality from 2019 to 2022. High-resolution Sentinel-2 satellite imagery was employed to delineate the spatial extent of stubble burning. Burnt areas were identified using the Normalised Burn Ratio (NBR). Air quality was evaluated based on PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations data obtained from the Punjab Pollution Control Board. The Inverse Distance Weighting (IDW) interpolation technique was used to estimate pollution values in areas lacking direct monitoring. The study revealed significant year-to-year variations in areas affected by stubble burning. The smallest burnt areas were recorded in October 2019 and 2021 (209 sq km), while the largest was in 2020 (755.38 sq km). In every year studied, the burnt area in November consistently exceeded that in October, with the largest area (10315 sq km) observed in 2021. PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations also showed annual fluctuations, with the highest recorded in 2020 and 2021. In particular, in October 2020, higher PM2.5 and PM10 levels were detected in the eastern region of Punjab. November consistently exhibited higher PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations than October for all years analysed, peaking in 2021. The spatial and temporal variations of stubble burning events and their relationship with air quality highlight the need for targeted interventions. Understanding these patterns is crucial for mitigating the adverse effects of stubble burning on air quality in Punjab, India. Future research should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of various mitigation strategies.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78530855","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Santosh Kumar, Rohit Das, P. Sharma, Sonia Tamang, R. Ranjan, Nagendra Thakur
Hot springs are like nature’s spas, which include warm and humid aquatic habitats that serve as a sanctuary for a diverse range of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes fungi. Among these, fungi are one of the most important microorganisms, carrying out essential functions that often go unnoticed but are crucial in accelerating biological processes. These organisms have adapted to survive under a wide range of thermal conditions. While thermophilic fungi can withstand the scorching heat of deserts and hyper-saline conditions, other variants like mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi prefer more moderate and colder temperatures, respectively. The study employs shotgun metagenomic sequencing to obtain a fine-grained taxonomic classification of lesser-known species and microbial eukaryotes. This study aims to explore the relationship between fungal diversity and temperature in three distinct thermal zones; thermophilic (hot spring), mesophilic (plain field), and psychrophilic (semi-frigid zone) zones. The findings of our study demonstrated that there is a notable and positive association between the diversity of fungi and temperature, suggesting that temperature is a key factor in moulding fungal communities. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causal mechanisms of this relationship. Overall, our study adds to the knowledge of how environmental factors influence microbial diversity and can aid in the development of strategies for the conservation and management of fungal communities. Fungi are essential for many industrial applications, and their role in causing illnesses is also significant, making this research valuable for both scientific and practical purposes.
{"title":"Evaluation of Fungal Diversity in High Altitude Soils in Different Temperature Conditions","authors":"Santosh Kumar, Rohit Das, P. Sharma, Sonia Tamang, R. Ranjan, Nagendra Thakur","doi":"10.3233/jcc230016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230016","url":null,"abstract":"Hot springs are like nature’s spas, which include warm and humid aquatic habitats that serve as a sanctuary for a diverse range of microorganisms, including bacteria, archaea, viruses, and eukaryotes fungi. Among these, fungi are one of the most important microorganisms, carrying out essential functions that often go unnoticed but are crucial in accelerating biological processes. These organisms have adapted to survive under a wide range of thermal conditions. While thermophilic fungi can withstand the scorching heat of deserts and hyper-saline conditions, other variants like mesophilic and psychrophilic fungi prefer more moderate and colder temperatures, respectively. The study employs shotgun metagenomic sequencing to obtain a fine-grained taxonomic classification of lesser-known species and microbial eukaryotes. This study aims to explore the relationship between fungal diversity and temperature in three distinct thermal zones; thermophilic (hot spring), mesophilic (plain field), and psychrophilic (semi-frigid zone) zones. The findings of our study demonstrated that there is a notable and positive association between the diversity of fungi and temperature, suggesting that temperature is a key factor in moulding fungal communities. However, it is important to note that further research is necessary to elucidate the underlying causal mechanisms of this relationship. Overall, our study adds to the knowledge of how environmental factors influence microbial diversity and can aid in the development of strategies for the conservation and management of fungal communities. Fungi are essential for many industrial applications, and their role in causing illnesses is also significant, making this research valuable for both scientific and practical purposes.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72535611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
“Climate change poses a roadblock. The number of droughts increasing year after year. Climate change is not only affecting farmers, government officials, politicians, and lawmakers but also every citizen of the country. Many famous academicians are also opining that the recent onion and tomato crisis is an example of the challenge from climatic change”. Goa is a tiny emerald land situated well on the west coast of India. Apart from Mining, Tourism, and Fishing, Agriculture is one of the major occupations; it plays a crucial role in the economy of the State. The above-said occupations provided the main livelihood to rural, urban, and coastal populations. According to FAO (2018), the share of the agricultural population in the study area is less than 32% among the working population and accounts for just 16% of the GDP. The statistical data for the agricultural scenario in Goa is indicating that traditional agriculture is declining concerning the area as well as production. Though agriculture is the backbone of the State’s economy, which provides a source of livelihood to the majority of Goan people, it is now rapidly declining due to physical as well as cultural factors. Researchers clearly say that, global warming is also one such factor, which is responsible for the reduction in agricultural pursuits. The present study discusses the trends, growth, and impact of global warming and climate change on agriculture patterns in Goa. Farmers, academicians, scientists, and politicians of the State think that there is an impact of climate change and global warming on Goan agriculture. The study further revealed that there is a reduction in area under staple crops, and most significantly yield/productivity is also declining (Economic Survey, 2020-21). Given global warming and climate change, coastal plains are exhibiting various problems like floods and landslides. Government officials have already revealed that the land-use pattern has already taken place in the study area, and a lot of damage has taken place concerning forests and mangroves. These are the main concern for our study to know the agricultural activities in Goa are largely impacted by global warming and climatic changes. Hence, all the hypotheses quoted tested positive.
{"title":"Impact of Climate Change-Induced Rainfall on the Agriculture Pattern of Goa – A Geographical Perspective","authors":"P. R. Morakar, C. Hiremath, D. M. Jakati","doi":"10.3233/jcc230002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3233/jcc230002","url":null,"abstract":"“Climate change poses a roadblock. The number of droughts increasing year after year. Climate change is not only affecting farmers, government officials, politicians, and lawmakers but also every citizen of the country. Many famous academicians are also opining that the recent onion and tomato crisis is an example of the challenge from climatic change”. Goa is a tiny emerald land situated well on the west coast of India. Apart from Mining, Tourism, and Fishing, Agriculture is one of the major occupations; it plays a crucial role in the economy of the State. The above-said occupations provided the main livelihood to rural, urban, and coastal populations. According to FAO (2018), the share of the agricultural population in the study area is less than 32% among the working population and accounts for just 16% of the GDP. The statistical data for the agricultural scenario in Goa is indicating that traditional agriculture is declining concerning the area as well as production. Though agriculture is the backbone of the State’s economy, which provides a source of livelihood to the majority of Goan people, it is now rapidly declining due to physical as well as cultural factors. Researchers clearly say that, global warming is also one such factor, which is responsible for the reduction in agricultural pursuits. The present study discusses the trends, growth, and impact of global warming and climate change on agriculture patterns in Goa. Farmers, academicians, scientists, and politicians of the State think that there is an impact of climate change and global warming on Goan agriculture. The study further revealed that there is a reduction in area under staple crops, and most significantly yield/productivity is also declining (Economic Survey, 2020-21). Given global warming and climate change, coastal plains are exhibiting various problems like floods and landslides. Government officials have already revealed that the land-use pattern has already taken place in the study area, and a lot of damage has taken place concerning forests and mangroves. These are the main concern for our study to know the agricultural activities in Goa are largely impacted by global warming and climatic changes. Hence, all the hypotheses quoted tested positive.","PeriodicalId":43177,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Climate Change","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2023-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90549032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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